Both recruitment and selection are the two phases of the employment

process. The differences between the two are:

1. Recruitment is the process of searching the candidates for

employment and stimulating them to apply for jobs in the organization
WHEREAS selection involves the series of steps by which the candidates
are screened for choosing the most suitable persons for vacant posts.

2. The basic purpose of recruitments is to create a talent pool of

candidates to enable the selection of best candidates for the
organization, by attracting more and more employees to apply in the
organization WHEREAS the basic purpose of selection process is to
choose the right candidate to fill the various positions in the
organization.

3. Recruitment is a positive process i.e. encouraging more and more

employees to apply WHEREAS selection is a negative process as it
involves rejection of the unsuitable candidates.

4. Recruitment is concerned with tapping the sources of human

resources WHEREAS selection is concerned with selecting the most
suitable candidate through various interviews and tests.

5. There is no contract of recruitment established in recruitment

WHEREAS selection results in a contract of service between the
employer and the selected employee
Difference between Recruitment and Selection

Basis Recruitment Selection

Meaning It is an activity of establishing contact It is a process of picking up more

between employers and applicants. competent and suitable employees.

Objective It encourages large number of It attempts at rejecting unsuitable

Candidates for a job. candidates.

Process It is a simple process. It is a complicated process.

Hurdles The candidates have not to cross over Many hurdles have to be crossed.
many hurdles.

Approach It is a positive approach. It is a negative approach.

Sequence It proceeds selection. It follows recruitment.

Economy It is an economical method. It is an expensive method.

Time Less time is required. More time is required.

Consuming

Deadlock:
 The computer system uses may types of resource which are then used by
various processes to carry out their individual functions.
  But problem is that the amount of resources available is limited and many
process needs to use it.
 A set of process is said to be in a deadlocked state when every process in the
set is waiting for an event that can be caused only by another process in the
set. The event can be resource acquisition, resource release etc. The
resource can be physical (printers, memory space) or logical (semaphores,
files)

The necessary and sufficient conditions for deadlock to occur are:

 Mutual Exclusion
o A resource at a time can only be used by one process.
o If another process is requesting for the same resource, then it must be
delayed until that resource is released.
 Hold and Wait
o A process is holding a resource and waiting to acquire additional
resources that are currently being held by other processes.
 No Pre-emption:
o Resources cannot be pre-empted
o Resource can be released only by the process currently holding it
based on its voluntary decision after completing the task
 Circular wait
o A set of processes { P0,P1,….,Pn-1,Pn } such that the process P0 is
waiting for resource held by P1,P1 is waiting for P2 ,and Pn is waiting
for P0 to release its resources.
o Every process holds a resource needed by the next process.