Physical Education: Content Knowledge: Test at A Glance

Physical Education: Content Knowledge (0091)
Test at a Glance
Test Name Physical Education: Content Knowledge
Test Code 0091
Time 2 hours
Number of Questions 120
Format Multiple-choice questions
Approximate Approximate
Content Categories Number of Percentage of
Questions Examination
VI
I I. Fundamental Movements, Motor
V
Development, and Motor Learning 29 24%
IV
IV II. Movement Forms 29 24%
III
II III. Fitness and Exercise Science 23 19%
IV. Social Science Foundations 13 11%
V. Biomechanics 10 8%
VI. Health and Safety 16 14%
About This Test

The Content Knowledge test in Physical Education is designed to measure the professional knowledge of prospective
teachers of physical education in elementary through senior high schools. The test assesses whether an examinee has the
knowledge and competencies necessary for a beginning teacher of physical education.
The 120 multiple-choice questions cover knowledge of fitness, fundamental movements, and sports that comprise the
content of physical education classes; knowledge of areas in the natural and social sciences that provide the foundation for
teaching these activities; and knowledge of crucial topics in health and safety. Knowledge of these subject areas enables
teachers to understand the nature and purpose of the activities in the physical education curriculum; to evaluate and
interpret the physical characteristics and performances of students in physical education classes; and to make decisions about
the ongoing conduct of physical education classes and the needs of students in those classes. Questions will test knowledge of
essential facts, including the meaning of terms and placement of content elements in proper categories; understanding of
relationships between and among areas of content; and the ability to apply concepts appropriately.
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Topics Covered II. Movement Forms

● Dance and rhythmic activities:
III. Fitness and Exercise Science
● Components: cardiorespiratory
Representative descriptions of dance forms, such as folk, square, and muscular endurance, body
topics covered in each category are
and aerobic dancing; skill composition, flexibility
provided below.
analysis of dance movements ● Conditioning practices and
● Gymnastics: stunts and principles: frequency,
I. Fundamental Movements,
tumbling, use of gymnastic intensity, time/duration,
Motor Development, and
apparatus, movement themes in the role of exercise
Motor Learning
educational gymnastics ● Human biology: anatomy
● Fundamental movements:
● Games: game forms, including and physiology, including
locomotor, nonlocomotor,
invasion games; cooperative and identification of major muscles,
manipulative, and falling/
competitive games; analysis of bones, and systems of the
landing movement skills;
skills, rules, and strategies of human body and their
movement concepts such
particular games functions; exercise physiology,
as body, space, effort,
● Individual/dual/team sports: including terminology,
and relationship
analysis of skills, injury components of fitness,
● Growth and motor devel-
prevention and safety, rules and principles of exercise, roles of
opment: role of perception in
strategies, facilities and body systems in exercise, short-
motor development, such as in
equipment, lifetime activities and and long-term effects of
spatial movement relationships;
recreational pursuits, adventure physical training, relationship
neurophysiology of motor
and outdoor pursuits, and the between nutrition and fitness
control; effects of maturation and
martial arts. The emphasis is
experience on motor patterns;
predominantly on basketball,
biological and environmental
soccer, softball, swimming,
influences on gender differences
tennis, track and field, and
in motor performances
volleyball. Questions may also be
● Motor learning: classical and
based on other sports or activities
current theories of motor
commonly used in physical
learning; variables that affect
education settings.
learning and performance;
effects of individual differences
on learning and performance
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IV. Social Science Foundations V. Biomechanics ● Health appraisals and referrals:

● History of physical education ● Terminology: mass, force, health-related fitness appraisals;
leading men and women, major friction personal goal-setting and
issues, and events in the history ● Basic principles of movement: assessment, such as Physical
of physical education; historical summation of forces, center Best, President’s Challenge, and
relationship of physical of gravity, force/speed Fitnessgram; considerations
education to health and fitness relations, torque related to the Individuals with
● Current philosophical issues: ● Application of basic principles Disabilities Education Act
purpose of physical education; to sports skills ● Handling accidents and
relationship between teaching ● Methods of analyzing movement illnesses: first aid, CPR,
and coaching; accountability; ● Analysis of basic movement water safety, certification
roles, benefits, and effects patterns: overhand throw, ● Liability and legal aspects:
of competition underhand throw, kick considerations of equipment,
● Sociological and sociopolitical class organization, supervision,
issues: cultural diversity, equity VI. Health and Safety program selection
(Title IX, Individuals with Dis- ● Safety and injury prevention: ● Effects of substance abuse on
abilities Education Act, general and specific safety performance and behavior
affirmative action), general considerations for all
educational issues movement activities; fitness-
● Psychology: personality factors related safety considerations,
that affect participation, social- such as warm-up/cool-down,
psychological factors that affect harmful exercise techniques,
participation, cooperation and environmental conditions
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Sample Test Questions 4. When dribbling a soccer ball in a restricted space, the
player should attempt to do all of the following
The sample questions that follow illustrate the kinds of questions EXCEPT
in the test. They are not, however, representative of the entire (A) keep the ball close to the feet
scope of the test in either content or difficulty. Answers with (B) stay in a slightly crouched position
explanations follow the questions. (C) use body feints and changes of speed
Directions: Each of the questions or statements below is (D) use only the dominant foot for better control
followed by four suggested answers or completions. Select
the one that is best in each case. 5. It is reputed that Milo of Greece lifted a newborn bull
onto his shoulders each day until the bull became
1. In which of the following locomotor skills does each fully mature. Milo followed what two principles of
foot have two tasks to complete before the weight is modern muscle strength and endurance conditioning?
transferred to the other foot?
(A) Progression and overload
(A) Galloping (B) Variable resistance and overload
(B) Running (C) Frequency and progression
(C) Walking (D) Intensity and retention
(D) Skipping
6. In which of the following lists is each physiological
2. Which of the following is a problem most factor linearly (proportionately) related to
characteristic of the primitive stage of oxygen consumption?
forward rolling?
(A) Cardiac output, diastolic blood pressure,
(A) Keeping the chin tucked heart rate
(B) Keeping the knees and hips flexed (B) Cardiac output, heart rate, work rate
(C) Losing the curl (C) Core temperature, red blood cell count, work rate
(D) Using the hands to cushion the head contact (D) Minute ventilation, red blood cell count,
respiration rate
3. All of the following are characteristics of a correct
mature form for striking a ball with a racquet 7. In the late 1800’s, the greatest influence on the
EXCEPT direction of physical education came from individuals
(A) taking a forward step with the foot opposite to with a background in which of the following?
the striking arm (A) Medicine
(B) coiling and rotating the body forward as the (B) Professional sport
racquet is swung (C) Intercollegiate sport
(C) putting weight on the back foot and then shifting (D) The military
to the front foot as the racquet is swung
(D) stopping the racquet at the point of contact
with the ball
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8. According to most sport sociologists, a sport is 11. Which of the following practice alternatives
primarily described as what kind of activity? would best promote motor learning and safety for
(A) idealized potentially injurious sports such as pole vaulting and
(B) institutionalized downhill skiing?
(C) masculinized (A) Whole
(D) professionalized (B) Part
(C) Progressive-part
9. Angular motion is represented by which of (D) Distributed
the following?
I. The knees of a cyclist 12. All of the following are direct physiological
II. The legs of a runner consequences of warm-down (cool-down) activities
III. The arms of a swimmer following vigorous physical activity EXCEPT
(A) I only (A) preventing blood from pooling in the legs
(B) III only (B) increasing the rate of lactic acid removal from
(C) I and II only the blood and skeletal muscle
(D) I, II, and III (C) promoting the reduction of cholesterol in
the blood
10. The correct racing posture of a swimmer, a cyclist, or (D) reducing the risk of cardiac irregularities
a downhill skier minimizes the effect of
(A) lift
(B) propulsion
(C) turbulence
(D) gravity
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Answers
1. In walking and running, each foot performs a single task 7. The primary role in the development of physical
before the other foot takes over. In galloping, each foot education in the nineteenth century was played by
performs a single task, but one foot “walks” while the other physicians interested in anthropometric measurement and
foot “leaps.” In skipping, each foot both “walks” and “hops” other medically related subjects. A is the correct answer.
before the other foot takes over. Therefore, D is the
8. The best answer is (B). A sport is described by most
correct answer.
sociologists as an institutionalized activity. An activity
2. Choices A, B, and D are all characteristic of inter- becomes a sport after undergoing a process through which
mediate or advanced levels of performing the forward roll. behaviors and organization become standardized over time.
Choice C is characteristic of early or primitive stages As a sport, the activity takes on fundamental characteristics
of performing the forward roll and is the correct answer. such as official rule enforcement, equipment regulations, and
formalized skills (see Jay J. Coakley, Sport in Society: Issues
3. Choices A, B, and C are all generally accepted as
and Controversies).
essential elements of mature striking form. “Following
through” with the swing is also an essential element, and 9. The definition of angular motion clearly covers all three
thus D is the correct answer. of the movements listed; therefore, D is the correct answer.
4. Although most players, even at fairly advanced levels, 10. All three activities require that their participants
will have better control with the dominant foot than with maintain a compact arrangement of the body so that it can
the nondominant foot, it is still essential that practice in move smoothly through the medium (air or water) that is
dribbling at every level emphasize use of both feet. D is the involved. C is the correct answer, because the failure to
correct answer. observe this compact bodily arrangement would hinder
movement by creating turbulence.
5. Choice A is the correct answer because progression
and overload are the terms used in discussions of fitness 11. Choice C describes a method of practice that involves
that refer to adjusting the amount of exercise to a person’s working on specific elements of a skill in isolation. Because
present capacity (overload) and gradually increasing the this method allows those elements of a skill that present
amount of exercise over time to improve the level of the greatest risk of injury to be mastered under controlled
fitness (progression). conditions before the skill is attempted “whole” and under
real conditions, C is the correct answer.
6. Choice B is the correct answer because it is the only
option that does not include at least one item that does not 12. This question is based on a standard textbook discussion
increase in a linear fashion as oxygen consumption increases. of the rationale for warm-down following vigorous physical
activity, which clearly establishes A, B, and D as real effects
of proper warm-down procedures. C is not such an effect and
is thus the correct answer.
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Physical Education: Content Knowledge: Test at A Glance

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Physical Education: Content Knowledge (0091)

About This Test

Topics Covered II. Movement Forms

IV. Social Science Foundations V. Biomechanics ● Health appraisals and referrals:

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