Engineers & Society: Class Activity

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY
INTRODUCTION TO
ENGINEERS &
SOCIETY
CHAPTER ONE
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CLASS ACTIVITY
• Form a group consisting of five (5) members.

• Discuss and share your thoughts on the following:
What do civil engineers do?
What skills and qualities should an engineer have?
What are your expectations when you start your career as an engineer?
How will you contribute to society as an engineer?
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WHAT IS ENGINEERING?
• Engineering is the application of scientific and mathematical principles, along with

experience, judgement and common sense, to practical purposes of the design,
analysis and operation of structures, machines and systems.
• While science allows us to gain an understanding of the world and the universe,
engineering enables this understanding to come to life through problem solving,
designing and building things.
Scientists investigate that which already is.

Engineers create that which has never been.
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• The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) defines

“engineering” as
the profession in which knowledge of the

mathematical and natural sciences gained by
study, experience, and practice applied with
judgement to develop ways to utilise,
economically, the materials and forces of
nature for the benefit of mankind
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Engineering is an art
• Aesthetics as well as function found
in the many marvels of engineering,
both ancient and modern, is an
engineering genius in the form of art.
• Engineers are the ones who make
architects’ dreams come true.
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Engineering is an
approximation
• The mathematics of engineering
system are often used to solve
engineering problems.
• There are many solutions. The aim is
to arrive at a good solution, which is
a creative activity that requires
imagination and decision-making.
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Engineering is about
measurement, estimation
and projection
• Water contamination, noise and
vibration from transport, air quality,
traffic volume, river flow, etc. are just
some of the many useful parameters
studied by engineers.
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modelling and simulation
• By using technological advancements
such as software applications,
validation and verification of an
engineering analysis are performed
through modelling and simulation.
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communication and
delivery
• Producing technical reports,
delivering presentations and dealing
with people (employers, colleagues,
clients, and the general public) are all
fundamental to engineering practice.
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innovation
• New devices, material selection and
viable processes are developed by
engineers to meet the requirement
that existing technology do not
address.
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CIVIL ENGINEERING
• Civil Engineering is the improvement

of civil society through the
application of scientific knowledge.
• Civil requirements in today’s society
are focused on meeting basic human
needs and assisting people in their
daily lives.
• These needs are met by improving
infrastructure and common utilities.
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CIVIL ENGINEERING
• Environmental consideration in civil

engineering ensures that all
structures and utilities are safe,
economical and environmentally-
sound.
• Civil engineering is a wide-ranging
profession that includes several
specialised sub-disciplines, such as
structural engineering, transportation
engineering, geotechnical engineering JST Factory, Gelang Patah, Johor
and water resources engineering.
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THE CIVIL ENGINEER
• Civil engineers are practitioners of

civil engineering.
• Civil engineers are highly trained
professionals who conceive, design,
construct, supervise, operate and
maintain infrastructure projects and
systems such as roads, buildings,
airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and
water supply systems.
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THE CIVIL ENGINEER
• Many civil engineers hold supervisory

or administrative positions ranging
from site supervisor to city engineer,
public works director, and city
manager.
• They are tasked with ensuring that
projects adhere to budgetary and
environmental requirements, and safe
work practices are followed at
construction sites.
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THE CIVIL ENGINEER
• Other civil engineers work in design,

construction, research, and teaching.
• Civil engineers may work indoors in
offices or outdoors at construction
sites. Some jobs may require frequent
relocation to different areas and
offices in jobsite trailers.
• Civil engineers work with others on
projects and may be assisted by civil
engineering technicians.
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WHAT DO CIVIL ENGINEERS DO?
Analyse long range plans, survey reports, maps, and other data to plan and design projects
Consider construction costs, government regulations, potential environmental hazards,

and other factors during the planning and risk-analysis stages of a project
Compile and submit permit applications to local, state, and federal agencies, verifying
that projects comply with various regulations
Oversee and analyse the results of soil testing to determine the adequacy and strength
of foundations
Analyse the results of tests on building materials, such as concrete, wood, asphalt, or steel, for
use in particular projects
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WHAT DO CIVIL ENGINEERS DO?
Prepare cost estimates for materials, equipment, or labour to determine a project’s economic
feasibility
Use design software to plan and design transportation systems, hydraulic systems, and
structures in line with industry and government standards
Perform or oversee surveying operations to establish building locations, site layouts,

reference points, grades, and elevations to guide construction
Manage the repair, maintenance, and replacement of public and private infrastructure
Present findings to the public on topics such as bid proposals, environmental impact
statements, or property descriptions
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ESSENTIAL SKILLS A CIVIL ENGINEER MUST HAVE
Team
Technical Creativity
Player
Critical
Communication Visualisation
Thinking
Decision-
Leadership
making
Problem-
Management
solving
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CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD CIVIL ENGINEER
Integrity Optimistic Adaptable
Zealous Rational Calm
Motivated Confident
Responsible Reliable
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BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER
• Professional engineers (PE or P.Eng) in

Malaysia bear the title “Ir.”, which
stands for “ingenieur”.
• To gain this status, you need to
complete your education, register as a
new engineer, complete three years of
professional experience and pass an
examination proving you have attained
the expertise necessary to handle
projects or research independently.
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• PE licensure is the engineering profession's

highest standard of competence, a symbol of
achievement and assurance of quality.
• To a client, it means you have got the
credentials to earn their trust. To an
employer, it signals your ability to take on a
higher level of responsibility. Among your
colleagues, it demands respect. To yourself, it
is a symbol of pride and measure of your own
hard-won achievement.
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Graduate Engineer
• Once you obtain an engineering degree that is accredited by the Board of Engineers
Malaysia (BEM) and Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC), you can apply to
register as a graduate engineer.
• A Graduate Engineer who is registered with BEM may take up employment which
requires him to perform professional engineering services.
• A Graduate Engineer will be entitled to describe himself or hold himself out under
any name, style or title using the abbreviation “Grad.Eng.” after his name or in any
way associate with his name.
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Professional Engineer
• After three years as a graduate engineer, you can apply to become a professional
engineer.
• A Professional Engineer who is registered with BEM may:
• take up employment which requires him to carry out or perform professional
engineering services;
• be entitled to describe himself or hold himself out under any name, style or title
• bearing the words "Professional Engineer" or the equivalent thereto in any other
language;
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• bearing any other word whatsoever in any language which may reasonably be
construed to imply that he is a Professional Engineer; or
• using the abbreviation “Ir.” before his name or the abbreviation “P.Eng.” after his
name or in any way in association with his name;
• use or display any sign, board, card or other device representing or implying that he
is a Professional Engineer;
• use the stamp as may be determined by BEM.
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Route to becoming a Professional Engineer in Malaysia
Route 1: Professional Assessment Examination
Route 2: Corporate Member of Institute of Engineers Malaysia (IEM)
Route 3: Overseas Regulatory Body
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Route 1: Professional Assessment Examination

i. obtained 3 years practical experience as specified in Regulation 22(1) which shall
include the following:
a. at least two years of general training that will provide a sound basis for
professional development; and
b. at least one year of professional career development and training providing
wide exposure to the various managerial and technical expertise in
engineering practice where;
c. at least one year of the above training must be obtained in Malaysia under the
supervision of a Professional Engineer in the same branch of engineering as
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that practised by the Graduate Engineer.

• Professional Engineers in other related branches of engineering may be
accepted with the prior approval of the Board.
ii. has passed a Professional Assessment Examination conducted by BEM.
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Route 2: Corporate Member of IEM

1. a Corporate Member of the Institution of Engineers Malaysia (IEM).
2. has complied with the requirements as determined by BEM as follows:
i. has obtained 3 years practical experience as specified in Regulation 22(1)
which shall include the following:
a. at least two years of general training that will provide a sound basis for
professional development; and
b. at least one year of professional career development and training providing
wide exposure to the various managerial and technical expertise in
engineering practice where;
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c. at least one year of the above training must be obtained in Malaysia under
the supervision of a Professional Engineer in the same branch of
engineering as that practised by the Graduate Engineer.
• Professional Engineers in other related branches of engineering may be
accepted with the prior approval of BEM.
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Route 3: Overseas Regulatory Body

i. The applicant need not sit and pass the Professional Assessment Examination or
be corporate member of IEM.
ii. Applicant shall submit to BEM a certified latest Professional Engineer Certificate
issued by a Regulatory Body of other country.
iii. The professional engineers status shall be check that it is equivalent to BEM’s
professional engineer qualifications eligibility.
iv. The applicant is not entitle to be registered as a Professional Engineer if at any
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time prior to his registration there exist any facts or circumstances which would
have entitled the Disciplinary Committee to cancel his registration pursuant to
Section 15 of the Registration of Engineers Act 1967 (Revised 2015).
v. Summary of practical experience not less than 3 years using company letterhead
certified by a PE in same branch of engineering at which the applicant did his
practical experience and;
vi. has complied with the requirements as determined by BEM.
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ENGINEERING INSTITUTIONS IN MALAYSIA
• An engineering institution (association or society) is a professional organisation for

engineers of various disciplines. Some are umbrella-type organisations that accept
different disciplines, while others are discipline-specific.
• By becoming a member of an engineering institution, you will:
• meet other engineers that will help build and expand your professional network.
• gain access to online resources such as manuals, standards, journals, reports and
conference proceedings.
• get updates on new policies and standards.
• have the opportunity to join events such as meetings, forums, technical courses,
conferences, campaigns and community programs.
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• be part of a support network that provides practical, legal, business and financial advice.
• gain knowledge and experience under the mentorship program for graduate engineers
who aspire to become professional engineers.
• be able to give back to society by becoming mentors to young engineers and inspiring
students who aspire to become engineers.
• In Malaysia, there are several institutions that a civil engineer can be a member of:
• Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM)
• Institute of Engineers Malaysia (IEM)
• Institution of Engineering and Technology Malaysia (IET)
• Malaysian Society of Engineering and Technology (MySET)
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• Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia (ACEM)

• Road Engineering Association of Malaysia (REAM)
• Concrete Society of Malaysia (CSM)
• Cement & Concrete Society of Malaysia (C&CA)
• Transportation Science Society of Malaysia (TSSM)
• Malaysian Hydrological Society (MHS)
• Malaysian Geotechnical Society (MGS)
• Association of Environmental Consultants & Contractors in Malaysia (AECCOM)
• Malaysian Green Building Confederation (MGBC)
• Malaysian Water Association (MWA)
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Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM)

• A statutory authority founded in 1972 representing the engineering profession in
Malaysia, with over 100,000 members.
• Under the administration of the Ministry of Works and established under the
Registration of Engineers Act 1967.
• Primary roles:
1. To facilitate the registration of Professional Engineers, Graduate Engineers, Accredited
Checkers, Engineering Technologists, Inspectors of Works and Engineering Consultancy
Practices.
2. To regulate the professional conduct and practice of registered person in order to safeguard
the safety and interest of the public.
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• Functions:
1. Maintain the register, which contains the names, addresses and other
particulars of all registered persons.
2. Process applications for registration by scrutinising applications to ensure
compliance with the Act and the policy of BEM.
3. Assess academic qualifications offered by local educational institutions:
a. Engineering degree programmes, assessed by the Engineering
Accreditation Council (EAC).
b. Engineering technology programmes, assessed by the Engineering
Technology Accreditation Council (ETAC).
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4. Regulate the conduct and ethics of the engineering profession.

5. Hear and determine disputes relating to professional conduct and ethics of
registered engineers.
6. Fix the scale of fees by determining mode of remuneration, quantum and
conditions of payment.
7. Act as a stakeholder in a contract for professional engineering services when
requested.
8. Publish “The Ingenieur”, a quarterly magazine used as a communication tool
for BEM to disseminate information such as activities, regulations, code of
ethics, career development and guidelines.
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9. Promote continued learning and education by:

a. providing financial assistance to a seminar or conference organised by a
non-profit making organisations.The seminar or conference must be
technical one that will benefit the registered engineers.
b. giving grants to selected types of study related to engineering, or
contributing prizes for selected competitions related to engineering.
c. encouraging all registered engineers to continually improve themselves
through Continuous Professional Development (CPD) programmes.
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Institute of Engineers Malaysia (IEM)

• Established in 1959 with over 30,000 members, IEM promotes and advances the
science and profession of engineering in any or all of its disciplines, and facilitates the
exchange of information and ideas related to engineers.
• Mission:
• promote sound professional engineering practice in support of the socio-economic
development objectives of the nation.
• service the needs and interests of its members and the public and uphold the social standing
image of the engineering profession.
• contribute towards nation building and shall strive to enhance society's consciousness of
science an technology.
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• Objectives:
• To hold meetings, exhibitions and visits, and such other activities that are incidental
or conducive to the promotion or attainment of the profession of engineering.
• To raise the character and status, and advance the interests of the profession of
engineering and those engaged therein.
• To promote honourable practice and professional etiquette among members.
• To communicate to members information on all matters affecting the profession of
engineering and to print, publish, issue and circulate such publications.
• To do such other things the Institution may think incidental or conducive to the
attainment of the aforesaid objectives.
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• Membership:
• IEM memberships consists of two classes: Corporate Members and Non-
Corporate Members.
• Corporate Members are all engineers and may be either one of these 6 grades:
• Distinguished Honorary Fellow
• Honorary Fellow
• Fellow
• Distinguished Member
• Senior Member
• Member
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• Only Corporate Members are eligible to vote, to requisition meetings and to be

elected to the Council.
• Non-Corporate Members may be either one of these 9 grades:
• Distinguished Honorary Fellow • Affiliate Member
• Honorary Fellow • Associate Member
• Honorary Member • Student Member
• Companion
• Graduate Member
• Incorporated Member
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THE TECHNOLOGICAL SPECTRUM
• Engineers work as members of teams, and there may be a full spectrum of individuals
involved. The technological team may include:
Engineers
Scientists
Engineering Technologists
Technicians
Craftspeople
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Scientists Engineering Technologists
• Scientists engage in scientific research • Technologists are taught the current

activity and produce information in the design practice, rather than the
form of reports or publications in conceptual skills and theoretical
recognised scientific journals. knowledge needed for advancement of
• By means of publication, the scientist’s the state of the art (which is typically
work is communicated throughout the the domain of engineers).
world to others who are doing similar • They work in the part of the spectrum
work, perhaps to aid them in their that lies between the engineer and the
own work or to be subjected to technician, in product development,
further analysis. manufacturing planning, construction
supervision and technical sales.
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Technicians Craftspeople
• Technicians generally do not possess the • Craftsmen / craftswomen are

knowledge of mathematics and science indispensable members of the
that engineers and engineering technological team who make the first
technologists do, but they are highly units that physically embody the
skilled in certain support functions engineers’ designs.
needed by R&D teams, such as drafting, • They possess the skills of tool and die
surveying, inspection and installation, field makers, and are often resourceful and
service and maintenance. creative.
• Technicians are capable of discharging • They make significant contributions to
some of the simpler phases of design and the design of the project by suggesting
are encouraged to do so in the interest simplifications, easier machining methods
of efficiency. and avoidance of potential service
problems.
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ENGINEERING IN SOCIETY
• Engineering turns science into something

tangible and useful to society. Engineering is
about creating something based on the request
Scientific
Knowledge from society. Engineers fulfil this need by
creating a complete product using scientific
ENGINEERING knowledge.
• Society is rarely exposed to “engineering”. The
Societal Needs word “science” is more easily understood and
society has the impression that science is
directly applied to society. But it is engineering
that is directly applied to society.
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• Society relates civil engineering with structures, but it is also about maintaining and
adapting the infrastructure that we depend on every day such as roads, railways and
bridges; energy and water supply; waste networks and flood defences.
• Civil engineers have to keep this infrastructure running effectively and adapt it to
meet challenges, which include population growth, climate change and natural
disasters.
• In some cases, they must also find ways to deliver the infrastructure needed under
budgetary constraints.
• In short, civil engineers have to come up with solutions to complex problems and
implement them. It is not just a job, but a social responsibility.
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• Civil engineers are responsible for the following societal needs:
Connect Supply Protect
• Highways • Electricity • Flood Mitigation

• Rail Transport • Clean Water • Coastal Protection
• Bridges • Gas • Slope Stabilisation
• Pedestrian Facilities • Logistics • Road Crash Barriers
• Tunnels • Irrigation • Earthquake-Resistant
• Airports • Drainage Buildings
• Ports & Harbours • Overhead and • Disaster Prevention
• Canals Underground Cables and Management
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INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT (5%)
• Prepare and submit an original multimedia presentation using PowerPoint, Prezi,

PowToon, etc. about the following topic that is assigned to you.
Evolution of civil engineering # 1 – 15
The most influential civil engineers in the world # 16 – 30

according to
Student List
Modern day marvels of civil engineering # 31 – 45
Outstanding civil engineering achievements in Malaysia # 46 – 60
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BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

• Form a group consisting of five (5) members.

What do civil engineers do?

What skills and qualities should an engineer have?

How will you contribute to society as an engineer?

• Engineering is the application of scientific and mathematical principles, along with

Scientists investigate that which already is.

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

• The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) defines

the profession in which knowledge of the

Capital Gate, Abu Dhabi

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

• Civil Engineering is the improvement

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

• Environmental consideration in civil

THE CIVIL ENGINEER

• Civil engineers are practitioners of

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

THE CIVIL ENGINEER

• Many civil engineers hold supervisory

THE CIVIL ENGINEER

• Other civil engineers work in design,

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

WHAT DO CIVIL ENGINEERS DO?

Consider construction costs, government regulations, potential environmental hazards,

WHAT DO CIVIL ENGINEERS DO?

Perform or oversee surveying operations to establish building locations, site layouts,

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

ESSENTIAL SKILLS A CIVIL ENGINEER MUST HAVE

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD CIVIL ENGINEER

Integrity Optimistic Adaptable

Zealous Rational Calm

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER

• Professional engineers (PE or P.Eng) in

BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER

• PE licensure is the engineering profession's

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER

BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER

BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER

Route to becoming a Professional Engineer in Malaysia

Route 1: Professional Assessment Examination

Route 2: Corporate Member of Institute of Engineers Malaysia (IEM)

Route 3: Overseas Regulatory Body

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER

Route 1: Professional Assessment Examination

BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER

that practised by the Graduate Engineer.

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER

Route 2: Corporate Member of IEM

BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY

BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER

Route 3: Overseas Regulatory Body