भज

ू ल सच
ू ना पस्ु तिका
गया स्जला, बिहार
Ground Water Information Booklet
Gaya District, Bihar State

केन्द्रीय भमू िजल बोर्ड Central Ground water Board

जल संसाधन िंत्रालय
Ministry of Water Resources
(Govt. of India)
(भारि सरकार) Mid-Eastern Region
मध्य-पर्व
ू ी क्षेत्र Patna
पटना

ससिंिर 2013
September 2013
Prepared By:- D.G.Dastidar, Scientist ‘C’
 GAYA DISTRICT AT A GLANCE

Sl. Statistics
No.
1. GENERAL INFORMATION
I Geographical Area (Sq. Km.) 4976
II Administrative Divisions 4
No. of Panchayats/Villages 332/2860
Number of Tehsil/Block 24

III Population (As per 2011 Census) 4379383

IV Average Annual Rainfall (mm) 1086
2 GEOMORPHOLOGY
Major Physiographic Units 1. Unconsolidated sand and
weathered and fractured
Major Drainages Falgu, Morhar, Dardha,
Paimar
3 LAND USE
a) Forest Area 778.36
b) Net Area Sown 1705.22
c) Total Cropped Area 2037.13 sq. km
4 MAJOR SOIL TYPES Alfisol, Entisols.
5 PRINCIPAL CROPS
6 IRRIGATION BY DIFFERENT SOURCES
(Area in hectares)
Dugwells
Tubewells/Borewells (STW) 1,20,000
Tanks/ponds
Canals 5000
Other Sources 1000
Net Irrigated Area 1,26,000
Gross Irrigated Area 1,64,000
7 NUMBER OF GROUND WATER
MONITERING WELLS OF CGWB (2011)
No. of Dugwells 10
No. of Piezometers Nil
8 PREDOMINANT GEOLOGICAL 1.Granitic Gneiss
FORMATIONS 2.Alluvium.
9 HYDROGEOLOGY
Major water bearing formations 1.Weathered & Fractured
Granite
2. Alluvium
Pre-monsoon Depth to water level during 2011 6 - 15 m bgl
Post-monsoon Depth to water level during 2011 1.55 – 5.78 m bgl
Long term water level trend in last 10 yrs(2002 – No significant decline
 2011) in m/yr
10 GROUND WATER EXPLORATION BY
CGWB (As on 31-03-2013)
No. of well drilled (EW,OW, PZ, SH, Total) EW=11, OW=9
Depth Range (m) 31.18– 150.48 m bgl
Discharge (lps) 2.6-35.67
Storativity (s) 1.2x10-3 to 1.4x10-5
Transmissitivity (m2/day) 126– 168
11 GROUND WATER QUALITY
Presence of Chemical constituents more than the F
permissible limit (e.g.EC, F, As)
Type of Water Potable
12 DYNAMIC GROUND WATER RESOURCES
(as on 31st March 2009) In ha m.
Annual Replenishible Ground Water Resources 1046.34
Net Annual Ground Water Draft 506.64
Projected Demand for Domestic and Industrial 123.9
Uses up to 2025
Stage of Ground Water Development 48.4%
13 AWARENESS AND TRAINING ACTIVITY
AWARENESS AND TRAINING ACTIVITY -
Mass Awareness Programmes organized 01
Date: 23/5/05, participants-230
Place: Gaya town hall
Water Management Training Programmes 01
Date 24/3/11
Place Magadh University
No. of Participants 60
14 GROUND WATER CONTROL AND
REGULATION
No. of OE Blocks Nil
No. of Critical Blocks Nil
No. of Blocks Notified Nil
15 MAJOR GROUND WATER PROBLEMS AND High Fluoride (F) reported at
ISSUES places
Note: Latest available data may be incorporated
CONTENTS

DISTRICT AT A GLANCE.

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Location, Area and Administrative Details
1.2 Basin/Sub-Basin and Drainage
1.3 Agriculture and Irrigation Practices
1.4 Studies/Activities carried by CGWB
2. CLIMATE AND RAINFALL
3. GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SOIL
3.1 Geomorphology
3.2 Soil

4. GROUND WATER SCENARIO

4.1 Water Bearing Formations
4.2 Depth to Water Level
4.3 Ground Water Quality
4.4 Ground Water Resources
4.5 Status of ground water development

5. GROUND WATER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

5.1 Ground Water Development

5.2 Water Conservation and Artificial Recharge:

6. GROUND WATER RELATED ISSUES AND PROBLEMS:

7. MASS AWARENESS AND TRAINING PROGRAMME:

8. AREA NOTIFIED BY CENTRAL GROUND WATER

AUTHORITY/ STATE GROUND WATER AUTHORITY

9. RECOMMENDATION
LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Location of Exploratory wells

Table 2 Major Chemical parameters of ground water samples of HNS collected
during Pre-Monsoon 2011 in Bihar State

Table 3 Ground Water Resource of the district as on 31st March 2009

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Administrative map of Gaya district, Bihar with block boundaries road (rail)
networks

Figure 2 Hydrogeological map of Gaya district, Bihar

Figure 3
Pre- monsoon depth to water level map of Gaya district, Bihar.

Figure 4
Post- monsoon depth to water level map of Gaya district, Bihar.

Figure 5 Blockwise Dynamic Ground Water (GW) Resource of Gaya district

1.0INTRODUCTION
1.1 Administrative Details
Gaya district spreading over an area of 4976 sq.km (Figure-1) lies between North latitudes
24°30´: 25° 06´ 00´´ and East longitudes 84° 24´ 00´´ : 85° 30´ 00´´ with its headquarter at Gaya
The district is divided into 4 sub-divisions - Tekari ,Gaya sadar, Neem Chak Bathani, Sherghati and
24 administrative blocks namely i) Konch ii) Tikari iii) Belaganj iv) Khizarsarai v) Neem Chak
Bathani vi) Muhra vii) Atri viii) Manpur ix) Gaya x) Paraiya xi) Guraru xii) Gurua xiii) Amas xiv)
Banke bazaar xv) Imamganj xvi) Dumaria xvii) Sherghati xviii) Dobhi xix) Bodh Gaya xx) Tan
Kuppa xxi) Wazirganj xxii) Fatehpur xxiii) Mohanpur xxiv) Barachatti. The district is bounded in
the north by Arwal, Jahanabad and Nalanda districts, in the east by Nawada and west by
Aurangabad district. The southern part is bounded by Jharkhand state. The total population of
Gaya district as per the 2011 census is 4379383 persons with urban population of 575495 persons
and the rural population of 3803888 persons.

Fig 1. Administrative Map of the district

1.2 Basin/Sub-Basin and Drainage
 The district falls under Punpun sub-basin of the Ganga basin. The drainage network in the
district is represented by four parallel streams, the Morhar, the Phalgu, the Paimar and the Dhadhar
all emanating from the southern plateau and flowing north and northeasterly. The river Phalgu
flows from south to north through the area. It is formed by the union of two streams namely Lilajan
and Mohana. Lilajan and Mohana are two large hilly streams originating in Hazaribagh Plateau.
The width of the Phalgu at the junction of these two streams is about 274 m. These two united
streams named as river Phalgu flows northwardly and pass by the town of Gaya where it its width is
nearly 825 m. The streams, Lilajan and Mohana bring in high floodwater during the peak rainy
season. Otherwise they flow as tiny rivulets meandering through wide sandy beds.

1.3Agriculture and Irrigation Practices

Urban and rural areas mainly depend on Socio-economic and Socio-cultural factors. The salient
features of land use pattern in the district (2008-09) are given below:-
Area under forest: 77836 hectares
Barren & uncultivable land: 27541 hectares
Land put to non-agril use: 72923 hectares
Barren Unculturable Area: 27541 hectares
Permanent pastures: 2098 hectares
Other fallow land: 11463 hectares
Current fallow: 124267 hectares
Net sown area: 170522 hectares
Gross cropped area; 203713 hectares
Area sown more than once: 27677 hectares
Net area irrigated: 126000 hectares
Gross Irrigated area; 164000 hectares

Source: Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Govt. of Bihar

Agricultural activity in the area is by and large confined to the traditional kharif cultivation
depending primarily on monsoon rainfall and rabi cultivation in localized patches where irrigation
facilities are available. The major kharif crops grown are paddy, maize while among the rabi crops
wheat, pulses and mustard are important. As per available statistics, out of the gross cropped area of
203713 hectares, 164000 hectares are irrigated by different sources of irrigation e.g. tubewells,
dugwells, tanks, rivers and age old ahar-pyne system.
1.4 Studies/Activities carried out by CGWB
Central Ground Water Board has carried out hydrogeological surveys and ground water
exploration in the district. Ground water regime monitoring is carried out 4 times annually from 15
HNS wells in the district. Water samples are collected during the month of May to study the
changes in water quality along with monitoring of pre-monsoon water level. Mass awareness and
training programmes were organized in the district.

2.0Climate and rainfall

The area experiences a continental monsoon type of climate owing to its great distance from
the sea. The climate is extreme and comprises three broad seasons-the summer, the monsoon and
the winter. The summer months from the middle of March to May are characterized by hot blasts of
westerly winds commonly known as ‘loo’. The peak of summer is in May when mercury shoots to
460C. The cold spell starts from December and continues till end of February. During this period
the mercury drops down to as low as 40C.

The monsoon sets in the end of June. The months of July and August receive the maximum
rainfall when average maximum rainfall of 338.4 and 231.3 mm is recorded. The annual normal
rainfall of the district (1901-1970) is 1086 mm. As per available rainfall data, the district of Gaya
received annual rainfall between 568.5 mm and 1109 mm over a period of 2004 to 2009.

3.0 GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SOIL TYPES

Geomorphologically, the district can be classified into four distinct geomorphic units
namely a) rocky upland b) plateau and the pediplain c) high level marginal alluvial terrace (Dobhi-
Gaya terrace) and d) Sone-Ganga plain.
While the upland, plateau and the pediplain constitute the erosional landscape, the depositional
landscape is potrayed by Dobhi-Gaya stretch of the terrace and the Sone-Ganga plain.
Rocky upland: the southern hill tracts along the border of the district, the extension of the
Rajgir hills on the northeast and the hills around Gaya constitute this unit. These hills are outcrops
of Chotanagpur Plateau and stand as inliers. The Gaya town is surrounded by Ramshila hill (218 m
height) on northern side, Katari hill (having 130 m height) towards west, and Brahma-yoni hill on
the southern side (266 m height). Towards North-West of township at a distance of about 24 Km,
there stands the Prêt-shila hill (266 m height).
Plateau and the Pediplain: the southern plateau represent the oldest table land having
mature, dissected and rolling topography. The pediplain is covered by residual soil and slope and
sheetwash deposits from bordering hills and inliers.

High level marginal alluvial terrace (Dobhi-Gaya terrace): this is the highest and oldest
alluvial plain and always lies above the flood level of the present day river because it is the highest
and the oldest alluvial plain, made up of the sediments brought from the erosion of the hills. The
contact of the terrace and the pediplain is always transitional as the colluvial deposit often overlaps
or interfinger with the alluvial sediments.

Sone-Ganga plain: this unit, primarily high level flood plain of the Ganga and the Sone
rivers constitutes the intermediate alluvial plain between the terrace and the present day course of
the two rivers. This presents flat, depositional topography consisting of unoxidised Quaternary
alluvial deposit. This geomorphic unit, lying 80-100 m above msl lies to the north and northwest of
Paraiya-Khizirsarai belt.

Sandy soil, red and yellow soil and younger alluvial soil are the important soil types of the area.
The Sandy soil, red and yellow soil are restricted to the southern and northeastern parts of the
area occupied by the plateau, the pediplain and the high level marginal alluvial plain (terrace).
These soils are locally called balwat, balmat or balsundri, which are extremely deficient in
nitrogen and organic matter and hence infertile. younger alluvial soil is restricted to the Sone-Ganga
plain. The soil consists chiefly of loam with a small proportion of sand and clay (kewal). The soils
of this tract are rich in nitrogen and calcium and thus are fertile.

4.0 GROUND WATER SCENARIO

4.1. Water Bearing Formations
The district can be divided into two main units viz, (A) Fissured formations, and (B) Porous
formations (Figure-2).
(A) Fissured formations: The ground water occurs under unconfined conditions in the weathered
zone which acts as a good repository of groundwater. The thickness of weathered zone varies from
2.0 m to 10.0 m in high ground, and 10 m to 15 m in the low lying valley areas. A thin saprolitic
zone, varying in thickness from 0.5 m to 3 m, underlies these weathered and fractured zones. The
ground water occurs under semi-confined condition in the fractures underlying the weathered
formation. The movement of ground water is controlled by joints, fissures and other planes of
structural weakness, and is dependent on the extent, size, openings, continuity and interconnections
of fractures.. They form potential repositories of groundwater in the fissured rocks consisting of
granite gneisses, mica-schist, quartzite and other associated rocks of Pre-Cambrian age. The
boreholes drilled by C.G.W.B. in the hard rock terrain have tapped fractures at variable depth from
14 m. to 98 m. The yield was observed to vary 2.6 m3 /hr to 35.67 m3 /hr at a reasonable drawdown
(Table). The transmissivity of fractures within 100 m depth in granite gneiss varies from 126
m2/day to 168 m2/day and the storativity varies from 1.2*10-3 to 1.4*10-5. In Gaya district,
altogether 11exploratory wells and 9 observation wells have been drilled to decipher the potential
fracture zones in hard rock formation. The exploratory results reveal that the lineaments trending N-
S and NE-SW are potential from the ground water point of view.

Fig 2 . Hydrogeological Map of Gaya district

(B) Porous Formation: The Quaternary alluvium occurring in the central valley (Dobhi-Gaya
terrace) as well as the Sone-Ganga plain constitute this hydrogeological unit. It consists of alluvial
sediments, made up of gravels, sands, silt and clays. The gravel and medium to coarse-grained sand
layers are good groundwater repositories. The thickness of the alluvium deposit is nearly 30-50 m,
but the actual thickness of the aquifer varies from 15 m to 20 m. In the alluvium the ground water is
under water-table condition. It can sustain a yield of 25 m3 /hr to 40 m3 /hr on an average.

The exploratory drilling in Gaya district is confined to hard rock areas only. The results
show that there exist good ground water development prospect in the district upto 100 m depth.
Shallow bore wells of 50 m depth yield 10-15 m3/hr of fresh ground water. The deeper borewells
of 100 m depth may yield of 15-30 m3/hr. The sub surface correlation aquifer indicates increase in
thickness of sandy horizon eastwards towards river Falgu.
4.2 Depth to water level
In order to assess the temporal and spatial behaviour of ground water levels over
the years 10 ground water monitoring wells were monitored during pre- and post-
monsoon periods in the year 2011

. Fig 3. Depth to Water Level (Pre-Monsoon) Map

From the study of the depth to water map (Figure-3), it is evident that ground
water level during pre-monsoon period mainly varies between 5-10 m below ground level
in the major part of the district. Deeper ground water levels (>10m) were observed in the
eastern and western parts of the district.
From the study of the depth to water map (Figure-4), it is conspicuous that ground
water level during post-monsoon period mainly varies between 2-5 m below ground level
in the major part of the district. Deeper ground water levels (5-10) were observed over a
small patch in the central part of the district.
 Fig 4. Depth to Water Level (Post-Monsoon) Map
4.3 Ground Water Quality
Ground water in the phreatic aquifers in Gaya district is slightly alkaline in nature.
The specific conductance of ground water in phreatic zone during pre-monsoon, 2011
was in the range of 460 -1350 µS/cm at 25ºC. The suitability of ground water for
drinking purpose has been evaluated on the basis of pH, Total hardness (T.H), Ca, Mg Cl,
etc. The chemical concentration of these constituents, when compared with the drinking
water specification recommended by IS:10500,1991 indicates that in one samples from
HNS at Wazirganj Ca exceeded the required permissible limit of 75 mg/l . magnesium
was found to have exceeded the required permissible limit of 30 mg/l at Bodh Gaya,
Dobhi and Sherghati (Table-2).

Table-2 Major Chemical parameters of ground water samples of HNS collected during
Pre-Monsoon 2011 in Bihar State.

2- - - 2+ 2+ + +
EC CO3 HCO3 Cl Ca Mg TH Na K
SN District Location pH
(µs @25°c) (in mg/lit)

1 Gaya Bodhgaya 1140 7.78 0 342 17 58 57 380 66 36

2 Gaya Dobhi 1080 7.73 0 366 32 36 80 420 54 0
3 Gaya Fatehpur 460 7.86 0 256 14 56 9 175 25 1
4 Gaya Khandail 540 7.65 0 299 14 62 10 195 32 1
5 Gaya Manpur 800 7.53 0 317 71 60 19 250 64 4
6 Gaya Sherghati 980 8.00 0 397 32 36 52 305 82 1
7 Gaya Tekari 1350 7.91 0 561 149 68 24 270 148 64
8 Gaya Wazirganjj 1025 7.60 0 403 128 90 10 265 62 90

4.4 Ground Water Resources

The net annual replenishable ground water resource of Gaya district as on 31st
March 2009 works out to be 104634 ha.m. The gross annual draft for all uses works out
to be 50664 ha.m. Allocation of ground water for domestic and industrial use for 25 years
works out to be 12390 ha.m. The overall stage of ground water development is 48.4%.
The stage of ground water development is highest in Barachatti (75.4%) and lowest in
Guraru (32.9%). As per the assessment, all the blocks except Gaya sadar are under safe
category. The stage of ground water development is depicted in Fig.. The block-wise
ground water resource is given in Table 3.
 Fig 5.

Table 3. Blockwise Dynamic Ground Water Resource of Gaya District (2008-09) (in ham)

Existing
Gross Existing
Allocation Net Ground
Existing Ground Gross Stage of
for Domestic Water
Net Annual Gross water Ground Ground
and Availability
Sl. Assessment Ground Ground Draft for Water Water
Industrial for future
No Unit/District water Water Domestic Draft Development
Requirement irrigation
Availability Draft for and For all (12/9)*100
supply upto development
Irrigation Industrial Uses (%)
year 2025 (9-10-13)
Water (10+11)
Supply

1 2 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1 Amas 1986 684 146 830 239 1063 41.8
2 Atri 2146 880 117 997 192 1075 46.4
3 Banka Bazar 3931 1372 180 1552 294 2264 39.5
4 Barachatti 2706 1840 200 2040 329 538 75.4
5 Belagang 5621 3504 317 3821 520 1597 68
6 Bodhgaya 5941 1710 470 2179 557 3675 36.7
7 Dobhi 2601 1162 211 1372 345 1094 52.8
8 Dumaria 3434 1427 180 1607 295 1712 46.8
9 Fatehpur 5055 1914 332 2246 544 2597 44.4
10 Gaya Sadar 5562 1972 2075 4047 3590 0 72.8
11 Guraru 4342 1227 201 1428 330 2786 32.9
12 Gurua 5738 2026 256 2281 419 3293 39.8
13 Imamgang 3594 2417 272 2690 446 730 74.8
14 Khizirsarai 4625 2935 256 3191 419 1271 69
15 Konch 7299 2828 279 3107 457 4014 42.6
16 Mouhra 4280 572 138 710 227 3481 16.6
17 Manpur 2815 1790 194 1984 318 707 70.5
18 Mohanpur 5873 1447 290 1737 475 3951 29.6
 Nimchak
19 3622 1084 141 1225 232 2306 33.8
Bathani
20 Paraiya 3988 1813 150 1962 246 1929 49.2
21 Sherghatti 2684 923 360 1284 366 1395 47.8
22 Tankupa 3112 1305 167 1472 273 1533 47.3
23 Tekari 6726 3583 452 4035 753 2390 60
24 Wazirgang 6952 2546 319 2865 523 3883 41.2
Total 104634 42961 7703 50664 12390 49284 48.4

4.5 Status of ground water development

Stage of ground water development has been calculated based on Gross ground water
draft/net availability of ground water expressed as percentage. The categorization of blocks has
done based on stage of ground water development and long- term trend of water levels (Pre and
Post).

The block wise Stage of ground water development and net GW availability has been presented
in Table-3

From the table it has been observed that stage of ground water development ranges
from 32.9% (Guraru block) to 75.4% (Barachatti block). Out of 24 blocks, 3 blocks have stage of
development more than 70%.

It has been observed that except Gaya sadar, all other blocks fall under safe category.

5.0 GROUND WATER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

5.1 Ground Water Development

Unplanned and indiscriminate development of ground water may lead to either of the
following problems i) the depletion of water level ii) water quality deterioration iii)
water-logging problem. To allow aquifer to sustain yield of water at economical rate, in
adequate quantity and of suitable quality is an important aspect of ground water
management of an area. At present groundwater development in the district is mainly
restricted to (a) Domestic, drinking water supply and (b) irrigation uses.

As the bulk of the urban water supply is met by the river side tube wells, protection of the
Phalgu river from contamination is of paramount importance. For rural water supply,
dugwells and Mark II/III hand pumps or cylinder fitted tube wells/ borewells may be
sunk in villages and rural towns across the district
Shallow tubewells/ borewells and dug cum bored wells are being used for raising crops
like wheat, mustard etc. The gross ground water draft for the area has been estimated as
50664 ham.
.In the district, large diameter dugwells and dug cum bored wells are the most feasible
ground water structures.

5.2 Water Conservation and Artificial Recharge:

In urban areas, rain water available from roof tops of buildings, paved and unpaved
areas goes waste. The rain water harvesting system needs to be designed in such a way
that it does not occupy large space for collection and recharge system.. A few techniques
of roof top rain water harvesting in urban areas are as follow:

(i) Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting Through Recharge Pit.

(ii) Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting Through Existing Tubewells/Dug Wells
(iii) Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting Through Trench with Recharge Well
 In areas where the surface soil is impervious and large quantities of roof water
or surface runoff is available within a very short period of heavy rainfall, the
use of trench/pits is made to store the water in a filter media and subsequently
recharge to groundwater through specially constructed recharge wells.
 This technique is ideally suited for area where permeable horizon is within 3
m below ground level.
 Recharge well of 100-300 mm diameter is constructed; based on the lithology
of the area well assembly is designed with slotted pipe against the shallow and
deeper aquifer.

 If the aquifer is available at greater depth say more than 20 m, a shallow shaft
of 2 to 5 m diameter and 3-5 metres deep may be constructed depending upon
availability of runoff. Inside the shaft a recharge well of 100-300 mm dia is
constructed for recharging the available water to the deeper aquifers. At the
bottom of the shaft a filter media is provided to avoid choking of recharge
well.
 In rural areas especially in the upland part of the district, which forms the
catchment area for the streams, contour bunding, percolation tanks, gully plugs, sub
surface dykes, nala bund/ check dams on perennial streams may be constructed.

6.0 GROUND WATER RELATED ISSUES AND PROBLEMS:

Some of key ground water related issues are
a) Locating suitable sites for bore wells
b) Suitable design of dug wells and hand pumps
c) Taking up artificial recharge projects to augment the resource availability in Gaya
district
d) Optimal development of irrigation intensity by developing ground water available for
future uses:
e) Creating public awareness for conserving ground water through awareness camps,
NGO’s and mass media.
Problems :
Soil erosion, recurrence of drought and limited water resource are some of the problems
in the district.
Occurrence of fluoride in excess of permissible limit has reported in some isolated
patches in the district. Analysis of water samples drawn from ground water monitoring
wells did not indicate any such problem.

7.0 MASS AWARENESS AND TRAINING PROGRAMME

Till date one mass awareness and one training programme have been organized in Gaya
district. Mass awareness was organized at Gaya on 23/5/13 and No of participants were
230. The training was organized at Magadh University on 24/3/11 and the participants
were 60.

8.0 AREA NOTIFIED BY CENTRAL GROUND WATER

AUTHORITY/ STATE GROUND WATER AUTHORITY
As all but one (Gaya Sadar- semi-critical) blocks fall under safe category, no block has
been notified by CGWA/SGWA.
9.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
In the hard rock areas, pin pointing suitable sites for bore wells is always a
challenge. Considering the anisotropy in distribution of fractures at deeper level, proper
selection of sites can be arrived at making use of remote sensing techniques in association
with geophysical and hydro-geological investigations.
For deriving optimal benefit from aquifers in areas under fissured formation the dug
wells should be so designed that it penetrates the weathered zone as well as top part
of the underlying bed rock so as to derive the benefit of the shallow aquifer. For hand
pumps and shallow tube wells the casing provided against the weathered zone should be
slotted at the bottom so that the well can extract shallow ground water also.. For urban
areas roof top rain water harvesting and for rural areas, artificial recharge is most
suitable. Location and design of the structures should be guided by hydro-geophysical
surveys. Sites for artificial recharge should be taken up if fractures / weathered zones are
available and the depth of the recharge well should be governed by the depth of
occurrence of fractures.
In the area occupied by weathered crystallines and marginal alluvial tract, large
diameter open wells or shallow tubewells/borewells may be constructed for optimal
ground water development.
Planning should be done in utilizing the ground water potential in effective
manner so as to bring uncultivated wasteland under cultivation.
Frequent water level measurement should be done in entire basin to help assess
the ground water potential and better management of ground water regime.
Adequate water samples should be collected from both surface and ground water sources
and be periodically analyzed for study chemical parameters. In areas reported to have
high fluoride concentration, rain water conservation structures and artificial recharge by
means of recharge shafts etc may be constructed.
 TABLE NO.-01
DISTRICT : GAYA

Sl.. Location/ Depth Length of Granular/ Static Discharge Drawdown Specific Trans- Storativity Diameter Formation Quality of Year Status of
Zone/ of
No Block Drilled Casing pipe/ fracture Water level Capacity missivity assembly Water Handing
Depth const. Tapped Over
3 3 2
mbgl. m. m. m. bgl. m /hr. m. m /hr./m. m /day mm.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
-3
1 RATNI/ 127 - - 5.67 35.67 6.59 5.44 143.31 01.20X10 203 GRANITE POTABLE Sep-83 F.O.C.
BARACHATI GNEISS
0
24 31'15"
0
84 55'45"

OW 85

006.00-
2 KOSHILA/ 116 - 012.00 4.6 21.84 5.54 3.94 145.3 - 203 PHAALGU POTAB- Feb-84 F.O.C.
013.00-
BODHGAYA 019.00 ALLLUVIUM LE
020.00-
0
24 36'55" 022.00 GRANITE
0
85 59'30" GNEISS

OW 23.8

049.00-
3 KATIHAN/ 110.7 - 050.00 4.75 5 NOT TESTED 203 GRANITE Mar-84 F.O.C.
055.00-
FATEHPUR 056.00 GNEISS
081.00-
0
24 38'00" 083.00
086.00-
85017'10" 090.00

OW 98.85
 059.00-
4 RAGHU- 102 - 076.00 4.2 3.6 GRANITE Mar-84 F.O.C.
NATHPUR GNEISS POTABLE
0
24 36'10"
0
85 08"56"

OW 100

024.00-
5 TARWAN/ 99 - 040.00 3.74 14.4 14.99 0.96 126.6 3.30X10-4 203 GRANITE POTABLE Mar-84 F.O.C.
059.00-
WAZIRGANJ 061.00 GNEISS

24043'00"
0
85 15'45"

OW 96.5

035.00-
6 PATHAL- 86.1 - 036.00 1.55 18.06 13.26 1.36 168.96 1.40X10-5 203 GRANITE POTABLE Nov-83 F.O.C.
GARH/ GNEISS
BODHGAYA

24039'47"

84057"20"

OW 85.8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

047.00-
7 BAHERA/ 60 - 060.00 8.1 108 BORE HOLE COLLAPSED GRANITE POTABLE Jun-84 F.O.C.
WAZIRGANJ GNEISS

24042'00"

85010"10"

OW 50.65
 GRANITE
8 CHANDAUTI 120.1 39.5 63-65 15.3 14.4 12.5 GNEISS POTABLE 2011 F.O.C
OW 68 39.5 63-65

GRANITE
9 GAYA COLLEGE 123.92 31.5 42-43 26.02 3 9.49 GNEISS POTABLE 2011 F.O.C
OW 120.48 31.8 Dry

MAGADH
UNIVERSITY,
BODH GAYA EW- Compressor GRANITE
10 1 150.48 31.5 97-98 discharge 1 GNEISS 2011 F.O.C

MAGADH
UNIVERSITY,
BODH GAYA EW- GRANITE
11 2 31.18 23.5-29.5 2.6 GNEISS 2011 F.O.C