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Seismic Retrofitting
Dr K M Soni
Chief Engineer, CPWD, Mumbai
Major Disasters Worldwide
Sl. Name of Event Year Country and Fatalities in the
No. Region known history
1 Earthquake 1556 China, Shaanxi 830000
2 Earthquake 1731 China 100000
3 Cyclone 1737 India, Calcutta 300000
4 Yellow River flood 1887 China 9,00,000-20,00,000
5 Messina Earthquake 1908 Italy 123000
6 Earthquake 1920 China, Gansu 235000
7 Great Kanto Earthquake 1923 Japan 142000
8 Great Chinese Famine 1958-1961 China 150,00,000-
1958-1961 China 430,00,000
9 Bhola Cyclone 1970 West Bengal, 5,00,000
India & B/desh
10 Tangshan Earthquake 1976 China 2,42,419
4th July 2017 Disaster management 2
HAITI’S E/Q, 12.1.2010; DEATHS-3,16,000; MAGNITUDE:7
1. Surface Preparation
• Loose and carbonated concrete removal all-
around reinforcement
2. Fix Shear Connectors, if required
3. Apply bonding layer over Substrate concrete
4. Apply Passivating Coat over Steel
Reinforcement
5. Apply repair – Cement based repairs or
– Resin based repairs, or
– Sprayed concrete (shotcrete)
• POROSITY OF CONCRETE
CODES
◦ IS 13935 (JUNE 2009) – GUIDELINES FOR REPAIR,
RESTORATION, CONDITION ASSESSMENT AND
SEISMIC STRENGTHEING OF MASONRY BUILDINGS
PLINTH BAND
LINTEL BAND
ROOF SLAB/ROOF BAND
CORNER REINFORCEMENT
BRICK WORK IN CEMENT MORTAR OF
1:6
RESTRICTED OPENINGS
ADEQUATE FOUNDATION
REPAIR/REHABILITATION
ALL CRACKS SHOULD BE FULLY REPAIRED
◦ PRESSURE INJECTION OF NON-SHRINK CEMENT
POLYMER GROUT FOR 0.5 TO 5 MM CRACKS
◦ REPAIR BY EXPANSIVE CEMENT MORTAR, QUICK
SETTING CEMENT, ADDL. SHEAR OR FLEXURAL
REINFORCEMENT, STEEL MESH, STEEL RODS
TO BE PROVIDED
◦ ON ALL WALLS
◦ ON BOTH THE FACES
◦ JUST ABOVE THE LINTEL
◦ BELOW ROOF
◦ BELOW FLOOR
◦ IN CASE OF RCC SLAB ROOF BELT NOT REQUIRED
◦ NOT REQUIRED AT PLINTH LEVEL UNLESS PLINTH
HEIGHT IS MORE THAN 900 MM
SPEC. FOR
VERITICAL
REINFORCEM
ENT
TRAINERS IMPLEMENTERS
PARTICIPANTS
4th July 2017 Disaster management 151
151
Item 1
• Providing and fixing 250 mm wide or required
size seismic belt for retrofitting with 12 gauge
(2.64 mm dia) galvanized iron welded mesh
with 25 mm spacing of wire on walls at
required height (inside and out side the
building ) fixed in position with headed nails at
required distance complete as per direction of
Engineer-in-charge. (Cut end of wire mesh to
be painted with NitoZinc Primer)
4th July 2017 Disaster management 152
Item 2
• Providing and fixing stainless steel anchors of 8 mm dia
(HAS-EM8 x 80 / 14) of HILTI or equivalent on GI wire
mesh at required distance in staggered position i/c
drilling of 10 mm dia hole with HILTI hammer drill
machine TE-6S or equivalent and cleaning of hole by
brush and blow out pump. Anchors shall be fixed by
resin and hardener pack of HILTI make HY-150/330/2R
or equivalent (35 holes per tube of 330 ml) chemical.
Mesh will be fixed with MS washer of size 50x50x5 mm
painted with NitoZinc primer (FOSROC) on top of the
mesh with anchor screwed with nut complete as per
direction of Engineer- in- charge.