UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Physiology of the
Respiratory system
Group 5
Gaña, Justin Joseph S.
Guiam, Jamilette Gerardine N.
Jusay, Joanna Marie M.
Lin, Deni
SCITAMA
Introduction

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Blausen_0770_RespiratorySystem_02.png/1280px-Blausen_0770_RespiratorySystem_02.png
Introduction

 In the cellular level, done by mitochondria by oxidizing glucose to

produce ATP, consuming Oxygen and releasing Carbon Dioxide.
 Bulk flow and diffusion of Oxygen
 Works in tandem with the Circulatory System
 One of the most important metabolic processes
Introduction
Respiratory System
 Lungs – Carry out the exchange of gases
 Trachea- filters air we breathe in
 Bronchi- carry airs to lungs
 Bronchioles- Connecting Pathway
 Alveolar sacs = Gas Exchange
 Diaphragm- main muscle used for breathing
Materials and Methods

(A) Stethograph
(B) Marey’s Tambour with
condom
(C) Kymograph
Materials and Methods

Normal Voluntary
Deglutition Breath-holding Exercise
breathing Hyperventilation
Results and Discussion
Regular Breathing
Results and Discussion
Regular Breathing

Inspiration
 Chest expands while stethograph extends due to drop in pressure
 Downward movement of writing stylus
 fills the alveoli with fresh atmospheric air

Expiration
 recoil of the stethograph due to increase in pressure in the tambour
 Upward Movement of writing stylus
 removes stale air, has reduced oxygen and increased carbon dioxide
concentrations
Results and Discussion
Drinking Water
Results and Discussion
Deglutition Apnea
• Breathing temporarily stops during intake of water which is followed by normal
breathing

• Due to:

 Closure of glottis- helps in the passage of food

and water to the esophagus;
 prevents entry of food materials into respiratory
track

https://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/final/deck/4925488
Results and Discussion
Small Breathing

14.31 seconds till breaking point

Results and Discussion
Deep Breathing

18.18 seconds till breaking point

Results and Discussion
Breath-Holding

Pal, G. K. (2001). Textbook of practical physiology. Orient Blackswan.

Results and Discussion
Voluntary Hyperventilation

 Increase in the rate and depth of respiration

 followed by a temporary cessation of breathing , followed by periodic breathing.
 Apnea followed by hyperpnea
 Lowers the PCO2 in blood, which increases the blood pH
Results and Discussion
Exercise

 increased concentrations of CO2 are produced by body cells due to increased cellular respiration;
 stimulates the medullary respiratory centers and the respiratory depth increases first. With further
exercise and increased PCO2 both rate and depth increase.
Conclusion

Observed breathing patterns resulting from different physical activities vary

however, all of them regulate CO2, O2, and H+ for homeostasis.
References

 Moyes, C. D. & Schulte, P. M. (2008). Respiratory systems. In Moyes, C. D. & Shulte, P.

M. (Eds.), Principles of animal physiology (pp. 442-497). San Fransico, CA: Pearson
Education
 Pal, G. K. (2001). Textbook of practical physiology. Orient Blackswan.
Results and Discussion
Breath-Holding

 Respiration is voluntarily held for a temporary period of time.

 Rapid increase of pCO2 in blood
 “ Breaking point” – Voluntary Control is overruled