4 OTN Principle

OTN Principle
V1.1
Unitrans
Unitrans D&T
D&T Group
Group
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

Contents
q OTN Overview
q Network Layer
q Frame Structure
q Maintenance Signal
q Mapping for client Signal
2
Background
Background
Ü SDH/SONET is mature，but it is not enough for transmission
l Transmission for PDH、IP、Ethernet
l Variable protection and management
l Unsuitable for high speed transmission
Ü Internet, electronic commerce and mobile technique develops
quickly, and data service like Ethernet grows greatly
Ü DWDM develops well
l Promote bandwidth efficiency and independent to service
l Based on physical layer, supervision function is not powerful enough
Ü A standard is needed to deliver TDM service on DWDM
3
Definition
Definition for
for OTN
OTN
Ü OTN－Optical Transport Network
l Defined by ITU-T G.872、G.798、G.709 for optical transmission,
including both electrical and optical layer, and providing supervision &
protection for all layers
l Optical signal is denoted by wavelength, and it can be dealt with in unit of
single wavelength or wavelength group
l OTN can realize signal transmission, multiplex, routing selection, monitor
optical domain, and it can guarantee the performance and reliability
l OTN can support variable service and protocols, and it is a trend in the
future
SONET/SDH PDH MPLS
ATM，Ethernet Fiber Channel OTN Virtual concatenation
IP GFP ODU Multiplexing
4
Protocols
Protocols for
for OTN
OTN from
from ITU-T
ITU-T
Ü G.871 OTN Frame Ü G.798 NE Functions
Ü G.872 System Structure Ü G.959.1 Physical Layer Characters
Ü G.873 Requests and Model Ü G.664 Requests for Protection
Ü G.874 EMS Ü G.671 Technique Requests for
Ü G.875 Information Model passive optical component
for optical NE Ü G.661-663 Classification, parameters,
Ü G.709 Interface technique requests, test,

application for OA
5
Advantages
Advantages for
for OTN
OTN
Ü Transparent transmission
Ü Encapsulation for variable service
Ü Upgrade for cross connection
Ü FEC
Ü Tandem supervision
Ü Various OAM bytes
6
Realization
Realization for
for OTN
OTN
Ü To support T bits transmission, DWDM is used
Ü 3 G bits interface:2.5G,10G,40G
Ü Transparent transmission for SDH/SONET, ETHERNET, ATM,
IP, MPLS，GFP
Ü Shortest physical layer stack for data services (IP/TDM ⇒ OTN
⇒ Fiber)
7
Disadvantages
Disadvantages for
for WDM：
WDM：
Ü Client signal (e.g. STM-N, GbE) on wavelength directly, and
not powerful supervision
Ü Indirect supervision, and complex system structure to monitor
different service in different way
Ü To deal with particular signaling for different service is
impossible
8
Contents
q OTN Overview
q Network Layer
q Frame Structure
9
Network
Network Layer
Layer for
for OTN
OTN
IP/MPLS ATM ETHERNET STM-N Interworking

with pre-OTN
STM-N GbE
Optical Channel (OCh)
layer network
OTM Optical Multiplex Section (OMSn)

Physical layer network
Section Optical Transmission Section (OTSn)
(OPSn) layer network
OTM-0 Optical Transport Module of order n

OTM-nr, n>1 (OTM-n, n≥1)
10
Network
Network Structure
Structure for
for OTN
OTN
11
Interface
Interface for
for OTN
OTN
Ü User to Network Interface (UNI)
Ü Network Node Interface (NNI)
l Inter Domain Interface (IrDI)
l Intra Domain Interface (IaDI)
– between equipment of different vendors (IrVI)
– within sub network of one vendor (IaVI)
Network Operator B Network

USER
A Operator
C
OTM NNI OTM
OTM IaDI-IrVI NNI
UNI IrDI
OTM NNI OTM NNI
IaDI-IaVI IaDI-IaVI
Vendor X Vendor Y
12
Brief
Brief Introduction
Introduction to
to OTN
OTN
Ü OTM and Simplified OTM
Clients (e.g. STM-N, ATM, IP, Ethernet)
OPUk
ODUkP
ODUk
substructure
ODUkT
OCh
OTUkV OTUk OTUkV OTUk
OCh OChr
used within OTN transparent OMSn

subnetworks;
implementations are very
much technology dependent
OPSn
used between (and within) OTN
OTSn
transparent subnetworks
OTM-n.m OTM-0.m
Full Reduced OTM-nr.m
functionality functionality
13
Brief
Brief Introduction
Introduction to
to OTN
OTN
Ü Difference for two formats of OTM
l OTM-n.m (n>=1) l Simplified OTM-nr.m, OTM-0.m includes:
n Optical Transmission Section n Optical Physical Section (OPSn)
(OTSn) n Reduced functionality Optical Channel
n Optical Multiplex Section (OMSn) (OChr)
n Full functionality Optical Channel n Completely or functionally standardised

Optical Channel Transport Unit
(OCh)
(OTUk/OTUkV)
n Completely or functionally n Optical Channel Data Unit (ODUk).
standardised Optical Channel
Transport Unit (OTUk/OTUkV)
n Optical Channel Data Unit
(ODUk)
14
Mapping
Mapping and
and Multiplex
Multiplex for
for OTM
OTM
15
client
client Signal
Signal to
to OTM
OTM
Client
OH Client OCh Payload Unit (OPUk)

Associated
Wrapper
overhead
OH OPUk OCh Data Unit (ODUk)
OH ODUk FEC OCh Transport Unit (OTUk)
OH OTUk Optical Channel (OCh)

Non-associated overhead
OCC OCC OCC Optical Channel Carrier (OCC)
OH OMSn OPS0 Optical Multiplex Section

OPSn
OH OTSn Optical Transmission Section
OOS OTM Overhead Signal

OSC
OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
Optical Transport Module
Optical Physical Section
16
Relationship
Relationship for
for signal
signal units
units in
in OTN
OTN
17
Function
Function Units
Units for
for OTN
OTN
Ü OPU（Optical Channel Payload Unit）：
l client signal mapping
Ü ODU（Optical Channel Data Unit）：
l Encapsulation for client signal, protection for OTN, trace
supervision, communication
Ü OTU（Optical Channel Transport Unit）
l OTN framing, FEC, communication
l Signal changing between client and OCC
18
Bits
Bits Speed
Speed
OTU type OTU nominal bit rate OTU bit rate tolerance
OTU1 255/238 * 2 488 320 kbit/s 20 ppm
OTU2 255/237 * 9 953 280 kbit/s
OTU3 255/236 * 39 813 120 kbit/s
ODU type ODU nominal bit rate ODU bit rate tolerance
ODU1 239/238 * 2 488 320 kbit/s 20 ppm
ODU2 239/237 * 9 953 280 kbit/s
ODU3 239/236 * 39 813 120 kbit/s
OPU type OPU Payload nominal bit rate OPU Payload bit rate tolerance
OPU1 2 488 320 kbit/s 20 ppm
OPU2 238/237 * 9 953 280 kbit/s
OPU3 238/236 * 39 813 120 kbit/s
19
OUTk/ODUk/OPUk
OUTk/ODUk/OPUk Frame
Frame Circle
Circle
OUT/ODU/OPU type Circle
OUT1/ODU1/OPU1/ OPU1-Xv 48.971µs
OUT2/ODU2/OPU2/ OPU2-Xv 12.191µ
OUT3/ODU3/OPU3/ OPU3-Xv 3.035µ
20
Contents
q OTN Overview
q Network Layer
q Frame Structure
21
Introduction
Introduction to
to OTN
OTN Frame
Frame
Ü OTUk（k=1、2、3）frame is composed of OTUk overhead, ODUk

frame and OTUk FEC, and it is 4*4080
Ü OTUk has same frame structure, but different frame frequency
Ü OTUk frame includes 4×4080=16320 bytes, they are sent in order from
left to right and top to bottom
22
Overhead
Overhead for
for OTUk
OTUk
FAS：Frame Alignment Signal

MFAS：Multi-frame Alignment Signal
SM：Section Monitoring
GCC0：General Communication Channel
RES：Bits Reserved for Future International Standardization
23
OTUk
OTUk Overhead
Overhead
Ü FAS is composed of 6 bytes: (1,1) to(1,6), with value f6h,f6h, f6h, 28h,
28h, 28h, and they are framing bytes
Ü MFAS is (1,7) and used to count multi-frame, and 256*OTUk
comprise one OTUk multi-frame
Ü RES is composed of (1,13) and (1,14), with value “0”
Ü GCC0 is composed of (1,11) and (1,12), and used for communication
between OTUk terminal
l No definition by G.709 and used for private information transmission
24
OTUk－SM
OTUk－SM Overhead
Overhead
SM is from (1,8) to (1,10)
TTI: Trail Trace Identifier

BIP-8: Bit Interleaved Parity of 8 bits
BEI: Backward Error Indication

BDI: Backward Error Indication
IAE: Incoming Alignment Error
SAPI: Source Access Point Identifier

DAPI: Destination Access Point Identifier
25
OTUk－SM
OTUk－SM Overhead
Overhead
Ü SM-TTI: TTI locates (1,8) in SM and is used to transmit label
information for 64 bytes
l TTI is similar to J0 in SDH
Ü SM-BIP-8：BIP-8 locates (1,9) in SM and is used for error
monitor
l Check bits error for OPUk (from 15th column to 3824th column) in
1st OTUk, and put the result in BIP-8 byte of 3rd OTUk
26
OTUk－SM
OTUk－SM Overhead
Overhead
Ü SM-BDI：BDI locates in 5th bit of (1,10), and is used to
transmit remote defect indication
l “1” is “RDI”, and “0” is normal state
Ü SM-BEI：BEI locates in 1st to 4th bit of (1,10), and is used to
transmit remote error indication
Ü SM-IAE：IAE locates in 6th of (1,10) and “1” means error, “0”
means normal
Ü SM-RES：RES locates in 7st to 8th bit of (1,10), and it is
reserved as “00”
27
FEC
FEC for
for OTUk
OTUk
Ü OTUk FEC locates in 3825th to 4080th column
l Prolong signal transmission distance
l In case of fixed output power for OA, more channels can be
provided with decreased power for each channel
l FEC reduces requests for components parameters and system
configuration
28
Scramble
Scramble for
for OTUk
OTUk Frame
Frame
Ü To get clock information, OTUk frame should make sure that
“1” and “0” in the code are in certain percent
l Scramble is for the whole OTUk frame, since FEC is included,
scramble is carried out after FEC coding
l OTUk frame should be descrambled first, then decoded
l Algorithms for scramble and descramble are same, and double
scramble means descramble
29
Frame
Frame Structure
Structure for
for ODUk
ODUk
Ü ODUk (k = 1,2,3) frame is based on bytes block, and composed

of 2 parts
l ODUk Overhead
l OPUk
Ü 1st to 14th columns are overhead bytes for ODUk
30
ODUk
ODUk Overhead
Overhead
First 14 columns in 2nd to 4th rows for ODUk
TCM: Tandem Connection Monitoring

ACT: Acttive (of TCMi)
PM: Path Monitoring
APS/PCC : Auto Protection Switch/Protection Communication Channel
BIP: Bit Interleaved Parity
31
ODUk-TCM
ODUk-TCM Overhead
Overhead
Ü To monitor OTN signal over different optical network, ODUk
overhead provides 6-level tandem monitor “TCM1-6”
Ü TCM1-6 is similar to PM overhead
l Monitor TTI (Trace indication), BIP-8, BEI (Remote bits error
indication), BDI (Remote defect indication)
l Judge if the signal is maintenance signal (ODUk-LCK，ODUk-OCI，
ODUk-AIS) or not
Ü Tandem monitor is realized by stack or nesting, so supervision
can be done for several optical network and in any domain with
ODU connection
32
3-level
3-level tandem
tandem monitor
monitor with
with TCM
TCM
33
ODUk-TCM
ODUk-TCM Overhead
Overhead
Ü Tandem monitor functions for OTN
l Tandem monitor between UNI and UNI can supervise ODUk
connection in public transmission network
l Tandem monitor between NNI and NNI can supervise ODUk
connection for network of each provider
l Signal defect detected by tandem monitor can active 1+1, 1:1 or
1:n protection switch
l Signal defect detected by tandem monitor can active optical
shared protection switch
l Tandem monitor can locate faults and confirm QoS
34
ODUk-PM
ODUk-PM Overhead
Overhead
Column
10 11 12
Row 3 TTI BIP-8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
BDI
BEI STAT
Ü ODUk PM overhead locates in (3,10) to (3,12)

l It is similar to OTUk SM overhead bytes, but SM-IAE and SM-RES
are replaced by PM-STAT
35
ODUk-PM
ODUk-PM Overhead
Overhead
Ü PM-TTI
l Locate in (3,10) of PM
l To carry TTI
l Overheads in erial 64 frames comprise 64-byte information, and they have
the same definition as SM-TTI
l Alignment in OTUk multi-frame is the same as SM-TTI and the first byte
corresponds to 0, 0x40, 0x80 and 0xc0 multi-frame
Ü PM-BIP-8
l Locate in (3,11) of PM
l Structure and definition are same as SM-BIP-8, but used for path monitor
l Object is the whole OPUk frame (15th to 3824th column) and working
principle is similar to SM-BIP-8
36
ODUk-PM
ODUk-PM Overhead
Overhead
Ü PM-BDI
l Locate in 5th bit of (3,12)
l Definition is similar to SM-BDI, and used to transmit remote defect
indication, “1” means ODUk defect, and “0” means normal
Ü PM-BEI
l Locate in 1st to 4th bit of (3,12)
l Definition is similar to SM-BEI, and used to transmit remote error
indication, range is 0～8
l No BIAE
l Since bits error range is 0～8, if it is 9～15, it means no bits error
37
ODUk-PM
ODUk-PM Overhead
Overhead
Ü PM-STAT locates in 6th to 8th bit of (3,12)
l Indicate maintenance signal state of ODUk frame and “001” means
normal
l In case of maintenance signal state, all PM overhead bytes except
PM-STAT will appear in special form (all “1”, 0110 0110 or 01010101
repeatedly)
PM-STAT Definition
000 Reserved
001 Normal
010 Reserved
011 Reserved
100 Reserved
101 Maintenance signal：ODUk-LCK
110 Maintenance signal： ODUk-OCI
111 Maintenance signal： ODUk-AIS
38
Other
Other overhead
overhead bytes
bytes for
for ODUk
ODUk
Ü ODUk-GCC1 and ODUk-GCC2: 2 bytes for each, and used for
general communication interface of ODUk between different
units, contents and format are defined by user
Ü ODUk-APS/PCC: 4 bytes, for protection switch
Ü ODUk-FTEL: 1 byte, to transmit defect type and location (FTFL)
for 256-byte (FTFL)
Ü ODUk-EXP: 2 bytes, not defined
Ü ODUk-RES: 9 bytes, reserved, and fixed to 0
39
OPUk
OPUk Frame
Frame Structure
Structure
Ü OPUk frame structure is a rectangle with 4*3810, and locates

in 15th to 3824th columns of OTUk
Ü OPUk frame is composed of 2 parts:
l OPUk Overhead
l OPUk Payload
40
OPUk
OPUk Overhead
Overhead
OPUk Overhead Structure: bytes related to

signal mapping, including payload type
indication bytes and mapping adjustment
bytes
41
OPUk
OPUk Overhead
Overhead
Ü PSI (Payload Structure Identifier) has only 1 byte
l Existing in serial 256 frames, and aligned with ODUk MFAS
l If MFAS=0, then PSI overhead byte is PSI[0]
l If MFAS=255, then PSI overhead byte is PSI[255]
l PSI[0] defines payload type
l PSI[1] ～PSI[255] indicate mapping and concatenation information
Ü 7 bytes are related to mapping and concatenation information,
and they change with different mapping and concatenation
42
OPUk
OPUk Overhead
Overhead Definition for PT
8-bit coding Hex value Definition
0000 0001 01 Mapping for test
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual concatenation signal
0001 0000 10 8 bit byte-multiplex bit stream
0001 0001 11 8 bit non byte-multiplex bit stream
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Null
0110 0110 66 Null
1000 xxxx 80~8F Reserved as self-definition
1111 1101 FD “0” signal mapping test
1111 1110 FE PRBS (231-1 pseudo random code) mapping test
1111 1111 FF Null
43
Common
Common overhead
overhead bytes
bytes for
for OTN
OTN
44
Contents
q OTN Overview
q Network Layer
q Frame Stucture
q Mapping for client signal
45
Common
Common Maintenance
Maintenance Signal
Signal for
for OTN
OTN
Ü Maintenance signal for OTUk
l OTUk has only one maintenance signal －OTUk-AIS
Ü Maintenance signal for ODUk
l Including: ODUk-AIS, ODUk-OCI, ODUk-LCK
l ODUk-AIS converts all bytes for ODUk to “1”, except ODUk-FTFL
l ODUk-OCI sends “01100110” repeatedly in ODUk frame and it is
detected by PM-STAT and TCMi-STAT
l ODUk-LCK sends “01010101” repeatedly in ODUk frame, and it is
detected by PM-STAT and TCMi-STAT
46
Contents
q OTN Overview
q Network Layer
q Frame Stucture
47
Mapping
Mapping for
for STM16
STM16 to
to OPU1
OPU1
3824
17
18
PSI RES RES RES 15
NJO JC JC JC 16
1 DD 3805D D
2 DD 3805D D
3 DD 3805D D
PJO
4 D 3805D D
48
Mapping
Mapping for
for STM64
STM64 to
to OPU2
OPU2
1904
1905
1920
1921
3824
PSI RES RES RES 15
NJO JC JC JC 16
17
1 118 x 16D 16FS 119 x 16D
2 118 x 16D 16FS 119 x 16D
3 118 x 16D 16FS 119 x 16D

PJO
4 15D + 117 x 16D 16FS 119 x 16D
49
Mapping
Mapping for
for STM256
STM256 to
to OPU3
OPU3
1264
1265
1280
1281
2544
2545
2560
2561
3824
PSI RES RES RES 15
NJO JC JC JC 16
17
1 78 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D
2 78 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D
3 78 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D

PJO
4 15D + 77 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D
50
Mapping
Mapping for
for ATM
ATM Cell
Cell Stream
Stream to
to OPUk
OPUk
15 16 17 3824
PSI RES RES RES
RES RES RES RES
OPUk Payload
OPUk
Overhead 0 PT
1 ATM cell
PSI Bandwidth for ATM stream in
RES
ODU1: 2 488 320 kbit/s
255
53 bytes ODU2: 9 995 276 kbit/s
ODU3: 40 150 519 kbit/s
51
Mapping
Mapping for
for GFP
GFP Frame
Frame to
to OPUk
OPUk
52
univ.zte.com.cn
univ.zte.com.cn 53

4 OTN Principle

Încărcat de

Informații document

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

4 OTN Principle

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

OTN Principle

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

q Mapping for client Signal

SONET/SDH PDH MPLS

ATM，Ethernet Fiber Channel OTN Virtual concatenation

IP GFP ODU Multiplexing

Ü G.872 System Structure Ü G.959.1 Physical Layer Characters

Ü G.873 Requests and Model Ü G.664 Requests for Protection

Ü G.874 EMS Ü G.671 Technique Requests for

Ü G.875 Information Model passive optical component

for optical NE Ü G.661-663 Classification, parameters,

Ü G.709 Interface technique requests, test,

q Mapping for client Signal

IP/MPLS ATM ETHERNET STM-N Interworking

OTM Optical Multiplex Section (OMSn)

OTM-0 Optical Transport Module of order n

Network Operator B Network

used within OTN transparent OMSn

n Full functionality Optical Channel n Completely or functionally standardised

OH Client OCh Payload Unit (OPUk)

OH OPUk OCh Data Unit (ODUk)

OH ODUk FEC OCh Transport Unit (OTUk)

OH OTUk Optical Channel (OCh)

OCC OCC OCC Optical Channel Carrier (OCC)

OH OMSn OPS0 Optical Multiplex Section

OOS OTM Overhead Signal

OUT/ODU/OPU type Circle

OUT1/ODU1/OPU1/ OPU1-Xv 48.971µs

OUT2/ODU2/OPU2/ OPU2-Xv 12.191µ

OUT3/ODU3/OPU3/ OPU3-Xv 3.035µ

q Mapping for client Signal

Ü OTUk（k=1、2、3）frame is composed of OTUk overhead, ODUk

FAS：Frame Alignment Signal

SM is from (1,8) to (1,10)

TTI: Trail Trace Identifier

BEI: Backward Error Indication

SAPI: Source Access Point Identifier

Ü ODUk (k = 1,2,3) frame is based on bytes block, and composed

TCM: Tandem Connection Monitoring

Ü ODUk PM overhead locates in (3,10) to (3,12)

Ü OPUk frame structure is a rectangle with 4*3810, and locates

OPUk Overhead Structure: bytes related to

q Mapping for client Signal

1 118 x 16D 16FS 119 x 16D

2 118 x 16D 16FS 119 x 16D

3 118 x 16D 16FS 119 x 16D

4 15D + 117 x 16D 16FS 119 x 16D

1 78 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D

2 78 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D

3 78 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D

4 15D + 77 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D 16FS 79 x 16D

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

S-ar putea să vă placă și