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Achilles, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62, 66, 68, 69,
70, 71; compared with Odysseus, 98
Adam, J., 119, 148, 163, 195, 387,
419
Adeimantus, speech against Justice,
73–74. See also Glaucon and
Adeimantus
Albinus, L., 472
Allen, D., 181
Anaximander, ontology, 130
Andersson, T. J., 350
Annas, J., 20, 121, 157, 168, 233, 249,
251, 304, 367, 392, 402, 406, 411, 468
Apology, 91, 109, 110
aporia (confusion), xviii, 30, 47, 63, 66;
in aporetic dialogues, 23
appetite (epithumia), 386–93, 405; and
oligarchy, 388, 390–91; necessary vs.
unnecessary, 386, 397. See also erōs;
pleasure
Archytas, 295, 329, 330, 332, 338, 341
Arendt, H., 149; on the noble lie, 149
aretē (virtue), 50, 348, 423, 433, 451,
486; definition, 348. See also virtues
Aristophanes, 22, 84, 208; in
Symposium, 215
Aristotle, 108, 118, 150, 287, 316, 366;
criticizes communism of women and
children, 214–15, 233; his definition
of virtue, 120; Politics, 366
Athens: myth of autochthony, 161; as
venue for prose literature, 10
Augustine, on lying, 146
Bambrough, R., 233
Barker, A., 329
527
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Barker, E., 233
beauty: Form of, 257, 259, 420, 427; the
many beautiful things, 259
Belfiore, E., 417, 425
Benardete, S., 181, 228, 241
Betegh, G., 467
Blondell, R., 11, 14, 23, 87
Bloom, A., 87, 205–6, 233, 243, 251
Blössner, N., 125, 167, 233, 345, 349, 351
Bluestone, N., 205
Bobonich, C., 28, 47, 167, 169, 253, 406
Bobzien, S., 145
Bok, S., 146
Bosanquet, B., xvii, 480
Bouvier, D., 449
Boyarin, D., 132
Brann, E., 325
Brown, E., 111, 162, 243, 280, 336
Brunt, P. A., 17, 367
Burnyeat, M. F., 8, 18, 19, 143, 232, 248,
267, 270, 319, 422, 442
Callicles, 24, 94, 100, 114, 224, 225, 271;
compared with Thrasymachus, 96;
and the tyrant, 394, 396, 402
Callipolis: compared with “city of pigs,”
250; division of labor in, 122; as
Glaucon’s city, 46, 85; as guide to
political action, 244; marriage,
206–10; and military success, 212;
mirror of the philosophic soul, 222.
See also utopianism
Carone, G., 169
cave, allegory of, xxiii, 19, 58, 60, 63,
73, 75, 261–68; conversion and, 62;
Forms in, 262; life outside the cave,
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528 index of names and subjects

162–63; philosopher’s return to cave, Diodotus, 141

xx–xxii, 15, 60, 70–71, 156, 242, 262, divided line, xxiii, 19, 289–94, 302, 420,
334–39; as reference to Homer, 71; 502; harmony and justice in, 131;
shadows in, 61, 262, 316; Straussian shadows and, 61
interpretation of, 242 division of labor, 122
Cavell, S., 87 Dixsaut, M., xix
censorship, xxv, 58, 431, 437; Dover, K. J., 10
inconsistent with myth of Er, 460 doxa (opinion, reputation), 99, 102, 259,
Cephalus, 59, 68, 73, 74, 76, 77, 83, 103, 455, 499; contrasted with knowledge,
110, 147, 224; on myth, 459 258, 289–90
city: definition of, 346; form of, 245; Dunn, J., 159
origin of, 122; perfection of, 217. See Düring, I., 5
also city-soul analogy
“city of pigs,” 27, 43, 44, 51, 84, 492; Edelstein, L., 240
food in, 387; Glaucon’s rejection of, Edmonds, R. G., 88, 458
225–27; as utopia, 250 education: and cave allegory, 262;
city-soul analogy, 345–75; Justice in, dialectic in, 315, 328–33; of guardians,
346, 349–50; large/small letters and, 18; philosopher-king’s, 311–42;
347, 348; points of disanalogy, 360; protreptic as, 4; shapes reason for
virtues in, 350 rulership, 174–75
Clay, D., 87 elenchus, Socratic, 16
Comedy, Athenian Middle, 10 Empson, W., 88
communism (among Guardians), epic: philosophic, 18; Republic as, xvi,
203–10, 232, 242; as image of xviii
philosophy, 221; and war, 211–17. See epithumia. See appetite
also women Er, myth of, 76–77, 446; as allegory of
Cooper, J., 196, 401, 405 embodied life, 458–63; censorship of
Cornford, F. M., 138, 160 poets and, 460; directed at Glaucon,
Cratylus, 80 472; Odysseus in, 447–48; Proclus on,
Critias, 29, 37 452
Crito, 29, 110, 157 erōs (love, desire, lust), 202; and civic
Crombie, I. M., 251 homogeneity, 213; definition, 202;
Cross, R. C., 196 detached from philia, 208–10; flexible
Crossman, R. H. S., 159 and inclusive, 217; and justice, 204;
madness of, 398; meekness of, 206;
Dahl, N. O., 157 and the tyrant, 222–30, 394–403
dating of dialogues, 29 Euclid, 301–6
Dawson, D., 232 Eudoxus, 456
de Romilly, J., 12 eugenics program, 203–10
democracy, 361, 364, 368–72, 386, 496; Eusebius, 249
Athenian, 141, 263; democratic Euthydemus, 29, 31
individual, 86, 195, 391; inhospitable Euthyphro, 41
to philosophy, 8, 15, 16; psychic, 128;
rhetoric of, 141; as second-worst falsehood. See lie
regime, 351 Faraone, C., 208
Demosthenes, 140 Ferrari, G. R. F., 18, 28, 52, 88, 138,
Denniston, J. D., 14 143, 169, 271, 349, 350, 402, 429, 437
Denyer, N., 20, 266 Festugière, A. J., 4
desire. See appetite; erōs Fine, G., 257
dialectic, 315, 328–33 Finley, M., 232

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Ford, A., 456 the city, 150; relation to

Forms: in cave allegory, 262, 266; guide philosopher-kings, 221; replace
the philosopher-king, 245; as imitated familial roles, 213
by poets, 418; as inhuman realm of Gyges, 66, 68, 73, 101, 224, 454, 509
absolute, 148; justice among, 130; gymnastic, as part of guardians’
knowledge of, 258–71; love of, 219; education, 65
mathematical, 269; moral, 269,
277–79; perfection of, 267, 337; in Hahm, D. E., 150
philosopher’s education, 313; as Hall, D., 243
principles of the organization of Hall, E., 242
experience, 136; and sensibles, Halliwell, S., 9, 18, 419, 431, 448
315–16. See also beauty; Good; justice Halperin, D., 396
Frede, D., 367 happiness, 38, 40, 111, 116, 163, 197,
Frede, M., 15, 376 382, 394, 447, 464, 466, 469; and
Frege, G., 304 city-soul analogy, 345–59
Freud, S., 180; theory of the soul, harmony, 178, 188, 191, 279, 312, 332,
176–79 333, 405. See also soul: harmony in,
Fussi, A., 94 126
Harris, W. V., 10
Gadamer, H.-G., 241 health, analogy with justice, 50
Gaiser, K., 4, 21 Heidegger, M., 328
Galen, 5 Heinaman, R., 109
Gallagher, R. L., 5 Heitsch, E., 376
Garver, E., 7 Henderson, J., 88
Gill, C., 157, 393 Heracles, 94
Glaucon: ambition (thumos) of, 224–29; Heraclitus, 188; compared with
as erotic, 67–68, 192; as lover of Anaximander, 130
honor, 64–65; and myth of Er, 472; Hesiod, x, xxii, 56–57, 68, 69, 76–77, 83,
non-timocratic, 363; theory of justice, 87, 140, 153, 154; lies of, 142–43;
99–103, 353. See also Glaucon and popularity of, 432; races of metals, 78,
Adeimantus 84, 85
Glaucon and Adeimantus: Hesk, J., 141
characterizations of, 56; dissatisfied Hippias Minor, 98, 99
by Book 1, 90–93; as historical Hobbs, A., 88, 189
persons, 3; influenced by argument of Homer, x, xxii, 56–59, 61, 68, 69, 71, 72,
Republic, 2, 23; as limited 74, 79, 87, 110, 153, 263, 509; imitator
interlocutors, 310–11; speeches of virtue, 429, 443; lies of, 142–43;
against justice, 6; usefulness of popularity of, 432; as rival to Plato,
Republic to, 245 xviii, 19
Glucker, J., xvii homosexuality, 205; as anti-tyrannical,
Good: Form of, 63–64, 267, 341–42; as 211; as model for heterosexuality in
endpoint of philosophical education, Rep., 210
313; and mathematics, 306; obscurity Howland, J., 88
of, 314–15, 323–28; shareability of,
364–65. See also sun, allegory of Iamblichus, 5, 447
Gorgias, 16, 24, 29, 30, 93, 108, 109, 114; Ideas, Platonic. See Forms
on tragedy, 441 Iliad, 161
Gosling, J. C. B., 189, 397 imitation. See poetry
guardians, 149; compared with dogs, Irwin, T., 94, 169, 391, 400, 403,
187; guardian spirit, 199; as lovers of 411

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Isnardi-Parente, M., 233 mathematics, xxiii, 270, 271, 282, 342,

Isocrates, 4, 11, 13, 14, 25; on Athenian 503; clarity of, 292; in divided line,
autochthony, 161 292–95; five disciplines, 318; and the
Form of the Good, 306; in
Janaway, C., 437 philosophers’ training, 271, 318–23;
Jowett, B., xvi, xvii, 478, 479 relation to forms, 319
justice: Adeimantus’ case against, McDowell, J., 121
103–05; in city-soul analogy, 346, McKeen, C., 251
349–50; and erōs, 204; Form of, 269; medicine, Greek, 174
Glaucon and Adeimantus’ views on, Menexenus, 29, 161
2; Glaucon’s theory of, 99–103, 152, Menn, S., 11
353; and natural ability, 127; and Meno, 62, 263
philosopher-rulers, xx; as “principle of Michelini, A. N., 3
appropriate difference”, 117; as Miller, F. D., 168
self-referential, 129; Simonidean, 157; Miller, M., 268, 317, 332, 338, 340,
Socrates’ defense of, 107–15; summary 341
of various views, xxii–xxiii; mimēsis. See poetry
Thrasymachean, 93–99 Minos, 29
moderation (sōphrosunē), 173, 405–06,
Kahn, C., xviii, 12, 13, 167, 272, 273, 490 411
Kant, I., on lying, 146 Morgan, K. A., 13, 88, 447
Kassel, R., 10 Morrison, D., 243
Kirwan, C., 146 Morrison, J. S., 457
Klein, J., 318, 325 Most, G. W., 20
Klosko, G., 27, 362 Mourelatos, A. P. D., 321
Knorr, W., 319 Murphy, N. R., 189
knowledge, 257; vs. opinion, 258, music, 313; as part of guardians’
289–90. See also divided line; wisdom education, 65
Kosman, A., 134, 198 myth (muthos), contrasted with logos,
Kraut, R., xvi, 243, 362 452–56

Laches, 41 Nails, D., 3, 245, 329

Lachterman, D., 135, 318 Nehamas, A., 419, 437, 439
Laks, A., 28 Nichols, J. H., 94
Laws, on useful lies, 161 Nichols, M. P., 241
Lear, J., 125 Nietzsche, F., 96; on lying,
Lee, E. N., 323 149
Leontius, 167, 169, 180–84, 186, 193, Nightingale, A., 88, 157
226; and thumos, 223 noble lie: 78, 150, 154–56; belief in,
Leroux, G., 233 158–63; and liberalism, 139–40; as
Lesses, G., 169 myth, 452, 456, 470; myth of metals
lie: and justice, 147; Gods never, 81; in in, 155; need for, 139, 142, 153; and
soul vs. in speech, 144–46. See also philosophic rule, xx
noble lie nudity, public, 203–6; encourages
Loraux, N., 161 shamelessness, 216
love. See erōs; philia Nussbaum, M. C., 440,
Ludwig, P., 189, 216, 223 442

Mahoney, T., 243, 277 O’Connor, D., 317

Manuel, F., 232 Ober, J., 16

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Odysseus, xvi, 56, 57, 59, 60, 62, 63, 71, Callipolis, 233; irony of, 242; as public
72, 77, 180, 182, 183, 184, 186; intellectual, 10
compared with Achilles, 98; in the pleasure, 18, 84, 86, 156, 165, 171, 173,
myth of Er, 447–48; in Republic, 82, 174, 175, 180, 195, 198, 208, 220, 226,
169–71, 172; Sophocles’, 140 230, 286, 371, 392, 395, 397, 405, 407,
Odyssey, xvi, 56, 57, 59, 69, 72, 81, 140, 408, 412, 441; principle, 178
173, 182, 184, 480 pleonexia (overreaching greed), 97,
Oedipus, 451; responsibility of, 467 130
oligarchy, 351, 361, 364, 368–72, 373; Plutarch, on the divided line, 293
appetite in, 388, 390–91; oligarchic poetry: ethical illusions in, 440; as
man, 404 imitative, 438; Plato’s critique of,
opinion. See doxa 415–43
Orwell, G., 206 Polemarchus, 7, 42, 73, 102, 110, 126,
207
Padel, R., 401 polis (city), 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 127,
Page, C., 149 217, 369, 484, 486, 488, 492, 493, 497
painting: Greek, 422; imitative, Politicus. See Statesman
421–28 Popper, K., 139, 144, 233
Parmenides, 316 Pradeau, J. F., 27
Parry, A., 12 Press, G. A., xviii
Parry, R., 222, 243, 277, 409 Price, A. W., 169, 177
Paton, H. J., 419, 421 Proclus, xxii, 455, 478; commentary on
Patterson, R., 268 Republic, xviii; on the divided line,
Penner, T., 40, 42, 169, 228 293; on myth of Er, 452
perception, 22, 300, 313, 315, 322, 418, Protagoras, on poetry, 431
428, 441; sense-data theory, 419 Protagoras, 29, 62, 91, 99, 109, 114
Pericles, on lying, 140 protreptic: “epideictic,” 23; function of,
Phaedo, 73; Platonic psychology in, 7; outside the Republic, 4
357 psuchē (soul), 57, 72. See also soul
Phaedrus: charioteer image, 229; erōs in, Pythagorean theorem, 297
396
philia or philein (love), 203; contrasted Quine, W. V. O., 308
with erōs, 202; in Smp., 208; and
thumos, 223 Rawls, J., 118
Philoctetes, 140 reason: desires of, 196; rule of, 49,
philosopher-kings, xxiii, xxiv, 15, 20, 22, 165–66, 175, 404–13; in tyrant’s soul,
23, 65, 82, 219–22; compared with 400
tyrants, 403–13; definition of, 367; Redfield, J., 207
descent to the cave, 317–18; Reeve, C. D. C., xix, 169, 251
education, 311–42; as end to human reincarnation (metempsychosis), 446,
ills, 70; erotic, 209; knowledge of 464, 468
ruling, 270–71; knowledge as religion, Greek, 72, 74
shareable good, 364–65; motivation to Robins, I., 318
rule, 107–12, 196–200, 272; relation to Robinson, R., 304
guardians, 221; universally Roochnik, D., 89, 167
benevolent, 243; and utopianism, Rosen, S., 228
235–44 Rothko, M., 235
Plato: attribution of views to, 376–81; Rowe, C. J., 28, 34, 36, 40, 42, 166,
audience, xxii, 1, 5, 15; esoteric 241
lectures of, 135; intentions regarding Rudebusch, G., 394

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rulership, as requiring inducement, 109,
151. See also philosopher-kings
Russell, B., 419
Sachs, D., 121, 280
Sacks, J., 132
Santas, G., xix, 177, 268, 324, 396
Sayre, K., 240
Schleiermacher, F., xviii, 13, 481
Schofield, M., 30, 187, 249
Scott, D., 393
Sedley, D., 111, 152, 162, 190, 313,
336
self-control. See moderation
self-discipline. See moderation
Seventh Letter, 240
Shields, C., 169
ship of state, 19, 261
Sklar, L., 300
Slings, S. R., 4, 171
Smith, N. D., 168, 189
Socrates: dialectic, 37; as educator, 8; as
erōs incarnate, 203; lack of wisdom,
239; as literary hero, 13; love of the
Good, 337; model of moderation, 253;
not Plato’s mouthpiece, 376, 383;
reluctant statesman, 46; as statesman,
31; in Symposium, 218; as teacher,
334–35
sophia (wisdom), 128, 194
sōphrosunē. See moderation
soul: as body, in myth of Er, 461–63;
conflict in, 167–69, 171–73, 362, 412;
Freud’s theory of, 177; harmony in,
178, 188, 191–95, 279; immortality of,
458–60, 470; in myth of Er, 451–52;
philosopher’s vs. guardian’s, 191;
tripartite, xxiv, 192–94, 200, 228, 349,
354, 408
Sparta, 267, 355, 484; model for social
life in Callipolis, 210–14
spirit: and conflict in the soul, 171–73;
and erōs, 222–30; as psychic guardian,
189–91; tyrant and, 203. See also
thumos
Stahl, J., 398
Statesman, 29, 35, 65
Stemmer, P., 348, 380
Stoicism, 145, 146, 248
Strauss, L., 17, 89, 108, 233; on
impossibility and undesirability of
Callipolis, 233; on Platonic irony,
241–44; on tension between love and
politics, 204
sun, allegory of, xxiii, 19, 284–85, 314
Symposium, xi, xvi, 33, 38, 71, 73, 74,
79, 80, 202, 203, 384, 483; Diotima’s
speech, 217; erōs in, 396
Szlezák, T. A., 13
Tarrant, D., 450
Tarrant, H., 116
Tate, J., 444
Taylor, A. E., 163
Taylor, C. C. W., 397
Teiresias, 57, 61, 62, 63, 68, 71,
72
teleological explanation, 285,
306–08
Thayer, H. S., 468
Theaetetus, xii, xiii, xiv, xvi, 116, 455;
Forms and particulars in, 134
Thebes, 85, 210, 211
Thomas, R., 10
Thrasyllus, 116
Thrasymachus, 2, 3, 8, 14, 41, 43, 47,
49, 50, 52, 66, 73, 84, 91, 94, 98, 101,
107, 114, 115, 119, 380, 483, 485, 487;
argument in Book 1, 93–99; compares
ruler to shepherd, 196; on happiness,
372
Thucydides, 140
thumos (spiritedness), 203, 208, 220,
223, 229, 463, 492; in Aristotle, 223;
contrasted with erōs, 202; in Homeric
Greeek, 223. See also spirit, 64, 79,
165
Timaeus, 29, 37, 277, 307
timocracy, 351, 361, 364, 367,
368–72
Trampedach, K., 17, 367
tyranny, 351, 353, 361, 368–72;
compared with philosopher-king,
403–13; and erōs, 394; and madness,
398; reason enslaved, 400; Republic as
argument against, 137; tyrannical
individual, xxiv, 195, 375; tyrant, and
erōs, 68, 203, 223–30

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unhappiness. See happiness West, M. L., 189

Untersteiner, M., 471 Westerink, G., 117
Usener, S., 10 White, N., 243, 281
utopianism, xxiii, 28, 232–54, 497; Wilberding, J., 262
metaphorical, 233, 249; utopia as Williams, B. A. O., 125, 146, 359
paradigm, 234. See also Callipolis wisdom: lovers of, usefulness of
Republic to, 246; as object of rational
Vegetti, M., xix, 232, 248 part of soul, 166. See also
Vernant, J.-P., 89 knowledge; sophia
Vidal-Naquet, P., 89 women, the problem of, xvii, 20, 85,
virtues, 119–21; appearance of, 430; of 133, 205–10, 215, 495. See also
city, 46; imitated by poets, 429–33; of communism
soul, 48; unity of, 41 Woozley, A. D., 196
Vlastos, G., 324
Xenophon, 11, 14, 61, 65, 147, 224, 225,
Wallace, R. W., 10 240, 431, 493
weakness of the will. See soul,
conflict in Yunis, H., 8, 10, 15, 16
Webster, T. B. L., 10
Weiss, R., 110, 162, 169, 275 Zeno, Republic of, 249

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