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WOLFRAMIO (tungsteno)-W: Su uso esta generalizado en los aceros rápidos, aceros para
herramientas de corte y aceros para trabajos en caliente.
VANADIO-V: Con este aleante, también esta presente en la fabricación de la mayor parte
de las herramientas,, tiende a afinar el grano y a disminuir la templabilidad. Es un elemento
desoxidante muy fuerte.
TITANIO-ti: Su uso como aleante solo se aplica en aceros de alta gama y en cantidades
bajas, por su gran poder desoxidante y su gran capacidad de afinar el para desoxidar y afinar
el grano. Es un gran formador de carburos y combina rápidamente con el nitrógeno.
Steels contain alloying elements that improve some of their fundamental characteristics.
Carbon steels, as a general rule, contain: carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus and
sulfur. For this reason, we call alloy steels, steels that in addition to five elements above,
contain alloying elements such as: nickel, manganese, chromium, vanadium, tungsten,
molybdenum, cobalt, silicon, copper, titanium, zirconium, lead, selenium, niobium,
aluminum and boron.
The influence of these elements is very different, and, using the appropriate percentage,
we obtain steels with very different characteristics. We can manufacture pieces of great
thickness, with very high resistance inside them, tools that perfectly resist the action of
corrosive agents, mechanical components that reach great hardness with great tenacity,
mechanisms that maintain high resistances, even at high temperatures , molds of very
complicated shapes that do not deform or crack in temper, etc. These alloying agents can
dissolve in ferrite or form solid solutions with alpha iron, or they can tend to form
carbides. Some alloying agents raise or lower critical temperatures of the equilibrium
diagrams, Ac and Ar, iron-carbon diagram.
Widen or decrease the austenitic or ferritic field of the equilibrium diagram, and other
influences, also related to the iron-carbon diagram, such as the tendency to graphitize the
carbon, to modify the size of the grain, etc.
NICKEL-Ni: In steels alloyed with nickel, a slightly higher limit of elasticity and greater
elongations and resistances are obtained for the same hardness than with carbon or low
alloy steels.
CORMO-Cr: It is the special alloy most used in alloyed steels, used indistinctly in
construction steels, in tool steels, in stainless steels and hot steels.
MOLYBDENUM-Mo: This alloy gives us a great resistance to traction, increasing the
hardenability, as well as the resistance to mechanical creep, or deformation due to
displacement of the steel grain due to the prolonged work in high temperatures, creep of
the steels.
WOLFRAMIO (tungsten) -W: Its use is widespread in fast steels, steels for cutting tools and
steels for hot work.
VANADIO-V: With this alloy, it is also present in the manufacture of most of the tools, it
tends to fine-tune the grain and to decrease the hardenability. It is a very strong
deoxidizing element.
ALUMINUM-Al: As a deoxidizer it is commonly used for a large number of steels. All high
quality alloy steels contain aluminum but in low percentage.
TITANIO-ti: Its use as an alloy only applies to high-end steels and in low quantities, due to
its great deoxidizing power and its great ability to fine-tune it to deoxidize and fine-tune
the grain. It is a great carbide former and combines rapidly with nitrogen.