Conjugation 1

[ aɪ ] [ aʊ ] [ aʊ ]
bind bound bound
find found found
grind ground ground
wind wound wound

Conjugation 2

[ aɪ ] [ɪ] [ɪ]
bite bit bitten
chide (chid) chided (chidden) chided
hide hid hidden
light lit (lighted) lit (lighted)
slide slid slid

Conjugation 3

[ aɪ ] [ əʊ ] [ɪ]
drive drove driven
ride rode ridden
rise rose risen
shrive shrove (shrived) shriven (shrived)
smite smote smitten
stride strode stridden
strive strove, strived striven, strived
thrive (throve), thrived thriven, thrived
write wrote written

Conjugation 4

[ aɪ ] [ ɔ: ] [ ɔ: ]
buy bought bought
fight fought fought
Conjugation 5

[e] [e] [e]

bend bent bent
dwell dwelt dwelt
lend lent lent
rend rent rent
send sent sent
smell smelt, smelled smelt, smelled
spell spelt, spelled spelt, spelled
spend spent spent

Conjugation 6

[e] [e] [ əʊ ]
melt melted (molten), melted (adj. molten)
swell swelled swollen, swelled

Conjugation 7

[e] [ɒ] [ɒ]

forget forgot forgotten
get got got, AmE gotten
tread trod trodden

Conjugation 8

[e] [ əʊ ] [ əʊ ]
sell sold sold
tell told told

Conjugation 9

[ eɪ ] [ eɪ ] [ eɪ ]
grave graved graved (graven)
lay laid laid
make made made
pay paid paid
shave shaved shaven, shaved
Conjugation 10

[ eɪ ] [ əʊ ] [ əʊ ]
break broke broken
stave stove, staved stove, staved
wake woke, waked waken, waked

Conjugation 11

[ eɪ ] [ʊ] [ eɪ ]
forsake forsook forsaken
shake shook shaken
take took taken

Conjugation 12

[ eə ] [ ɔ: ] [ ɔ: ]
bear bore born, borne
swear swore sworn
tear tore torn
wear wore worn

Conjugation 13

[ɪ] [æ] [æ]

shit (!) (shat), shit, shitted (shat), shit, shitted
sit sat sat
spit spat spat

Conjugation 14

[ɪ] [æ] [ʌ]

begin began begun
drink drank drunk (adj. drunken)
ring rang rung
 shrink shrank shrunk (adj. shrunken)
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk (adj. sunken)
spin ( BrE span), spun spun
spring sprang, ( AmE sprung) sprung
stink stank stunk
swim swam swum

Conjugation 15

[ɪ] [ eɪ ] [ɪ]
bid (bade), bid (bidden), bid
forbid forbade, forbad forbidden
give gave given

Conjugation 16

[ɪ] [ɪ] [ɪ]

built built built
gild (gilt), gilded gilded (adj. gilt)
spilt spilt, spilled spilt, spilled

Conjugation 17

[ɪ] [ ɔ: ] [ ɔ: ]
bring brought brought
think thought thought

Conjugation 18

[ɪ] [ʌ] [ʌ]

cling clung clung
dig dug dug
fling flung flung
sling slung slung
slink slunk slunk
stick stuck stuck
sting stung stung
string strung strung
 swing swung swung
win won won
wring wrung wrung

Conjugation 19

[ i: ] [e] [e]
bereave bereft, (bereaved) bereft, (bereaved)
bleed bled bled
breed bred bred
creep crept crept
deal dealt dealt
dream dreamt, dreamed dreamt, dreamed
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
flee fled fled
keep kept kept
kneel knelt knelt
lead led led
lean leant, leaned leant, leaned
leap leapt, leaped leapt, leaped
leave left left
mean meant meant
meet met met
read read read
sleep slept slept
speed sped, speeded sped, speeded
sweep swept swept
weep wept wept

Conjugation 20

[ i: ] [ əʊ ] [ əʊ ]
cleave clove (cleft, cleaved) cloven (cleft, cleaved)
freeze froze frozen
heave (hove), heaved (hove), heaved
speak spoke spoken
weave wove woven
wreak (wroke), wreaked † (wroken), wreaked
† Note that past tense of wreak is wreaked and not wrought, as many wrongly
assume. Wrought is the old past tense of to workand so to wreak havoc means to work
havoc. Past tense wroke and past participle wroken are now obsolete.
.

Conjugation 21

[ i: ] [ ɔ: ] [ ɔ: ]
beseech besought besought
seek sought sought
teach taught taught

Conjugation 22

[ əʊ ] [ əʊ ] [ əʊ ]
mow mowed mown, mowed
sew sewed sewn, sewed
show showed shown, showed
sow sowed sown, sowed

Conjugation 23

[ əʊ ] [ u: ] [ əʊ ]
blow blew blown
crow crew, crowed crowed
grow grew grown
know knew known
throw threw thrown

Conjugation 24

[ u: ] [ɒ] [ɒ]
lose lost lost
shoe shod shod
shoot shot shot

Conjugation 25
 [ ɜ: ] [ ɜ: ] [ ɜ: ]
burn burnt, burned burnt, burned
gird (girt), girded (girt), girded
learn learnt, learned learnt, learned

Conjugation 26

[—] [—] [—]

bet bet (betted) bet (betted)
bid bid, (bade) bid, (bidden)
broadcast broadcast, ( AmE broadcasted) broadcast, ( AmE broadcasted)
burst burst burst
cast cast cast
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
forecast forecast (forecasted) forecast (forecasted)
hit hit hit
hurt hurt hurt
knit knit (knitted) knit (knitted)
let let let
put put put
quit quit (quitted) quit (quitted)
rid rid (ridded) rid (ridded)
set set set
shed shed shed
shut shut shut
slit slit slit
split split split
spread spread spread
thrust thrust thrust
wed wed (wedded) wed (wedded)
wet wet (wetted) wet (wetted)

Isolated Cases — 42 Verbs with Truly Irregular

Irregularity
Infinitive or Basic Form Past Simple Past Participle
abide (abode), abided (abode), abided
be was, were been
beat beat beaten
 can** could been able to
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
clothe (clad), clothed (clad), clothed (adj. clad)
come came come
dare (durst), dared dared
dive ( AmE dove), dived dived
do did done
draw drew drawn
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
fly flew flown
give gave given
go went gone
hang hung, hanged hung, hanged
have had had
hear heard heard
hew hewed hewn, hewed
hold held held
lie lay lain
may** might —
must** had to had to
ought** — —
prove proved (proven), proved
run ran run
saw sawed sawn (sawed)
say said said
see saw seen
shall** should —
shear (shore), sheared (shorn), sheared
shine shone shone
slay slew slain
spoil spoilt, spoiled spoilt, spoiled
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
strew strewed strewn (strewed)
strike struck struck (stricken) (adj. stricken)
will** would —
work (wrought), worked (wrought), worked

Abbreviations Used
adj. Adjectival form
 AmE Mainly American English
BrE Mainly British English
** Modal auxiliary verb with no infinitive form (to...)
(!) Vulgar expression