M.Tech.

II Semester Regular / Supplementary Examinations, july 2016

Finite Element Method
Scheme of Evaluation
1 a) what do you mean by essential and natural boundary conditions?
Essential boundary condition 2M

Natural Boundary Condition 2M

b) Analyze beam shown in figure by using FEM

Local Stiffness Matrix equation 2M

Local Stiffness Matrix for Element -1 2M

Local Stiffness Matrix for Element -2 2M

Assembly Matrix of Beam 3M

Boundary Condition and Elimination Approach 3M

3. a How do you evaluate the shape functions for the Lagrange elements? 6M

b Find the shape functions of cuboid or brick with 8 nodal points with the help of Lagrange

formulae. 6M
 4. a How convergence criterion is classified? Explain each of them and when the elements are
called conformal elements.

3M+3M+3M

b What is montonic convergence?

Definition 3M
 5. Determine the eigen values and eigenvectors for the stepped bar shown in the figure below.

Gathering the stiffness and mass values corresponding to the degrees of freedom Q2 and Q3, we get
the eigen value problem

3M

3M

3M
 3M

6. a Explain the inverse Iteration method. 4M+4M

The vector iteration methods includes power iteration, inverse iteration and subspace iteration
methods.

Inverse iteration method is used for the evaluation of small Eigen values

b List out the properties of Eigen vectors? 4M

1. The eigen values may be arranged in ascending order

2. If U1, U2, ••• Un are the corresponding eigenvectors, we have

3. The eigenvectors possess the property of being orthogonal with respect to both the
stiffness and mass matrices:

4. The lengths of eigenvectors are generally normalized so that

5. The foregoing normalization of the eigenvectors leads to the relation

7. a What are the two types of expressions in a weak form? Explain how to find the quadratic
functional.
Expressions for weak form 3M
Quadratic functional 3M

b Obtain the variational form and also compute quadratic functional for

Weighted residual 3M
Integration by parts 2M
Weak form 1M
 8. A composite wall consists of three materials as shown in the figure. The outer temperature is
T0 = 200C. Convection heat transfer takes place on the inner surface of the wall with T inf. = 8000C
and h = 25W/m2OC. Determine the temperature distribution in the wall.

Element conductivity matrices

2M

4M
Calculate Element conductivity matrices for 3 Elements

Global Conductivity matrices as 3M

Calculation of heat rate vector R

3M
Applying Ellimination Approach Method