Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Semnale deterministe
Semnale aleatoare
Semnale armonice
2
x t Xcos t Xcos 2 ft
Xcos t
T
Xcos t
T T 2 xrms T1 0 2 t dt 1
Xcos 2T t dt
x
T0
X
2 0.707X
T
T
11 2
xav T 0 xt dt T 0 Xcos T t
dt
2
X 0.637X
Factor de vârf:
X
Fv 2 1.414
xrms
Factor de formă:
xrms
Ff 1.11 xav 2 2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Frecventa [Hz]
Semnale multiarmonice
xt semnal periodic cu
perioada T : x t T x t pentru
orice t
k
xt X0 Xk cos 2 f tk k ,fk , k
1,2,... k 1 T
tT
1
X0 T t x d mediasemnalului
ak defazajul componentei
spectrale de ordin k 1,2,...
k arctg
bk
coeficientii Fourier
tT tT
2 2
ak T x cos2 fk d, bk T t x sin2 fk
d
t
T
-1
-2
-3
0 2 4 6 8 10
timp [s]
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
-0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
Frecventa [Hz]
Semnal multiarmonic-spectrul de amplitudine
1
X f( ) lim x t( )exp( i2 ft dt)
T T
Semnal de vibratii libere
2
x t( ) X exp( 2 ft)cos(2 1 ft
)
0.5
Semnal aperiodic
0.4
de tip vibratii libere
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
0 1 2 3 4
timp [s]
Spectrul Fourier de amplitudine
12
10
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
frecventa [Hz]
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
timp [s]
Semnal aperiodic de tip soc
7
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
frecventa [Hz]