Software Engineering & MIS

Software Engineering & MIS

Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow

DCN/ICN Team
Joseph P. Brazy WVU B&E MIS Association
Ted Kula Morgantown, WV
Thurs. Apr 13, 2000
 Today’s Topics

• What is Software Engineering(SE) and

MIS?
• What are some Software Engineering/MIS
Jobs
• What are some SE products and processes
• Some Internet Resources for SE
• Summary
 What is Software Engineering?

• Textbooks tend not to give definitions, but instead

spend their introductory chapters explaining
characteristics of the discipline. Interesting
phrases include:
– A discipline whose aim is the production of quality
software, delivered on time, within budget, and
satisfying users' needs.
– The specification, development, management, and
evolution of software systems.
– Designing and developing high-quality software

Source: http://www.faqs.org/faqs/software-eng/part1/
 What is an MIS?

• MIS Definitions
– (management information systems) is a general term for
the computer systems in an enterprise that provide
information about its business operations –
http://www.whatis.com
– "concerning both the management of information
technology and the use of information technology for
managerial and organizational purposes” - MIS
Quarterly (http://www.misq.org)
– set of interrelated components that collect (retrieve),
process, store, and distribute information to support
decision making and control in an organization
http://saber.towson.edu/~rosecky/m437txt.htm
 Software Engineering Yesterday:
• Software Engineering
(term wasn’t used)
• Computer Scientists (often
did both hardware and
software)
• Internet Forefathers
– Leonard Kleinrock, a computer
scientist at UCLA, stands next to the
refrigerator-sized computer that made
the first-ever connection in 1969 to
what was to become the Internet. (AP)
– The UCLA team of graduate students in
1969 included future Internet leaders
like Vinton Cerf, who later helped
create the Internet's common language
(TCP/IP), and the late Jonathan Postel,
who pioneered its address system
– Robert Kahn – computer language
creator (TCP/IP)
– Lawrence Roberts - the designer and Leonard Kleinrock
developer of ARPANET
 Software Engineering Today:
• Software Engineering
– An engineering discipline that includes these processes
and products:
– Software Engineering Management
– Software Requirements Analysis
– Software Configuration Management
– Software Design Source: SWEBOK
– Software Construction –http://www.swebok.org/
– Software Testing
– Software Engineering Infrastructure
– Software Engineering Process
– Software Evolution and Maintenance
– Software Quality Analysis
 Software Engineering Body of Knowledge
BOK

Software
Computing Software Software
Product
Fundamentals Management Domains
Engineering
Algorithms and Requirements Project Process Artificial
Data Structures Engineering Management Intelligence
Computer Software Risk Database
Architecture Design Management Systems
Mathematical Software Quality Human-Computer
Foundations Coding Management Interaction
Operating Numerical &
Software Configuration
Systems Symbolic Comp.
Testing Management
Programming Computer
Software Dev. Process
Languages Simulation
Ops& Maint Management
Real-Time
Acquisition
Systems
Management
Source: http://www.sei.cmu.edu/pub/documents/99.reports/pdf/99tr004.pdf
 Software Engineering: Today and
Tomorrow
• Information Technology Worker Shortage
– Companies in nearly every industry are reporting serious
difficulty in finding and/or retraining qualified IT staff.
– The Bureau of Labor Statistics growth projections for the
three core occupational classifications of IT workers
(computer scientists and engineers, systems analysts, and
programmers) –
• indicate that between 1996 and 2006, the US will require more than
1.3 million new Information Technology workers, an average of
about 137,800 per year
 IT Market in the United States

– In 1996, there were 1.2 million IT jobs in the US, each

paying an average of $55,000. IT salaries are increasing at
an annual rate of 20%, compared to 4% for other industries.
– A 1998 Virginia Tech study showed there are 346,000
unfilled jobs in the IT sector
– U.S. high-tech employment approached 4.5 million in 1997.
Demand for database administrators, computer support
specialists, computer scientists, computer
engineers, and systems analysts are all expected to more
than double between 1996 and 2006
 Internet Growth (1999)

• Electronic Commerce
/Electronic Data
Interchange
• Business Growth
(.com hosts at 24M+)
 Today’s Topics

• What is Software Engineering?

• What are some Software Engineering
Jobs
• What are the products and processes
• Some Internet Resources
• Summary
 Baker’s Dozen (13)
Software Engineering Jobs/Roles
– Systems Analyst -- analyzes requirements for an application, mahy
also do business case analysis (economic analysis)
– Software Architect – designs the overall structure of the application
– Software Network Specialist – LAN/WAN Network design,
installation, maintenance
– Software Programmer – implements the design using software
development tools, COTS software products, and computer
languages
– Software Systems Administrator – administers user accounts,
technology refreshment, software deployment to users, software
problem solvers
– Software Database Administrator – administers the database
(installation, maintenance, backup, refreshment)
 Baker’s Dozen (13)
Software Engineering Jobs/Roles
– Customer Support Engineer – solves customer, end-user problems
with computer applications, configuration (e.g. ISP)
– Webmaster – designs, implements, and maintains a web site
– Software Security Engineer – identification, authorization,
authentication, data protection, data integrity, CERT)
– Software Tester (independent verification and validation – e.g.
NASA IV&V Facility, South Fairmont)
– Software Project Manager –plan, organize, direct, coordinate,
control a software project (emphasis on risk management)
– Software Configuration Manager – identify, change control, status
accounting, audits and reviews
– Software Quality Manager/Engineer – software reliability
modeling, statistical quality control, defect analysis
 Hot Software Engineering Skills:
Today and Tomorrow
• Visual Basic -- Programming Language
• Microsoft Access – Relational Database (small applications)
• PowerBuilder application development tools – RAD Database Tool
• Cobol programming (in demand because of the "year 2000" problem)
• C and C++ programming -- Programming Languages
• SAP – Enterprise Wide Application Software (financial, manufacturing,
product data management)
• MVS, Unix and Windows NT – Host Operating Systems (IBM, Sun, HP,
Microsoft)
• Microsoft Exchange – E-Mail Server
• Lotus Notes – Web Based Publishing/Management Application Software
• Database management, administration and development -Oracle and Sybase
to a lesser extent. – Oracle dominates the DBMS market
• Internet/World Wide Web: Web-related skills; e.g., Java, ActiveX, CGI and
Internet Security – Definitely – look at explosion in web and e-commerce
• Object-oriented skills -- Analysis, design, development
 ManTech-WV Information
Technology Jobs/Roles
• Systems Integration and
Software Development
– Systems Analyst
– Software Manager
– Software Engineer
– Programmer
– Webmaster
– Network Specialist
– Systems Administrator
– Database Administrator
• Electronic Commerce/
Electronic Data Interchange
• Technical Manual/ETM/ Maintenance, Operations,
IETM Technologies Inspections, Illustrated Parts
Breakdowns
 Computer Aided Acquisition
Logistics Support (CALS)

• A strategy to reduce weapon system life cycle

costs by employing Information Technology in
the acquisition of technical information and the
life cycle support of the weapon system
 The Exchange of Information in Standard
Electronic Digital Format
CALS
Technical Information
Product Data Engineering Data
CAD Data Material Data
CAM Data Inventory
Configuration Tech Publication
Data Security
STEP/PDES
Product Standard Exchange
Data
EC/EDI
Description Transactions
Completely and Accurately
Describe a Product Business, Information,
Components or Assembly and Technical
of Parts for Design IPPT Transaction Sets
Analysis, Manufacture, Based on - RFQ/Proposals
Test and Inspection
Concurrent
Engineering
Processes
Product and Manufacturing
Processes

Commerce At Light Speed

R. S. Kidwell / ManTech
 Internet Support Based Services ManTech / WVA Team
• Remote Group
Collaboration
• Information Search
Engine Support UN/EDIFACT
PDM (Configuration •Performance Implementation
Management) •Security • Overseas Shipping
• Introduction of Document Process with
2549 MIL STD. 11 Nations
• Data Model • Testing Process of
• Activity Model DoD/ORDERS Message
• Business Case Model • Transaction(s) from
http://www.x12.org
• Testing X12 to EDIFACT

IETM Interoperability Corrosion Resource Information

• Object & Distribution Center
Encapsulation Client/Server Architecture • Business Case Model
• Web Addressing • DoD Application Development
• Browser/Viewer • Computer Hardware/
• Database and Web Software Selection
Server Interface • Internet/Intranet
• Security

Internet Support ( http://www.dcnicn.com )

CALS Archive Documents ( http://www.dcnicn.com )
 CALS/IDE Project: DCN/ICN
• Information Technology
Infrastructure that uses the
Internet as a backbone to
provide:
Collaboration Services:
Text Conferencing
E-Mail and Mail Lists
File Sharing
Comment/Annotation
Calendar
Information Services:
Document Search and
Retrieval
Information Repository
for CALS organizations, projects
technology transfer, best practices
Service Requirements Summary
 Collaboration Services
Technologies and Tools
• Technologies • Tools (Web Browsers and
Servers)
– World Wide Web Browsers
and Servers – Microsoft IE 4.x, 5.0
– Web Based Threaded – Netscape Navigator/Comm. 4x+
Discussion Groups – Microsoft Internet Information
– Multimedia Collaboration Server 4.0 (web server)
(audio, video) • Application Tools
– Web Based Application – Allaire Forums, Cold Fusion
Sharing, File Sharing – Microsoft NetMeeting 3.0
– Web Based Voting and – NTMail, NTList -- E-Mail and
Comment/Annotation Listserver
– HomeSite 4.5 HTML/Cold Fusion
– Microsoft Active Server Pages
 IETM_WG Text Conference
Features User Interface

• Conferences
– Forums
• Threads
– Message

• Search
• New Messages
• Attached Files
• Demonstration
 Web-Centric Calendar

• Calendar of Events
• Single, Periodic,
Duration (multiple
days) Events
 Comment/Annotation Tool

• Web-Centric
• Comment on
Documents
• View Comments
• Download Files
• File Upload for
Administrators
• Comment Disposition
for Adminstrators.
 Desktop Video Conference
User Interface
Features
• Audio*, Video*, Text
Chat
• Whiteboarding,
• Application Sharing
(e.g. MS Word, Excel,
AutoCad)
• File Transfer
NetMeeting Client is a free component of
* Microphone, the Microsoft Internet Explorer Web
Desktop Video Camera needed.
Browser. DCN/ICN provides locator service.
 Information Services
Technologies/Tools
• Tools
• Technologies – Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0
– Netscape Navigator/Comm. 4.x+
– Web based browsers and
– Cold Fusion 4.0
servers
– Oracle Application Web Server
– Relational Database 4.0
Management System – Oracle 8.0 OR Database
– High Level Programming Management System
Languages – Oracle WebDB 2.0 development
tool
– Selective Push/Pull
– Visual Basic 6, JavaScript, Active
– Web Server Extensions Server Pages
– MS Office Server Extensions
(notification and subscription)
 DCN/ICN CALS Archive

• CALS/IDE Project
Deliverables
• Other CALS Interest
Documents
– CODE Report
– ODIS Report
• Search Engine
– Keywords
– Meta Tags
• Demonstration
 DCN/ICN Information Services

• Web-enabled 3-tier
architecture (Web Client,
Web Server, Database)
• CALS related information
(world-wide)
– Organizations
– Implementations
– Technology Transfer
– Other CALS related
information repositories
Oracle Application Server (Web Server)
Oracle WebDB Rapid Application
Development Tool
Oracle 8.x Object-Relational Database
 Today’s Topics

• What is Software Engineering

• What are some Software Engineering Jobs
• What are the products and processes
• Some Internet Resources
• Summary
 Software Engineering Symposium 99
Keynote Address: Walker Royce
• Top 10 Principles - Modern (integration of COTS
software - Spiral Development Model)
1. Architecture first
2. Iterative life cycle
3. Component-based development
4. Change management of all artifacts
5. Round-trip engineering
6. Model-based analysis and design notation
7. Objective quality control
8. Demonstration based assessment
9. Evolving levels of detail
10. Configurable process
 Software Engineering Process:
Developmental Models
• The Linear Sequential Model -- Waterfall Model
• The prototyping model
• The RAD model
• Evolutionary SW process models
– The Incremental Model
– The Spiral Model
– The Component Assembly Model
– The Concurrent Development Model

The Formal Methods Models

 Linear Sequential Model

(Process Engineering Methodology)

http://www.asset.com/Boeing/rde/pem/pem.htm
 Spiral Development Model

• First proposed by Boehm

in 1988.
• An evolutionary process
model that combines
prototyping with aspects
of the linear sequential
model.
• Can be used for rapid
development of
incremental versions.

Sources: http://louisa.levels.unisa.edu.au/se1/week1/html/tsld034.htm and

http://www.ee.umanitoba.ca/~cilab/PROC/lifecyc.html
 Sample Software Engineering Products
(artifacts – IEEE Software Engineering Standards
Collection)

• Software Project • Software User

Management Plan
Documentation
• Software Requirements
Specifications • Information Technology-
• Software Design Software Life Cycle
Descriptions Processes-Software
• Software Quality Assurance Development Acquirer-
Plan Supplier Agreement
• Software Configuration • Standard for Developing
Management Plans Software Life-Cycle Processes
• Software Verification and • Dictionary of Measures to
Validation Plan Produce Reliable Software
• Software Test • Application Software
Documentation
Challenge: Match the product to an area of the Software Engineering
Body Of Knowledge Area (SEI BOK Model)
 Today’s Topics

• What is Software Engineering

• What are some Software Engineering Jobs
• What are the products and processes
• Some Internet Resources
• Summary
 Some Internet Resources

• World Wide Web Consortium

– Works on web publishing standards
like HTML and XML, stylesheets
(CSS, XSL), and related subjects
– Internet URL: http://www.w3.org
• Carnegie Mellon University –
Software Engineering Institute
(SEI)
– SEI Capability Maturity Model – Software Engineering
organizations Processes
– SEI Personal Software Process (PSP)
– individual
– Internet URL:
http://www.sei.cmu.edu
 Some Internet Resources
• Purdue University Center for
Research in Information
Assurance and Security
(CERIAS)
– information security (computer
security, network security, and
communications security), and
information assurance
– Internet URL:
http://www.cerias.purdue.edu/
• Web Developer’s Virtual
Library
– Internet URL:
http://www.wdvl.com/Authoring
 Some Internet Resources

• Tucows
– Software Product Reviews
including shareware and COTS
(HTML stuff, Windows
95/98/NT, Games, Music
– Internet URL:
http://www.tucows.com
• Multiple Search Engine
– Copernic 2000 uses 8 search
engines including Altavista
– Internet URL:
http://www.copernic.com
 Some Internet Resources
• Top 100 Women in Jeopardy Game Category:
Computing (1996) Women in Computing
– Information Services, and Technology
technology, research, senior
management a. Dr Anita Borg
– http://http://www.wcmh.com/wi b. Carly Fiorina
c/previous/96top100.html
• Resources for Women in
Computing, Engineering,
and the Sciences
– Learning, Formal Education,
Job Related Categories
– Internet
URL:http://www.ohsu.edu/bicc-
Library/staff/zeigenl/awsemreso
urces.html
 Some Internet Resources
• Asset
– Software Engineering and Web
Technology
– http://www.asset.com/
• CNET
– News, hardware, web building,
downloads, trends, games, jobs…
– http://home.cnet.com/
• Internet Society (ISOC)
– home for the groups responsible for
Internet infrastructure standards,
including the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF) and the Internet
Architecture Board (IAB).
– http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/
 Software Engineering Summary

• Software Engineering has

a bright future (job
opportunities) Knowledge is Power!
• The Web will be a major Do Your Best!
driver of software à Learn how to solve problems
engineering growth à Learn to communicate (verbal
• Successful software and written).
engineers will constantly Best Wishes
learn and adapt new on Your Future Endeavors!
technologies