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Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Disorders
Dissociative
Disorders
Somatic
Personality
Symptom
Disorders
Disorders
Dissociative Disorders
• Disorders in which
conscious
awareness becomes
separated
(dissociated) from
previous memories,
thoughts and
feelings.
Dissociation in the news
I’m not really running, I’m not really running… (NYTimes, Dec 6, 2007)
90
83 Percent
80
acknowledging
70
Percent in pathological
60
56 range
50
47 45
40
30 29 26 23
20 18
12 11 14
10
7 4
0 1
Missing part of Talking outloud to Feeling as Fantasy seems Hearing voices Feeling as though Not recognizing
conversation oneself thought one were real one's body is not one's reflection in
two different one's own a mirror
people
Some common examples:
➢ Driving past one’s expressway exit
➢ Not hearing your name called by instructor
➢ 3-yr old having imaginary playmate
▪ Dissociation can serve as a psychological
Dissociative escape from an overwhelmingly stressful
Disorders situation.
▪ A dissociative disorder refers to
dysfunction and distress caused by
chronic and severe dissociation.
Forms:
Loss of memory with no known physical cause;
Dissociative inability to recall selected memories or any
Amnesia: memories. Semantic memory (facts) remains in tact.
• Repression
– NOT under
voluntary control
– Mutually cognizant
• All know about the others
– One-way amnestic
• one knows of another but not the reverse
• Most common situation
When the Devil Knocks Documentary trailer –
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
DID as portrayed in the film Primal Fear
D.I.D., or DID Not?
Alternative Explanations
Evidence that D.I.D. is Real for D.I.D.
▪ Could be a negative
Different personalities reinforcement for
have involved: anxiety
▪ different brain wave ▪ A therapist’s suggestion
patterns. may lead to memories
▪ different left-right being “constructed” as a
handedness. response to leading
▪ different visual acuity questions from the
and eye muscle balance therapist.
patterns. ▪ D.I.D. in North America
Patients with D.I.D. also might be a recent
show heightened activity in cultural construction,
areas of the brain similar to the idea of
associated with managing being possessed by evil
and inhibiting traumatic spirits.
memories.
Handwriting
Samples of
Sub-
personalities
•Different
enough that
handwriting
experts believe
the samples are
made by
separate people
Often called
Schizophrenia…
why?
• Misinformed public
• The two disorders are Explaining fragmentation
profoundly different of personality from
different perspectives
– Schizophrenia – sufferers Psychoanalytic perspective:
lose touch with the diverting id
rational plane of reality – Cognitive perspective:
enter impossible worlds coping with abuse
– DID – are always in the Learning perspective:
rational world, but as dissociation pays
different people Social influence:
therapists encourage
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative There are separate, multiple
Identity Disorder personalities in the same
individual