. ..

n:~~;
-:-D

3.8

Prepa"ratory Function (G-code) Table

Available G-codes to FS 15MA B : Basic
G-Code. Table (1/2) 0.: Option
Code Group Function
,.. GOO Positioning 8
,.. GOI 01 linear interpolation B
G02 Circular interpolation CW(clockwle) 8
G03 Circular interpolation CCW(counter clockwise) 8
G04 Dwell B
G09 00 Exact stop 8
<310 Data setting B
,.. G17 Where; 8
XpYp plane Xp: X aXIsor the parallel a)(l
G18 02 ZpXp plane Yp.:Y axiS or the parallel ax'S 8

G19 YpZp plane Zp: Z axis or the parallel aXIs 8 "-

<320 Inchinput . 0
06
<321 Metric input 0
,.. <322 Stored stroke check function ON 0
04
G23 Stored stroke check function OFF 0
<327 Reference point return check 8
G28 Reference point return check B
00
G29 Return from reference point B
<330 Second. third or fourth reference point return )
G30.1 Floating reference point return 8
G40 Tool radius compensation cancel 8
G41 07 Tool radius compensation left B
G42 Tool radius compensation right 8
G43 Tool length compensation + B
08
G44 Tool length compensation - B

G4S .Tool position offset increase o

.
G46 Tool position offset decrease o
00
G47 Tool position offset double increase o
G48 Tool position offset double decrease o
,.. G49 08 B
Jool length compensation cancel
GSO Scaling cancel o
11
GS1 Scaling o
,.. G50.1 o
Programmable mirror i'mage .cancel
18
GS1.1 Programmable mirror image o

G52 . Local coordinate system setting B

00 B
G53 Machine coordin;He system selection

-'--

...,- .,.
1 -
 G-Code Table (2/2)

Code Group Function

-.:....-..
.'" G54. Work coor,dlnate system 1 selection B

G55 Work coordinate system 2 s~lection' B

G56 Work coordinate system 3 selection 8

14
G57 Work coordinate system 4 selection B
GSP. Work coordinate system 5 selection B

GS9 Work coordinate system 6, selection

8
G60 00 Single direction positioning 8
G61 Exact stop mode B
G62 Automatic corner override o
IS B
G63 Tapping mode
G64 Cutting mode B
G65 00 Macro call .. o
G66 Macro modal call A o
G66.1 12 Macro modal call 8 o
G67 Macro modal call A I B cancel o
G68 Coordinate rotation o
16
G69 Coordinate rotation cancel o
G72.1 Rotation copy o
00
,. 'G72.2 Parallel copy o
, G73 Peck drilling cycle B
G74 'Left.handed tapping cycle B
G76 Fine boring cycle B
r- G60 Canned cycle cancel B
G61 Drilling cycle. spot boring cycle B
G82 Drilling cycle. counter boring B

-
G83
G84
09 Peck drilling cycle
Tapping cycle
B
B
G84.2 Rigid tapping cycle o
G84.3 Rigid counter tapping cycle o
G65 Boring cycle B

-
G66
G87
Bori,ngcycle
Backboring cycle
B
B
G66 BOringcycle B
G69 Boring cycle B
'G9O Absolute command B
03
G91 Incrementa! command B
G92 Alternation' of work-coordinate system B
00
G92.1 Work coordinate preset B
G96 Canned cycle Initial level return B
10
G99 Canned cycle reference pOint level return B

".
..;' .
 List of M Codes
.,MAKINO
List of M Codes

1.2 List of M Codes

MO Program Stop
M1 Optional Stop
M2 End of Program
M3 Spindle CW Start
M4 Spindle CCW Start
,'I'j,
M5 Spindle Stop
M6 Automatic Tool Change
M7 Mist Coolant/Air Blow ON
M8 Nozzle Coolant ON
M9 Coolant OFF
M10 4th Axis Clamp
M11 4th Axis Unclamp
M12 5th Axis Clamp
M13 5th Axis Unclamp
M14 BTS Arm Advance (Movable BTS), Tool Length Sensor Cover Open
M16 4th Axis Mirror Image ON
M18 BTS Arm Retract (Movable BTS), Tool Length Sensor Cover Close
M19 Spindle Orientation Stop
M20 BTS Check
M21 X Axis Mirror Image ON \-,'.
"\1
M22 Y Axis Mirror Image ON
M23 Mirror Image OFF
M26 Through Spindle Coolant ON
M27 Tap Oil Mist, Tap Oil Jet Mode On
M29 Unconditional Power Out
M30 Part Program End and Repeat
M31 Workpiece Auto Measuring Mode
M32 Tool Length Auto Measuring Mode
M33 Tool Length Circuit Check
M34 Workpiece Auto Measuring Spare Tool Call
M35 Workpiece Auto Measuring Pallet Unload
M36 Prior Tool Check
M37 Tool Data Register Mode OFF
M38 AC/SL Data Temporary Alter Mode ON
M39 AC/SL Data Temporary Alter Mode OFF

No. 0584C-0405 1-3

 List of M Codes
List of M Codes
o MAKINO

M41 SL Coefficient Setting 125%

M42 SL Coefficient Setting 150%
M43 SL Coefficient Setting 200%
M44 SL and AC Coefficient 0%

III
M45 Tool Length Circuit Check
I
M46 SL Lower Limit Coefficient Setting 125%
I
'
Ii I
M47 SL Lower Limit Coefficient Setting 0%
M48 M49 Mode Cancel
M49 Feedrate Override Cancel
M50 AC Coefficient 100%, SL Coefficient 200%
M51 Auto Reject Mode ON (M52 Mode Cancel)
M52 Auto Reject Mode OFF (Reject Inhibit for Alarm)
M54 Tool Offset Data Negative Register Mode
M56 Tool Offset Data Transfer Command
M57 Tool No. Register Mode
M58 M59 Mode Cancel
M59 Spindle Speed Override Cancel
M60 Pallet Change
M61 Pallet Change
M62 Pallet Change
M63 Pallet Change
M64 Pallet Change
M65 Pallet Change
M74 Custom Macro Interruption Invalid
M75 Custom Macro Interruption Valid
M77 Through Spindle Air ON
M80 Pallet Change
,.,;"
M84 Pallet 1 Load Check
M85 Auto Measuring Approach Mode
M86 Auto Measuring Rapid Mode
M88 APC Shutter Open 'Yj,
M89 APC Shutter Close
M94 Tool Data Delete Mode ON
M95 Pallet 2 Load Check
M97 Ceiling Shower Coolant ON
M98 Sub Program Call
M99 Return to Main Program
M100 Cleaning Air Off

1-4
.. «.
 - ----

Through this course, participants will : -

./ know the functions of basic G codes and M codes. .

./ ableto write simple programs.

./ understand how programs are transferred to m.achine. -W)

./ knowledge on setting up of work piece.

./ able to edit and run programs on a machine safely.

./ have sufficient practice on both programming and hands on

machining.

./ Guidelines on safe programming will be taught.

.,~.
 >:-~~_:.,- "'F\:0-:~"'-~"--'-

....

What is Programming
./ Programming is the process of creating a set of commands such,
as cutter movement, feedrate and spindle speed, in order for the
machine to perform some operations.

~.
./ When programming, always base on the principle that only the
cutter moves while the workpiece is fixed. <,.,C\.

.Ii
"

"
'i; Types of Communications
./ ONC link - a software that allows programs to be transferred from
computer to machine & vice versa, using RS232 cable. Machine
can run on drip feed mode when memory space on the controller
is not enough. Therefore machine is dependent on computer.

./ Networking - using company network to link with computers and

1~~:
machines' data server. Programs can be sent or received from
"
computers or machines easily.
. },~.~,#'.
.. ' .......
, ,

Programming Flow Workpiece drawing

Select 111achine, fixture,

,
cutters & holders

Pl~ocessplanning (rough & finish)

0.1.

.?:;
Machining conditions f".

<.of .,".;', '(,'

I'i-
.':~~~: .I
:u..
:;'~j'
i' . ~t
,i ...
Generate tool path
. ~ '

;~!'f1i
and progran1
.~~
,"-'r.

';.;.
:~"'~.
.~:! i~

1';),
~~
~~~
"''''':',.
... ':"if~I;t.

~
'"
,;,.~~~.
t t~.ff:'

Transfer of progrmTI
~

Machining
I,.

4
 , Configuration of Program
,~ !',"

Proqram number '0'

OXXXX is a name given to a program.
; ~:'

00001 -- 08999 User area

.'.'"
". " .~
.'
09000 -- 09999 Maker area (Program is write protected)
A comment statement ( ) can be added after the program number.
;H,: Example: 01234 ( test );
:;~ii~ ~
I!I! !!I
';'(: , :1v
:1 ~

l ,
§gguence number 'N'
:1~J
J~~; This can be omitted. Used for easy access, to program during changes.
'i(.

~!ilj;i Example: 04567;

."., ..;',: w
r . N10 T2 M6;
..

Notes :
,/ Each sentence of a program ends with; ( ~nd Of Block ).

./ To move X-axis 30mm, the command is X30.0 with decimal point.

If not, it becomes X movement of 0.03mm, 30 microns.
 - ~--- ~ --.... ---

Calculation of speed and feedrate

N ~ 1000 V
:rD .

N : Spindle Speed (rpm) . '.

V : Cutting Speed of cutter (m/min) [Given in cutter catalogue]

D : Cutter Diameter (mm)
n: 3.142 0-

.',' F == Sz x Z x N

"
Sz : Feed per tooth (mm/tooth) [Given in cutter catalogue]
Z : Number of flutes
F : Cutting Feedrate (mm/min)
.,:,(
N : Spindle Speed (rpm)
6
I

Example. . .
~

Using a HSS 08mm FEM with 2 flutes, given cuttingspeed 28m/min.

and feed per tooth is O.05mm, calculate spindle speed and feedrate.
'.~ '!.

I(

..

N- 1000 x 28 = 1100 rpm

:'1:
1Cx8
-
"';

lit
W,I',
11
,.'
c
.
I
:;.. l'~I',:. ..'
-iBl.
.[

. ~1JjH'

,[!~I:
.:~{tl!:. F = O.05x2xll00= 115mm/min

i~1

Therefore,the spindlespeedis 11OOrpmand feedrate 115mmlmin.

,"
(To be used in program as 51100 and F115 )
,.'

.-..----.--.

..'
 - --.. -- - --- .

;,'" Miscellaneous Functions

MOO-Program Stop. This function is used to stop machining
operation so as to.perform inspection,adjustment, measurement,
removal of chips confirmation of tool wear etc.

M01 - Optional Stop. It has the same function as MOObut performs

only when the' Optional stop' button on the machine control panel
is turned On. When the button is turned off, this function is ignored.
:::0:
M02 - End of program. When machine completed all operations.
:~

'., M30 - End of program and rewind. Ithas the same function as M02
;.(: but it will search for the head of the program (rewind) after
completed all operations.

M03 - Spindle turns On and rotate in clockwise direction.

M04 - Spindle turns On and rotate in anti-clockwise direction.

MOS - Spindle rotation Stop.

8
 M06 - Auto Tool Change. It is used for changing tool when executed.
Select the required tool before using this function. ego T1; MOB;

'1N&';;
M07 - Blown air or mist coolant is applied.

M08 - Coolant on. Flood coolant is supplied.

"I;L~'

)\

;~I~~,

M09 - Coolant off. Cancel MO? and MOB.

~I
M19 - Oriented Spindle Stop. When using this function, the spindle
".:
rotates and stops at a predetermined position. It is mainly used in
Auto tool change and boring processes.
~,1..~~1:

I(~'~~l
t;:!:' )f~~)/.'
;~. :".. .,.

((
.,J;*~

,; ;'1'-/."
'" ~:~~~r', ,
... ..~i

9
-"-"-'-'

.
"

,t

'i' ,,_ ~"'"'''' "... J

 ~"'..-:~- ~ ~....

.
Wor k C00.rd.In",..e
at S
" .
. .

. ,..' , : ," .;:._" e', .: : ." ."

.,ystem . .
. · .' ;./. j

.', .' ·

.:> wcs is to define the location of a workpiece mounted on the machine

table. This must be specified in the program when writing.

. ~ To set a WCS, the distance from machine origin to workpiece origin is

to be measured into machine controller.

.:; Programs are created base on this coordinatesystem (G54 - G59).

y+

X3
' ')
X2 -
1"\

Y...... Xl
MaChineOrigin
... '.
. ..

r=-- __
IT .

I L' t=@ . ~

~ ~
.

Y4 Y5
Y6 "iI -!/56 ~( YI X+
,I ~G57 I G55 G58
"~ - :
L__ l- ] ltj X JI
X4
X5
X6
 W orl( SettIng rroceaure P4
h1~
o Mount workpiece on machine table. 3Z.f:~probe

Pi P2
t.) Press P~S button on controller followed by ";}~ -L-IL ':'-.[/',
'~.fd ~.r '~~~r:~',j
REL softkey. Workpiece
"

€) Bring probe to touch workpiece at position P1. . jf

.' ';
.....-....
". ..~

P3
Press 'XQ' followed by PRESET softkey. This
will set X to zero. Also, set Z to zero, so that all (Relative)
values will be taken from the same Z level. X 0,000

t
:ril.
if&:
fl."!
;~
Y -123,456 ~
--
-'Jfu.!
~~
..
,.'
.~~ Bring probe to touch workpiece at position P2. Z -90.789
;i!:,J. '.~.
..:':>.r
' ''
...t~,
i '''
The screen will display certain X value. Divide I
Preset Origin l
i: .~
, . ,.'..
~
;~i STEP (3)
.~i( ..~(~;~ ':~~.
y,;t
the X value by half, then input the calculated
"",
:1:* :~:

~:.t
~
~\ value by pressing 'X and the value '~followed
(Relative)
i~~:
by PRESET softkey. .
X -234,765

~1i':j~t;
;. .:
" Repeat step C)and e .forpositionP3 and P4 Y -123.456
Z -90.789
for Y axis, but pressing 'Y' instead.
;tJ.~
'l~_1f,'Jj

STEP (4)
o Bring probe to the position where REL screen..
<~~~;<.;
shows 'XO'and 'YO' 11

h
.---...--
" "'.,n".-_. _._..__..______.._.___

! !.,
ABS and INC Command
Up
G90 - Absolute command. Specify the I y+\
next movement with reference to the
work zero point. . t G91

G91 - Incremental command. Specify the

direction and distance to move from, Left I x- I---i~--I x+1Right
current point to the next point in [E]
Down
increment values.

y+ ~
00001(Abs); 00002 (Ine);
A G90 GS4 Xl0. Y20.; G90 GS4 X10. Y20.;
."
....... 51000 M3; 51000 M3;
40 "'''''' D YSO.; G91 Y30.;
~B X30. Y30.; X20. Y-20.;
Yl0.; Y-20.;
20 XSO. Y40. M5; X20. Y30. MS;
M30', M30;

x+

13
 " Wark Setting Procedure
& Press OFFSET SETTING button, followed by WORK softkey and bring
cursor to selected wcs, egoG54
(3 Press 'XQ' MEASURsoftkey and'YQ' MEASUR saftkey. The X and Y
zero point of workpiece will be recorded into machine controller.
, .

o Put the first cutter into spindle and a gauge block on the workpiece
surface. Bring down Z axis so that cutter touch the gauge block. Let's
~
say the gauge block is 14mm.
;f;~
...
"m> At the work setting screen, press 'Z14.0' MEASUR saftkey. This will set
;1
\i~l
.t~:'
the Z zero point of workpiece into controller.

':'h" r;"
...
1.:",'~~
s~ EXTX..AQQ.. G55 X ...Jl:QQ.. EXTX --.2:RL G55X
J'j:lY-,
y y YiQL Y
".},t" ,',,'
z Z 0.00 Z 0.00 Z 0'.00
~L~1r~:::;;i'"I .;, ,;"'"
,tif"!;<,'.1i~ J{ "'J:flt
."
I'j~'!', "'::)~'!:', (i'.:rN'/"
~',.. .

G54X G56X G54X -378.235G56X 0:00

y 0.00 y
...""
" . y
z 0.00
Y 0.00
z z 0.00.
~
iI. ',.:
.~\f!A"
z 0.00

~~i\%:';;;:,;r' I; ,"~" ,", ,

~1~~;;1";"'~':" !..~w: . .,
;~.i~~/}1n:'7'~:;>"1;;;;i";
12
..

E '
.u...XerC1S:e,..:. }
Start from zero point and return to it in clockwisedirection. Use 1200 rpm &
F125 to create program under absolute and increment modes.

y+ - -- Rapid positioning
- Cutting feed
5 7 .8

40

20

..~
 -
L.In e ar Movemen. t!.,'
.
' . :'.. . ," " " ., '.',' ", ~
.'
'. .. /

.. ...(300-Rapid positioning. Travel depends on the maximum feedrate of

: machine. Cannot be used for cutting.
.~;
> .

. . .G01 - Use for cutting straight lines. Feedrate must be specified with F in
the program.

00010 (ABS); 00011 (INC);

"-;af;
.'. .

:Hx
!
I':'
;IF

iilii:
y+ ---
-
Rapid positioning
Cutting feed
G90 G55 GO XO YO ;
51000 M3;
. G90 G55 GO XO YO ;
51000 M3;
-
Q£)

i~~, .
; \;j
: . '. ..
'/1,,,.
HiJ!:
": r
~r
!
'

II'" X20. Y20.; G91 X20. Y20.;

'.
,

l
~
", :. ""..
, ,

ill!
2. ':> ,3
Gl Y50. Fl00; Gl Y30. Fl00;
Il.... :If~i;

l
: (... :..".

'Jill; (::':":
'.~~ .Im..
:!r,i!i
:pl!,.
j~h' :
40+ I I X50.; X30.;
Y20.; Y-30.;
:i;i:
X20.; X-30.;
.LI 14
20+ I' < GO XOYO M5; GO X-20. Y-20. M5;
M30; M30;
.. .
,l'/( , . ,
. , . , . . X+
20 40

~
 .-. ......._...
~.. .~ ~-_._--......

Exercise 2
Start from zero pointand returnto it in clockwisedirection.Use 1500 rpm &
F150 to createprogramunderabsoluteand incrementmodes.

y+ --- Rapid positioning

- Cutting feed

60 -~

40 2

20

x+
20 40 60

.-
.1:'
;.~:)
 : Circular Movement
G02 - cutting circles or arcs in clockwise direction.
. .G03 - cutting circles or arcs in anti-clockwise direction.

l"'+ . 01110 (Smaller arc);

G90 G54 GO X10. Y40.;

,..;;.. 70 t //
.-------------
51000 M3;
G02 X40. Y10. R30. F100; 0
I .

M30;
50+ IA
------
! "'j I

U
I '. I . 01111 (Bigger arc);
#"\
I {:J \ I .
-r I Q'?) \I .
.'.' {i,
G90 G54 GO Xl0. Y40.;
30+ I
lO+-'-- "' _ .
51000 M3;
X+ G02 X40. Y10. R-30. F100;
10 30 50 70
M30'1

;~.
. When the arc is more than 1'80°, Rmust be ne ative si n. This is
how the machine differentiate when there's two possibilities.

17
. .-- ..,-._--------_.. -- -.-------.

------...
 Circular Movement
. When cutting arcs with unknown radius, I, J or K must be used.
. To determine I and J, calculate the distance from the start oint to
the arc center. Note that I, J and K are incremental values.

y+ I I =X distance y+
I
J =Y .distance
K = Z distance
50 50
B(endpt) .~
B\(start pt)
. "..'., "'-..
...I "
~
:i~~'''
30 .' I 30 / I .~
J . / I \ '
i II '\ \' .

1 "./.- A (endpt)
.1-_.,,- '''-':..:.::-~;-:' /': _".'.-.~ A (start pt)
I ,. ,.. I J .I .._/~" " ,, ;
i:I r-
IJ.
I
I i""', !
! Cenller I Cenjter
I I I
x+
.;'.
I

.Ly+
~~~;{

02000; 02001;
G90 G54 GOX20. Y40.; (Point B) G90 G54 GOX40. Y20.; (Point A)
51000 M3; . 51000 M3;
G02 X40. Y20. 1-10. J-30. Fl00; G03 X20. Y40. I-3D. J-10. F100;
M30; M30;
18
I

..
f,;~)~¥1~(t7'Z~'~5::,~:~~}~~'f~~:;:;

"""!,~:I~':::~HB~,,.0; ClfCU1 ar Movement

'

:~ . R cannot be use to program a complete circle. Use I, J or K instead.

Since the start point and end point are at the same location, it is not
necessary to indicate X and Y values. '

}"+ ' '

02002 (Point A);

G90 G54' GOX-30. YO;
/ T
51000 M3;
":

" G03 130. F100;

"-~.
'
..'<':

l I~
nhl':I
" -. ~:;..
;~iL
~IJ / /-/ M30./
I
-,;;:.., '
'"
;
,

,.:
,~,
/.
,

:'

I
";~;,
,

,./;.;: I l/
I Q-'!J";\
'''~J'
I . ......../ , I
;~~
.'11,':
;iiri'
X+
.[~! ~F>i'
~J,j~;
~~'
02003 (Point B);

/
':ii~~
(~;f.
'1'-;1' J
G90 G54 GOXOY-30.;
J~~.. 51000 M3;
....,..../ '
B ' G03J30. F100;
:,:t:~1;~,:.
M30;
-::,.: :' .,', .'

/tPi(
,;,;;1.1.'-
~~~~;'?'

.,.~~
~
i:.~'~r
{: .~
,>t', ,-

19

u_ ._. --
.~.._~ ~ --------
 0'0o___~
i '.

E.xerCls.e4
. . ... ,. .,,' ... ,. ... .(

Start from zero point and return to it in clockwise

direction. Use 3000 rpm & F300 to create program
under absolute and increment modes.

y+
--- Rapidpositioning
3 - Cutting feed -'...,0

~,?--0
.'
~
f'0.3>0'
~

1 -------
- <t-'?;C:>.
6
x+
.p
{I) I .V'

8 7
..::'."
.J!":

:,.,
 Exercise, 3 I

Start from zero pointand returnto it in clockwisedirection.Use 2000 rpm

',& F220 to create programunderabsoluteand incrementmodes.

JT+ --- Rapid positioning

- Cutting feed

50 2.50 400 450

',.,.
. "" !
:''i'! x+
""

,
')!liL"". .
,
"

!!~
I
".."
j
'
.
'.. .., , .,.
.~ :,:";,
.
1

. *v
I
::!I~:.
:;
ill.!j: \
I
!4
, '~I\:.!: , 'l'lh,i -50 \
, "f i!Ji: . ~P.f'
;:~!:
l :hFI:
;J
\
\
;,It,,::
~~: \
':!ih
''':!~I;
"~"~'''
mI . ,
'Irf.
\
\
12'
'1J
~
.~
'0
~
_\
""'.R( "}""""" ,I~i: -150 \ ' .~
. t I;
;;I!.. \ o .-".~~~.3:\~3.
1

,\Iii!"..,;.,..,,:;;:>',, II
:\I!!' f:;;.;~"'; !I
dU' \
':.. ;:;~~
; \
";1 \
.i.::~::! ," ',. .~!!g. I
..~j: \
..,

-300 -
1 5

+ ,
.;
~.
.j. {

.,

:-
--
".-- ~
r ~~,,,...~-~:,,..""'~#

'~I.:.~..,..- .
'o'
 .'
d£ r Z A M t
'," ..!'.

C
"

:. '..' ,..,
.,.. ,"
. I . "
. ,>
$ .
> "'
~! '" ,., ".,. , . ,., ,' '. . .:

..amman
. .;' ; ~. .~ "..' ~.'
...0 ~. } : .? 1':" , ]! _..()~emen.,.
I'"
x..:.s 1 ? i . . \( I '. ,. ',' - -:' ~: "" .' ;

When cutteris 100mmaboveworkpiece surface and requireto cut a

depth of 10mm in Z direction, .

IABSI I I I liNe I

1J)
C'y

1 Z-12.

G90 G57 GO XO YO ; G90 G57 GO XO YO ;.

2100. ; Z100. ;
22. ; G91 2-98. ;
G1 2-10. F100 ; G1 Z-12. F100 ;
GO Z100. ; GO2110. ;
M30 ; M30 ;
 -

Exercise' 5,
. .
Start from zero point and return to it in clockwisedirection. Use 2500 rpm
.&F215 to create program under absolute mode. Depth of cut lmm.

y+
--- Rapid positioning P2 = X6. Y29.394
- Cutting feed P3 = X54, Y19.596
2 P4 = X38, Y-16
P5 = X24, Y-18
~
~

1 x+

..,
l
.- - - ,

. f'. ~I""d.._t .~._." '

 . . . - _.. a,. -',,~ ~..,.~_,...~_

Cutter Radius Compensation

G41 - cutter 'is offset to the left side of tool advance directfon.
" G42 - cutter is offset to the right side of toot advance direction.
G40 - cancel G41 and G42. . ~~:
t/;/..~;.,

G40 ';,.i/
tf'~ '6-// ~/;j::\ ~ TnOL JIaUla
"JI'_ H'''E t)IR5"'TIOI"j
". ..
11~{&:j1 . .
G42
"
EXTERN AL CUTTING
30
y1;'~J - 11f .
""

Fj,t
W
- --fh~
I I
I I

~
,
~I l
I
I
G41 tI
I
;!:,
~:,~\
f'£~- r
'<:i:lJ
I
~~
{$I"
t'0' ,
~,
-zr~:
stal't st art Always use G41
"-:', ,;., (downcut) in
It"-JTERt"-JAL CUTTU,JG order to have
longer tool life,
1- 30 -I machining
~~__ fi.~;~ accuracy and

[
"40' W..(.d
~ 'G41 i better surface
. ~~
~'
~,
".2:j;
finish.
St at't
start 24
- "'. -
'.'-' '~-' -'-=:~:"'" ~~"; -.. .. - ".-="-"".
_.-.. .-. ,-.-,,,,,--"""
r. ~---, ,.. -="='""~; .--..

10.
..JI
r -~.------

';"

o
;
'
cRC ( C:ont d )
. " ,'

" ; ." i r.~ / ...'

i..
.,/
';

Roughing and finishing can be done using the same program by

modifying the data on the offset screen. The exampl.e below is using
010mm cutter. When roughing, leave 0.1mm allowance. Change the
value on machine offset screen to 5mm and execute the same
program again to cut finishing.

'Example :G41 X20. Y30. D17;

Roughing Finishing
Offset amount for roughing = A + B
I~ Offset amountfor finishing = A 0010.00 0175.10 0010.00 0175..00
.1 0020.00 0180.00 0020.00 0180.00
0030.00 0190.00 0030.00 0190.00
.I
A = Tool radius I
I
B = Allowance I
I
I
I
I

.. settingJworkl
offsetl I I
offset setting work l
Offsetscreenonmachine Offsetscreenonmachine
;
~ ~- --- -
~-,
CRC ( Cont'd )
o When specify G41, machine will read 2 blocks in advance in order to".
calculate the offset amount. If there are two Z values just after G41
been specified, and during which G17 is selected, overcutting occurs
because compensation is active only for X and Y values.

o Always remember to set the offset amount in the offset screen and
confirm the setting before running the machine.

03000 (Overcut) ; y+
~
G90 G58 GOXOYO; <'t
Z100. M1 ;
60
51000 M3;
G11 X20. Y10. 010; Z2. M8 ;
..,

77 f}4A; G41 X20. Yl0. 010 ;

}
>,

rn171() F100; . G1Z-10.Fl00;

Y50. ;
X50. ; 20
Y20. ;
X10. ;
GOO Z100. M9 ; X+
20 40 60
G40 XO YO M5 ;
M30.,
26

"'-'"=- .= -.
...::.:::;~ :.::,::::::;,,:,-:-.~::-:;.:~--,::_:;,:,,:~~::-:;::;;:;:;-'::':~'.~-:--;';:,:::::-
 .'

Startfromzeropointandreturnto it inclockwise
direction..
Use2500rpm&
F250to createprogramunderabsolute mode.DepthofcutSmm.

}:~:-

y+
Rapidpositioning
- Cutting feed
10
80
....\

I 8
1 ().
';:,::. 60 M
..
,,\
.." I I
R10
--'\ \ -J
_ 13
40 I I (Ii
tJ) (
... . , ...-- :/\.2
7'
I
20
14
1

x+
20 40 60 80
 Use 010mm FEM,speed 3000rpm, feed rate 300mm/min and depth of cut 3mm.

. ,;.:,'.~.
y+ --- Rapidpositioning
Cutti ng feed
1.:-

60
!!\;:

.::.. i"!:':.
. '.' C. 1 ~
. ., .1:
: ,:
.
40
. ::: : :

. . : c'
.

~
-
()J "~
ij
~.~
2

.. : '!I\!:
: 20
.'
. ~
. i,"
.
I

11
..

1
. ""

..

- .. _"_.' ._. ._, 0 " ., --,._. ". .m.

-.- - ,..-...-----.-.
-."..'."..." . ....__._.
--- --" --~-_.~
,- . '-'--'-
h ,.__..
' ...i~~iE~::~iJ;7~,'.,..O:'~OPL_~";.r;;;,:..:.,~;- .....:;,; :-~-.:.-~_-:.~:"~~~;.:.-=-._"i",=;~~i::":.~~~~.#:-;;=:..::.~-;:.~~:,.,:~.;;:~~~~i~~:~6.::.~=~ ...
--
,'~~.:-.;:~~::.~:.~~~d:::f-:-... --.. - --

.....

_.~¥\.

~
 --.

---.-....

·
aetu
.

G28 A t o a
.' .; .
. .

, .<"'"
. .

u...:,
. ..
i... /
..",m...,.tl...
-. :,..
. ,"
. f.!
i
C
'"

.' Z
i

./:
,? ""

,er ~;'~)
! 0
.' . .';
.
"

.., ". ..m~

:._.:~: :,'. -
: ',...,..

~ .

@ Is a function to return each axis to machine zero point at rapid rate.

.' @ Is a one shot G code and advisable to use under G91.

@ Always return the Z axis first, followed by X and Y axes together.

i
..
MachineZero i I MachineZero

t
L

\}J
~
.

i
iI
Workpiece
~ L , Zero
I

-J-
Workpiece
Zero
I
;;
, :"
I
I I
I 1
i i
". ,",
. ",.

G28 G90 20 ; G28 G91 20 ;

,.,,.'
 G43 Tool Length Compensation
001123.56 017Q.OO
H
0020.00 01-80.00
~ 003 0.00 0190.00
I

""'. 843Z100.H1; I
I
i I
I
100
i I
I
i I

- ZO

>'
J!r:

1:Ii
.,~
.
I
,.
. ...
.'
.:. .....
.
.:t.:..
. j.
,
.
~
,,~
. ..

.I
~i i
.

11'
:j~ .;.,' :m~)

,~t 0' The length of cutter, H value, is measured and recorded into offset
screen on the machine controller. Note that this value must be
I.....
added into the work coordinate -settingas well.
.,~:;!~t i;I[',

[if When machine reads G43 Z100. H1 in a program, it will take the
:.~.r~.'~~..
value stored in offset number 001 and compensate the amount,
such that the cutter will stop at 100mm above the workpiece.
.'.J

[if G49 is to cancel this compensation. Not required because machine

~'1i;:~;.
will cancel the -compensation when performing Z-axis home return.
28
l
 1

.
.> tte
T oo;l Pre~sie ..,.. ' .. ." . ..' .~
,'.
..' .
; uu;r'
.0.", ..'.

o Used fortool length measurement.

8 Tightenthe cutterto holder and mountonto the pre-setter.
@ Press I.~__~J, followed by 1 & ENTER key. ( For BT40 holder)
e Bringthe stylus to touch tool tip untildial gauge set at zero.
o Record down the reading and key the value into Offset Setting
screen on machine.

~
t'<\

.. i.~..(';~r~,~;:~~i.)
:.' ""vh.."...,.,,,J,,,. Hun ::/ \.;. i

..,,~ ,'" .''t. '---'1('''-- ., ,~" ,.,:.1.~

5!\;~.J
..,'.. ..~...F
." .;<~~~~
'!
.;.,
' . ..'
: '. .";:.,,,.'
:..~.t:'\\
t
~ .
'. . i
 - -- -

Dwell
a To delay the execution of the next block.
& Must be specified as a block by itself.
& P1000 means. a delay of one second.
t=xample :
G04 P1000;
& If machine coordinate has 4 decimal places,
~
then P10,000 means delay of one second.

~
~

~
~ Inch/Metric Conversion
& G20 - program written in inches.
& G21 - program written in millimeters.
· i

~':.

..'~ 32

_. ;.~. : ~:-::-.;..F-.. _ .~_.,

-
;;::.:..:;;,; ;:;:.,'-,.=,"::::..,.:~;.~;...::::::'"
'-;'_ .._;:..,..~_.. -:.._~.;;:Uf..:::.;::.:~~~~,-,::~.._;;:..;..,.:....
"
~
.~

"l "
PIan S 1 eCt n G 17 G 18, G 19 : ' . ' '.'. . .'
... ., :. '. :.. I .. ' ,.;' " / r " !.,:.. !
. , . . . , .. . ;";
I ..f
"
I
!
1., .
. . ... ...e . ..' e..' ../. ..1.0 ,.", .'.. ." .?,' ...,i .,'"

z+ .....
z+
/' \,.
t,.,
/.1 1'1..

~/;".
. .I I

z+ ~
~
I G17 Plan.!J IG18 Plantl ~
XY plane, view from ZX plane, view from
positive side of Z axis, positive side of Y axis.
workpiece top surface.

->.1\
~

':ii:
IG19 Plantll
~.'. YZ plane, view from
positive side of X axis.

h,.. . ,.. :;::';'~";..."":':=;~::--=-~=:'===-:'-=====.-:::-~=-_7.~:'-:::'.-::-:-,:

'___._.___ -""'---.-..-- . w
-- -.--.. +-".-- - ,-- ._~. ~-_.~~-_._._--
 Programmaole LJata lllpUL I

\
RJ To alter offset data through programming., ~

G10 P R_, j
1
P represents the offset number ~
R represents the value to be input in offset screen.

l=b To alter work coordinate system through programming,

G10 L2P1 X y_Z_,
",'
"1', L2PO represents EXT' ~
~,: ~
L2P1 represents G54
L2P2 represents G55
L2P3 represents G56
L2P4 represents G57
L2P5 represents G58
L2P6 represents G59

Fb When use under G90, the existing data will be overwrite.

'.1-1\

RJ When use under G91, it will add or subtract from the existing data.
34
 Exercise 8 '

Use010mm FEM,tool length 95.67mm,speed 2000rpm,feedrate 200mm/min

and depth of cut Smm. Assumethe WCSat X-300mm, Y-200mm & Z-lOOmm.

y+ --- Rapid positioning

- Cu1ti ng feed

80
~
,~;; ~
1;1:~;
60+ 2
:& I'
I
~.
;~,
,~,
:~~}
1fg'
:f",
~ 40 + . I Dlr, I RIOO
<1Ii ;~~:"
~,
'i~ ':
'it',
:~'
(!
.~. ,

::~ 20+ 4 + \. ' .. 5

6 I
I II
'~~'. ~)ff,:\ ". .' ,.,"
~1;. 1 I
I I

ill
t<w~,.
,M:.,l,.
I
x+
20 40 60 80 100
~ro\"~~: "
tt~.:!;:)"':
~~~~f:~~i'
.<t~}~f:~'

~:t~(~i..

:~,"":: >~~ ~ ~\~;

" .I' .
".."c'~~,
t. ..' . , ..'i
,. ~ " ~

35

,- --" -. ~
 ~

8 . e.

M !.ac..: h 1n.e C td
{..:oo.r'("lna.:,e S..:,ys.:.,em.
t
.
..,

Fb Allows positioningto a point with reference to the machine origin.

Is a one shot G code and use directlyunder G90.

Example:
Position to point P1 ,
G90 G53 GOO X-340. Y-210. ;

::~!' Position to point P2, G90 G53 GOO X-570. Y-340. ;

iir:'

,r
"
, ' ~.~
":,
~
. ~.
~
l

.: I
y
1
~;r.

~.
1f!
'. .... .
'W
. ..
:,

!
o,aH ~ ,.;. '.
v.~I
~~.
,. ~1 1
i:

~, ~ (Y
1[
. -'-570 -340 Machine Zero Point
iI!!'
--x
1

. '"
:!t!i. . ~..
.:!~ 1:~:I!

I
.. I

I
I
I

-210
I
I
Pi
I

I
I
-340

.~!"
L__~~_ _ ____ --- --- --- --- --

.,
 Subprogram
\h A subprogram is used when we need to repeat a specific routine.
M98 - call for subprogram.
M99 - returnto main program.
P - subprogram number.
L - number of times to repeat.
.~ "Q

~ Itis recommended that subprograms are programmed under 891 . ~

J;~.
'If
:+
;. ;~
,\
<I ~ A subprogramcan be called fromanother subprogramup to four
,tl,(,k'i .

1 levels.,
I ' ~:
:1,

I \h
. ~~
~~
'

'

I
'!~?:i-
,.
, }i;
'~:,
To call programsin Data Server, use M198.
,. ,:;:::'

i'-!>'lk', '
'i:tml'",-' ~?~ :"

,'~~;"

,-;:,:~::; d~y,f-:";/J~
rJ"{<",,;)};'~~,<, ,

37
Ji~j1,~"::'.;'1:'~,< "

-_.~-_. - ,....
~.-::.;;:::::.::::::?:==: .':::~.:::.:.:~:=-_::.:..: ' ----

'LL
 _..,: ,',...,,~
,':~~,.>-F..:~,~..~~~; . . '.,'.0.-,,-:, '"".O:;-~."'~

Example Y+ Z-axis 100mm above workpiece

Depth of cut 10 mm
Use 012mm FEM,53000,
Feedrate300mmjmin. 100
(3) \ \ @ @
80 / /
/
I I ",......
I
/ ,,"
t-'"
,/
i-/" .
Point C
60

40
CD CD \ \ CD

20

x+
03500 ; (MAIN) ~
G17 G21 G40 G69 G80 M23; 20. 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

G28 G91 ZO;

G28 G91 XO YO ;
T1 .I
03501 (SUB) ;
M6' G91G41 X20. Y10. 010 ;
I

G90 G57 GO XO YO ; G1 Z-15. F300 ;

G43 Z100. H1 M1 ; Y40. ;
83000 M3; X30. ;
Z5. M8; .
Y-30. ;
M98 P3501 L3 ; --- (profile 1 to 3) X-40. ;
",.:,~~".
GOZ15. ;
G90 GO XO Y60. ; --- (at point B)
G40 x-tO. Y -20. ;
,,:. ~ M98 P3501 L3 ; --- (profile 4 to 6)
.;.~~~\ X50. ; --- (stop at point A) (stop at point C)
G90 GO XO YO M9 ;
M99' I
G28 G91ZOM5; . 38
-;')r~l;~'~}X
.'~,..
M30;
.

Exercise 9"

Use 010mm FEM, 53000, F300 & depth

of cut 10mm.

y+ :_- Rapidpositioning
- Cuttingfeed
.'!.~:i'-
3 4
..

. \'
60 ~
. ..i~

~
.~
I '\t-
;ti
:,
:. ~:
';~. I,

~.
!~:
.

:;ii;:
.,~
'I. .'i...

,~~".,
'\~~/"
I~I
.'
.. .
'<. Y.
'1,.0
'~,"'.
40
I
2 -5
I
I

.
~~~~r
I
;;!~.
,.
"
'~.'
:ipi 7 '~
6 I

f
\oji I I
/
I
',;.>

20+ I
r'/
/ /'
"'.-. 1
/ '"
/'
I '"
/ '"
/'

-r- x+
20 40 60

i;~~i;
,~~?:

~lAJ(e;::.::..:,;y;:~:.
.,~,.t".".,,~. ,J~."
.~.;~ij:\~i'f~~?">:i-,::.~:.\r
.. . . . ." ~.;:;~:~.,
,.,
:.~3-,:"/~.."':~'; ..~.:
. 39
" -_._- ., -_.- .-." .---.----
f""

.~;~:~:',":"..~t-:::-.,':",.._;,;,.;.:tI...~~~~
-.

Exercise 10 y+ -, ---
-
Rapid positioning
Cuttingfeed

Use 08mm FEM, 54000, F400, 40 ~R10

Depth of cut 8mm.

4~~
5
x+
20 40 60 80

~
~

40
 - - -- ------------
Mirror Image Command
... -- ~ -- ~

@ M21 - X axis mirrorimage.

@ M22 - Y axis mirror image.
A
'Y:::!J M23 - Cancel mirror image.
@ The start and end of mirror point must be the same.
A
'Y:::!J Always cancel with M23 after every use.

M21 ORIGINAL
~
x- x+
y+ y+

x- \ x+
y- y-
M21 M22
,.
M22 41
f~

-.------.--- ".n..'.__' ..p.-'-

.-----.-.-.. ' .....-.

.:_- ",-;'"_.':.:;"'--==-.~.~:-- .--.---

'-
 - --- - ---

',~ " "_'L;y.::~.~~;r"

0'" . ;.,.~_..~ ,'.c>.
~

~,... ,_.,'~H_','_

G17G21 G4G G69 G8G ~

Example 2 G28 G91 ZO ;

G28 G91 XOYO;
Use 010mm FEM,52000, TS' I

M6;
F200, depth of cut 5mm.
G90 G54 GO XOYO;
G43 Z50. H5 M1 ;
S2000 M3 ;
M98 P4003 ; (Image 1)
M21 ;
y+ M22; .

I.~..
: .:~~:
M98 P4003 ; (Image 3) lsJ
\\1m M23'; q
:\m\, 50 G28 G91 ZO M5 ; , 04003 (SUB) ;
tl!H

M30; G90 Z2.;

G41 X20. Y10. 015;
'I G1 Z~5.F200;
\~\\
'1'\1,
Y40.;
'.
'\\\\:
::?:~. x+ G3 X40. Y60. H20.;
"';' :..:.~.

G1 X50.; ,

G2 X60. Y50. R10.;

G1 Y30.;
G2 X50. Y20. R10.;
G1 X10.;
GOZ50.;
G40 XOYO;
"
M99;
 Example 1
axl~n1n.88Jv~"''''''1J
Depthof cut 5mm
__
--- Rapidpositioning
-Cutting Feed
Use 08mm FEM, 54000, R10
F400.

@ CD
+
'':.'' i.t

04000 (MAIN) ; /"'t.,. RIO

G17 G21 G40 G69 G80 M23;
"
,.,.
G28 G91 ZO ; ~¥+
~:'"
',;~
;
,,"', '."

~
\:),j: .'i:?'-~' G28 G91 XOYO; -10 I 10 30 50 70
'!i''l ..
. .
';11
,
;~i' T4 .
I

~
.~r I
.'Il
.~I 04001 (SUB) ;
~ . !!i.
' M6;

Iti
,~! .

G90 Z2.;
.
.

iif.ffl!!..:
',' . G90 G54 GO XOYO; '-.Sl
;',~
. .
G43 Z50. H4 M1 ; G41 X20. Y10. 014; ~
84000 M3 ; G1 Z-5. F400;
It .
. ~f Y40.;
~:-,('
.!;. ., .~' M8 ;
~.,<
. ,~. M98P4001 ; .; (Image1) G3 X40. Y60. R20.;
,I,
,~~
~t/.
M21 ; G1 X50.;
M98 'P4001 ; --- (Image 2) G2 X60. Y50. R10.;
M23'.. G1 Y30.;
H:{rft~~i). G2 X50. Y20. R10.;
I'~<j~;
M9' ,
i~!it;:
~*"f.: G28 G91 ZO M5; G1 X10.;
M30; GO Z50.;
~.i~!;;..'~';;.~.:
i!4~~'f'},
. .}'.:r ,-.."li~.;.:'..", :.:tJ...~." G40XO YO;
~~ft'~;~:i~{i:\. : :,'; ;, .' M99'I 42

.. .
;.,

I
,.

",,'~. ,,:.,~ :.~~..,;.i.:.'h;,.t;':';;i;tlli..<'

Exercise 11 Y+ --- Rapid positioning

-Cutting Feed
Use 010mm FEM, 53000, RiO
F300, depth of cut 2mm.
~30
~ 10

X+
10 30
:\:::

~ [§J f'
V
 .,;-"!.,

Exercise,12,
Use 010mm FEM, 53000,
F300, depthof cut 2mm.

y+
---Rapid positioning
~H ~"
-Cutting Feed
,,,I, :ii::
:U~:
:;i 70
i\!h'' ),, :\\h
'';'!:
'"!
C?) (:)
\(~: .

:\~\'
If)

,1<'1\' !t~' ~
i!I!!
.,:
:
~
:!I:' \
\ ~
l l'J,,< "i),: ';
if'!:
,...
,,
\
\

'm"""
l '.' ~
:;i'!' ',\.
\
\
I
! ,I.
J. I
~
i~!:: 1 / 40.
:if!h 1/
'\i~r';":::(fV ;' :k!(
x+
!'hl;
,i
.
30 50 70
.,,!.
:~m~
'ij.l.'
H!ii'
"I'I
.
10
"\\...
\ "
I \ "
/'1/ \
j:i! I, \
I

@ @

~..
 ,

;;- ,,,:;.;,;:~'~';~J(.f;fi~~

Canned Cycle
'.:"1

...,.

Machining cycles such as boring, drillingand tapping are specified with a

fixed format, which is shortened and performed easily. Also called as
, hole drillingcycle'. G8Gto cancel canned cycle.

p F- L--' K
G9G G98 G x -----.Y R Z Q

G98 - Return to initial point after each hole cycle .

G99 _ Return to reference point after each. hole cycle

;~~:.
};G_ - Types of cycle mode ~
.:;:
.::>< - X position of hole
. y _ Y position of hole
R - Reference pointposition
Z - Depth of hole
Q _ Cut in amount or shifting amount ( incremental)
. p _ Dwelltime at bottomof hole
F - Cutting feedra~e
L_K_ - Repeating number of times 46
 ~.- --,..' ..'. . , "\;--"'11'"

." -: ,... -'," '-'~::'''--'','''~'

. . '.. ," ,

Difference
.'4. between ,G98
. and G99 ;~

IG98I'
"
· When usingG9'8, machine w'iII
Rapid position retracts to the initialpoint after
-=.,:t,,: - CuttingFeed
drillingeach hole. This method
will.result in longer cycle time
i
, --,I -r-r--r---Initial point
I
I
I I I
I
I
I
I
I
I
but it is highly recommended to
I I I I
I
-r-'I
I, I
---rI
I .
R pOint
use because of safety reason.
I I
..'>
I I
I I
'-
7~'
.,::!1.,
1 ___1_-1 Zpoint Q
\,.,.
lI;
I,~

:~:
.}:
"~
fi':
:~
+
IG991 · When using G99, machine will
Rapid position
retracts to the R point after
.'

- Cutting
Feed drillingeach hole, and finally
returnto the initialpoint after
i
--, I Initialpoint completing'the last hole. Ifthis
I I
I
I
method is used, please ensure
I
that there is no obstruction
I I
... ~.(:",

I I
,duringthe movement from one
. -;_J__I___L.J_
-: Rpoint
Z point hole to another.
:,1'

47
,.-"-...-. I
 WIll;;' - ". -" ;.:..,;,;"...'

~/I':"~,~~""~,__''''''''_."",-~~~L_~,,..":':'''~',L~..~~<u<:~"t;~_,~~~,.,;..i:.!~~

G81 Spot Drilling Cycle

I G99'
IG98\ I

I
I

---"- Rapid position I ---- Rapidposition

- CuttingFeed - Cutting Feed

rA/J

.--1 I -------Initial point

. ;I,}
I
--1 -,----Initial

.
I
I
:
I
I
I
I
I
point I
I I
I
I
I
-
:,p

1 -rI
.---- R
Z.point
pOInt
t -!I --- R point
-Zpoint

G98 G81 X y R Z F

. suitable for pre-drill holes such as center drilling.

 .................... ;.;.':...wh*'._.;:;~.~~zt'Jt;.;,
.-;,-;~:y~~~~;~,::-F.J{,.1:~P.::.:r...:!c;::;
.' ,"
:.~;p~;::,~.".,.-::.;
.

G82 Counterboring Cycle

, G98, I G99 "

Rapidposition Rapidposition
- CuttingFeed -- CuttingFeed

.. --1 Initialpoint
--, -l Initial point , I

,,'
I I
I
I
I
I I
I ~
I I I
I I I !s)
,ii: I I
" I '

.iJ;
" '"
I , I
" ."
~
~" l'
I I
,

! -: ---R .
point
I,
I 1 -: --- R point
q; ,
Z
- pOint I -Zpoint
" Retractsafterdwell Retractsafterdwell
"

z
.F,: .

G98 G82 X y R p F

'.,.'
"'.", . For machining of blind holes. Flatness is improved due to dwell.
. When P 1000 is specified, a one second dwell is performed.
49,
.,.,1.
.'
"L
 .;;;.:jt;;,; :~;~,~~}~?~t~<t.L~.~~¥J~_...
..~~:"!C.~~..,; "-""'~-"~"'~";:'.'" '.

G83 Peck Drilling Cycle

IG981 'G991

.'
---- Rapidposition ---- Rapidposition
.,:~
::jf
."
- CuttingFeed
- CuttingFeed

'
__,I ----------Initial point
__, ------l-Initial point I I
i' ,I ,I
I I
I
,
,I
.. I
I

TTTT--t--R point
TT"11--i- R point

Jl
QI'illttJ .
I
I
I I
I I
I I
I
I
I
d
Q I
I
I
tD
I
I
'I
I I
+
I 1
I
I

I
I
d
K\
l.s)
?!> Q
.1t .,
.~:~:
: II
I -DdI
QI .lttUd I I
*1 :
I
Q 1.
I I
:'~'.
QI I I

L_ Z point.
I .
--'--Z pOint
;1'

> .:

G98 G83 X y R z Q F

..il... . Q is the pecking depth and after each peck, always return to R point.
. . 'd' is the amount where the machine start to use cutting feed before
the next peck. The default setting isO.1 mm.
 G73High Speed Peck Drill Cycle-.
IG9S1 IG991
:Ji.:"
.'r.',' .
Rapidposition Rapidposition
'.j.':
- CuttingFeed CuttingFeed

--, ~ l-Initial point --, I Initialpoirt

i I I
...
I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I
1-- Rpoint Rpoint
Q

-rr-Id
'0

rrJd' rt
Q ,.-- o ,---
I I

Q Q

_1.__ Z point . ~-- Z point

G98 G73 X y R z Q F

· 'd' is the retracting amount (0.1mm) after each pecking.

· Not suitable.for deep hole because chips may be trapped and result in
cutter breakage.
51
... .-. ..---.--.-----..--. .-, .._.. ....-.-......
_._~ ' ..-.
...;

J,,"-i
 '~t~~it~~~i~~~.~""~""''''''''

G84TappingCycle.

IG9S\ IG99 I
.~t~i~~:'

, Rapid position ---~ Rapid position

- Cutting Feed - Cutting Feed

...j ;..
--1 --r Initialpoint I
~-1
I
--'-..: Initial point
I I i I, I
, I I I
Spindle
cw II ~Spindle
cw Spindlecwl I
SpindleCW
it
:f;t:; ,:~;,.;
'I

---R point ~
tJ
";:';0..
{~~
t --f~--- R point
~11D'.
SpindleCW 'SpindleCCW
,'Y.

;~~i.:.
'(ff
>-0;:.."

.~~~::.
.~.£
, " -Z point
Spindle
aN Uindle~ Zccw
point

'.

G98 G84 X y R z F

. R point should be 7mm or more above the top surface of workpiece.

. Use a floating chuck when doing a tapping operation.
,'.- . If left hand tap is required, use G74.
F = SpindleSpeed x ThreadPitch(mm) 52
.--..-.....----..
",.
---------------..... ..;
-~ ,"

G8S Reaming Cycle,

, ,
I,
i..

I G9s1 IG991
~\~~~~::

Rapidposition Rapidposition
- CuttingFeed - CuttingFeed
;;~,

',~ .
:~J

,)'
\i:;..i:;
ii --, -T Initialpoint I
I
--l I
Initialpoint
;11, '
I I T I 1
'J. ....
I I I I
I I
I
I
I
I
I
e;
point I - ---H point

[I
' n-R

~;,:

"91
Ii
.... [ - Z point - Zpoint

::~
:h

z
..

G98 G8S X y R 'F

",
~.~

. Operation is the same as G81, except the return to R point is also

.(:..,

using cutting feed.

53

- --
 ]

".;,.-' '~. ,>.~:..::,t,.~:j::-~:L~'~..

;?,~;".,~~:'"'!".:~"::

G86 Boring Cycle ..~.

IG99 I
, G98,
Rapid position
Rapid position .
- CuttingFeed
- CuttingFead

--1 I Initialpoint
--1 -l Initialpoint i
I I
I I I I
~
.~ 1; .
I I I
I I I
I I
jil

i
._;f:;.
t -\I ---RZ
.
point
- pOint .
1 -~
I
---R point
-Zpoint
Spindle
Stop
SpindleStop

G98 G86 X y R z F

. Spindle stop at bottom of hole and retracts at rapid rate.

. Willcause a scratch mark on surface when spindle retracts. Use
G76 if good finishing is required. 54
 . . . . . . . . . I.. . . . . . I.. . y~
G76 Fine Boring Cycle
II
IG981 IG991

---- Rapidposition ---- Rapidposition

- CuttingFeed H1 - CuttingFeed

--l \=::T---Initial point '

--l I -------Initial point
.,. I I I I I
I I I
I
I
I
I
I
I
:
. I
I
I . I

@ 1, -----R point
: -Zpoint @. 1, --:---R point
c::; Zpoint
I _
.
Spindle Stop W Spindle Stop W
G98 G76 X Y R Z Q F
· Oriented Spindle StoQ (M 19) is performed at bottom of hole and
retracts after shifting in the direction opposite to the tool tip, thus there
is no scratch mark on the surface. '
· The shifting direction +X, -X, +Y, -Yare set on the controller in
advance. (check shifting direction before use) .

· Shift amount is specified by Q.

55
I ,.h _ ... _.._..._ ----.-
_ ~"i

... L-
 Exercise 13
Tap the holes given speed 2000rpm, feed rate 200mm/min, depth of hole
25mm.

;c:~~:;~;;
y+
Iii"
1
:':'.-'.
40
2 t
~.~.'.
3 t
~~;
:~{-
:~J.
20
4 t
I
!

i
i
!

&
" ';:%:~' ! !

'}t: 1i~ 17 i
: I i I .

~!~~':
'~1:~ ~.if\. X+
Tf ,~~~~.
'("
10 30 50
"
 ~
Drill the holes using peckdrill command, given speed 1000rpm and feedrate
100mm/min. .

y+ Z-axis 100mm above workpiece

Depth of cut 20 mm

60
~-Ef}~~
40

,,; ..'
05000 ;
G17 G21 G40 G69 G80 M23;
G28 G91 ZO; . ~~~~ ~
G28 G91 XOYO;.
x+
T1', 60 80 100 120
20 40
M6;
G90 G54 GO XO YO ;
G43 Z100. H1 M1;
81000 M3 ;
M8;
G98 G83 X30.Y20. R2. Z-20. Q1.F1 00 ;
G91 X30. L3K3 ;
Y40. ;
X-3D. L3K3 ;
G80 G90 XOYOM9 ;
G28 G91 ZO M5;
M30 .I

::L.
 Exercise 14'
Givenspeed1000rpm,F100,depthof
hole 30mm,writea completeprogram
startingwithcenterdrill.
':..i.!.~'

" \,-~{~E:'( y+
..

," -
o
~~~~-$--$~-$-~
:".~;
"

\1,', *~~~~~~-$-*
~~-$~-E!T~~-$-~

~
i
" "..'"
i
\~~'.
:,ro.
0
0'
~0
...
~~~~-$-~~-$-~
~'~~~~~~-$-~
'--
'-9
~
.~ .::
:~"';'
:~t 'x
co ~$--$~$--$$--$-~
?~:;
.j'
;~r
':,'. ~~-$-~-$-~-$--$-~
,. ~~~~-Etr-<t7~-$-~
o... '~$--$~$--$$--$~
....
x+
,"
10 8X10-eo 10.
"

100
."",

...

58
~,_.. =0:"' ::-.-: , :-;- " =.~ ~.....

.
 r,;~ ~ ~, ",,";I1'~~~\i

Super GeometricIntelligence .

. Automatic feed rate control resulting ,in high 'precision and good
surface finish. Machine will automaticallyadjustthe feed rate
given in a program, depending on corners or profiles.
Recommended to use with Data Server.

. G05 P10000 ---~- To turnon SGI.

....

::.i. . G05 PO To turn off SGL

~
):'.::
..\~. i~\
.~t
';"
.;J{
J,;
''''.
.':\
..f'
:..;.:~
"
.~:,
,i~ . .,
\~
 SGr Programming Format.

Without SGI format With SGI format

07000; . 07100;
G17 G21 G40 GS9 Gao M23; G17 G21 G40 GS9 Gao M23 ;
,;. G28 G91 ZO; G28 G91 ZO;
..:
''l. G28 G91 XOYO; G28 G91 XOYO;
.;.).
~!,..; T8.I T8. , ~
~::
.J MS", MS., ~
.~1~
;~ G90 G54 GO XOYO ;. G90 G54 GOXOYO ;
G43 Z50. H8 M1 ; G43 Z50. H8 M1 ;
It.
55000 M3 ; 55000 M3 ;
..J~' G01 F1000 M8 ; G01 F1000 M8 ;
M198 P7001 ; GOSP10000 ;
G90 GO Z100. M9 ; M198 P7101 ;
G28 G91 ZO M5; GOS PO ; .

M30. , G90 GOZ100. M9 ;

. G28 G91 ZO M5 ;
M30. ,
 ._;:;.t:'!"n-.

Coordinate Rotation
· It is a functionto rotatea specificprofilein the programat a
specificplane.
" .,.,.

·
.:-";

G69 - cancelrotation.
Examlll!z :

G68X y R
;(.

J";'
.,":
r:':' '- .
.',:.
'.:,,'
.:f;~
X and Y specifiesthe rotationcenterwithabsolutevalue.
't):'

~.?
~~::
):~.
When omitted, the position"whereG68 is specifiedbecomesthe ~
.'
centerof rotation.
R specifiesthe rotationangle

· G6B and G69 must be specified on the same point.

· During G68 mode, the plane must not be changed.

 Example
01234;
G17 G21 G40 G69 G80 M23 ;
G28 G91 ZO; " y+
G28 G91 XOYO;
.,
T11 . I

M6' I 70
G90 G54 GO XO YO;
G43 Z50. H11 M1; Z-axis 60mm above workpiece
50
;~'.
51000 M3; Depth of cut 6mm
',1',
",'
Z2.M8 ; Cut image 1 ~
.,.;.
G68 XO YO R60.; 30 'J)
w~
i"~~'
,.(.,

~}i'
"
.;~'.
/.~:
":({
::'!
,~.'
G41 X60. Y-30. 021;
G1 Z-5. F100 ;
,
I
I
, I
I

. ~;\I'
"'J
10 I
Y20. ; x+
X100.; ~
iO.,
-
30 50 II 70 90
Y-20.; -10 "', ... I II
, J
X50.; , --~-- L --------.
, A
GOZ50.; ,j,
-30
G40 XO YO M9 ;
G69; "

G28 G91 ZO M5;"

M30' I

"
64

kj,X..f.~..r..~:c.;~i("..~.:t-'-1
 Helical Interpolation
Using G020r G03, cutter cutting in a spiral motion.
Example:

JI.;:
. "~no
06789 (NORMAL); ....
..z+
G90 G55 GOX50. YO51000 M3;
G43 Z50. H1; .P-y..
G3 XOY50. R50.;
M30;
(P1 to P2) ~
.i:J
':.;i::

-------------------------------------------------
.(.
10
.~
:"!;" . 05678 (HELICAL);
"
:!', G90 G55 GOX50. YO5.1000 M3;
',< G43 Z50. H1;
G3 XOY50. Z30. R50.; (P1 to P3)
.,' M30;

65
 Use 010mm FEM,depth of cut 2mm, depth per pass O.5mm.
" .

:'t~~:;...

.\","
,',

..

.:.J',.
o
U1

"'.' t.
'.~1.;'
Lf)
ru
.....
d::
j
.:\~' ~:/ \q
'~N :';..
c
U1

20

125

66

~
.

.~ .

J
 08000 (Main) ;
G17 G21 G40 G69 G80 M23 ;
G28 G91 ZO ; 08001 (Slot) ; 08002 (Slot) ;
"
G28 G91 XO YO ; G90 GO X50. Y-50. ; G91 G01 Z-O.5 F300 ;
T4 ; G01 ZO F300 ; X-30. ;
M6 ., M98 P8002 L2 ; X21.213Y21.2t3;
Z O5 .
,
' ",
- ."' . :.., .
'.'~.' ~

G90 G56 GO XO YO ; G90 GO Z2. ; :,- ., " :.,.5/~,<.;.t=.;~'~.

;.:';..

G43 Z100. H4 M1 ; XOYO', ,

X-41.213 y -2t~~t~,;;". '

52500 M3 ; M99; X30.; "

Z2. M8; M9,9;

M98 P8001 ;
M21;
M98 P8001 ;
.~. ~
M22' , ,
\£>
M98 P8001 ; 08003 (Pocket) ; 08004 (Pocket) ; ,
M23' I G90 G01 ZO F300 ; G91 G01 Z-0.5 F300 ;
M22' ,
, G10 P10 R5. ; G41 Y6. D10;
M98 P8001 ; M98 P8004 L4 ; X-8. ;
"
M23' , , G90 GO Z5. ; Y-12. ;
G90 GO X-19.5 Y-16. ; G91 X19.5 ; X16. ;
M98 P8003 L3 ; M99 . I Y12. ;
G90 GO X-19.5 YO ; X-8.; ,

M98 P8003 L3 ; G40 Y-6. ;

G90 GO X-19.5 Y16. ; M99' ,
M98 P8003 L3 ;
G90 GO Z100. M9 ;
G28 G91 ZO M5;
M30' ,
67
"

... WI ~. ,.,~ '11II:

.,. .. .'.
 90
70
14 40
12
J>

(J)
(1)
S4
o' ~
:J o
<:)
»
»

.;
.i,.. ~
..j
,... ~~:'~;~i~.:o .~.
;;.

...
.::fJ~~~~!:t
'. .~". "':t~:~/

-- - -