Lesson Plan

Lesson : Acid-Base Titration

Aim :

To study indicators and the different types of acid-base titrations.

Learning Outcomes :

At the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

1. state the use of an acid-base indicator.

2. define the pH range of an indicator.

3. select suitable indicators for a particular acid-base titration.

Assumed prior knowledge :

Students should already be familiar with:

1. the concept of acids and bases.

2. the concept of chemical equilibrium and Le Chatelier’s principle.

3. the concept of pH.

Underlying Principles

1. Making the invisible, visible.

2. Enabling students to know what to look for.

Time taken to complete the activities : 80 minutes

Differentiation

Questions in the student notes are designed to enable all students to complete the activity.
The pop-up answers are provided for the students to view when they have considered their
responses. Worksheet questions include questions that require recall, understanding and
application of the new concepts learned.

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Development of Lesson :

No. Steps Strategy Resources

1 Set Induction. Teacher to quiz students to ensure that

(Ascertaining prior they have the necessary background
knowledge and knowledge.
introducing lesson
topic for the day).

2 Student Activity Teacher to use Activity 1 page 1 to • Courseware

introduce the concept of indicators to
students. Teacher to go through the rest
of Activity 1 with students.

• Activity 1 : Acid-base indicators

Students are shown why the colour of an

acid-base indicator changes in acidic and
basic conditions. They get to view the
colours of some indicators at different pH
values.

• Activity 2 : Acid-base titration

Students get to view the change in the
pH during the titration of :
- a strong acid with a strong base
- a weak acid with a strong base
- a weak base with a strong acid
- a weak acid with a weak base.
Students also get to learn the concept of
equivalence point and the end-point of a
titration.

3 Evaluation • Students to answer questions in the • Worksheet

student worksheet on their own.

4 Extension activity • Students to go through the extension • Websites

activities on their own. • Reference
books.

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Worksheet answers

1. Acid-base indicators

1.1 a. Addition of KOH will reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions, hence the
equilibrium will shift to the right.

b. Red.

2. Acid-base titration

2.1 a.
13

12

11

10

pH 9
pH

4
0 10 20 30 40of 50 3 60 70
Volume Y/cm
V

b. At equivalence point, 50.0 cm3 of X required 50.00 cm3 of Y for complete

reaction.

(MV)
=1
(MV)

M x 50.0 = 0.10 x 50.0

∴ M = 0.10 mol dm-3

The concentration of Y is 0.10 mol dm-3.

c. X is a weak acid and Y is a strong base.

This is because the pH of the equivalence point is more than 7 and there is a
steep rise in pH near the equivalence point.

© 2003 Ministry of Education Malaysia. All Rights Reserved. Page 3 of 4

2.2 a. NH3/HCl
Methyl orange

b. K2CO3/HCl, NH3/HCl
Phenolphthalein and methyl orange

c. Ba(OH)2/HCl
Any indicator

d. KOH/CH3CH2COOH
Phenolphthalein

2.3
pH

13 KOH + HNO3
11
9
7 NH3 + HNO3
5
3

30.0 Volume of HNO3/cm3

As indicated in the graph:

KOH + HNO3 NH3 + HNO3

i. pH = 13 pH = 11
ii. pH = 7 pH < 7
iii. 30.00 cm3 30.00 cm3
iv. pH < 3 pH < 3

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