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Solution:
Case 1
By neglecting elasticity of pipe
𝑘 2.1 × 103 × 106 𝑚
𝐶=√ =√ ⇒ 1449.14
𝜌 1000 𝑠𝑒𝑐
Water hammer pressure rise
⇒ – ρ × C × ΔV
⇒ - 1000 × 1449.14 x (0-2.1)
⇒ 3.04 MPa
Case 2
By considering elasticity of pipe
1
2
𝑘 1
𝐶=√ [ ]
𝜌 1 + (𝐷) ( 𝑘 )
𝑡 𝐸
1
2
2.1 × 109 1
⇒√ [ ]
1000 60 2.1 × 103
1 + (1.2) ( )
2.1 × 105
⇒ 1183.22 m/sec
Water hammer pressure rise
⇒ - ρ × C × ΔV
= - 1000 × 1183.22 × (0 – 2.1)
= 2.48 MPa
Difference in pressure rise in 2 cases = 3.01 – 2.48 = 0.56 MPa
Solution:
Dk = 3j – re + rr – nr
Where,
j = No. of joints
re = No. of external reactions
rr = Σ(mj – 1), where mj is number of member connecting with j number of joints.
nr = no. of rigid members
At section 1) – 1)
𝑉12
𝐸1 = 𝑦1 +
2𝑔
Q 10
y1 = = = 1.538 m
BV1 5.2 × 1.25
1.252
𝐸1 = 1.538 + = 1.617
2 × 9.81
𝑉1 1.25
𝐹𝑟1 = 𝑔𝑦 = < 1 (Sub – critical flow)
√ 1 √9.81×1.538
Q – 1. The maximum tensile stress at the section x-x shown in figure below is
a)
b)
c)
d)
Ans:
Solution:
Ans:
Solution:
Q – 3. Calculate the area of reinforcement (mm2) in a column of size 450 × 600 mm using
LSM subjected to an axial load of 2000 kN service dead and live load. Column has effective
length = 3 m. Use M25 and Fe 415.
Ans:
Solution:
Q – 4. A bracket connection is made of 6 bolts of 10 mm diameter and supports 50 kN at
an eccentricity of 100 mm as shown in figure. Calculate the maximum force experienced
by any bolt (in KN)
Ans:
Solution:
The active earth pressure at a depth of 6m suddenly changes from ____ kN/m2 to
____kN/m2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Ans:
Solution:
Q – 6. A 1.25% gradient meets a -0.75% gradient at chainage of 1000m and reduced level
of 60 m. The sight distance is 250 m. Determine the R.L. of point of commencement in
metres. Assume that the eye level of the driver is 1.15 m above the road surface and height
of obstruction 0.15m.
Ans:
Solution:
Q – 7. A smooth flat plate 2.0 m wide and 3 m long is towed in oil (RD =0.8) at a velocity
of 1.5 m/s along its length. Find the thickness of the boundary layer and shear stress at
the centre. Kinematic viscosity of fluid may be considered as 10-4 m2/s.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Ans:
Solution:
Q – 8. A trickling filter plant treats 1500 cum per day of sewage with a BOD5 of 220 mg/l
and a suspended solid concentration of 250 mg/l. Estimate the total solid production
assuming that primary clarification removes 40% of BOD and 60% of influent solids. Take
the solid production in the trickling filter as 0.5 kg/kg of the applied BOD.
Ans:
Solution: