COURSE OUTLINES UNDER SEMESTER SYSTEM

B.SC. CIVIL ENGINEERING

COURSES FOR FIRST YEAR

1st SEMESTER

CE-101 CIVIL ENGINEERING DRAWING

• Introduction of Engineering Drawing.

• Introduction to drawing instruments.
• Conceptual drawing, (Orthographic sketches).
• Sections of Structural components (beams of different types, columns, slabs etc.),
Architectural Symbols.
• Preparation of Plans, Elevations and Sections for simple buildings. Covered area
specification of various development authorities.
• Foundations, DPC Roof, Floor and other parts of a simple building.
• Design of buildings, design of a single and Double storey house, Boundary wall, Check post,
Low cost house, Stair case, Plumbing, sanitation and electrification plans for houses.

CE-102 ENGINEERING MECHANICS

• Concept of force, mass, time and space.

• Units of force, mass time and space.
• Units of measurement.
• Conditions of equilibrium of co-planer forces.
• Laws of triangle, parallelogram and polygon of forces.
• Funicular polygon.
• Free body concept.
• Types of beams, supports and loads.
• Simple cases of axial force, shear force and bending moment diagrams. Friction.
• Work and energy, Geometrical properties of plane areas.
•
CE-103 ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

• Earth surface, structure and age, dimensions, ocean floors, the interior of earth.
• Temperature and density, continental slopes and ocean ridges, plate tectonic, earth and ongm.
• Introduction to engineering geology, definition of engineering and general geology,
importance of geology to a civil engineer.
• Rock minerals and their classification. Engineering properties of soils and rocks.
• Classification of soils and rock masses
• Subsurface investigation, drilling sampling and in-situ testing of soil and rocks.
• Methods of subsurface investigation.
• Planning and supervision of geophysical investigations.
• Behavior of geological materials under static and dynamic loading.
• Definition and importance of damping for civil engineering structures.
• Earthquakes and their effects on civil engineering structures.
• Stability of rock slopes, various types of slope failures and factors effecting stability of
slopes. Causes of landslides and remedial measures.
• Engineering geology of dams, geological parameters in dam design, selection of dam sites.
• Engineering geology of tunnels. Geological survey, lining and selection of tunnels.
• Selection of tunnel site and-its requirements. Ground subsidence.
• Effects of alteration of fluid levels.
• Mining activity and its effects on surface structures.

CE-104 SURVEYING-I

• Introduction to surveying.
• Different methods of distance measurement.
• Measurement of distance by steel tapes.
• Chain Surveying.
• Leveling, Reduce levels, contouring.
• Construction and use of Theodolite.
• Traversing with theodolite and prismatic compass.
• Plane table surveying.
• Earthwork Calculation.
• Computation of volume of reservoir from contour map.
• Field and drawing office work based on above.
MA-105 MATHEMATICS-I
Solution of Non-Linear Equations
Simple Iteration, Bisectional Method, Newton's Method, Secant Method, Method of False
Position, Comparison of these methods

Finite Differences
Newton's and Gauss, Interpolating techniques for equally spaced data, Simple theorems on
divided differences, Curve fittings Methods, Numerical Differentiation and Integration.

Solution of Linear Simultaneous Equations

Gauss Elimination Method, Jacob's Methods, Gauss-Seddle Method, Sparse Matrices, Solution of
ordinary Equations, Runge Kutta Method
Interactive and transformation methods, Eigenvalues of tridiagonal matrix. Introduction to finite
element method and its applications in Civil Engg.

2nd SEMESTER

CE-106 SURVEYING-II

Theodolite, Permanent adjustments.

Traverse Survey, Adjustment of traverse, Computation of area of traverse by independent
coordinates and by DMD method.
Triangulation. Classification of triangulation operation in Triangulation.
Intervisibility of station points, Strength of figure, Quality of observations.
Weighted observation, Distribution and adjustment of errors.

Curves: simple circles, curves, compound curves, transition curves, vertical curves and reverse
curves. Computation and setting out of curves by different methods.

Tacheometry: Various Systems, Tangential and stadia methods, Problems, Applications Field
Astronomy: Introduction to geographical and Astronomical terms, Astronomical observation for
true meridian, Latitude and Longitude time
Hydrographic Surveying: Vertical control, Datums, Tide measurement, Horizontal control. The
shore framework, sounding and location of sounding, the measurement of current and flows.
Electronic and Electro optical distance measurement

Photogrammetry: Element of terrestrial and aerial Photogrammetry

Tunneling: Surveying Operations involved in tunnels.

CE-107 CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS

• Cement, Chemistry, manufacture, properties, tests, types, and hydration.

• Coarse and fine aggregate, properties of coarse and fine aggregate, different test to measure
different properties of coarse and fine aggregate.
• Introduction to the manufacture, properties, types and use of concrete.
• Lime, chemistry, manufacture, properties, test, types, Hydration.
• Ceramics and refractories, chemistry, manufacture, properties, tests, types, application of
ceramics and refractories.
• Bricks, chemistry, manufacture, properties, tests, types, applications.
• Wood, types, seasoning and preservation techniques, laminated materials, gluing and joining
techniques.
• Metals, manufacture and properties of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, hot rolling and cold
worked steels, effect of various heat treatments on the properties of steel and its alloys.
• Structural failures, induced corrosion, brittle failures of steel.
• Methods of corrosion control, Properties of thermal insulation materials for use in buildings.
CE-108 COMMUNICATION SKILLS & TECHNICAL
REOPRT WRITING

Importance & Benefits of Effective Communication, components of Communication, Concepts and

Problems of Communication, Non-verbal communication.

Short Reports
Suggestion for short reports, informational Memorandum Reports, Analytical Memorandum
Reports, Letter Reports, Informational & Analytical
Long Reports
Prefatory sections, supplemental sections, presentation of the long reports.

Proposals
Purposes, Kind and parts of proposals, Short and long proposals, Writing style and Appearance

Strategies for successful speaking & successful listening

Strategies for improving oral presentation, strategies for reducing stage, freight, strategies for
improving listing skills.

Defining Technical Writing

An Introduction to Technical Writing, Producing the product, Objective in technical Writing
Audience Recognition and Involvement

Electronic Communication
E-mail, Online help and Website.

Report strategies
Research, the summary, reports, proposals, oral presentation
MA-109 MATHEMATICS-II

• Revision of elementary differentiation and integration

• Introduction to maxima and minima of a single function.
• Points of inflection and their physical significance, related Civil Engg. examples.
• Double and triple integral and their use in Civil Engg.
• First order and special types of higher order differential equations of Civil Engg. application
and their solution.
• Algebra of matrices and determinants and their use in solving simultaneous equations.
• Elementary statistics and probability.
• Regression analysis
• Introduction to optimization

HU-110 PAKISTAN STUDIES

• Ideology of Pakistan, its Explanation
• Ideology of Pakistan in the light of Quaid-e-Azam's sayings.
• Ideology of Pakistan in the light of Allama Iqbal's sayings.
• Constitutions of 1956, 1962, 1973 Islamic provisions of constitutions.
• Fundamental Human Rights according to the U.N.O charter.
• Fundamental Human Rights / Women Rights according to Quran & Sunnah (Islamic point of
view).
• Natural Resources of Pakistan and utilization from them.
• Atomic Energy Resources, Solar Energy Resources, other Resources and utilization from
them.
• Pakistan and the Muslim World, Unity, Faith, Discipline.
World organization of the Musim RGD, Rabita-Alam, Islamic Mutamir Alam, Islamic EGO, OIC.
 COURSES FOR SECOND YEAR

3rd SEMESTER

CE-201 FLUID MECHANICS-I

Properties of Fluid Mechanics

Introduction to Fluid Mechanics, Fluid Kinematics, Fluid Dynamics and Hydraulics, Distinction
between solids and fluids and liquids and Gases, Brief description of physical properties: Density,
specific volume, specific weight, specific gravity and compressibility, ideal and real fluids.
Viscosity, Newton's Law of Viscosity, Types of Fluids, Units of Viscosity, Measurement of
Viscosity, Surface Tension.

Fluid Statics
Pressure, Pressure-specific Relationship, Absolute and Gauge Pressure, Measurement of
Pressure, Bourdon Gauge, Pressure Transducer, Piezometer, Simple Manometer, Differential
Manometer. Forces on submerged planes and curved surfaces and their application, Buoyancy
and stability of submerged and Floating Bodies.

Kinematics of fluid Flow

Basic concepts about steady and unsteady flow, laminar and turbulent flow and Uniform and Non-
Uniform Flow, Path Line, streamline, Streak line and stream Type, Flow Rate and Velocity,
Equation of Continuity for compressible and incompressible Fluids.
Energy consideration in Steady Flow
Different forms of Energy in flowing liquid, Bernoulli's Equation and its application, Head, Free
& Forced Vortex.

Flow Measurement
Measurement of Static Pressure and Velocity, Measurement of Discharge, Orifices, Nozzles and
Mouthpieces, Venturimeter, Sharp-Crested Weirs and Notches.

Steady Incompressible Flow in Pressure Conduits

Darcy-Weisbach equation for flow in pipes, Empirical formulae for pipe flow, Losses in
pipelines, Hydraulic Grade Line and Energy Line, Solution of pipe flow problems, Transmission
of Energy through pipes.

Steady Flow in Open Channels

Chezy's and Manning's equations. Bazin's and Kutter's formulae, Most economical cross-section for
open channels.

CE-202 PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE

Introduction
Batching, Mixing, transportation and placing of concrete, Properties of fresh and hardened concrete,
testing of concrete for various properties. Compaction and curing of concrete. Introduction to use of
additives and admixtures in concrete, strength evaluation of existing concrete structures, Quality
control in concrete construction, industrialized construction, Rehabilitation and strengthening of
existing structures. Design of Concrete mixes.
CE-203 CIVIL ENGINEERING PRACTICE

• Earth moving, labour versus machinery. Factors affecting selection of construction

equipment. Principle and use of common earth moving machinery required for different
purposes (digging, hauling and compaction etc.)
• Stone crushers, Machines for cleaning and grading of aggregates, Concrete mixers, vibrators
and pneumatic tools, Introduction to tunneling, Piles and cofferdams, Form work and
shuttering. Defects and remedial measures in construction, Principal defects and diagnosis of
causes.
• Forms for Conc. structures, Form requirements, cost of forms, designing a project for form
economy, materials for forms, size of form section, properties of lumber, Fundamental form
design.
• Foundation grouting: Need for grouting, exploring to determine the need for grouting,
materials used for grout, drilling patterns, drilling injection holes, preparations for grouting,.
Washing the seams, grouting pressures, equipment for cement grouting, injecting cement
grout, pressure grouting with asphalt, clay grouting, chemical grouting, determine the
effectiveness of grouting.)
• Introduction to work and tendering.

MA-204 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

• Errors in Computation
Introduction, Error and their sources, Truncation Error, Absolute, relative and percentage
error.

• Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of Matrices

Introduction, Eigenvalues and eigenvectors

• Interpolation with Unequally Space Date

Introduction, The error of the interpolation polynomial, Divided differences

• Interpolation with Equally Space Date

 The difference table, Newton's forward and backward difference formulae, Gauss formulae

• The Solution of Nonlinear Equations

Bisection method, The method of false position or regula falsi method, Secant method,
Newton-Raphson method

• Difference Equations
Difference Equations

• Solution of System Of Linear Equations (Direct Method)

Introduction, Gauss's elimination method, LU decomposition, Cholesky's method

• Solution of System Of Linear Equations (Indirect Method)

Iterative methods, Jacobi iterative method, Gauss seidel iterative method

• Numerical Differentiation
Introduction, Numerical differentiation formulae based on equally space data, Numerical
differentiation formulae based on Newton's forward differences, Numerical differentiation
formulae based on Newton's backward differences, Numerical differentiation formulae based
on Lagrange's formula.

• Numerical Integration
Numerical Integration, The trapezoidal rule with error term, Simpson's 1/3 rule with error
term, Simpson's 3/8 rule with error term.

• Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations

Euler's method, Modified Euler method, Runge-Kutta methods.

• C++ Programming Basics

Basic Programme Construction, Output using cout, Directives, Comments, Interger
Constants, Initialization, Input with cin, Floating point types, The setw Manipulator,
Arithmetic Operators, Library Functions.
 • Loops and Decisions
Loops, Decision, Logical Operators, Percentage Summary, Other control statement

• Structure
Structures, Simple Structures, Declaring Structures, Defining a Structure Variable, Accessing
Structure Features, A Measurement Example

• Function
Simple function, Passing Arguments to Functions, Returning Values from Functions.

• Object and Classes

A simple class, C++ objects as data types, Constructors

• Arrays and Strings

Array fundamentals, Array of Strings, The Standard C++ string class

• Operator Overloading

HU-105 ISLAMIC STUDIES

• Quran and Sunnah
• Al Hadith Al Sharif
• Den-e-Islam, The study of cardinals articles of faith
• Serahtun Nabi
• Islam and Modern Science
 4th SEMESTER

CE-206 THEORY OF STRUCTURES-I

• Introduction to Structural Analysis

Definition, types of structures, structural idealization, loads.

• Determinacy, indeterminacy and stability of structures, analysis of determinate trusses,

Common types of trusses, classification of coplanar trusses. Method of joints, Method of
sections, Graphical method for analysis.

• Analysis of Statically determinate Rigid jointed plane frame

Determinacy and stability of plane frames. Analysis, (sign convention etc), Shear & bending
moment diagrams of frames.

• Deflection
Deflection diagrams and elastic curves, Energy methods to compute deflections,
Castigliano's theorem for trusses, beams and frames, Principle of virtual work for trusses,
beams and frames.

• Moving Loads
Influence lines for statically determinate beams and panelled girders. Influence lines for
shear reaction and bending moment for beams and panelled girder, influence lines for axial
forces in trusses. Calculation of Maximum stress functions i.e. reaction shear and bending
moment in a simply supported beam due to series of moving loads, absolute maximum
bending moment and its evaluation.

• Arches, Cables and suspension bridges.

Three hinged parabolic and circular arches, Influence line for 3-hinged arches, Introduction
to cables and suspension bridges. Analysis of indeterminate beams by 3 moment equation.
CE-207 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS-I

• Types of stresses and strains, Statically determinate and indeterminate compatibility

problems, Compound bars.
• Temperature stresses, advanced cases of shearing forces and bending Moment Diagrams for
determinate beams.
• Principle of Superposition.
• Relationship between load, shear force and bending moment
• Theory of simple bending,
• Distribution of shear stresses in beams of symmetrical sections.
• Deflection of beams using double integration, moment area and conjugate beam methods.,--
Combined bending & direct stresses, columns, types and different formulae for critical load.
Torsion of circle section.
• Strain energy due to direct load, shear, bending and torsion, Impact loads.

CE-208 SOIL MECHANICS-I

Soil and its constituents:

Weathering of rocks and types of soil, Physical properties, e.g., water content, void-ratio, porosity,
degree of saturation, specific gravity, unit weight and their determination, MassV olume
relationships.

Soil Classification:

Importance of soil classification, Atterberg limits, grain size distribution, sieve analysis, hydrometric
analysis, Unified and AASHTO classification and description of their subgroups

Soil Exploration:
Purpose of soil exploration, soil exploration methods, probing test, trenches and pits, Auger
boring, Wash boring, Rotary drilling, Soil samples, Distributed and undistributed samples

Permeability and capillarity:

Definition, Darcy's law, Factors affecting permeability, Laboratories and field determination of
permeability, Capillarity and effects, bulking of sand, slabing of clay, frost heave and its
prevention, Theory of flow nets.
Compaction:

Definition, Compaction fundamentals, Moisture density relationship, Compaction standard, Factors

affecting compaction, Field control and measurements of in-situ density, Effect of compaction on
properties of soil.

Shear Strength:
Concept, Shear strength parameters, Coulomb's law, shear strength of cohesive and noncohesive
soils, Simple laboratory and field tests for determination of shear strength Consolidation: Mechanics
of consolidation, Theory of one dimensional consolidation, assumptions and validity, Oedometer test
and graphical presentation of data, Compression index, Coefficient of compressibility, Time factor,
Co-efficient of volume change and degree of consolidation, Primary and secondary consolidation.

CE-209 DRAWING ESTIMATION & CONSTRUCTION

Estimation:
Need for Estimation, Essential Qualities of a good Estimator, Site condition affecting Estimate,
Rough Cost Estimate, Detailed Estimate, Engineer's Estimate, Contractor's Estimate, Progress
Estimate, Separate/Individual Wall method, Units & Description of Common items of work in
Building Construction, Detailed Estimation of some simple buildings.

Construction:
Brick Masonry, Types & Sizes of bricks, Common Definitions regarding Brick Masonry, Bonds
and its types, Stone Masonry, Rubble Masonry, Ashlar Masonry, Comparison of
Stone and Brick Masonries, Pre-Construction Site Works, Site Survey, Profile Boards, Excavation,
Safety in Excavation, Site Selection, Orientation of Buildings, Dampness, its causes and remedies.
Plastering and its types, Pointing, Joints in Buildings, Maintenance of Buildings. Doors and its
types, Roofs and its types, Floors and its types, Stair-case and its types.
Practice Drawing Sheets

1. Middle School
2. 3-bed house
3. Double storey house
4. Underground Water Tank
5. Retaining Wall
6. Box Culvert
7. Excavation Plan
8. Student's Hostel
9. Shopping Plaza

HU-210 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Importance of softwares in civil engineering.

Civil Engineering Drawing Software (AutoCAD)-Graphical user interface, different
Coordinate system, direct entry method, gaining drawing strategies, Layers, history of
layers, assigning of layers, generating elevations and sections, working with hatches and
fills, controlling text in the drawing, dimensioning and printing a drawing.
Civil Engineering management software (MS Project)-Definition of project, planning of project
activities, create phases and sub-phases in a project, milestones, Work breakdown structure codes,
structuring tasks into a logical outlines, identifying resource requirements and set working times,
set resource costs, managing progress of the project. Introduction to computer applications like
Sewer CAD, C-language.
 COURSES FOR THIRD YEAR

5th SEMESTER

CE-301 THOERY OF STRUCTURES-II

• Strain Energy Methods, Method of least work, Method of consistent deformation, and their
application in statically indeterminate beams, frames, trusses and two hinged arches. Clark
Maxwell and Betti's theorems.
• Column Analogy Method.
• Approximate analysis of indeterminate structures.
• Influence lines for fixed ended and continuous beams.
• Slope deflection method.
• Application to indeterminate beams and frames.
• Moment Distribution method.
• Application to indeterminate beams & frames.
• Introduction to Plastic Analysis.

CE-302 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS-II

• Analysis of Stress at a point due to combined effect of axial force, shear force and bending
moment
• Mohr's circle for stresses and strains
• Relationship between elastic constants.
• Thin & thick cylinders
• Symmetrical bending
• Eccentric walled loaded columns.
• Theories of failure
• Shear stress distribution in unsymmetrical beams
• Introduction to bending and buckling of plates.
CE-303 SOIL MECHANICS-II

Permeability
Permeability through stratified layer of soils. Seepage, Quick sand conditions, Design of filters.

Stress Distribution
Westergard and Boussineq's theories. Pressure bulb, stress distribution diagram on horizontal and
vertical planes. Stress at a point outside the loaded area. New mark's influenceCharts. Vertical
stresses due to a line and strip loads. Fadum's charts, approximate method.

Consolidation
Normally consolidated and over-consolidated clays. Determination of pre-consolidation
pressure. Time-settlement diagrams. Settlement analysis. Theories of settlement of building.

Earth Pressures
Active and passive earth pressure. Pressure at rest. Coulomb's and Rankine's theories. Pencelete
method. Coulmann's method.

Bearing Capacity
Definition. Sources of obtaining bearing capacity. Pre-sumptive values. Plate loading and
penetration tests. Terzaghi's theory and analysis. Hanson's theory, effect of water table.

Stability of Slopes
Types of slopes, Factors affecting stability, Methods of stability analysis. Types of failure and
remedial measurements.

Soil Stabilization
Basic principles and objectives. Various methods of soil stabilization.

Earthen Dams
Types of dams. Components and functions, earth dams. General design consideration and typical
cross-section.
CE-304 CONSTRUCTION PLANNING & MANAGMENT

Planning & Scheduling

Network Techniques, Arrow Diagram, Node Diagram, Critical Path, Types of Floats, CPM
Calculations, Bar Chart, Time Scaled Diagrams, Resource Leveling, Resource Allocation,
Network Compression, Types of Costs, PERT.

Management
Project, Management, Qualities of a good Manager, Scope Triangle, Types of Management Creeps,
S-Curve and its types, Project Failures, Techniques of Construction Planning, Pre-tender, Planning,
Pre-construction, Planning, Method Statements.

Economics
Definitions of Engg. Economics, Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Joint Stock Companies, Fund-
raising for Joint Stock Companies, Types of Banks, Site Selection for Factories, Types of Markets,
Value, Utility, Competition and its types, Monopoly and its types, Supply Schedule, Demand
Schedule, Forecasting Techniques.

CE-305 HYDROLOGY & WATER RESOURCES

Introduction
Water resources in Pakistan. Hydrologic cycle and equation of continuity. Water budget.
Assessment of groundwater resources. Introduction of dams and barrages.

Precipitation
Types of precipitation. Factors necessary for the formation of precipitation, Measurement of
precipitation. Interpretation of precipitation data.

Evaporation and Transpiration

Factors affecting evaporation. Measurement of Evaporation. Potential evapotranspiration.

Stream Flow
Water stage and its measurement. Selection of site for stage record. Selection of control and
metering section. Methods of measurement of stream flow. Interpretation of stream flow data.

Runoff
Factors affecting runoff. Estimating the volume of storm runoff.
Hydrographs
Characteristics of hydro graphs. Components of a hydro graph. Hydrograph separation.
Estimating the volume of direct run off. Introduction to unit hydro graph concept.

Steam flow routing

Introduction to flood, frequency and duration analysis.
Introduction to Ground Water Flow
Sources and discharge of ground water. Water table and artesian aquifer, The Thiem formula and its
application to aquifer tests.

Introduction to modeling
Physical models. Analogue models. Numerical models

6th SEMESTER

CE-306 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-I

• Introduction to the environmental Engineering.

• Water consumption for various purposes, Estimation demands for water supply, variation in
demand. Fire demand. Forecasting population.
• Water distribution system.
• Use of Hazen William formula for design purpose.
• Distribution network design service Reservoirs.
• Different types of pipes and pipe material. Pipe joints, service connection, valves and other
appurtenances.
• Water survey: tracing leakages.
• Relationship of sewerage and water supply system.
• System sewerage.
• Quantity and quality of sanitary sewage.
• Storm sewage.
• Sewer hydraulics.
• Design of sewer system. Material and construction of sewers. Sewer appurtenances and
sewage pumping.
• Principles of waste water treatment: screening: grit removal sedimentation, standard and high
rate biological filtration: activated sludge process: mechanical and diffused aeration:
Oxidation ponds: aerated lagoons, sludge digestion and drying. In half and septic tank.
CE-307 REINFORCED CONCRETE-I

• Mechanics of reinforced concrete

• Behavior of reinforced concrete at working and ultimate loads.
• Design of simple beams and slabs by working stress method.
• Design of simple beams and slabs by ultimate strength design method.
• Analysis and design of T beam, Doubly reinforced beam and continuous beams by Ultimate
strength design method (USD).
• Analysis and design of one-way and two-way simple and continuous slabs by Ultimate
strength design method (USD).
• Safety and serviceability provision
• Shear strength in beams and design of shear reinforcement. Bond in concrete and
development length.
• Design for axial compression and tension.

CE-308 DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES

Introduction to steel as a structural material, hot rolled, cold formed and built up sections. Objectives
of designer and selection design criteria. Introduction to various methods of design. Fundamentals of
allowable stress design Methods

Introduction:
Strength analysis and design of simple tension, compression, flexural members and connections.

LRFD Method of Design:

Factor of safety, loads and load combination. Concept of load and resistance factors, plastic design
and limits on design. Analysis and design of tension members, calculation of net area. Analysis and
design of columns, lacing and stay plates. Residual stresses, local and overall stability, Euler's
buckling load in columns. Analysis and design of beams, compact, non-compact and slender
sections, lateral torsional buckling. Beameolumn and axial-flexure interaction, second order effects,
moment magnification. Plate girder proportioning and stiffener including drawings. Welded, bolted
and riveted truss connections, brackets, moment and shear connections. Design and drawing of a
truss, purlin, roof sheet, end bearing plate. Uplift of truss due to wind.
CE-309 FLUID MECHANICS-II

Fluid flow in pipes.

Reynold's number and its significance. Instability of viscous flow. Viscous flow through circular
pipes.
Turbulence flow through circular pipes. Semi-empirical theories of turbulence. Velocity profile
in turbulent flow. Pipe roughness. Nikurades's experiments. Moody's diagrams, Introduction to
pipe networks.

Dimensional Analysis
Rayleigh and Buckingham's Pi-theorem and their applications.

Elementary Hydro-dynamics
Ideal and real fluid. Differential equation of continuity. Rotational and irrotational flow. Stream
function and velocity potential function. Circulation and vorticity. Orthogonality of streamlines and
equipotential lines. Brief description of flow fields. Flow net and its limitations. Different methods
of drawing a flow net.

Forces on Immersed Bodies.

Theoretical concept of boundary layers. Development of boundary layer on immersed bodies.
Separation of boundary layer.

Forces on Vanes and Turbo machinery.

Impulse momentum equation.

Forces on moving flat and curved vanes. Definition, similarity laws and factors for
turbomachines.
Types of turbines,
Impulse turbine: Construction, features and operations, specific speed.
Reaction Turbine, Types, construction, features and operation, specific speed. Cavitation. Draft
tube.
Governing of turbines.

Centrifugal Pumps: Classification. Construction features and operations, Specific speed,

Cavitation.

Reciprocating Pumps. Single acting and double acting pumps. Acceleration head. Maximum suction
lift. Use of air vessels.

CE-310 TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING-I

Introduction
• Highway Planning
• An Approach to Urban Highway Planning
• Location Survey in Rural & Urban Areas, Location Controls Elements of a Typical Cross-
Section of Road
• Types of Cross-Section
• Classification of Highways
• Highway Materials, Types & Characteristics, Specification & tests. Highway Drainage
• Geometric Design
• Horizontal Curves
• Vertical Curves
• Grade Line
• Super Elevation
• Transition Curve
• Curve Widening
• Sight Distance Requirements

Traffic Engineering
• Design Speed
• Traffic Estimates
• Traffic Lane. Capacity
• Traffic Survey
• Road Signs & Signals
• Channelization
• Design of Intersection at Grade & Grade Separated Intersections Drivers Characteristics
• Traffic Control devices
• Parking and Accident Studies
• Traffic Management
• Highway Safety
Railway Engineering
• Elements of Track. Types of Gauge;
• Types of Rail Sections. Rail Joints. Creep and Wear of Rail
• Fish Plate, Bearing Plates and Check Rails.
• Types of Sleepers, their Merits and Demerits, Sleeper Density,
• Spacing and Stiffness of Track
• Types of Ballast. Requirements for a Good Ballast, Renewal of a Ballast. Formation of
Single and Double Track.
• Selection of Site for a Railway Station. Layout of Stations and
• Yards. Points and Crossings. Various Layouts Signaling and Inter-Locking.
• Modem Methods for Construction of Tracks. Maintenance, Tools and Organization.

COURSES FOR FINAL YEAR

7th SEMESTER

CE-401 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-II

• Water Consumption, Variation in water demands, Design Period, Population Forecasting,
Design Area, Pressure Zoning, Water Distribution Techniques, Types of Water Supply Pipes,
Valves, Dead-end system, Grid iron system, Design of water supply scheme by Hardy Gross
method, Leakage Test, Equivalent Pipes.

• Types of Sewers, Separate Sewerage System, Combined System, Estimation of discharge for
Storm Sewerage, Invert Levels, Types of Sewerage Pipes, Defects in Concrete Pipes,
Bedding, Jointing, Manhole, Drop Manhole, Pumping Station, Design of Wet Well, BOD,
COD, BOD Tests, Physical Properties of Sewage, Population Equivalent.

• Air Pollution, Air Pollutants and Meteorological Conditions affecting Air pollution,
atmospheric Dispersion Model, Vehicular Air Pollutions.

• Noise Pollution, Sound Power, Sound levels, Sound Intensity, Ambient Noise Standards,
Noise Level During Festivals.
 • Sampling and Analysis of Air and Water Pollutants,

• Solid Waste Management, Characteristics, Collection, Processing and Disposal of Solid

Wastes.

• Water Pollution Control, Preliminary and Primary Treatment Processes, Biological

Treatment, Drinking Water treatment.

CE-402 REINFORCED CONCRETE-II

• Analysis & design of axially loaded columns, eccentrically loaded columns by USD Analysis
& design of strip footing for wall, spread footings for columns and combined footings by
USD.
• Design of retaining wall.
• Introduction to limit states.
• Detailing of reinforcement.
• Introduction to design of staircases and water-tanks.

CE-403 HYDRAULICS ENGINEERING

Steady flow in open channels.

Specific energy and critical depth.
Surface profiles and back water curves in channels of uniform section. Hydraulic jump and its
practical application.
Flow over hums and through contractions.
Critical depth meters: Broad crested weir, Venturi-flume.

Unsteady Flow
Discharge through orifices and over weirs under varying heads. Unsteady flow through pipelines.
Water hammer Instantaneous and slow closure of valves.
Surges in open channels.

Dams
Brief description of various types of storage dams. Forces on dams.
Design of gravity dams.
Hydraulics Similitude
Similitude in hydraulic model testing.
Similitude requirements: Geometric, kinematic and dynamic similarity. Various dimensionless
numbers and their significance
Model technique and analysis.

Sediment Transport in Open Channels.

Properties of individual particles.
Fall velocity
Movement of bed and suspended load. Collection and analysis of field data

Water Power Engineering

Selection of waterpower sites
Components and layout of waterpower scheme

CE-404 TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING-II

Highway Engineering
• The Pavement.
• Types of Pavement
• The Principal of Pavement Design
• Two Approaches to Pavement Design.
• Pavement Design standards.
• Axle loads, Equivalent Single Axle load.
• Classification of Commercial vehicles.
• Axle Loading of Commercial Vehicles.
• The Influence of Axle Configuration and Loading on the Damaging effect. Contact Area
Between the Tyre and the Road.
• Repetition and Impact Factors.
• Load distribution characteristics.
• Methods of pavement design.
• AASHTO pavement design method.
• Group index method
• C.B.R. Method.
• Westergaurd method
• Resilient behavior of unbound granular materials.
• Pavement failures, construction and maintenance.
• Pavement evaluation and rehabilitation.
• Introduction to non-destructive testing.
Runway Engineering
• Airport Planning
• Type & elements of Airport planning, Factors affecting airport site selection Runway lighting
• Airport drainage systems Air-characteristics.
• Characteristics of transport category aircraft.
• The effect of aircraft performance on runway Length.
• Various runway, configuration.
• Comparison of Highway and airport pavements.

CE-405 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING

Definition, Purpose of foundation and their types, General requirements of foundations,

Factors governing the depth of footing, Selection of foundation type, Design aspects of
isolated, combined and strap foundation, Raft Foundation, Settlement of foundation,
Causes of settlement, Uniform and differential settlement, Differential settlement cracks
and their control, Proportioning of footing for a given settlement or equal settlement,
dewatering of foundations for construction, Introduction to deep foundations, Types of
piles, Load carrying capacity of piles, Group action of piles, Negative skin friction, Pile
load tests.

CE-406(A) PROJECT
 8th SEMESTER

CE-407 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

Prestressed concrete
Prestressed VS reinforced concrete.
Types of prestressing.
Losses in prestressing.
Analysis and design of simple prestressed concrete members. Introduction to various prestressing
systems.

Bridge Engineering
Types of bridges. Site selection.
Bridge loadings. Load distribution on bridge deck. Introduction to design of deck for a simple
concrete bridge.

Advanced Structural Analysis

Definition of matrices and determinants. Stiffness method.
Truss element, Beam clement, Plantation of stiffness sub matrices of multiple ended members.
Flexibility Method.
Introduction to structural dynamics.

CE-408 IRRIGATION ENGINEERING

Introduction
Definition and Type of Irrigation. Water resources for irrigation; ground water, surface water.
Irrigation system of Pakistan.

Canal Irrigation

Elementary concept about canal head works, selection of their site and layout. Weirs and barrages;
various components and functions.
Design of weirs on permeable foundations, sheet piles and well foundation, cut off wails.
Measures adopted to control silt entry into canals; silt ejectors and silt excluders. Design of
irrigation channel
Kennedy's and Lacy's theories.
Irrigation Works
Canal head regulators, meter flumes, outlets and cross drainage works; their types and function
Canal lining; advantages, types.
Maintenance of irrigation canals

Irrigated Agriculture
Water requirements of crops. Duty of irrigation water.
Delta of crops. Consumptive use, and common formula for its determination.

Irrigation methods and practice

Soil survey and land classification.

Reservoirs:
Brief description of various types of storage reservoir and their site selection.
Water logging and salinity

CE-409 DESIGN OF STRUCTURES

• Specifications and codes of practice.

• Choice and fauns of structures for various conditions.
• Drawing office practice for preparation of detailed drawings.
• Analysis, design and preparation of working drawings of steel and concrete structures
Introduction to basics of earthquake resistant design.
CE-410 COMPUTER AIDED ANALYSIS & DESIGN

Introduction to finite element analysis. Modelling of plane frame, Modeling of floor structure
subjected to Area Load, Modelling of portal frame steel structure with concrete footing,
Modelling of Load-Dependent structure where the structural condition changes for different load
cases. Applications of support displacement load on space frame structure, Modelling of
prestress loading in a plane frame structure, Modelling of structures with offset connections,
Concrete analysis & Design of space frame structure, Analysis, Design of space frame with
floor, flat plates and shear wall using finite elements, Analysis & Design of water retaining
structures, Dynamic analysis (Response spectrum & time history). Analysis of space frame for
seismic loads, Analysis of space frame for wind, Modelling of space frame using mesh
generation command. Modeling of space structure subjected to moving loads, Analysis & design
of space frame structures sitting on all types of foundations. Modeling of Domed cylindrical
structure, Analysis of Bridge with moving loads. Frame shear wall interaction. Barrel vaulted
Structure. Beam & Slabs on elastic foundation. Wall resisting Hydrostatic pressure.

CE-406(B) PROJECT