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10. There are eight rooms on the first floor of a hotel, 13. In a rectangle ABCD, E is the midpoint of AB : F is a
with four rooms on each side of the corridor, point on AC such that BF is perpendicular to AC : and
symmetrically situated (that is each room is exactly FE perpendicular to BD. Suppose BC = 8 3 . Find
opposite to one other room). Four guests have to be
AB.
accommodated in four of the eight rooms (that is,
one in each) such that no two guests are in Answer (24)
adjacent rooms or in opposite rooms. In how many Sol. Let ∠CAB = ∠ADB = α
ways can the guests be accommodated?
∴ ∠NMB = 2α (From figure)
Answer (48)
D C
Sol. Clearly guests will stay either in ‘ ’ or in ‘X’
F
× ×
M 90 – 2α 2α
× ×
∴ Required way = 2 × 4! = 48 N
α 90 + α 90 – α α
x 3x
11. Let f(x) = sin + cos for all real x. Find the least A
E B
3 10
natural number n such that f(nπ + x) = f(x) for all real x. Let AE = EB = x
∵ a = {x} which lies in [0,1) Now, the removed numbers are m, k, then new
n(n + 1)
∴ 0<
k ( 5 –1 ) <1 (as a ≠ 0) average is 17 i.e., 17 = 2
– (m + k )
2 n–2
5 +1 n –1 n+3
Clearly, < 17 <
⇒ 0<k< 2 2
2
⇒ k=1 ⇒ n < 35 & n > 31
∴ n = 32, 33, 34
5 +1
∴ r=
2 n(n + 1)
– (m + k )
n ∵ 17 = 2
⎛ 5 + 1⎞ n–2
∴ xn = (ar2)n = ⎜ ⎟ > 100
⎝ 2 ⎠ n(n + 1) – 34(n – 2)
∴ (m + k ) =
5 + 1 2.23 + 1 2
∵ 1.6
2 2 When n = 32 ⇒ m + k = 18
18. If the real numbers x, y, z are such that + + x2 4y2 15 1 Any value 9 1
2
16z = 48 and xy + 4yz + 2zx = 24, what is the ∴ Total ways = 73
value of x2 + y2 + z2?
21. Find the number of ordered triples (a, b, c) of positive
Answer (21) integers such taht abc = 108.
Sol. x 2 + 4y 2 + 16z2 = 48 ...(i) Answer (60)
x y z ∴ Required ways = 6 × 10 = 60
⇒ x = 2y = 4z ⇒ = = =k
4 2 1 22. Suppose in the plane 10 pairwise non-parallel lines
intersect one another. What is the maximum
Put x, y, z in (i) possible number of polygons (with finite areas) that
16k 2 + 16k 2 + 14k 2 = 48 ⇒ k = 1 can be formed?
∴ x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = 16 + 4 + 1 = 21 Answer (36)
Sol. If we consider the case.
19. Suppose 1, 2, 3 are the roots of the equations x4 +
ax2 + bx = c. Find the value of c.
Answer (36)
Sol. ∵ Sum of the roots = 0
In given figure there are 3 polygon in all. But if we
∴ 1 + 2 + 3 + α = 0 ⇒ α = –6 count non-overlapping polygons then it is 2.
∴ Product of roots = –c = 1 × 2 × 3 × –6 If we consider non-overlapping, then the solution is
as follows :
⇒ c = 36
Total number of regions in which 10 lines divide to
20. What is the number of triples (a, b, c) of positive
n(n + 1)
integers such that (i) a < b < c < 10 and (ii) a, b, plane = +1
2
c, 10 form the sides of a quadrilateral?
10 × 11
Answer (73) = + 1 = 56
2
Sol. a + b + c > 10 , a < b < c < 10 of which exactly 20 are open (unbounded)
⇒ c > 10 – (a + b) ∴ Polygons = 56 – 20 = 36
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PRMO - 2017
Sol. D x–b E b C M 6
A B
9
a 5 α α 5
16 O
y F
5 β β 5
25 y–a
C 8 N D
A x B
1
ar(ΔAFB) = 25 = x( y – a ) Area of the part of the circle lying between AB and
2 CD is = 2[(ar ΔAOM) + area of sector AOC + (ar
⇒ xy – ax = 50 ...(i) ΔCON)]
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PRMO - 2017
⎡1 180° – (α + β) 1 ⎤ In ΔAA'B
= 2⎢ ×3× 4 + × π × 5 × 5 + × 4 × 3⎥
⎣ 2 360 ° 2 ⎦ 5
sin θ = ...(ii)
⎡ 180° – (α + β) ⎤ 2x
= 2 ⎢12 + × 25π⎥
⎣ 360 ° ⎦ From (i) & (ii)
3 y 5
Now, tan α = = ...(iii)
4 x + 10 2 x
4 Similarly
and tan β =
3 y 15
= ...(iv)
tan α + tan β x – 10 2 x
tan ( α + β ) =
1– tan α ⋅ tan β From (iii) & (iv)
3 4 25 5x + 50 = 15x – 150
+
= 4 3 = 12 ⇒ 5x – 15x = –150 – 50
3 4 0
1– × ⇒ –10x = –200
4 3
tan(α + β) = Not defined ⇒ x = 20
⇒ α + β = 90° ∴ Radius of Ω1 = 20
28. Let p, q be prime numbers such that n3pq – n is a
⎡ 180° – 90° ⎤
⇒ Required area = 2 ⎢12 + × 25π ⎥ multiple of 3pq for all positive integers n. Find the
⎣ 360° ⎦ least possible value of p + q.
48 + 25π
= Answer (28)
2
Sol. ∵ n3pq – n = 0 (mod 3)
= (m + nπ)/k
n3pq – n = 0 (mod p)
⇒ m = 48, n = 25, k = 2
n3pq – n = 0 (mod q)
⇒ m + n + k = 75
∴ We need to fulfill following conditions :
27. Let Ω1 be a circle with centre O and let AB be a
diameter of Ω1. Let P be a point on the segment OB (i) (3 – 1) | (pq – 1) ⇒ pq is odd
different from O. Suppose another circle Ω2 with (ii) (p – 1) | (3q – 1)
centre P lies in the interior of Ω1. Tangents are Now 3 must not divide (p – 1) as it doesn’t divide
drawn from A and B to the circle Ω2 intersecting Ω1 (3q – 1)
again at A1 and B1 respectively such that A1 and B1
∴ p – 1 = 3k + 1 or 3k + 2, for some integer k.
are on the opposite sides of AB. Given that A1B = 5,
AB1 = 15 and OP = 10, find the radius of Ω1. ∴ ⇒ p = 3k + 2 or 3k + 3
Answer (20) But p ≠ 3k + 3 (as its prime)
Sol. ∴ p = 3k + 2 clearly p > 3 and k = odd = 2λ +
1 (say)
⇒ p = 6λ + 5
A1 (ii) (q – 1) | (3p – 1) so q will also be 5 (mod 6)
Q
y 5 by trial least values for p & q are 17 and 11.
90–θ
A θ B ∴ p + q = 28
x O 10 P
y x – 10
29. For each positive integer n, consider the highest
R common factor hn of the two numbers n! + 1 and
(n + 1)!. For n < 100, find the largest value of hn.
15
Answer (97)
Sol. HCF of ((n! + 1), (n + 1)!) = h , n < 100
B1 If n + 1 is prime then n! + 1 is divisible by (n + 1).
In ΔAPQ Also (n + 1)! is divisible by it.
y ∴ For n + 1 = 97
sin θ = ...(i)
x + 10 HCF of 96! + 1 & 97! = 97
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PRMO - 2017