Interconnecting Cisco Networking

Devices Part 1
ICND1 100-105

Instructor
Paul A. Parker

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 Chapter 32

Implementing IPv6 Routing

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 Chapter 32
Foundation Topics
v Connected and Local IPv6 Routes
▼ A router adds IPv6 routes based on the following:
➘  The configuration of IPv6 addresses on working interfaces
(connected and local routes)
➘  The direct configuration of a static route (static routes)
➘  The configuration of a routing protocol, like OSPFv3, on routers that
share the same data link (dynamic routes, in this case, OSPF routes)

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 Chapter 32
Connected and Local IPv6 Routes
v Rules for Connected and Local Routes
▼ The following list summarizes these rules for easier review and
study:
➘  1. Routers create IPv6 routes based each unicast IPv6 address on an
interface, as configured with the ipv6 address command, as
follows:
➘  A. The router creates a route for the subnet (a connected route).
➘  B. The router creates a host route (/128 prefix length) for the router
IPv6 address (a local route).
➘  2. Routers do not create routes based on the link-local addresses
associated with the interface.
➘  3. Routers remove the connected and local routes for an interface if
the interface fails, and re-adds these routes when the interface is
again in a working (up/up) state.

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 Chapter 32
Static IPv6 Routes
v Static Routes Using the Outgoing Interface

v Static Routes Using the Next-Hop Global Unicast Address

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 Chapter 32
Static IPv6 Routes
v Static Routes Using the Link-Local Neighbor Address

v Static Default Routes

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 Chapter 32
Dynamic Routes with OSPFv3
v Comparing OSPFv2 and OSPFv3
▼  Both are link-state protocols.
▼  Both use the same area design concepts and design terms.
▼  Both require that the routing protocol be enabled on an interface.
▼  Once enabled on an interface, both then attempt to discover neighbors
connected to the data link connected to an interface.
▼  Both perform a check of certain settings before a router will become
neighbors with another router (the list of checks is slightly different
between OSPFv2 and OSPFv3).
▼  After two routers become neighbors, both OSPFv2 and OSPFv3 proceed
by exchanging the contents of their link-state databases (LSDB)—the
link-state advertisements (LSA) that describe the network topology—
between the two neighbors.
▼  After all the LSAs have been exchanged, both OSPFv2 and OSPFv3 use
the shortest path first (SPF) algorithm to calculate the best route to each
subnet.
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 Chapter 32
Dynamic Routes with OSPFv3
v Comparing OSPFv2 and OSPFv3
▼ Both use the same metric concept, based on the interface cost of
each interface, with the same default cost values.
▼ Both use LSAs to describe the topology, with some differences in
how LSAs work.
▼ OSPFv2 indirectly enables OSPF on an interface where OSPFv3
directly enables OSPF on an interface as shown here.

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 Chapter 32
Dynamic Routes with OSPFv3
v When choosing the OSPFv2 process chooses its RID
based using this list until it finds a RID:
▼ 1. If the router-id rid OSPF subcommand is configured, use this
value, and ignore interface IPv4 addresses.
▼ 2. If the router ID is not set with the router-id command, check
any loopback interfaces that have an IPv4 address configured
and an interface status of up. Among these, pick the highest
numeric IP address.
▼ 3. If neither of the first two items supply a router ID, the router
picks the highest numeric IPv4 address from all other interfaces
whose interface status code (first status code) is up. (In other
words, an interface is up/down state will be included by OSPF
when choosing its router ID.)

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 Chapter 32
Dynamic Routes with OSPFv3
v RID selection with OSPFv3
▼ Interestingly, OSPFv3 also uses a 32-bit RID, using the exact
same rules as OSPFv2. The number is typically listed in dotted-
decimal notation (DDN). That is, OSPFv3, which supports IPv6,
has a router ID that looks like an IPv4 address.
▼ Using the same RID selection rules for OSPFv3 as for OSPFv2
leaves open one unfortunate potential misconfiguration: a router
that does not use the OSPFv3 router-id command, and does not
have any IPv4 addresses configured, cannot choose a RID. If the
OSPFv3 process does not have an RID, the process cannot work
correctly, form neighbor relationships, or exchange routes.

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 Chapter 32
Dynamic Routes with OSPFv3
v Configuring OSPFv3
▼ Step 1. Create an OSPFv3 process number, and enter OSPF
configuration mode for that process, using the ipv6 router ospf
process-id global command.
▼ Step 2. Ensure the router has an OSPF router ID, through
either:
➘  A. Configuring the router-id id-value router subcommand
➘  B. Preconfiguring an IPv4 address on any loopback interface whose
line status is up
➘  C. Preconfiguring an IPv4 address on any working interface whose
line status is up
▼ Step 3. Configure the ipv6 ospf process-id area area-number
command on each interface on which OSPFv3 should be enabled,
to both enable OSPFv3 on the interface and set the area number
for the interface.
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 Chapter 32
Dynamic Routes with OSPFv3
v OSPFv3 Passive Interfaces
▼ Configuring the interface as an OSPFv3 passive interface tells the
router to do the following:
➘  Quit sending OSPF Hellos on the interface
➘  Ignore received Hellos on the interface
➘  Do not form neighbor relationships over the interface
➘  Continue to advertise about any subnets connected to the interface

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 Chapter 32
Dynamic Routes with OSPFv3
v OSPFv2 and Matching OSPFv3 show Commands

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 Chapter 32
Exam Preparation Tasks

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 Chapter 32
Command Reference
v Configuration Commands

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 Chapter 32
Command Reference
v Configuration Commands

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 Chapter 32
Command Reference
v EXEC Commands

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Questions?

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