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Test Information
Test Name SWT-BIOCHEM & FMT 2017(MDMS) Total Questions 200
(1). Embalming chemicals are a variety of preservatives, sanitising and disinfectant agents and additives used in modern embalming to
temporarily prevent decomposition and restore a natural appearance for viewing a body after death Typically embalming fluid contains a
mixture of
Solution. (c) Methanol,formaldehyde and ethanol Ref– Read the text below Sol:
- Embalming chemicals are a variety of preservatives, sanitising and disinfectant agents and additives used in modern embalming to
temporarily prevent decomposition and restore a natural appearance for viewing a body after death.
- A mixture of these chemicals is known as embalming fluid and is used to preserve deceased (dead) individuals, sometimes only until the
funeral, other times indefinitely.
- Typically embalming fluid contains a mixture of formaldehyde, methanol, ethanol and other solvents.
- The formaldehyde content generally ranges from 5 to 29 percent and the ethanol content may range from 9 to 56 percent.
Correct Answer. c
c. Scab formation
Solution. (a) Bright red in colour Ref– Read the text below Sol: Difference Between Antemortem And Postmortem Bruise Antemortem
abrasions will show signs of inflammation and repair whereas these will be absent in postmortem abrasions. The differences are-
Correct Answer. a
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(3). Growing fracture is commonly seen in :
a. Premature babies.
b. Adults..
c. Children.
d. Old age.
Solution. (c) Children. Ref– Read the text below Sol: Growing fracture
- In children, some linear fractures are associated with torn dura due to dense attachment of the dura to the bone in this age group.
- A rare complication, which occurs in 0.6% of linear skull fractures in pediatric patients: 90% occur before the age of three.
- The fracture is associated with a dural tear, preventing primary dural healing and resulting in progressive enlargement and eversion of
the fracture line.
- The arachnoid sac may contain CSF and herniated brain with or without porencephaly.The treatment for the two forms is different, as
the former requires a duro-cranioplasty (debridement of the damaged brain and dural repair) whilst the latter a shunt, in order to
prevent progressive neurological deterioration.
Correct Answer. c
a. 2-3 hours
b. 3-4 hours
c. 5-6 hours
d. 6-7 hours
Correct Answer. d
a. Spalding Sign
b. Robert’s Sign
c. Wood's Sign.
d. Ewald’s sign
Correct Answer. a
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(6). Which is another name of Pentose phosphate pathway-
a. EMP pathway
b. HMP
c. TCA
d. Krebs
Correct Answer. b
Solution. (a) HPRT complete deficiency Ref:Read the text below Sol:
- Mutations in the HPRT1 gene cause Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.
- Mutations in the HPRT1 gene cause a severe deficiency of the enzyme hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1.
- This enzyme is responsible for recycling purines, a type of building block of DNA and its chemical cousin RNA.
- When this enzyme is lacking, the breakdown of purines results in abnormally high levels of uric acid in the body.
- It is unclear how a shortage of this enzyme causes the neurological and behavioral problems characteristic of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.
Correct Answer. a
a. Cosegregation of alleles
Correct Answer. d
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(9). If a completely radioactive double-stranded DNA molecule undergoes two rounds of replication in a solution free of radioactive label,
what is the radioactivity status of the resulting four double-stranded DNA molecules?
Solution. (a) Half should contain no radioactivity Ref– Read the text below Sol:
- The replication of double-stranded DNA is semiconservative, meaning that each strand separates and serves as a template for synthesis
of a new complementary strand.
- The first round of replication of a labeled DNA helix in a cold (unlabeled) solution will yield two daughter double-stranded molecules,
each with one labeled and one unlabeled strand.
- The second round of replication will yield four double-stranded DNA molecules.
- Two of these will have one original labeled strand and one unlabeled strand; the other two will have two unlabeled strands and contain
no radioactivity.
Correct Answer. a
Correct Answer. a
(11). Charcoal therapy is indicated for the acute overdose ingestion of all the following medications, except:
a. Theophylline
b. A tricyclic antidepressant
c. Lithium
d. Aspirin
Correct Answer. c
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(12). In a completely charred body at autopsy medical officers can say that the burns are ante-mortem if he can find
c. Congestion of kidney
Correct Answer. a
a. Communited fracture
b. Signature fracture
c. Pond’s fracture
d. Ring fracture
Correct Answer. c
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(14). At autopsy the cyanide poisoning case will show the following feature except:
a. The eyes are bright, glistening and prominent with dilated pupils.
Correct Answer. c
b. Gas in blister
Correct Answer. a
(16). Which of the following enzymes can polymerize deoxyribonucleotides into DNA?
a. DNA ligase
b. DNA gyrase
d. Reverse transcriptase
Correct Answer. d
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(17). Which of the following molecules is found in a nucleoside?
a. A pyrophosphate group
Correct Answer. b
(18). Which is the most correct sequence of events in gene repair mechanisms in patients without a mutated repair process?
Correct Answer. c
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(19). The hydrolytic step leading to the release of a polypeptide chain from a ribosome is catalyzed by
a. Stop codons
b. Peptidyl transferase
c. Release factors
d. Dissociation of ribosomes
Correct Answer. b
Correct Answer. d
(21). In a charred body which of the following means is useful it its identification
a. Stature
c. Scar marks
d. Skeletal features
Correct Answer. b
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(22). Which of the following is most suggestive of anti mortem hanging ?
a. Salivary dribbling
b. Congestion of lungs
c. Ligature marks
d. Petechial hemorrhages
Correct Answer. a
(23). Motile spermatozoa found in wet mount of vaginal secretions are indicative of intercourse within the past :
a. 6 hours
b. 12 hours
c. 24 hours
d. 48 hours
Correct Answer. c
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(24). Hesitation marks are characteristic of :
a. Accidental injury
b. Suicidal wounds
c. Homicidal wounds
Correct Answer. b
a. Rigor mortis
b. Adipocere formation
c. Putrification
d. Mummification
Correct Answer. a
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(26). A 25-year-old male gets into a brawl outside a bar. During the altercation, someone pulls out a gun and shoots him in the head.The bullet
enters the man's temple and severs his right optic nerve completely. He is quickly transported to a nearby emergency room and an
emergency physician tests his pupillary response by shining a light in the right eye. What will the physician most likely find?
a. No pupillary constriction in the right eye, and no pupillary constriction in the left eye
b. No pupillary constriction in the right eye, but pupillary constriction in the left eye
d. Pupillary constriction in the right eye, and no pupillary constriction in the left eye
Solution. (b) No pupillary constriction in the right eye, and no pupillary constriction in the left eye.
Ref:Read the text below
Sol:
- This person is blind in the right eye.
- The afferent limb of the pupillary light reflex is carried by the optic nerve (CN II), and the efferent limb is via the oculomotor nerve (CN
III), which carries parasympathetic fibers from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus.
- Thus, shining a light in the affected eye will not elicit any pupillary response.
- On the other hand, shining the light in the left eye will result in simultaneous constriction of both pupils (assuming an intact right CN
III), since the left optic nerve is intact.
Correct Answer. b
(27). Medical qualifications awarded by institutions out side India and recognized by MCI are registered in:
Correct Answer. d
(28). Which of the following best describes the degree of extension of fourth-degree burns?
Correct Answer. d
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(29). Identify the bone and comment on the age of appearance?
a. 3 years
b. 4 years
c. 5 years
d. 6 years
Correct Answer. b
c. Decreases Vmax
d. Increases Vmax
Correct Answer. c
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(31). Which one of the following statements correctly describes allosteric enzymes?
Correct Answer. a
(32). Which one of the following enzymes catalyzes high-energy phosphorylation of substrates during glycolysis?
a. Pyruvate kinase
b. Phosphoglycerate kinase
d. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Correct Answer. d
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(33). Which one of the following enzymes catalyzes phosphorylation with the use of inorganic phosphate?
a. Hexokinase
b. Phosphofructokinase
c. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
d. Phosphoglycerate kinase
Correct Answer. c
a. Progesterone
b. Glucagon
c. Aldosterone
d. Epinephrine
Correct Answer. b
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(35). The key regulatory enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway is positively regulated by
Correct Answer. d
(36). In Type I diabetes, the increased production of ketone bodies is primarily a result of which of the following?
Correct Answer. d
(37). Which of the following symptoms can occur frequently in infants suffering from mediumchain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD)
deficiency if
periods between meals are protracted?
Solution. (d) Hypoglycemia and metabolic acidosis with normal levels of ketones Ref:Read the text below
Sol:
- In infants, the supply of glycogen lasts less than 6 hours and gluconeogenesis is not sufficient to maintain adequate blood glucose
levels.
- Normally, during periods of fasting (in particular during the night) the oxidation of fatty acids provides the necessary ATP to fuel
hepatic gluconeogenesis as well as ketone bodies for nonhepatic tissue energy production.
- In patients with MCAD deficiency there is a drastically reduced capacity to oxidize fatty acids. This leads to an increase in glucose
usage with concomitant hypoglycemia. The deficit in the energy production from fatty acid oxidation, necessary for the liver to use other
carbon sources, such as glycerol and amino acids, for gluconeogenesis further exacerbates the hypoglycemia.
- Normally, hypoglycemia is accompanied by an increase in ketone formation from the increased oxidation of fatty acids. In MCAD
deficiency there is a reduced level of fatty acid oxidation, hence near normal levels of ketones are detected in the serum.
Correct Answer. d
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(38). Action of following enzyme leads to formation of superoxide ions
a. Superoxide dismutase
b. Catalase
d. Glutathione peroxides
Correct Answer. c
Correct Answer. d
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(40). The reaction which requires HMG-COA reductase activity :
Correct Answer. a
(41). In the diagram below, which of the following conditions is most likely to shift the oxyhemoglobin curve from B to A?
a. Hypothermia
b. Hyperventilation
d. Exercise
Correct Answer. d
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(42). The following is an example for unusual base :
a. Di hydro uracil
b. Adenine
c. Cytosine
d. Uracil
Correct Answer. a
(43). A 51-year-old homeless man presents to the emergency room in wintertime complaining of numbness of his feet. Physical examination of
the
feet reveals erythema, edema, and the presence of several clear blisters. Peripheral pulses are palpable. Which of the following is the
most likely diagnosis?
a. Frostnip
Correct Answer. c
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(44). Entrance wound of close shot is characterized by :
Correct Answer. b
c. Contact shot
d. Close shot
Correct Answer. c
(46). Choose the most likely associated odor with diabetic coma :
a. Fruity odor
c. Burned-rope odor
Correct Answer. a
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(47). Hemoperfusion with charcoal is useful in poisoning with : -
a. Phenytoin.
b. Methyl alcohol.
c. Lithium
d. Ethylene glycol
Correct Answer. a
a. Mercury
b. Lead
c. Phenolic acid
d. Carbolic acid
Solution. (a) Mercury Reference – Poisoning & Drug Overdose by Kent R. Olson - 213 Ans Mercury Mechanism of toxicity. Mercury
reacts with sulfhydryl (SH) groups, resulting in enzyme inhibition and pathologic alteration of cellular membranes. Clinical presentation.
Acute inhalation
- Severe chemical pneumonitis and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.
- Acute gingivostomatitis may also occur.
Chronic intoxication Classic triad
- Tremor
- Neuropsychiatric disturbances
- Gingivostomatitis. Metallic taste
Frequent blushing (“erethism”).
Pain in the extremities,often accompanied by pinkish discoloration and desquamation (“pink disease”)
Correct Answer. a
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(49). Embalming solution constituents are all except
a. Ethanol
b. Phenol
c. Glycerine
d. Formalin
Correct Answer. a
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(50). Identify the skull:
a. Dolicocephalic skull
b. Brachycephalic skull
c. Trigonocephalic skull
d. Plagiocephalic skull
Cephalic index = (maximum breadth of the skull/ maximum length of the skull) X 100. Dolicocephalic skull – CI – 70 – 75 Brachycephalic
skull – CI – 80 – 85
Plagiocephaly, also known as flat head syndrome,is a condition characterized by an asymmetrical distortion (flattening of one side) of the
skull. It is characterized by a flat spot on the back or one side of the head caused by remaining in a particular position for too long
Trigonocephaly (Greek: 'trigonon' = triangle, 'kephale' = head) is a congenital condition of premature fusion of the metopic suture
(Greek: 'metopon' = forehead) leading to a triangular shaped forehead. The merging of the two frontal bones leads to transverse growth
restriction and parallel growth expansion. It may occur syndromic involving other abnormalities or isolated.
Correct Answer. b
a. Hydrochloric acid
b. Phenol
c. Formalin
d. Fluoride.
Correct Answer. d
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(52). In a nontolerant individual,death is likely to occur when the serum alcohol level reaches
a. 100 mg/dL
b. 200 mg/dL
c. 300 mg/dL
d. >400 mg/dL
Solution. (d) >400 mg/dL. Ref– Read the text below Sol:
- Behavioral changes, slowing of motor performance, and decrease in the ability to think clearly may appear with a blood alcohol level as
low as 20–30 mg/dL.
- Most people show significant impairment of motor and mental performance when their alcohol levels reach 100 mg/dL.
- With blood alcohol concentration between 200 and 300, slurred speech is more intense and memory impairment, such as blackout and
anterograde amnesia, becomes common.
- In a nontolerant person, a blood alcohol level over 400 mg/dL can produce respiratory failure, coma, and death. Due to
tolerance,chronic heavy drinkers can present with fewer symptoms even with blood alcohol levels greater than 500 mg/dL.
Correct Answer. d
(53). A factory worker is required to submit to random drug tests as part of the “drug free policy” his employers have adopted. If he used
cocaine five days before the test was administered, which assay is most likely to detect cocaine metabolites?
a. Semen
b. Hair
c. Saliva
d. Urine
Correct Answer. d
(54). A man is convinced that his penis is receding into his body and fears that, when his penis disappears completely, he will die.Man is
suffering from which culturebound Syndrome
a. Koro
b. Sangue dormido
c. Amok
d. Dha
Correct Answer. a
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(55). The two halves of mandible join together by
Correct Answer. c
a. 25 years
b. 40 years
c. 55 years
d. 75 years
Correct Answer. b
a. 275-300 milliosmol/kg
b. 310-340 millismol/kg
c. 200-240 milliosmol/kg
d. 160-180 milliosmol/kg
Correct Answer. a
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(58). The sigma (σ) subunit of prokaryotic RNA polymerase:
c. Is inhibited by α-amanitin
Correct Answer. d
(59). Which of the following is the function of the large subunit of the ribosome?
Correct Answer. c
(60). The drug, doxorubicin, is useful in the treatment of lymphomas and breast cancers because of its ability to interfere with which of the
following enzyme activities?
a. DNA ligase
b. DNA polymerase-alpha
c. Primase
d. Topoisomerase II
Solution. -NA-
Correct Answer. d
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(61). When fatty acids with odd numbers of carbon atoms are oxidized in the beta-oxidation pathway the final product is 1 mole of acetyl- CoA
and 1 mole of the 3-carbon molecule,propionyl-CoA. In order to use the propionyl carbons, the molecule is carboxylated and converted
ultimately to succinyl-CoA and fed into the TCA cycle. Which of the following represents the vitamin cofactor required in one of the steps
of this conversion?
a. Cobalamin (B12)
c. Pyridoxine (B6)
d. Riboflavin (B2)
Correct Answer. a
(62). Which of the following apoproteins is found exclusively associated with chylomicrons?
a. Apo A
b. Apo B48
c. Apo CII
d. Apo D
Solution. (b) Apo B48 Ref– Read the text below Sol:
- Apo B48 is found exclusively associated with chylomicrons and no other lipoprotein particle. Apo B48 is synthesized from an mRNA that
is transcribed from the apo B100 gene.
- Following transcription, the mRNA is edited within the intestinal epithelium yielding the apo B48 transcript. Apo(a) is an apoprotein
found disulfide bonded to apo B100.
- This then forms a complex with LDL, generating a novel lipoprotein particle identified as lipoprotein(a), Lp(a). Lp(a) has a strong
resemblance to plasminogen and its presence in the circulation is highly correlated with premature coronary artery disease.
- Apo CII is present in chylomicrons, VLDLs, LDLs, IDLs, and HDLs and is necessary for the activation of
endothelial cell LPL. Apo D is found exclusively with HDLs and is also associated with cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) activity.
- Apo E is found in chylomicrons,VLDLs, LDLs, IDLs, and HDLs. It is necessary for interaction of lipoprotein with
the LDL-receptor (which is also referred to as the apo B100/apo E receptor).
Correct Answer. b
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(63). PDH is a complex multisubunit enzyme.Which of the following exerts a positive influence on the activity of PDH?
a. Acetyl-CoA
b. ATP
c. Dephosphorylation
d. NADH
Correct Answer. c
(64). All of the following are correct about a primary transcript in eukartotes except that it :
b. May contain nucleotide sequences that are not present in functional RNA.
Correct Answer. d
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(65). All of the following could lead to lack of or nonfunctional β-globin except :
c. Mutation toward the 3’-end of the β-globin gene that codes for the polyadenylation site.
Correct Answer. d
(66). Biological membranes are associated with all of the following except:
Solution. (d) Free movement of proteins and nucleic acids cross the membrane.
Ref– Read the text below Sol:
- These molecules are too large to cross the membrane freely unless the membrane is damaged
Correct Answer. d
(67). Basal lamina structure is produced by connecting planar networks of laminins and type IV collagen. Which of the following statements is
untrue correct?
a. Both laminin and type IV collagen are composed of four polypeptide chains.
Solution. (a) Both laminin and type IV collagen are composed of four polypeptide chains.
Ref– Read the text below
Sol:
- Both laminin and type IV collagen are composed of three polypeptide chains
Correct Answer. a
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(68). Enzymes may be specific with respect to all of the following except :
Solution. (b) The atomic mass of the elements in the reactive group
Ref– Read the text below Sol:
- Enzymes do not distinguish among different nuclides of an element,although the rate of reaction of a heavier nuclide might be less than
that of a lighter one.
Correct Answer. b
(69). At which of the following enzyme-catalyzed steps of the tricarboxylic acid cycle does net incorporation of the elements of water into an
intermediate of the cycle occur ?
a. Aconitase
b. Citrate synthase
c. Malate dehydrogenase
d. None
Correct Answer. b
(70). All of the following tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates may be added or remove by other metabolic pathways except:
a. Citrate.
b. Fumarate.
c. Isocitrate.
d. D α-ketoglutarate.
Correct Answer. c
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(71). The inner mitochondrial membrane contains a transporter for:
a. NADH.
b. Acetyl CoA.
c. GTP.
d. ATP.
Correct Answer. d
(72). All of the following events are usually involved in the synthesis of triacylglycerols in adipose tissue except:
Correct Answer. c
b. 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase
c. Transketolase
Correct Answer. d
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(74). Where does a lacerated wound appear like an incised wound?
a. Abdomen
b. Thorax
c. Hand
d. Forehead
Correct Answer. d
(75). Which of the following tissue suffers most in a blast caused by an explosion?
a. Lung
b. Liver
c. Skeletal system
Correct Answer. a
a. Muscle
b. Skin
c. Bone
d. Blood
Correct Answer. b
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(77). “Retraction balls“ are seen after injuries to:
a. Liver
b. Spleen
c. Lungs
d. Brain
Correct Answer. d
a. Skull
b. Cervical spine
c. Lumbar spine
d. Pelvis
Correct Answer. b
(79). After postmortem examination, the body has to be handed over to the
a. Investigating officer
c. Medical superintendent of the hospital in which the post mortem was conducted.
d. Relatives
Solution. (a) Investigating officer Ref: Read the text below Sol:
- It is important to remember that the doctor hands over the body to the investigating officer only (to the police in cases of police inquest
and to the magistrate in cases of magisterial inquest).
- It is the investigating officer who passes on the body to the relatives.
- The relatives then take the body to the crematorium or burial ground.
Correct Answer. a
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(80). Which of the following facts regarding identification of a putrefied and decomposed body is false?
a. Remnants of genital organs help to determine sex because they resist putrefaction
c. Hair, its colour and dyeing when present can be used for identification
Correct Answer. b
a. Brain function
b. Liver function
c. Respiration
d. Circulation.
Correct Answer. c
(82). If a person is not heard of for a certain number of years by those who would naturally have heard of him, he is supposed to have been
dead, and the burden of proving that he is alive shifts on the person who affirms it. For how many years, he should not have been heard
of?
a. 4 years
b. 7 years
c. 15 years
d. 30 years
Correct Answer. b
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(83). Which statement best describes xanthine?
Correct Answer. c
(84). Which of the following statements about solutions of amino acids at physiologic pH is true?
Solution. (a) All amino acids contain both positive and negative charges
Ref– Read the text below
Sol:
- At neutral pH, amino acids in solution are zwitterions (i.e., dipolar ions) containing both a protonated amino
group (pK approximately 9.5) and a dissociated carboxyl group (pK approximately 2).
- At pH 7.4, the pH −pK from the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is ~5 for the carboxy group, predicting a ratio
of base (carboxyl anion) to acid (carboxylic acid) of 105.
- Similarly, the pH −pK for the amino group is about −2, predicting a ratio of base (amino group) to acid
(protonated ammonium ion) of less than 102.
- Amino acids with ionizable side chains may have charges in addition to those of the amino and carboxyl groups.
Correct Answer. a
d. They can be separated into subunits with a reducing agent and urea
Solution. (d) They can be separated into subunits with a reducing agent and urea
Ref– Read the text below
Sol:
-- Immunoglobulin G is composed of pairs of light chains and heavy chains attached by disulfide bridges.
- If the reducing agent mercaptoethanol is used to break the disulfide bridges and urea is used to disrupt
noncovalent interactions, two identical light subunits (25 kd) and two identical heavy chains (50 kd) per protein
can be resolved with electrophoresis.A small amount of carbohydrate is also present.
- In contrast,the proteolytic enzyme papain cleaves the heavy chains, which results in two Fab molecules consisting of the entire light
chain attached to the amino terminal half of each heavy chain and two Fc molecules consisting of the carboxyl terminal half of each
heavy chain.
- Other proteolytic enzymes are nonspecific. Levels rise and fall in the serum dependent upon specific induction by antigen.
Correct Answer. d
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(86). Which of the following techniques for purification of proteins can be made specific for a given protein?
a. Dialysis
b. Affinity chromatography
Correct Answer. b
(87). Which one of the following proteins is found in the thick filaments of skeletal muscle?
a. α-actinin
b. Myosin
c. Troponin
d. Tropomyosin
Correct Answer. b
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(88). Which one of the following proteolytic enzymes is activated by acid hydrolysis of the proenzyme form?
a. Trypsin
b. Chymotrypsin
c. Elastase
d. Pepsin
Correct Answer. d
a. Alcoholism
c. Chronic diuretic
d. All of these
Correct Answer. d
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(90). Which of the following is not peptide
a. Cortisol
b. ACTH
c. ANP
d. Adrenaline
Correct Answer. d
a. Urinary sugar
b. Urinary sediment
c. Blood lactate
d. Serum magnesium
Correct Answer. b
(92). The minimum amount of air usually accepted to be able to cause fatal air embolism in adults is
a. 5ml
b. 100ml
c. 250ml
d. 500ml
Correct Answer. b
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(93). Heat hematoma is seen inside :
a. Cranial cavity
b. Chest cavity
c. Abdominal cavity
d. Uterus
Correct Answer. a
(94). How many points of similarity between two fingerprints have to be established before the two can be said to be identical?
a. 6
b. 16
c. 25
Correct Answer. d
a. Compos Mentis
b. Testamentary capacity
c. Corpus delicti
d. Corona
Correct Answer. b
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(96). Which of the following facts regarding the stature of the body is correct?
a. Immediately after death, the body may shorten by about 2-3 cm.
c. Change is stature after death occurs only when the deceased was engaged in struggle at the time of death.
Solution. (b) Immediately after death, the body may lengthen by about 2-3cm.
Ref:Read the text below
Sol:
- Immediately after death, the body may lengthen by about 2-3cm.
Correct Answer. b
a. 12 years
b. 14 years
c. 16 years
d. 17 years
Correct Answer. d
a. 12 years
b. 14 years
c. 16 years
d. 17 years
Correct Answer. a
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(99). Toxic myopathy is not exacerbated by which of the following drugs:
a. Nicotinic acid
b. Enalapril
c. Meperidine
d. Chloroquine
Correct Answer. a
b. Section 228 Cr. PC prohibits disclosure of the identity of the victims of rape
d. Section 374 IPC lays down the punishment for offence of Rape
Solution. (b) Section 228 Cr. PC prohibits disclosure of the identity of the victims of rape
Ref:Read the text below
Sol:
RAPE
Rape is generally declined as unlawful sexual intercourse by a man with any women against her wall,without her consent, or with her
consent when it has been obtained by unlawful means
LAW ON RAPE IN INDIA Under section 375 IPC, rape is defined as unlawful sexual intercourse by a man his wife under the age of 15
years, with any other women under the age of 16 years or above that age, against her will, without her consent, or with her consent
when it has been obtained by unlawful means Exception: Sexually intercourse by a man with his wife, even against her will, is not rape,
she is above 15 years of
age. Section 376 IPC lays down the punishment for the offence of rape, which may extend from seven years to life imprisonment and also
fine. Section 228 IPC prohibits disclosure of the identity of the victim of rape Under section 327 Cr. PC, the inquiry into and trial of rape
or an offence under section 376 IPC shall be conducted in camera and it is not lawful for any person to print to or publish any matter in
relation to such proceedings except with the permission of the Court
Correct Answer. b
a. Dhatura
b. Mercury
c. Armillaria
d. Oleander
Correct Answer. c
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(102). Acute arsenic poisoning viscera preserved is
Correct Answer. a
Correct Answer. a
a. Prolene
b. Lysine
c. Hydroxylysine
Correct Answer. a
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(105). Each of the following statements concerning membrane transport proteins is true except :
Correct Answer. a
(106). The transfer of genetic material from one bacteria to other through bacteriophage is known as
a. Conjugation
b. Transcription
c. Transduction
d. Translation
Correct Answer. c
a. Dihydrouracil
b. Orotic acid
c. Methyl Xanthine
d. Cystine
Correct Answer. a
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(108). True about competitive inhibition is :
Correct Answer. a
(109). A genetic disorder renders fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase in the liver less sensitive to regulation by fructose 2,6 bisphosphate. All of the
following metabolic changes are observed in this
disorder except ?
Correct Answer. a
a. Reversible reaction
d. Cytosolic reaction
Correct Answer. b
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(111). Enzyme involved in catabolism of fructose to pyruvate is ?
b. Phosphoglucomutase
c. Lactate dehydrogenase
d. Glucokinase
Correct Answer. a
(112). After overnight fast, level of glucose transporter are reduced in?
a. Brain cell
b. Hepatocyte
c. Adipocyte
d. RBCs
Correct Answer. c
a. Glucose
b. Fatty acid
c. Cholesterol
d. Ketone bodies
Correct Answer. a
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(114). Apolipoprotein A is found in?
a. HDL
b. LDL
c. Chylomicron remnant
d. VLDL
Correct Answer. a
a. DDT
b. Endrin
c. Lindane
d. Ergot
Correct Answer. b
a. Aconite
b. Alcohol
c. Diazepam
d. Strychnine
Correct Answer. a
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(117). Robert’s sign is seen in
Correct Answer. a
a. Robert Haughen
b. Rosenberg
c. Locard
d. Burke
Correct Answer. b
(119). Prescription drugs are given in which schedule in Drugs and Cosmetics Rules 1945.
a. C
b. F
c. H
d. X
Solution. (c) H
Ref: Read the text below
Sol:
Drugs and Cosmetics Rules 1945 framed under the Drugs act 1940 have classified the drugs in various schedules
as follows
c- biological and special products
F- vaccines and sera
H - prescription drugs
X – potential drugs of abuse
Correct Answer. c
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(120). Poisoning by histamine is seen in:
a. Ciguatera poisoning
b. Scombroid poisoning
c. Venomous fish
Correct Answer. b
c. Professional Secrecy
d. Professional Negligence
Correct Answer. c
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(122). If a mentally ill person is detained against the provision of the mental Act, the responsible can be punished with :
a. Imprisonment to 12 months
d. No imprisonment
Correct Answer. c
(123). A person who may be impotent with one particular woman is called :-
a. Quoad
b. Frigidity
c. Atavism
Correct Answer. a
a. Hanging
b. Strangulation
c. Drowning
d. Suffocation
Correct Answer. a
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(125). Legally “Abortion” is a termination of pregnancy
a. Before 6 weeks
b. Before 16 weeks
c. Before 26 weeks
Correct Answer. d
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(126). Identify the given image and comment on the injury caused by:
c. Bayonet
d. None
Correct Answer. a
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(127). Dilatation of pupils is seen in poisoning by
a. Dhatura
b. Opium
c. Arsenic
d. Sulfuric acid
Correct Answer. a
a. Asphyxia
b. Cerebral anoxia
Correct Answer. d
a. Lactic acidosis
Correct Answer. b
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(130). Most important source of reducing equivalents for fatty acid synthesis in liver is?
a. Glycolysis
b. TCA cycle
d. HMP pathway
Correct Answer. d
a. Endoperoxidase
b. Cyclooxygenase
c. Lipoxygenase
d. Phospholipase C
Correct Answer. b
b. DNA polymerase I
c. DNA exonuclease
d. DNA ligase
Correct Answer. d
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(133). Identify the correct sequence of actions in hybridisation technique/ southern blotting:-
1 PAGE
2. Blotting on nitrocellulose paper
3. Exposure to X-ray sheet
4. Addition of probe
5. Denaturation of ds DNA
a. 1 , 4 , 5 , 2 , 3
b. 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 4
c. 1 , 5 , 2 , 4 , 3
d. 1 , 2 , 5 , 4 , 3
Solution. (c) 1 , 5 , 2 , 4 , 3
Ref:Read the text below
Sol:
- Southern blotting is done for identifying the CDNA alone of our own interest,. First the various fragments of
cDNA are electrophoresed. Then they are denatured with alkali.
- Transferred to a nitro cellulose paper.
- Probe annealed to the ss DNA fragments After through washing, paper is exposed to X-ray film - autoradiogram.
Correct Answer. c
a. Asparagine
b. Aspartate
c. Lysine
d. Serine
Correct Answer. a
(135). Which of the following enzymes may be targets of a new drug that specifically inhibits retroviral replication?
b. Topoisomerase II
d. RNA polymerase
Correct Answer. c
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(136). Topoisomerase enzymes are important in the replication of DNA because they :-
Correct Answer. c
(137). Which one of the following activities is simultaneously stimulated by epinephrine in muscle and inhibited by epinephrine in the liver?
b. Glycogenolysis
d. Glycolysis
Correct Answer. d
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(138). Hydrostatic test is performed in a case of
a. Hanging
b. Infanticide
c. Drowning
d. OP compound poisoning
Correct Answer. b
a. Rifampicin therapy
b. Naphthalene poisoning
c. Phenol poisoning
d. Methemoglobinemia.
Correct Answer. c
b. Suicidal wounds
d. Accidental injury
Correct Answer. b
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(141). Motile spermatozoa found on a wet mount of vaginal secretions are indicative of intercourse within the past
a. 6 hours
b. 12 hours
c. 24 hours
d. 48 hours
Correct Answer. a
(142). In a charred body which of the following is a useful means of establishing identity ?
a. Stature
c. Scar marks
d. Skeletal fractures
Correct Answer. b
(143). Which one of the following features listed below is most suggestive of antemortem hanging ?
a. Salivary dribbling
b. Congestion of lungs
c. Ligature mark
d. Petechial hemorrhages
Correct Answer. a
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(144). Black powder consist of all of the following except :-
a. Potassium nitrate
b. Sulphur
c. Magnesium nitrate
d. Charcoal
Correct Answer. c
d. Which is more dangerous depends on the fact if one is standing on a wet or a dry surface
Correct Answer. a
(146). Which of the following events occurs during formation of phosphoenolpyruvate from pyruvate during gluconeogenesis?
a. CO2 is consumed
d. ATP is generated
Correct Answer. a
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(147). The entry point into the citric acid cycle for isoleucine, valine, and the product of odd-chain fatty acids is
a. Fumarate
b. Pyruvate
c. Oxaloacetate
d. Succinyl CoA
Correct Answer. d
a. Inactivating Gi protein
Correct Answer. b
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(149). Which one of the following tissues can metabolize glucose, fatty acids, and ketone bodies for ATP production?
a. Liver
b. Muscle
c. Hepatocytes
d. Brain
Correct Answer. b
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(150). There is but a single enzyme-catalyzed reaction in the human body known to generate carbon monoxide (CO) as one of its
products.Which of the following enzymes represents the one that catalyzes this CO-producing reaction?
a. Biliverdin reductase
b. Coproporphyrinogen oxidase
c. Heme oxygenase
d. Protoporphyrinogen oxidase
Correct Answer. c
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(151). Which of the following peptide hormones is released in response to stimulation of pituitar gonadotropes?
a. ACTH
b. Follicle-stimulating hormone
c. Growth hormone
d. Prolactin
Correct Answer. b
(152). The rate-limiting step in glycolysis occurs at the step catalyzed by which of the following enzymes?
a. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
c. 6-PFK-2
d. Phosphoglycerate kinase
Correct Answer. b
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(153). The statin class of drugs that are currently used to control hypercholesterolemia function to lower circulating levels of cholesterol by
which of the following mechanisms?
a. Increasing the elimination of bile acids, leading to increased diversion of cholesterol into bile acid production
b. Increasing the synthesis of apolipoprotein B-100 (apo B100), resulting in increased elimination of cholesterol through the action of
low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake by the liver
Correct Answer. d
(154). Which of the following represents the enzyme deficiency that leads to “essential fructosuria”?
c. Fructokinase
d. Hexokinase
Correct Answer. c
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(155). Hepatocytes deliver ketone bodies to the circulation because they lack which of the following enzymes?
a. Beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
b. Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA-lyase
c. Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA-synthetase
d. Succinyl-CoA-acetoacetate-CoAtransferase
Correct Answer. d
a. Brain
b. Heart
c. Liver
d. Pancreas
Correct Answer. a
a. Thanatology
b. Triochology
c. Teratology
d. Chieloscopy
Correct Answer. a
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(158). Not a part of informed consent is:
d. Concealed information.
Correct Answer. d
(159). Hydrocution is ?
d. None
Correct Answer. b
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(160). A pest control worker with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, white transverse line on nail with garlic odor ?
a. Lead
b. Hg
c. As
d. Sulphur
Solution. (c) As
References: Sharma 230
Sol:
This is a classical case presentation of Arsenic poisoning
Metallic form – Non poisonous, insoluble-not digested
- Salts with O2 , Cl-toxic [oxidation occur in air]
- Salts interfere with cell metabolism by combining with sulphydryl enzyme
Acute poisoning – occur within 15-30 min
- Metalic taste,slight garlicky smell,dry mouth – N/V,colicky abdominal pain – diarrhea,rice water stool (may be
bloody),dilatation of capillary and damage,intense thirst, suppressed urine
- Death d/t hypovolumic stock
- Sensory motor (mixed) peripheral neuropathy within few hours of severe cases-respiratory failure, and
quadriplegia
Chronic
Small quantity slowly and repeated
Dyspepsia vomiting, purging, bloody motions, cutaneous blister
More marked symp of neuritis, severe muscular pain
- 1st stage predominant git symptoms
- 2-4 weeks-Mees line – white transverse band in nail plate [Pterygium-longitudinal/vertical band] which may
remain upto 1 year *mee’s line seen in 2nd stage of As poisoning]
- 3rd stage absent knee jerk and bone marrow depression
- 4th stage peripheral neuropathy megaloblastic anaemia, foot drop.
Fatal dose-180 mg of As trioxide
Treatment
- Lavage, should be with pain water first then fresh hydrated ferric oxide
- Activated charcoal if ferric oxide not avail
- Exchange transfusion, hemodilysis
- Chelation-BAL
Tests = Reinsch’s test, Marsh’s test, Gutzeit test
Correct Answer. c
c. Twisting of ears.
d. Trauma to eyes.
Solution. (a) Beating the soles and stick with blunt object
References: Read the text below
Sol:
FALANGNA
a) Falanga is beating the soles and stick with blunt object
b) Common in police beating
Correct Answer. a
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(162). A 42-year-old man sustains severe injuries in an automobile accident and is admitted to the intensive care unit.Examination of a
peripheral blood smear on the 3rd day of admission reveals helmet cells, schistocytes, and decreased platelets. Which of the following is
most strongly suggested by these findings?
a. Autoimmune hemolysis
c. Hereditary spherocytosis
d. Megaloblastic anemia
Correct Answer. b
(163). A 57-year-old fisherman with a history of alcoholism is hospitalized in with a 1-day history of severe, watery diarrhea after eating several
raw oysters. He is badly dehydrated on admission, and within 12 hours, he becomes severely hypotensive and dies. Which of the
following pathogens is the most likely cause of this man's death?
a. Enterotoxigenic E. coli
b. Providencia stuartii
c. Vibrio cholerae
d. Vibrio vulnificus
Correct Answer. d
(164). A baby is born with a flat facial profile, prominent epicanthal folds,and simian crease. She vomits when fed, and upper GI studies
demonstrate a "double bubble" in the upper abdomen. Which of the following cardiovascular abnormalities might this child also have?
b. Berry aneurysm
Correct Answer. d
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(165). Imprisonment for a term extending to seven years and also fine as punishment for voluntarily causing grievous hurt : -
a. S. 321, I.P.C
b. S. 322, I.P.C
c. S. 325, I.P.C
d. S. 324, I.P.C
Correct Answer. c
a. 2 to 3 cm.
b. 3 to 5 cm.
c. 5 to 8 cm.
d. 8 to 9 cm.
Correct Answer. c
(167). Which of the following statements reflects the process by which the telomeric ends of chromosomes are replicated?
c. Short template-independent block of DNA are ligated to the ends using a 5’-5’ bond.
Solution. (b) A unique RNA molecule serves as the template for synthesis.
Ref– Read the text below
Sol:
- The telomeric end on the lagging strand of a replicating eukaryotic chromosomes are synthesized by an
enzymatic activity termed telomerase.
- None of the other mechanisms represent the accurate replication of telomeres.
Correct Answer. b
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(168). In carrying out an assay using cultured hepatocytes, you find that addition of hemin (Fe3+heme) does not have the expected
consequence of reduced protoporphyrin IX synthesis. This result suggests that your hepatocytes harbor a mutant form of one of the
heme-regulated enzymes of porphyrin biosynthesis. Which of the following represents the likely enzyme?
a. ALA dehydratase
b. ALA synthase
c. Ferrochelatase
d. Heme oxygenase
Correct Answer. b
(169). Oxidative degradation of acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) in the citric acid cycle gives a net yield of which of the following chemicals?
Correct Answer. d
(170). Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) is required by which of the following steps in protein synthesis?
Correct Answer. c
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(171). A potent inhibitor of protein synthesis that acts as an analogue of aminoacyl-tRNA is
a. Streptomycin
b. Nalidixic acid
c. Rifampicin
d. Puromycin
Correct Answer. d
(172). Which one of the following hormones is derived most completely from tyrosine?
a. Glucagon
b. Thyroxine
c. Insulin
d. Prostaglandins
Correct Answer. b
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(173). Ceramide is a precursor to which of the following compounds?
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a. Phosphatidyl serine
b. Sphingomyelin
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c. Phosphatidyl glycerol
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d. Phosphatidyl choline
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Solution. (b) Sphingomyelin
Ref– Read the text below
Sol:
- The most common sphingolipid in mammals is sphingomyelin.Ceramide, the basic structure from which all
sphingolipids are derived, is composed of the 18-carbon sphingosine connected via its amino group to a fatty acid
by an amide linkage.
- The fatty acid is usually long-chain (18 to 26 carbons) and is saturated or monosaturated. Except for the lack
of the glycerol backbone, sphingolipids are quite similar in structure and physical properties to the phospholipids
phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine.
- Either phosphoryl choline or phosphoryl ethanolamine is the head group attached to ceramide.
- If a neutral sugar residue is the polar head group attached to ceramide, a cerebroside is formed. If
oligosaccharide head groups containing sialic acid are used, gangliosides are formed.
- All sphingolipids are important membrane constituents.
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Correct Answer. b
(174). Which of the following steps in the biosynthesis of cholesterol is thought to be rate- controlling and the locus of metabolic regulation?
b. Squalene →lanosterol
c. Lanosterol →cholesterol
Correct Answer. d
(175). Which of the following statements correctly describes the enzyme thiokinase?
Correct Answer. d
(176). For every 2 mol of free glycerol released by lipolysis of triacylglycerides in adipose tissue
Correct Answer. c
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(177). DNA topoisomerase II, an anticancer drug target :-
Correct Answer. b
(178). Discoloration or staining of the skin and organs, known as post-mortem lividity occurs in the dead body due to accumulation of fluid
blood in the dependent parts of the body. The process fully developed and fixed in about
a. 1-3 hours.
b. 3-6hours.
c. 6-12 hours.
d. 12-24 hours.
Correct Answer. c
b. Height of an adult
c. Race of a person
d. Identification
Correct Answer. a
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(180). In Which of the following weapons empty cartridge case is ejected after firing?
a. Shot gun
b. Revolver
c. Pistol
d. Rifle
Correct Answer. c
a. RBC
b. WBC
c. Neutrophils
d. Basophiles
Correct Answer. a
a. Lead poisoning.
b. Cyanide poisoning
c. Burns
d. Drowning
Correct Answer. d
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(183). Sentence of death is passed in which judicial court:
a. High court
b. Supreme court
c. Session court
Correct Answer. a
(184). The Court of a Chief Judicial Magistrate may pass any imprisonment for a term less than
a. 5 yrs.
b. 7 yrs.
c. 9 yrs.
d. 10 yrs.
Correct Answer. b
(185). A man is said to commit "rape" who has sexual intercourse with a woman under all of the following circumstances except;
a. With her consent, when the man knows that he is not her husband.
b. By a man with his own wife, the wife not being under fifteen years of age
c. If consent is given because she believes that he is another man to whom she is or believes herself to be lawfully married.
Solution. (b) By a man with his own wife, the wife not being under fifteen years of age
Ref– Read the text below
Sol:
Rape
A man is said to commit "rape" who, except in the case hereinafter excepted, has sexual intercourse with a woman
under circumstances falling under any of the six following descriptions –
- Firstly – Against her will.
- Secondly – Without her consent.
- Thirdly – With her consent, when her consent has been obtained by putting her or any person in whom she
is interested in fear of death or of hurt.
- Fourthly – With her consent, when the man knows that he is not her husband, and that her consent is given
because she believes that he is another man to whom she is or believes herself to be lawfully married.
- Fifthly – With her consent, when, at the time of giving such consent, by reason of unsoundness of mind or
intoxication or the administration by him personally or through another of any stupefying or unwholesome
substance, she is unable to understand the nature and consequences of that to which she gives consent.
- Sixthly – With or without her consent, when she is under sixteen years of age.
- Explanation.-Penetration is sufficient to constitute the sexual intercourse necessary to the offence of rape.
- Exception.-Sexual intercourse by a man with his own wife, the wife not being under fifteen years of age, is not rape.
Correct Answer. b
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(186). Dehydration of body tissues and viscera after death is:
a. Putrefaction
b. Adipocere
c. Mummification
d. Rigor mortis
Correct Answer. c
(187). Pearson's formulae is to measure the length of long bone and multiply it with a given factor, and then adding a fixed factor. Multiplying
factor for fibula is : -
a. 6 to 6.3
b. 4.2 to 4.5
c. 4.4.
d. 5 to 5.3
Correct Answer. c
(188). An 18-year-old male surfer presents with a jellyfish sting. All the following are acceptable for rinsing and will not cause nematocyst
firing, except:
b. Isopropyl alcohol
c. Sterile water
Correct Answer. c
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(189). Within how much minutes of death the blood in most corpses, dead from natural or non- natural causes, becomes permanently
incoagulable
a. 15-30 minutes
b. 30-60 minutes
c. 60-90 minutes
d. 90-120 minutes
Correct Answer. b
a. Aspartate
b. Isoleucine
c. Leucine
d. Lysine
Correct Answer. a
(191). The metabolism of which of the following amino acids leads to the production of small amounts of nicotinic acid in humans ?
a. Cysteine
b. Methionine
c. Serine
d. Tryptophan
Correct Answer. d
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(192). The biosynthesis of which of the following amino acids is associated with the splitting of ATP to form ADP and Pi ?
a. Glutamine
b. Asparagine
c. Tyrosine
d. Glycine
Correct Answer. a
b. One molecule of Hemoglobin binds with four molecules of oxygen on complete oxygenation
d. Irrespective of the degree of deoxygenation, only one molecule of 2,3 DPG is bound to hemoglobin.
Correct Answer. c
a. DNA polymerase α
b. DNA polymerase β
c. DNA polymerase γ
Correct Answer. b
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(195). The editing, or proofreading, function of DNA polymerases refers to their :-
c. RNase activity
d. Topoisomerase activity
Correct Answer. b
(196). Which one of the following compounds is a key intermediate in the synthesis of both triacylglycerols and phospholipids?
a. CDP-choline
b. Phosphatidate
c. Triacylglyceride
d. Phosphatidylserine
Correct Answer. b
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(197). The synthesis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA can occur
Correct Answer. d
a. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
Correct Answer. c
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(199). Which one of the following contributes nitrogen atoms to both purine and pyrimidine rings?
a. Aspartate
b. Carbamoyl phosphate
c. Carbon dioxide
d. Glutamine
Correct Answer. a
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(200). Number of hours since death is calculated by multiplying the fall in rectal temperature with
a. 0.33
b. 0.67
c. 1.0
d. 1.33
Correct Answer. b
Test Answer
1.(c) 2.(a) 3.(c) 4.(d) 5.(a) 6.(b) 7.(a) 8.(d) 9.(a) 10.(a)
11.(c) 12.(a) 13.(c) 14.(c) 15.(a) 16.(d) 17.(b) 18.(c) 19.(b) 20.(d)
21.(b) 22.(a) 23.(c) 24.(b) 25.(a) 26.(b) 27.(d) 28.(d) 29.(b) 30.(c)
31.(a) 32.(d) 33.(c) 34.(b) 35.(d) 36.(d) 37.(d) 38.(c) 39.(d) 40.(a)
41.(d) 42.(a) 43.(c) 44.(b) 45.(c) 46.(a) 47.(a) 48.(a) 49.(a) 50.(b)
51.(d) 52.(d) 53.(d) 54.(a) 55.(c) 56.(b) 57.(a) 58.(d) 59.(c) 60.(d)
61.(a) 62.(b) 63.(c) 64.(d) 65.(d) 66.(d) 67.(a) 68.(b) 69.(b) 70.(c)
71.(d) 72.(c) 73.(d) 74.(d) 75.(a) 76.(b) 77.(d) 78.(b) 79.(a) 80.(b)
81.(c) 82.(b) 83.(c) 84.(a) 85.(d) 86.(b) 87.(b) 88.(d) 89.(d) 90.(d)
91.(b) 92.(b) 93.(a) 94.(d) 95.(b) 96.(b) 97.(d) 98.(a) 99.(a) 100.(b)
101.(c) 102.(a) 103.(a) 104.(a) 105.(a) 106.(c) 107.(a) 108.(a) 109.(a) 110.(b)
111.(a) 112.(c) 113.(a) 114.(a) 115.(b) 116.(a) 117.(a) 118.(b) 119.(c) 120.(b)
121.(c) 122.(c) 123.(a) 124.(a) 125.(d) 126.(a) 127.(a) 128.(d) 129.(b) 130.(d)
131.(b) 132.(d) 133.(c) 134.(a) 135.(c) 136.(c) 137.(d) 138.(b) 139.(c) 140.(b)
141.(a) 142.(b) 143.(a) 144.(c) 145.(a) 146.(a) 147.(d) 148.(b) 149.(b) 150.(c)
151.(b) 152.(b) 153.(d) 154.(c) 155.(d) 156.(a) 157.(a) 158.(d) 159.(b) 160.(c)
161.(a) 162.(b) 163.(d) 164.(d) 165.(c) 166.(c) 167.(b) 168.(b) 169.(d) 170.(c)
171.(d) 172.(b) 173.(b) 174.(d) 175.(d) 176.(c) 177.(b) 178.(c) 179.(a) 180.(c)
181.(a) 182.(d) 183.(a) 184.(b) 185.(b) 186.(c) 187.(c) 188.(c) 189.(b) 190.(a)
191.(d) 192.(a) 193.(c) 194.(b) 195.(b) 196.(b) 197.(d) 198.(c) 199.(a) 200.(b)
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