{Strictly for students of CE372A at IIT Kanpur, 2018}

Prob. #1
Given: fy  415 MPa fck  25 MPa Es  200000 MPa
b  350 mm D  350 mm db  20 mm dbt  10mm

clear cover to ties c  40mm

db db
Effective Depth d  D  c   dbt  290 mm dc  c  dbt   60 mm
2 2
π 2 2
Reinforcement n1  2 n2  2 Ab   db  314.159 mm
4
2 2 5 2
As1  n1 Ab  628.319 mm As2  n2 Ab  628.319 mm Ag  b D  1.225  10  mm

3 2 Asc
Asc  As1  As2  1.257  10  mm
ρ   1.026 %
b D

(a)  
Po  0.67 fck Ag  Asc  fy Asc  2.552  10  kN
3

0.67 fck fy
(b) Puz 
1.5

 Ag  Asc 
1.15
 3
 Asc  1.807  10  kN [For no accidental eccentricity]

3
Pu  0.9 Puz  1.627  10  kN [For accidental eccentricity]

(c) Balanced Condition

a compressive strain of 0.0035 on one face and a tensile strain of yield strain at the centroid of the
reinforcement layer nearest to the tensile face (point 3)

εc.max  0.0035 0.87 fy 3

εy   1.805  10
Es
εc.max cb
Depth of n.a. cb  d  191.32 mm  0.547
εy  εc.max D

εc.max 3 εs1
Strain in steel layer 1 εs1 
cb

cb  dc  2.402  10  εy
 1.331

3 εs2
Strain in steel layer 2 εs2  εy  1.805  10 1
εy

Stress in steel layer 1  

fs1  min 0.87 εs1 Es 0.87 fy  361.05 MPa
 

Stress in steel layer 2  

fs2  min εs2 Es 0.87 fy  sign εs2  361.05 MPa  
Force in steel layer 1 Cs1  fs1 As1  226.854 kN

Stress in steel layer 2 Cs2  fs2 As2  226.854 kN

Comp. force Cc  0.45 fck b 0.8 cb  602.658 kN

 
Pub  Cs1  Cs2  Cc  602.658 kN

Mub  Cs1   dc  Cc   0.4 cb  Cs2   dc  111.521 kN m
D D D
2  2   2   

CE372A/RC Design/Dr Durgesh Rai/IIT Kanpur/2018

 {Strictly for students of CE372A at IIT Kanpur, 2018}

Prob. #2
Given:
Es  200000 MPa
Pu  1500kN D  450 mm fy  415 MPa fck  25 MPa
π 2 2
db  20 mm Ab   d  314.159 mm dsp  8mm
4 b
clear cover c  40mm
π 2 5 2
Ag   D  1.59  10  mm
4

Calculation of Reinforcement

Pu
 0.4 fck Ag
1.05 2
Asc   603.842 mm
 0.67 fy  0.4 fck 
Provide min. reinforcement of 0.8% of Ag

0.8 3 2
Asc.required   Ag  1.272  10  mm
100
Asc.required
nb   4.05
Ab

nb.min  6

Use 6#20mm bars as longitudinal reinforcement

Calculation of pitch of helical reinforcement

core diameter Dc  D  ( 2 c)  370 mm

π 2 5 2
Area of core Ac   D  1.075  10  mm
4 c
π 2 2
Area of spiral steel Asp   dsp  50.265 mm
4
4 Asp fy 1
pmax     52.292 mm
Dc fck  Ag 
0.36   1
 Ac 
Limits on pitch
Maximum spacing
(i) 75mm
Dc
(ii)  92.5 mm
4

Minimum spacing
(i) 25mm

(ii) 3 dsp  24 mm

Use 8mm diameter spiral @50mm c/c pitch

CE372A/RC Design/Dr Durgesh Rai/IIT Kanpur/2018

 {Strictly for students of CE372A at IIT Kanpur, 2018}
Prob. #3
A tied column 500 mm square 6 long. bars of 25mm dia and 10 mm ties. Clear cover is 40mm. M25 concrete and
Fe415 steel

b  350 mm D  350 mm fy  415 MPa fck  25 MPa Es  200000 MPa

tc  40 mm dbt  10 mm db  25 mm π 2 2
Ab   db  490.874 mm
4
3 2
n1  3 As1  n1 Ab  1.473  10  mm εcmax  0.0035
2
n2  2 As2  n2 Ab  981.748 mm
3 2
n3  3 As3  n3 Ab  1.473  10  mm

0.87fy 3
εy   1.805  10
3 2 Es
Asc  As1  As2  As3  3.927  10  mm
5 2 0.87fy
Ag  b D  1.225  10  mm 3
εst   0.002  3.805  10
Es
Asc
p   3.206 % fdy  εy Es  361.05 MPa
b D

db dc
dc  tc  dbt   62.5 mm  0.179 d  D  dc  287.5 mm
2 D

Point A: Pure Axial Capacity (e=0)

a uniform compressive strain of 0.002, giving point 1

 
Pumax  0.45 fck Ag  Asc  0.87fy Asc  2.752  10  kN
3 3
Pu1  Pumax  2.752  10  kN

Mu1  0

Point B: Onset of cracking

a compressive strain of 0.0035 on one face and zero strain on the other (point 2)

c2
Depth of n.a. c2  D  0.35 m 1
D
εcmax εs1
Strain in steel layer 1 εs1 
c2
 c2  dc  2.875  10 3 εy
 1.593

Strain in steel layer 2 εcmax D 3 εs2

εs2   1.75  10  0.969
c2 2 εy

Strain in steel layer 3 εcmax 4 εs3

εs3   dc  6.25  10  0.346
c2 εy

Stress in steel layer 1  

fs1  min 0.87 εs1 Es fdy  361.05 MPa
 

Stress in steel layer 2  

fs2  min 0.87 εs2 Es fdy  304.5 MPa
 

Stress in steel layer 3  

fs3  min 0.87 εs3 Es fdy  108.75 MPa
 

Force in steel layer 1 Cs1  fs1 As1  531.69 kN

CE372A/RC Design/Dr Durgesh Rai/IIT Kanpur/2018

 {Strictly for students of CE372A at IIT Kanpur, 2018}
Force in steel layer 2 Cs2  fs2 As2  298.942 kN

Force in steel layer 3 Cs3  fs3 As3  160.148 kN

3
Comp. force Cc  0.45 fck b 0.8 c2  1.103  10  kN

 
Pu2  Cs1  Cs2  Cs3  Cc  2.093  10  kN
3

Mu2  Cs1   dc  Cc   0.4 c2  Cs3   dc  80.386 kN m
D D D
2  2  2   

Point C: Balanced Condition

a compressive strain of 0.0035 on one face and a tensile strain of yield strain at the centroid of the
reinforcement layer nearest to the tensile face (point 3)

εcmax c3
Depth of n.a. c3  d  189.671 mm  0.542
εy  εcmax D

εcmax εs1
Strain in steel layer 1 εs1 
c3
 c3  dc  2.347  10 3 εy
 1.3

εcmax εs2
εs2 
 c  D   2.707  10 4
Strain in steel layer 2    0.15
c3  3 2  εy

3 εs3
Strain in steel layer 3 εs3  εy  1.805  10 1
εy

Stress in steel layer 1  

fs1  min 0.87 εs1 Es fdy  361.05 MPa
 

Stress in steel layer 2    

fs2  min 0.87 εs2 Es fdy  sign εs2  47.105 MPa

Stress in steel layer 3  

fs3  min εs3 Es fdy  sign εs3  361.05 MPa 
Force in steel layer 1 Cs1  fs1 As1  531.69 kN

Force in steel layer 2 Cs2  fs2 As2  46.245 kN

Force in steel layer 3 Cs3  fs3 As3  531.69 kN

Comp. force Cc  0.45 fck b 0.8 c3  597.462 kN

 
Pu3  Cs1  Cs2  Cs3  Cc  643.707 kN

Mu3  Cs1   dc  Cc   0.4 c3  Cs3   dc  178.858 kN m
D D D
2  2  2   

CE372A/RC Design/Dr Durgesh Rai/IIT Kanpur/2018

 {Strictly for students of CE372A at IIT Kanpur, 2018}
Point D: End of Tension Transition Zone
compressive strain of 0.0035 on one face and a tensile limiting strain of yield strain plus 0.002 in the
reinforcement layer nearest to the tensile face (point 4);

εcmax c4
Depth of n.a. c4  d  137.743 mm  0.394
εst  εcmax D

εcmax εs1
Strain in steel layer 1 εs1 
c4
 c4  dc  1.912  10 3 εy
 1.059

εcmax εs2
Strain in steel layer 2 εs2 
 c  D   9.467  10 4
   0.524
c4  4 2  εy

3 εs3
Strain in steel layer 3 εs3  εst  3.805  10  2.108
εy

Stress in steel layer 1  

fs1  min  εs1 Es fdy  361.05 MPa
 

Stress in steel layer 2    

fs2  min 0.87 εs2 Es fdy  sign εs2  164.721 MPa

Stress in steel layer 3    

fs3  min 0.87 εs3 Es fdy  sign εs3  361.05 MPa

Force in steel layer 1 Cs1  fs1 As1  531.69 kN

Force in steel layer 2 Cs2  fs2 As2  161.715 kN

Force in steel layer 3 Cs3  fs3 As3  531.69 kN

Comp. force Cc  0.45 fck b 0.8 c4  433.892 kN

 
Pu4  Cs1  Cs2  Cs3  Cc  272.177 kN

Mu4  Cs1   dc  Cc   0.4 c4  Cs3   dc  171.655 kN m
D D D
2  2   2  

Point E: Near Pure Beam case

compressive strain of 0.0035 on one face and a tensile limiting strain of 1.25 times of yield strain plus
0.002 in the reinforcement layer nearest to the tensile face (point 5);

εcmax
Depth of n.a. c5  d  121.873 mm c4
1.25εst  εcmax  0.394
D
εcmax
Strain in steel layer 1 εs1 
c5
 c5  dc  1.705  10 3 εs1
 0.945
εy
εcmax εs2
Strain in steel layer 2 εs2   c  D   1.526  10 3
   0.845
c5  5 2  εy

3 εs3
Strain in steel layer 3 εs3  1.25εst  4.757  10  2.635
εy

Stress in steel layer 1   

fs1  min 0.87 εs1 Es fdy  296.687 MPa


CE372A/RC Design/Dr Durgesh Rai/IIT Kanpur/2018

 {Strictly for students of CE372A at IIT Kanpur, 2018}
Stress in steel layer 2  
fs2  min 0.87 εs2 Es fdy  sign εs2  265.478 MPa  
Stress in steel layer 3  
fs3  min 0.87 εs3 Es fdy  sign εs3  361.05 MPa  
Force in steel layer 1 Cs1  fs1 As1  436.907 kN

Force in steel layer 2 Cs2  fs2 As2  260.632 kN

Force in steel layer 3 Cs3  fs3 As3  531.69 kN

Comp. force Cc  0.45 fck b 0.8 c5  383.899 kN

 
Pu5  Cs1  Cs2  Cs3  Cc  28.484 kN

Mu5  Cs1   dc  Cc   0.4 c5  Cs3   dc  157.435 kN m
D D D
2 2   2   
Point F: Tensile capacity
uniform tensile strain of εy in the steel with the concrete cracked

3
Strain in steel layer 1 εs1  εy  1.805  10

3
Strain in steel layer 2 εs2  εy  1.805  10

3
Strain in steel layer 3 εs3  εy  1.805  10

Stress in steel layer 1  

fs1  min  εs1 Es fdy  361.05 MPa
 

Stress in steel layer 2  

fs2  min εs2 Es fdy  sign εs2  361.05 MPa  
Stress in steel layer 2  
fs3  min εs3 Es fdy  sign εs3  361.05 MPa  
Force in steel layer 1 Cs1  fs1 As1  531.69 kN

Force in steel layer 2 Cs2  fs2 As2  354.46 kN

Force in steel layer 2 Cs3  fs3 As3  531.69 kN

Comp. force Cc  0

 
Pu6  Cs1  Cs2  Cs3  Cc  1.418  10  kN
3

Mu6  Cs1   dc  Cc   0.4 c3  Cs3   dc  0 kN m

D D D
2  2   2   

i  1  6
P3  Pu3  643.707 kN P5  Pu5  28.484 kN
P1  Pumax M1  0
M3  Mu3  178.858 kN m M5  Mu5  157.435 kN m
3
P2  Pu2  2.093  10  kN
P4  Pu4  272.177 kN 3
P6  Pu6  1.418  10  kN
M2  Mu2  80.386 kN m
M4  Mu4  171.655 kN m
M6  Mu6  0 kN m
CE372A/RC Design/Dr Durgesh Rai/IIT Kanpur/2018
 {Strictly for students of CE372A at IIT Kanpur, 2018}

Pi  Mi 
2.752·103  kN 0  kN m
2.093·103 80.386
643.707 178.858
272.177 171.655
28.484 157.435
-1.418·103 0

P-M Interaction Diagram

3000.0
emin=20mm

2000.0

1000.0
Pu(kN)

0.0
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0

-1000.0

-2000.0

Mu (kNm)

CE372A/RC Design/Dr Durgesh Rai/IIT Kanpur/2018

 {Strictly for students of CE372A at IIT Kanpur, 2018}

Prob.#4
fy  415 MPa fck  25 MPa Es  200000 MPa
b  350 mm D  350 mm db  20 mm dbt  10mm
clear cover to ties c  40mm
db db
Effective Depth d  D  c   dbt  290 mm dc  c  dbt   60 mm
2 2
π 2 2
Reinforcement n  4 Ab   db  314.159 mm
4

3 2 5 2
Asc  n Ab  1.257  10  mm Ag  b D  1.225  10  mm

Asc ρ Pu
 0.041 % Pu  250kN
ρ   1.026 % fck  0.082
b D fck b D
MPa

dc
 0.171
D

Use chart 34 for dc /D =0.2

2
Mu  0.08 fck b D  85.75 kN m

Prob.#5
fy  415 MPa fck  30 MPa Es  200000 MPa b  400 mm D  400 mm
db  25 mm dbt  10mm clear cover to ties c  40mm

db db
Effective Depth d  D  c   dbt  337.5 mm dc  c  dbt   62.5 mm
2 2
π 2 2
Reinforcement Ab 
 d  490.874 mm
4 b
Pu  2000kN Pu Mu  150kN m Mu
 0.417  0.078
fck b D fck b D
2

dc
 0.156
D

Use chart 33 for dc /D =0.15

0.08 fck
ρ    2.4 %
100 MPa

ρmin  0.8% ρmax  4%

3 2
Asc  ρ b D  3.84  10  mm

Asc
nb1   7.823
Ab

Provide 8 nos. of bars equally distributed on two sides of column

CE372A/RC Design/Dr Durgesh Rai/IIT Kanpur/2018