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REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
O câncer esofágico (CE) está entre umas das 10 causas mais comuns de
neoplasia no mundo, e é uma das principais causas de morte das neoplasias que
afetam o trato gastrointestinal (Tustumi et al., 2016). Foram registrados no Brasil, no
ano de 2002, 8865 novos casos de carcinoma esofágico, 1315 destes pacientes
aproximadamente foram a óbito devido a esta patologia (Justino, Carvalho, Ferauche,
& Ros, 2003). Existem dois tipos histológicos de CE: o carcinoma de células
escamosas e o adenocarcinoma. Estes apresentam características clínico-patológicas
distintas, mas que costumam ser diagnosticados em fases avançadas da doença. De
forma que, apesar dos avanços nas técnicas cirúrgicas e multimodalidades
terapêuticas, 14% dos pacientes continuam com uma taxa de sobrevivência inferior
aos 5 anos (Maliakal et al., 2012).
2.1.2 Ciclina D1
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