Business Statistics 1

Chapter  01 Frequency Distribution & Graph

 †h me †jL‡Ki eB †_‡K AsK/w_Dwi cÖ‡kœi aiY †h mv‡ji cixÿvq G‡m‡Q

†bqv n‡q‡Q:
Frequency Distribution 2011, 12, 14, 15, 2016
 Gupta & Gupta (18e) Bivariate F. Distribution 2011, 2017 (Acc)
 Larry J. Stephens (2e) Stem & Leaf Diagram 2012, 2016
 Abul Basher & Others (2016) Histogram 2012, 2014
 MA Kalam & Others (2016) Ogive 2015, 2016
 NU Questions (up to 2017) Pie Chart 2014, 2016

cwimsL¨vb (Statistics) m¤ú‡K© cÖv_wgK aviYv1

 cwimsL¨vbt cwimsL¨vb cÖavbZ `ywU A‡_© e¨eüZ nq| GKePb A‡_© cwimsL¨vb n‡”Q
Áv‡bi GKwU kvLv ev welq| cwimsL¨vb n‡”Q Ggb GKwU weÁvb hv msL¨vZ¥K Z_¨ msMÖn, Dc¯’vcb,
we‡kølY I e¨vL¨v K‡i (Statistics may be defined as a science of collection, presentation, analysis and
interpretation of numerical data.2.)
eûePb A‡_© cwimsL¨vb n‡”Q msM„nxZ Z_¨ivwk (numerical or statistical data) | †hgb:
ÔRbmsL¨v cwimsL¨vbÕ RbmsL¨vi ˆewkó¨ m¤úK©xq Z_¨mg~n|

 cwimsL¨v‡bi ˆewkó¨:
1| cwimsL¨vb mgwói Z_¨, †Kvb GK‡Ki bq; 4| cwimsL¨v‡bi Z_¨ Zzjbv‡hvM¨;
2| cwimsL¨v‡bi msL¨v m~PK cÖKvk Avek¨K; 5| cwimsL¨v‡bi Z_¨ we‡kl D‡Ï‡k¨ msM„nxZ n‡e;
3| cwimsL¨vb Z_¨vbymÜvb †_‡K cÖvß; 6| cwimsL¨vb Z_¨vw` eûwea KviY Øviv cÖfvweZ|

 cwimsL¨v‡bi cÖavb KvRmg~n:

1| Z_¨ msMÖn 3| Z_¨ Dc¯’vcb 5| we‡køwlZ Z_¨ †_‡K wm×všÍ
MÖnY
2| Z_¨ web¨¯ÍKiY 4| Z_¨ we‡kølY 6| fwel¨Z djvdj Abygvb Kiv|

1 Father of Modern Statistics: Sir Ronald A. Fisher. [NU 2014]

2 Frequency (MYmsL¨v): [NU 2015] Z_¨mvwi‡Z †Kvb gv‡bi cybive„wˇK H gvbwUi MYmsL¨v
e‡j|
Frequency means the number of observation of a specific value or class.

3 Frequency Distribution (MYmsL¨v wb‡ekb): MYmsL¨v wb‡ekb n‡jv Ggb GKwU mviYx
†hLv‡b GKwU Pj‡Ki gvb¸‡jv‡K µgvbymv‡i MYmsL¨vmn cvkvcvwk mvRv‡bv nq|

1
cwimsL¨vb cwiwPZ (1997), evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek^we`¨vjq, c„. 3-4|
2 Gupta, S. G. (2015). Business Statistics (18th ed.). New Delhi: Sutan Chand & Sons; page-4.
2 Chapter  01 : Introduction: Frequency Distribution & Graph

A frequency distribution is a table in which possible values are grouped into classes, and the
number of observed values which fall into each class is recorded. Data organized in a frequency
distribution are called grouped data.

4 Variable (PjK): PjK n‡”Q Ggb GKUv ˆewkó¨ hvi gvb GK GKK †_‡K Ab¨ GK‡K cwieZ©b nq|

5 Discrete Variable (wew”Qbœ PjK): †h Pj‡Ki gvb fMœvs‡k cÖKvk m¤¢e bq, Zv‡K wew”Qbœ
PjK e‡j| †hgb: cwiev‡ii m`m¨ msL¨v|

6 Continuous Variable (Awew”Qbœ PjK): †h Pj‡Ki gvb c~Y©msL¨v ev fMœvs‡k cÖKvk Kiv
hvq, Zv‡K Awew”Qbœ PjK e‡j| †hgb: D”PZv|

7 Inclusive Method (AšÍfz³ c×wZ): MYmsL¨v wb‡ek‡bi †Kvb †kÖYxi wb¤œmxgv I D”Pmxgv‡K
†mB †kÖYxi AšÍf©y³ a‡i †kÖYxe¨wß MVb Kiv n‡j Zv‡K AšÍf©y³ †kÖYxe¨wß e‡j| wew”Qbœ
Pj‡Ki †ÿ‡Î mvaviYZ G c×wZ‡Z MYmsL¨v mviYx ˆZwi Kiv nq| D`vniYt
04 = 0,1,2,3,4
†kÖYxi AšÍf©y³
59 = 5,6,7,8,9
When the class both the lower and upper limits are included in the class interval; it is known as the
inclusive method of classification.

8 Exclusive Method (ewnf©~Z c×wZ): ewnf©~Z A_© evwn‡i Avwef©~Z| G‡ÿ‡Î †kÖYxi
D”Pmxgv †ei n‡q cieZ©x †kÖYxi wb¤œmxgv nq| Awew”Qbœ Pj‡Ki †ÿ‡Î G c×wZ‡Z MYmsL¨v
mviYx ˆZwi Kiv nq| D`vniYt
0  5 = 0,1,2,3,4  MÖvd AsK‡bi †ÿ‡Î Exclusive Method -G MYmsL¨vv
510 = 5,6,7,8,9 mviYx ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e|

When the class intervals are so fixed that the upper limit of one class is the lower limit of the next
class; it is known as the exclusive method of classification.

9 Open end classes: A class limit is missing either at the lower end of the first class interval or at the
upper end of the last class interval or both are not specified. The example for the open-end classes
as follows:
Salary Range No of workers
Below 2000 7
2000 –4000 5
4000 –6000 6
6000 –8000 4
8000 and above 3
 Business Statistics 3

10 Frequency Distribution Table ˆZwii avcmg~n:

i. Largest Value (L) = 120
ii. Smallest Value (S) = 50
iii. Range = L  S = 120  50 = 70
𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 70
iv. Class interval: According to Sturges rule, class interval, i = = = 11.85
1+3.322 log 𝑁 1+3.322 log 30

Let, 10 is considered as class interval. [cÖvß djvd‡ji KvQvKvwQ myweavRbK msL¨v]

Frequency Distribution Table

Class Tally Frequency
5060 4
6070 5
---- ---- ----
N= 30

11 Stem and Leaf Diagram:

A Stem and Leaf Diagram is a special table where each data value is split into a "stem" (the first
digit or digits) and a "leaf" (usually the last digit).
Example: Construct a stem and leaf diagram: 15, 16, 21, 23, 23, 26, 26, 30, 32, 41

Stem and Leaf Diagram

Stem Leaf f
1 56 2
2 13366 5
3 02 2
4 1 1
N= 10
Stem "1" Leaf "5" means 15
4 Chapter  01 : Introduction: Frequency Distribution & Graph

12. Pie Diagram/ Chart:

Calculation of angle
Items Expense Angle % of
Other
Total
Cost
Cost 19%
600 M Cost
Cost of Materials 600 × 3600 = 2000 56% Materi
1080 8%
180 als
Cost of Labour 180 × 3600 = 600 17% 56%
1080 Labour
90 17%
Manufacturing 90 × 3600 = 300 8%
1080
Cost
600
Other Cost 210 × 3600 = 700 19%
1080

Total 1080 3600 100%

13 Classification of Graphs (†j‡Li †kÖYxwefvM):

1. Histogram (AvqZ‡jL)
2. Frequency Polygon (MYmsL¨v eûf‚R)
3. Frequency Curve (MYmsL¨v †iLv)
4. Ogive Curve/ Cumulative Frequency Curve (AwRf †iLv)

14 Histogram (AvqZ‡jL)t †Kvb MYmsL¨v wb‡ek‡bi cÖwZwU †kÖYxi MYmsL¨v‡K †h †j‡Li

gva¨‡g GK GKwU Dj¤^ AvqZ‡ÿÎ Øviv cÖ`k©b Kiv nq, Zv‡K AvqZ‡jL e‡j| G‡Z x Aÿ eivei
†kÖYxe¨wß Ges y Aÿ eivei MYmsL¨v Dc¯’vcb Kiv nq|
A histogram is a bar graph of a frequency distribution.

15 Frequency Polygon (MYmsL¨v eûf‚R)t MYmsL¨v eûf~‡Ri Y- A‡ÿ MYmsL¨v †`Lv‡bv nq Ges X-
A‡ÿ †kÖYxe¨wßi ga¨we›`yi gvb †`Lv‡bv nq| wbw`©ó †¯‹j Abyhvqx X- A‡ÿ †kÖYxe¨wßi
ga¨we›`y¸wji gv‡bi Ae¯’vb wba©viY K‡i †mB †kÖYxi MYmsL¨vi gvb Abyhvqx Y- Aÿ eivei
we›`y ¯’vcb Kiv nq| GB me ¯’vwcZ we›`y¸wj‡K avivevwnKfv‡e mij‡iLv Øviv mshy³ Ki‡j †h wPÎ
Aw¼Z nq Zv‡KB MYmsL¨v eûf‚R e‡j| eûf‚RwUi c~Y©Zvi Rb¨ web¨v‡m cÖ_‡g Ges †k‡l `yBwU
†kÖYx †hvM Kiv nq| GB `yB †kÖYxi MYmsL¨v aiv nq k~Y¨| A frequency polygon is a line graph
of a frequency distribution.

16 Frequency Curve (MYmsL¨v †iLv)t MYmsL¨v †iLv MYmsL¨v eûf‚‡Ri GKwU we‡kl iƒc|
MYmsL¨v †iLv I MYmsL¨v eûf‚‡Ri g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ n‡jv, MYmsL¨v †iLvq we›`y¸‡jv gy³ n‡¯Í †hvM
Kiv nq Ges †iLvi cÖvšÍØq X-A‡ÿi mv‡_ hy³ Kiv nq bv| (A frequency curve is a smoothed
frequency polygon.)

17 Ogive Curve (AwRf †iLv)t µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v‡K ˆjwLK Dcv‡q Dc¯’vcb Ki‡j Zv‡K AwRf ev
µg‡hvwRZ MYmsL¨v †iLv e‡j| The graph of a cumulative frequency distribution is called an
ogive. AwRf †iLv `yB cÖKvi n‡Z cv‡it
 Business Statistics 5

 Less than ogive curve (Eb/DaŸ©µg3 AwRf †iLv)t X-A‡ÿ †kÖYx D”P mxgv Ges Y-A‡ÿ
DaŸ©µg †hvwRZ MYmsL¨v ¯’vcb K‡i we›`y¸‡jv wPwýZ Kiv nq| Gici we›`y¸‡jv gy³ n‡¯Í †hvM
Ki‡j †h †iLv cvIqv hvq Zv‡K Eb AwRf †iLv e‡j|

 More than ogive curve (Awa/Aatµg4 AwRf †iLv)t X-A‡ÿ †kÖYx wb¤œ mxgv Ges Y-A‡ÿ
Aatµg †hvwRZ MYmsL¨v ¯’vcb K‡i we›`y¸‡jv wPwýZ Kiv nq| Gici we›`y¸‡jv gy³ n‡¯Í †hvM Ki‡j
†h †iLv cvIqv hvq Zv‡K Awa AwRf †iLv e‡j|

Histogram Less than ogive curve More than ogive curve

70 70
60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Frequency Polygon Frequency Curve

3
DaŸ©µg (ascending order)  µ‡gB DaŸ©; †hgb: 1, 2, 3, 4
4
Aatµg (descending order)  µ‡gB Aat; †hgb: 4, 3, 2, 1
6 Chapter  01 : Introduction: Frequency Distribution & Graph

Chapter Exercise : Part B and C 01

 Frequency Distribution 
Problem-1 Prepare a frequency distribution from the following data taking class interval as 10:
4 9 10 12 17 19 20 16 26 29 30 42 55 70 65 69 73 40 50 60

Problem-2 Prepare a frequency distribution from the following data taking class interval as 10 by
inclusive method:
4 9 10 12 17 19 20 16 26 29 30 42 55 70 65 69 73 40 50 60

Problem-3 [A. Basher, p. 109] Make a frequency distribution taking class interval as 5 by inclusive
method:
5 3 7 2 12 11 20 2 18 31 15 19 9 33 45 40 44 32 30 50

Problem-4 Make a frequency distribution taking class interval as 5 by exclusive method:

5 3 7 2 12 11 20 2 18 31 15 19 9 33 45 40 44 32 30 50

Problem-5 [NU 2011] For the following raw data prepare a frequency distribution with a class
interval of 5 on inclusive basis:
12 14 40 16 10 10 19 20 28 30 19 27 15 21 33
45 7 19 20 26 26 37 6 5 20 30 37 17 21 20

Problem-6 [NU 2015] Prepare a frequency distribution from the following data:
33 32 47 55 21 50 27 12 68 49 40 17 44 62 24
 Business Statistics 7

42 33 38 45 26 44 33 48 52 30 50 37 38 45 48

Problem-7 The obtained marks of 30 candidates in an examination are given below:-

60, 30, 35, 55, 68, 72, 60, 52, 48, 40
55, 37, 55, 58, 75, 88, 56, 49, 65, 50
30, 45, 57, 36, 62, 42, 72, 73, 75, 85

Construct a frequency distribution table by using suitable class interval.

Problem-8 The obtained marks of 30 students in an examination are given below:-

40, 40, 35, 55, 78, 72, 50, 52, 48, 72
55, 67, 60, 47, 75, 77, 43, 49, 45, 29
20, 65, 57, 69, 52, 65, 72, 73, 85, 60

Construct a frequency distribution table by using suitable class interval.

Problem-9 In a class test, marks obtained from 30 students are provided to you.
9 8 40 35 21 7 27 12 26 49 43 20 41 39 20
30 35 36 10 26 44 33 48 49 30 48 35 39 42 50
Required: Prepare a frequency distribution.

Problem-10 The following data represent the marks obtained from 30 students:
5 6 9 20 21 7 27 12 26 39 13 20 41 39 20
26 19 30 15 35 24 33 18 29 30 27 35 39 40 39
Required: Prepare a frequency distribution and

Problem-11 In a class test, marks obtained from 100 students are provided to you.
Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
No. of Students 5 10 25 30 20 10
Find the  mid values, relative frequency, cumulative frequency, frequency density, and
percentage frequency of each class.
8 Chapter  01 : Introduction: Frequency Distribution & Graph

Problem-12
Daily Sales (in 700  800  900 1000  1100 1100  1200 1200  1300
Taka) 800 900 1000
No. of Item 6 8 16 10 4 2
From the above frequency distribution find  mid values, relative frequency, cumulative
frequency, frequency density, and percentage frequency of each class.
Problem-13 The following data represent the expenditure obtained from 1000 families:
Expenditure 40-59 60-79 80-99 100-119 120-139
No. of families 50 250 500 150 50
Find the  mid values, relative frequency, cumulative frequency, frequency density, and
percentage frequency of each class.

Problem-14 [NU 2nd year 2016 (MRK)] The profits (in lac Tk.) of 30 companies for the year 2013-
2014 are given below:-
22, 20, 42, 35, 37, 42, 48, 49, 53, 65, 39, 48, 67, 18, 53

23, 16, 37, 53, 49, 36, 56, 55, 54, 58, 57, 69, 25, 29, 56

Classify the above data taking a suitable class interval.

Problem-15 The profits (in lac Tk.) of 30 companies for the year 2013-2014 are given below:-
22, 20, 42, 35, 37, 42, 48, 49, 53, 65, 39, 48, 67, 18, 53

23, 16, 37, 53, 49, 36, 56, 55, 54, 58, 57, 69, 25, 29, 56

Classify the above data taking a suitable class interval by inclusive method:

Problem-16 [NU 2nd year 2016 (MRK)] The following data represent the daily income (in Tk.) of
30 workers. by taking class interval 5, construct a frequency distribution and how much percentage
of workers would have income more than or equal to Tk 50
65, 80, 55, 60, 70, 72, 85, 50, 52, 60, 57, 87, 75, 68, 65

56, 78, 80, 86, 62, 70, 60, 50, 56, 74, 66, 62, 88, 80, 75

Problem-17 The following data represent the daily income (in Tk.) of 30 workers. by taking class
interval 10, construct a frequency distribution and how much percentage of workers would have
income more than or equal to Tk 40
65, 15, 55, 60, 70, 72, 10, 50, 62, 60, 57, 20, 75, 68, 65

56, 78, 40, 30, 62, 70, 79, 50, 56, 74, 66, 62, 28, 35, 75
 Business Statistics 9

Problem-18 The following data represent the daily income (in Tk.) of 30 workers. by taking class
interval 10, construct a frequency distribution and how much percentage of workers would have
income more than or equal to Tk 60
62, 70, 62, 60, 70, 72, 10, 50, 62, 60, 57, 22, 72, 68, 55

50, 78, 43, 32, 62, 75, 79, 40, 56, 74, 66, 62, 28, 32, 65
 Stem & Leaf Diagram + Bi-variate Frequency Table 

Problem-19 [NU 2012] Construct a stem and leaf diagram from the following data:
10 8 7 5 10 13 25 21 30 16 19 40
30 50 28 29 32 33 20 26 37 39 24 42

Problem-20 [A. Basher, p. 114 (modified)] Construct a stem and leaf diagram from the following data:
25, 27, 29, 32, 38, 44, 48, 53, 55, 59, 38, 29, 44, 55, 48, 62, 68, 75, 18, 9.

Problem-21 [Kalam, p. 2-169] Construct a stem and leaf display from the following data:
114 99 131 124 117 102 106 127 119 115
98 104 144 151 132 106 125 122 118 118

Problem-22 [NU 2016] The obtained marks of 30 candidates in an examination are given below:-
40, 30, 35, 55, 68, 72, 60, 52, 48, 62
45, 47, 53, 57, 75, 87, 56, 49, 45, 39
40, 45, 57, 59, 62, 65, 72, 73, 85, 90

(a) Construct a frequency distribution table by using suitable class interval;

(b) Construct a stem and leaf diagram.

Problem-23 The obtained marks of 30 students in an examination are given below:-

30, 40, 35, 55, 68, 72, 60, 52, 48, 72
35, 67, 53, 47, 75, 87, 46, 49, 45, 29
30, 55, 57, 69, 52, 65, 72, 73, 85, 60

(a) Construct a frequency distribution table by using suitable class interval;

(b) Construct a stem and leaf diagram.

Problem-24 [NU 2011] The following data represent the marks in Business Mathematics (x) and Business
Statistics (y) of 15 students. Prepare a Bi-Variate Frequency Table from the following data:-
10 Chapter  01 : Introduction: Frequency Distribution & Graph

x 46 30 21 15 18 45 36 37 78 74 48 57 70 80 92
y 58 46 45 46 40 52 58 52 88 74 62 65 75 40 74

Problem-25 [NU 2nd year 2009, 2017 (Acc)] The following data represent the marks in Taxation in
Bangladesh (x) and Business Statistics (y) of 13 students. Prepare a Bi-Variate Frequency Table from the
following data:-
x 32 15 21 27 58 37 47 58 46 50 40 54 62

y 75 48 54 70 92 53 74 85 65 62 73 77 40

Problem-26 [NU 2007] The following data represent the marks in Business Mathematics (x) and Business
Statistics (y) of 15 students. Prepare a Bi-Variate Frequency Table from the following data:-
x 30 46 15 21 28 45 57 36 46 58 45 46 40 52 58
y 74 78 48 57 70 92 80 52 74 88 62 65 75 74 40

Problem-27 The following data represent the marks in Management Accounting (x) and Business Statistics
(y) of 14 students. Prepare a Bi-Variate Frequency Table from the following data:-
x 58 46 45 46 40 52 58 52 88 74 62 65 75 40

y 32 15 21 27 58 37 47 58 46 50 40 54 62 56
 Business Statistics 11

 Graph: Pie Chart

Problem-28 [NU 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016] Draw a pie chart for the following data:
Cost of materials 40,000; Cost of labour Tk 30,000; Direct Expense of manufacturer Tk 10,000;
Factory Overhead Tk 15,000; Misc. Expenses Tk 5,000.

Problem-29 Draw a pie chart for the following data: Cost of materials 80,000; Cost of labour Tk
50,000; Direct Expense Tk 20,000; Factory Overhead Tk 20,000; Other Expenses Tk 10,000.

Problem-30 Draw a pie chart for the following cost data: Raw Materials 50,000; Direct Wages
Tk 40,000; Factory Overhead Tk 20,000; Office Expenses Tk 30,000, Selling Expenses Tk
10,000.

Problem-31 [Gupta & Gupta (18e) p.72] Represent the following data of the distribution of
expenditure of a company by suitable diagram:
Raw materials 1689 Other Expense 286
Taxes 582 Depreciation 94
Manufacturing Expense 543 Dividends 75
Employees 470 Retained Income 51

Problem-32 Represent the following data of the distribution of expenditure of a company by

suitable diagram:
Raw materials 100,000 Other Expense 8,000
Taxes 10,000 Depreciation 10,000
Manufacturing Expense 20,000 Dividends 12,000

Problem-33 Represent the following data of the distribution of expenditure of a company by

suitable diagram:
Raw materials 50,000 Rent Expense 6,000
Wages Expense 5,000 Interest Expense 5,000
Manufacturing Expense 10,000 Supplies Expense 4,000
12 Chapter  01 : Introduction: Frequency Distribution & Graph

 Graph: Histogram, Ogive etc. 

Problem-34 Draw a histogram for the data given below:
Class interval 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
Frequency 5 20 30 25 15 10

Problem-35 Prepare a histogram for the data given below:

Class interval 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100 100-120
Frequency 10 40 50 30 20 10

Problem-36 [NU 2012 modified] The daily profits in Taka of 100 shops are distributed as follows.
Draw a histogram of the data.
Profits per shop 0-100 100-200 200-300 300-400 400-500 500-600
No. of shops 12 18 27 20 17 6

Problem-37 [Schaum’s Easy Outlines of Business Statistics, pp. 13-15 (modified)] Prepare a
histogram for the data given below:

Rental Rate 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79

No. of apartment 10 16 28 40 34 17 13

 hints: MÖvd AsK‡bi †ÿ‡Î MYmsL¨vv mviYx Inclusive †_‡K Exclusive Method -G cwieZ©b K‡i wb‡Z
nq| GRb¨ Real Class †ei K‡i wb‡Z n‡e [A_©vr (10 19) Gi cwie‡Z© (9.519.5) n‡e]

Problem-38 Prepare a histogram for the data given below:

Age 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39
No. of students 4 8 16 24 20 12 6

Problem-39 [Gupta & Gupta (18e) p.69] Draw a histogram representing the following figures:
Length of Service Less than 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35
(in years) 5
No. of employees 5 12 25 48 32 6 1
[ hints: ‘Less than 5’ †K (05) wjL‡Z n‡e]

Problem-40 [Gupta & Gupta (18e) p.67] Represent the following data by means of a Histogram:
Weekly Profits (in 110- 115- 120- 125- 130- 140- 160-
 Business Statistics 13

thousand Taka) 115 120 125 130 140 160 180

No. of shops 7 19 27 15 12 12 8
[ hints: †Kvb Frequency Distribution G Open end classes wKsev unequal class interval _vK‡j MÖvd AvKvi mgq
myweavRbKfv‡e adjust K‡i wb‡Z nq| G As‡K 130-140 †K 130-135 Ges 135-140 G †f‡½ wb‡Z n‡e Ges GKBfv‡e
c‡ii¸‡jvI mgš^q K‡i wb‡Z n‡e|]
Problem-41 [NU 2014] In a class test, marks obtained from 50 students are provided to you.
50 60 70 90 40 30 45 77 45 35
45 48 90 45 37 42 68 95 07 42
10 25 67 73 23 45 75 65 48 25
27 77 30 49 68 20 18 17 33 42
55 27 39 22 27 73 44 80 70 82
Required: (i) Prepare a Frequency Distribution Table; (ii) Draw a Histogram.

Problem-42 [Gupta & Gupta (18e) p.82] From the following frequency distribution, prepare the ‘less than’
and ‘more than’ cumulative frequency curve (ogive curve):
Class interval 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
Frequency 8 12 30 25 18 17

Problem-43 [NU 2nd year 2016 (MRK) modified] Draw an ogive from the following data.
Class interval 10  20 20  30 30  40 40  50 50  60
Frequency 15 28 40 27 15

Problem-44 Draw an ogive from the following data.

Class interval 0  10 10  20 20  30 30  40 40  50 50  60
Frequency 5 10 20 30 20 15

Problem-45 From the following frequency distribution, prepare the ‘less than’ and ‘more than’ cumulative
frequency curve (ogive curve):
Class interval 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100
Frequency 6 14 32 18 10

Problem-46 [NU 2015] Draw less than and more than ogives from the data given below:
Marks 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65 65-75
No. of Students 5 3 7 5 3 7

Problem-47 Draw less than and more than ogives from the data given below:
Marks 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65
No. of Students 10 5 12 13 6 4
14 Chapter  01 : Introduction: Frequency Distribution & Graph

Problem-48 [NU 2nd year 2016 (MRK) modified] Below given is the frequency distribution of weekly wages
of 100 workers in a factory:-
Weekly wages 120  125 125  130 130  135 135 140 140  145 145  150 150  155 155 160 160  165
(Tk)
No. of workers 3 5 12 23 31 10 8 5 3

Draw an ogive for the distribution.