Physical Science Chapter 4 Test – Class 10G

Name:_________________________

Date:__________________________

1. What is work in science?

a. force applied through a distance.
b. a push or a pull
c. the ability to cause change
d. the sum of kinetic and potential energy

2. How much work do you do when you lift a 100 N child 0.5m?
a. 500 J
b. 5000 J
c. 5J
d. 50 J

3. The effect of friction is to convert kinetic energy to _______.

a. mechanical energy
b. thermal energy
c. elastic potential energy
d. potential energy

4. According to the graph, the kinetic energy of

the rock after 3 seconds is about ________.
a. 0J
b. 375 J
c. 400 J
d. 425 J

5. If no additional force acts on the rock, what

is its mechanical energy at 5 seconds?
a. 0J
b. -725 J
c. 375 J
d. 750 J

6. What is the mechanical energy after the rock has fallen for 2 s?
 a. 0J
b. 750 J
c. 200 J
d. 550 J

7. What is the potential energy of a 10.0

kg weight suspended 3.0 m above the ground?
a. 3.3 J
b. 30 J
c. 290 J
d. 2900 J

8. Which of the the following expressions is the equivalent of 1 Joule?

a. kg•m2•s2
b. kg•m/s
c. kg•m2/s2
d. kg•m/s2

9. At what point in its motion is the

gravitational potential energy of the
ball at a maximum?

a. at the top of the arc

b. just before the bat strikes it
c. just after the bat strikes it
d. just before it hits the ground

10. Ignoring friction, at what point in its

motion is the kinetic energy of the ball
at a maximum?

a. just before the bat strikes it

b. just before it hits the ground
c. just after the bat strikes it
d. at the top of the arc

11. According to the law of conservation of energy _______.

a. energy cannot be created or destroyed
b. everthing eventually stops moving
c. potential energy must be converted into kinetic energy
d. kinetic energy plus potential energy equals mechanical energy
12. What is the kinetic energy of a 1000 kg car traveling at 20 m/s _______.
a. 200,000 J
b. 20,000 J
c. 40,000 J
d. 20,000,000 J

13. ________ is the ability to cause change.

a. Momentum
b. Work
c. Power
d. Energy

14. Which of the following objects has kinetic energy?

a. a ball rolling across the floor
b. a bicycle parked at the top of the hill
c. leaves lying on the ground beneath a tree
d. a sunny windowsill

15. What two factors determine how much kinetic energy an object has?
a. position and mass
b. speed and position
c. speed and mass
d. speed and surface area

16. ________ is the energy stored in an object due to its position.

a. Potential energy
b. Kinetic energy
c. Thermal energy
d. Power

17. Which of the following objects has potential energy?

a. a glass sitting on a table
b. a ball rolling across the floor
c. a bicycle coasting down a hill
d. a bowling ball knocking over a pin

18. What two factors determine how much potential energy an object has?
a. speed and position
b. speed and mass
c. mass and position
d. speed and surface area

19. The __________ is the SI unit of energy.

a. Watt
b. Joule
c. Ampere
d. Volt

20. ________ is energy stored by things that stretch or compress.

a. Elastic kinetic energy
b. Gravitational potential
c. Elastic potential energy
d. Chemical kinetic energy

21. Energy stored in chemical bonds is __________.

a. chemical potential energy
b. chemical kinetic energy
c. energy activation
d. thermal potential energy

22. What two factors determine how much gravitational potential energy is in
an object?
a. weight of the object and height above the ground
b. weight and speed of the object
c. shape of the object and its position relative to the ground
d. shape and speed of the object

23. How much gravitational potential energy does a 75-kg diver have stepping
off the edge of a 5-m platform?
a. 375 J
b. 15 J
c. 147 J
d. 3,675 J

24. How much kinetic energy does a moving object have if its mass is 100 kg
and it is moving at a speed of 5 meters per second?
a. 2,500 J
b. 250 J
c. 1,250 J
d. 125,000 J

25. Which of the following vehicles has the most kinetic energy?
a. a 1,100-kg car traveling 60 km/h
b. a 900-kg car traveling 80 km/h
c. a 300-kg motorcycle traveling 100 km/h
d. a 2000-kg truck traveling 50 km/h

26. Which of the following statements about an apple falling from a tree is
true?
a. Its kinetic energy decreases and its potential energy increases.
b. Its potential energy decreases and its kinetic energy increases.
c. Its kinetic and potential energies remain constant.
d. Its mechanical energy increases.

27. As energy transformations occur within a system, the total energy of the
system __________.
a. increases
b. decreases
c. is transferred out of the system
d. remains constant

28. During energy transformations, energy is never __________.

a. released as heat
b. used to increase an object’s potential energy
c. completely transformed
d. created or destroyed

29. The total amount of potential and kinetic energy in a system is called
_________.
a. thermal energy
b. complete energy
c. total energy
d. mechanical energy

30. A baseball is hit into the air with a bat. When does the baseball have the
greatest gravitational potential energy?
a. when it reaches its highest point
b. when it leaves the bat
c. when it hits the ground
d. when the mechanical and kinetic energies of the baseball are equal

31. Which of the following is NOT a form of energy?

a. friction
b. thermal
c. electrical
d. chemical

32. To lift a bookshelf, you can apply a force of 50 N to a wedge. The wedge
applies a force of 800 N to the bookshelf. What is the mechanical
advantage of the wedge?
a. 20
b. 18
c. 16
d. 22

33. What is the efficiency of a ramp if you do 175 J of work pushing a 12-kg
box up the ramp, and the ramp does 125 J of work?
a. 59%
b. 71%
c. 68%
d. 85%

34. How far do you have to push a 5.5-kg box to do 38 J of work if you use a
force of 22 N?

a. 0.3 m
b. 1.7 m
c. 3.2 m
d. 9.5m

35. A ramp in a building is an example of which machine?

a. wedge
b. lever
c. inclined plane
d. pulley

36. The efficiency of all machine is__________________.

a. more than 100%
b. exactly 100%
c. impossible to calculate
d. less than 100%

37. Which is an example of work being done in a scientific sense?

a. carrying a box
b. pushing against a stationary box
c. lifting a box
d. doing homework

38. Which one is the four correct simple machines?

a. inclined plane, lever, wheel and axle, and pulley
b. wedge, lever, pulley, and wheel
c. plane, lever, screw, and wedge
d. screw, lever, wedge, and plane

39. Using an inclined plane allows you to apply __________.

a. no force
b. the same force
c. lesser force
d. a greater force

40. The gravitational potential energy of a ball-Earth system changes when

which factor change?
a. the ball’s shape
b. the ball’s size
c. the ball’s mass
d. the ball’s temperature

41. How can lubricant increase efficiency of a machine?

a. by reducing friction
b. by increase potential energy
c. by reducing power
d. by reducing work

42. Which of the following is not a form of mechanical energy?

a. Elastic potential energy
b. Gravitational potential energy
c. Chemical potential energy
d. Kinetic energy

43. Power is ______________________.

a. the rate at which work is done
b. the rate of using force
c. the rate of motion
d. the ability to cause change

44. Which of the following cannot be done by a machine?

a. increase speed
b. increase force
c. change the direction of a force
d. increase force and speed at the same time

45. Which of the following transform electrical energy into radiant energy?
a. Sun
b. Televisions
c. Electric stoves
d. Electric heater