BTAR 2022 ADVANCED CADD

By YTOONG
1.1 Introduction

Acronym for Computer-Aided Design and Drafting. CADD systems are

CAD systems with additional drafting features. For example, CADD
systems enable an engineer or architect to insert size annotations and
other notes into a design.

CAD stands for Computer-Aided Design

CAD software are the repository of accurate and comprehensive records

of buildings and are used by architects and architectural companies.

and etc…
Introduction cont’d…

However, CAAD refers to the use of any computational technique in the field
of architectural design.

For example, software which is specifically developed for the computer

animation industry (e.g. Maya©, 3DS Max ©, Cinema 4D and etc.), is also used
in architectural design.

These programs can produce photo realistic 3-dimensional renders and

animations. Nowadays real-time rendering is being popular with the
advance developments in graphic cards.

NVIDIA GeForce GTX Titan X

Real-time rendering
1. Creating primitive object – Cylinder
2. Converting cylinder to Editable Poly by clicking the right mouse button.
3. Modifying object with Inset
4. Modifying object with Extrude , a negative extrude.
5. Modifying object with Slice Plane, Slice to create more segments.
6. Draw a polyline for the mug
7. Select particular polygon from segment created by ‘Slice’ modifier
8. Select Extrude Along Spline. Adjust the segment numbers to achieve certain degree of
mesh smooth.
9. Bridge the incomplete segments under edit poly modifier.

Figure 1

Photo realistic rendering by YTOONG

Figure 2 Figure 3
CAD - A Drafting Tool
The advanced drafting (digital drawing skill) enables a design to be realised by the
producer/builder through pragmatic dimensions consideration, sequence of
assembly and workability / constructability of a design. It prepares a preliminary
version of design for further development.

Figure 4: An AutoCAD drawing with details generated by one drawing. Never draw thing twice.
1.2 Customisation of AutoCAD

AutoCAD® is a general-purpose drafting system designed with an open

architecture so you can customize and extend its many features. As a result,
you can expand and shape AutoCAD according to your needs.

 Organize files. You can organize program, support, and drawing

files. For example, you can make a separate folder for each project
that includes only the support files that project needs.

 Create custom drawing templates (DWTs). You can create custom

drawing templates to use when creating a new drawing. Drawing
templates are used to store the layers, blocks, and styles that you
might use across all your drawings.
Overview of File Organization
AutoCAD uses support files for purposes such as storing customization
definitions, loading AutoLISP and ObjectARX applications, and describing
text fonts.

A command can be a built-in command or system variable, an external

command or alias defined in the acad.pgp file, or a user-defined AutoLISP
command.

Commands can also be defined by ObjectARX applications or a device

driver command. You can enter a command on the command prompt or
choose a command from the appropriate menu. Commands can also be
entered from a script file or by an AutoLISP or ObjectARX application.
Multiple Drawing Folders
Organize Program and Support Files

Project Name

Working Submission
Documents Design Consultants
Drawings Drawings

Authorities Design Report Tender Construction S&P As Built Bomba C&S

Working Dwgs Planning

Client Drawings M&E
(GA) Approval

Building
Consultants Images Sectional (SE) Surveyor
Approval

Contractors Site Info Staircase (ST) Syabas QS

Door &
General Presentation ID
Window (DW)

Minutes of Toilet &

Landscape
Meetings Kitchen (TO)

Tender
Ceiling (CP)
Documents

Balcony &
Terrace (BT)

Water Supply
(WS)

Electrical (EL)

External
Works (EX)

Title Block
Locate Plot Style Files
The location AutoCAD uses for plot style files defines on how the program was
installed and configured. You can use the OPTIONS command to locate which
folder is being used to store your plot styles.

NOTE You can also locate your plot style files by entering stylesmanager on the
AutoCAD command line.
Standardization Using Template Drawing
CREATING A TEMPLATE FILE
that has desirable variables set, as well as layers, text styles, dimension
styles, layouts and plotting standards created specifically for architectural
drafting purposes. Your Template file can then be used to open new
drawings to eliminate having to set up these changes again in the future.
Create a Template File
TEMPLATE FILES
When you begin a drawing using AutoCAD, you will be drawing in an
environment which has pre-set variables setup by Autodesk for what they
consider to be the most common use. However, the settings which come
with the software "out of the box" are not good for drawings used in the
architectural and interior design industry, so they must be changed by you
to comply to standard drafting conventions in those fields.

USING TEMPLATE FILES:

To use a template file to begin a new drawing, select "File" from the
pulldown menu, then "New." The "Select template" dialogue box will open
up as shown in the following illustration:
Template File

Templates have the filename extension of *.dwt. Select your template file
from the list and pick "Open." To continue drawing, save it to any name and
folder you want using the "Save" command. The Template file you started
with will now be automatically saved as a DWG file.
The easiest way to make your standard settings permanent for later reuse is
to create your own Template File. Begin a new drawing, set the drawing
variables as you want them to be set, and then save the drawing as a
"Template" file for reuse to begin with on future drawings. This new file will
have no "entities" in it (lines, arcs, or circles), but it will include the
following variables:
Your list of LAYERS, with associated linetypes, colors, and lineweights
Your preferred text styles
Your preferred dimension styles
Your preferred AutoCAD variable settings
Your layout settings
Viewport(s)
Name of each viewport
Scale of each viewport
Plotting parameters of each viewport, such as what printer to plot
to, paper size, plot scale, drawing orientation, and plot style table
(pen assignments)
Title sheet information, such as a title block

To make a new Template file in AutoCAD, follow the steps in the order as listed
below:
1. Change the variable Startup to 1 (turn on): type startup<RET>1<RET>
2. Type new<RET>
3. Select the “Start from Scratch” radio button to set up a new drawing.
4. Select Metric. Click OK.
5. Save your drawing. A blank drawing will appear (called "Drawing1.dwg).
6. Set the AutoCAD "Units" variable
for use in architectural drafting
Type UNITS 
In the drop-down selection
box "Type:" select: Decimal
Precision: 0
Insertion Scale: select drop-
down list and pick
“Millimeters"
Angle Type: Deg/Min/Sec
Angle Precision: select drop-
down list and pick 0d00’00”
Click the OK button
7. Set the following AutoCAD System Variables to their proper values
a. Type VIEWRES <RET> <RET> 20000 <RET> This will make circles
and arcs appear smooth. (The default value is 200 which
makes circles look like octagons on the screen)
b. Type UCSICON <RET> OR <RET> This will place the Model Space
"User Coordinate System" (UCS) icon at the drawing or UCS
"origin" point (0,0,0) in the Model and in each Viewport.

8. Set up the Status Bar

9. Set the Object Snap functions.
10. Set the Polar Tracking functions.
11. Set up Layers.
12. Create the Text Styles
13. Create the Dimension Styles
14. Create a Multileader Style to annotate the drawing:
15. Create a Layout
16. Set the current layer to A-WALL.
17. Change Startup to start with a template file: Type startup <RET> 0
<RET>
18. Save the file you have just created as a "Template" file
19. Copy the template file to your flash drive for safe keeping.
Create a Template File
Exercise
1. Set unit length type to decimal and precision to 0.
2. Set unit angle type to Deg/Min/Sec, precision to 0d00’00” and
direction to clockwise.
3. Set Direction base angle to North.
4. On Osnap and check Endpoint, Midpoint, Center, Intersection,
Perpendicular and Nearest points.
Exercise
5. Setup layers as follow:
Exercise
6. Create Text Style as follow:
Style Name Fonts Width
Tx-Romans Romans 5
Tx-Arial Arial 200

7. Create Dimension Style as follow:

Style Name DIM
Extension lines 150
Arrow size 150
Text height 150
Text color magenta
Text placement Above and Centered
Offset from dim line 150
8. Set DIM as current.
Exercise
9. Create Multileader Style as follow:
Style Name Leader
Arrow head size 150
Landing distance 150
Text style Tx-Romans
Text height 150
Landing gap 150

10. Set Leader as current.

11. Save the template in your name.