Final Report - 2 Copies

“Planning for ‘Living in Group’ for Dual-Earner Couples”
Report
B.TECH. PROJECT
Submitted to Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli

In
Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Submitted by
Sonal J. Mohite Nikita M. Phadatare Sangram R. Pawar

(2014BCV002) (2014BCV029) (2015BCV201)
Ankita S. Hujare Pranav K. Borgaonkar Gaurav S. Kale

(2014BCV003) (2014BCV052) (2015BCV203)
Pradip S. Kshirsagar Sanobar S. Memon Amit S. Shirgaonkar

(2014BCV011) (2014BCV068) (2015BCV210)
Guided By
Dr. V.D. SALKAR

(Associate Professor and Head of Department)
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
WALCHAND COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SANGLI - 416 415

2017-2018
Planning for ‘Living in Group’ for Dual-Earner Couples
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We hereby take an opportunity to express our deep sense of gratitude to our Guide
Prof. V.D. Salkar for his valuable guidance and esteemed advice along with constant
encouragement during our project work, which enabled this project work to be successful.
We also express our sincere gratitude to Mr. H.P. Kulkarni for his thought-provoking
suggestions and eminent help.
Thanks, and appreciation to our friends for their keen advice & valuable co-
operation during completion of this project of our batch. And finally, we would like to
thank institution and faculty members.
Place: Sangli.
Date: 20/04/2018
Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 2

DECLARATION
We hereby declare that the project entitled, “Planning for ‘Living in Group’ for Dual-
Earner Couples” written by us has not been previously formed the basis for the award of
any degree certificate. We are responsible for all the contents of the report.
Place: WCE, Sangli

Date: 20/04/2018
Sonal J. Mohite Nikita M. Phadatare Sangram R. Pawar

(2014BCV002) (2014BCV029) (2015BCV201)
Ankita S. Hujare Pranav K. Borgaonkar Gaurav S. Kale

(2014BCV003) (2014BCV052) (2015BCV203)
Pradip S. Kshirsagar Sanobar S. Memon Amit S. Shirgaonkar

(2014BCV011) (2014BCV068) (2015BCV210)

CERTIFICATE

CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................. 2
DECLARATION ............................................................................................................... 3
CERTIFICATE .................................................................................................................. 4
CONTENT ......................................................................................................................... 5
ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................... 8
LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... 9
LIST OF CHARTS .......................................................................................................... 10
LIST OF SHEETS ........................................................................................................... 12
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... 12
1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF STUDY ..................................... 13
1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 13
1.2 Scope of Work ................................................................................................... 15
1.3 Objectives .......................................................................................................... 16
1.4 What is Work Life Balance? ............................................................................. 16
2 LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................................................... 18
2.1 Studies on Need Assessment of Dual Earner Couples: ..................................... 18
2.2 Studies on Planning for Society: ....................................................................... 19
2.3 Studies on Green and Smart Buildings: ............................................................ 19
3 VISIT REPORTS ..................................................................................................... 23
3.1 Purpose of Visit ................................................................................................. 23
3.2 Residential Societies ......................................................................................... 23
3.3 Kidzee Daycare ................................................................................................. 26
3.4 Greenergy English Medium School .................................................................. 26
4 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................... 30
4.1 Survey for Unmarried Students (Above age 18) ............................................... 31
4.1.1 Questionnaire ............................................................................................. 31
4.1.2 Results and Outcomes ................................................................................ 33
4.1.3 Suggestions by students ............................................................................. 36
4.2 Survey for Working Couples............................................................................. 37
4.2.1 Questionnaire ............................................................................................. 37
4.2.2 Results and Outcomes ................................................................................ 40

4.2.3 Suggestions by Working Couples .............................................................. 45

4.2.4 Suggestions by Professionals -................................................................... 46
5 PLANNING .............................................................................................................. 47
5.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 47
5.2 Plot Details ........................................................................................................ 47
5.3 Requirements ..................................................................................................... 47
5.4 Facilities Provided and Their Working ............................................................. 48
5.5 Layout Planning and Assumptions .................................................................... 55
5.6 Floor Planning ................................................................................................... 58
5.7 Development Control and Promotion Rules ..................................................... 60
5.7.1 Layout Planning ......................................................................................... 60
5.7.2 Building Planning ...................................................................................... 62
6 ORGANISATIONAL BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE ........................................... 67
6.1 Vision ................................................................................................................ 67
6.2 Mission .............................................................................................................. 67
6.3 Objectives .......................................................................................................... 67
6.4 Members and Their Duties ................................................................................ 68
6.5 Financial Management: ..................................................................................... 73
7 GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE APPROACH......................................................... 75
7.1 Green Techniques Adopted ............................................................................... 75
7.1.1 Sustainable Integrated Design Approach ................................................... 75
7.1.2 Facility Management ................................................................................. 75
7.1.3 Sustainable Water Practices ....................................................................... 81
7.1.4 Energy Conservation .................................................................................. 93
7.1.5 Waste Management .................................................................................... 98
7.1.6 Other Innovative Practices ....................................................................... 104
7.2 National Benefits ............................................................................................. 109
7.3 IGBC Rating System ....................................................................................... 109
7.3.1 Checklist .................................................................................................. 109
7.3.2 Benefits of Green Residential Societies Rating System .......................... 111
7.4 Green Building Recognition............................................................................ 112
8 Smart Building ........................................................................................................ 113
8.1 Need for Smart Building ................................................................................. 113
8.2 Major Aspects of Smart Building- .................................................................. 113
8.2.1 Smart Application .................................................................................... 113

8.2.2 Security .................................................................................................... 114

8.2.3 Life Safety and Surveillance .................................................................... 114
8.2.4 Fire Safety ................................................................................................ 115
8.2.5 Cabling ..................................................................................................... 115
8.2.6 Consolidated Communications ................................................................ 115
8.2.7 Electrical Demand Control ...................................................................... 115
8.2.8 Program Scheduling ................................................................................. 116
8.3 Advantages of Smart Building concept adopted in ‘Living in Group’ society-
116
8.4 Environmental Benefits of ‘Living in Group’ society- ................................... 116
9 SOCIO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY .................................................................... 117
9.1 Benefits of ‘Living in Group’ Society- ........................................................... 117
9.2 Intangible Benefits due to Provided Facilities- ............................................... 119
9.3 Benefits of Recreation Facility ........................................................................ 122
9.4 Intangible Benefits of Green Building- ........................................................... 122
10 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................... 124
10.1 Literature Review ............................................................................................ 124
10.2 Survey.............................................................................................................. 124
10.3 Planning ........................................................................................................... 124
10.4 Socio-Economic .............................................................................................. 125
10.5 Green and Smart Building ............................................................................... 125
11 REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 126
11.1 Papers .............................................................................................................. 126
11.2 Websites .......................................................................................................... 128
11.3 YouTube links ................................................................................................. 129
ANNEXURE A – Google Form for Working Couples ................................................. 130

ABBREVIATIONS
AAC Autoclaved Aerated Concrete

ATM Automated Teller Machine
BIS Bureau of Indian Standard
BREEAM BRE Environmental Assessment Method
CCTV Closed Circuit Television
CFC Chloro-Fluro Carbon
CFL Compact Fluorescent Lamp
DCPR Development Control and Promotion Regulation
ECCE Early Childcare and Education
EMS Environmental Management System
FSI Floor Space Index
FTW Family To Work
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GRIHA Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment
HVAC Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning
IGBC Indian Green Building Council
INR Indian Rupee
IT Information Technology
KLD Kilo Litre per Day
LCA Life Cycle Assessment
LED Light Emitting Diode
LEED Leadership in Environment and Energy Development
MW Mega Watt
NBC National Building Code
O&M Operation and Maintenance
OWC Organic Waste Composter
PV Photo Voltic
PVC Polyvinyl Chloride
RO Role Overload
SBR Sequencing Batch Reactor
STP Sewage treatment Plant
SWH Solar Water Heating
SWM Solar Waste Management
VOC Volatile Organic Compound
WC Water Closet
WFC Work Family Conflict
WTF Work to Family

LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. No. Name of Figure Page No.
3.1 Play area with large window 16
3.2 Temple at Bhakti Pooja Nagar 16
3.3 Community hall 17
3.4 STP plant 17
3.5 Kidzee Daycare 17
7.1 Green roof 66
7.2 Roof top rainwater harvesting through recharge pit 74
7.3 Water submetering 75

7.4 Schematic diagram of SBR 78
7.5 SBR process flowchart 79
7.6 Automatic water level controller for overhead tank 81
7.7 Standalone solar PV street lights 83
7.8 Centralized solar hot water system 84
7.9 Flowchart of WSM 87
7.10 Refuse chute 88
7.11 Opening 88
7.12 Composter 90
7.13 Benefits of AAC blocks 93
7.14 Credit distribution 94
8.1 Major aspects of smart building 101

LIST OF CHARTS
Chart
Name of Chart Page No.
No.
4.1 Responses received for managing office work as well as
22
household activities
4.2 Responses received for time consuming household activities 22
4.3 Responses received for impact of work on family relations 23
4.4 Responses received for facilities to be provided to manage work

23
and family
4.5 Responses received for facilities to be share in society 24
4.6 Responses received for conflict between families 24

4.7 Responses received for Living in Group society 25
4.8 Responses received for managing office work as well as
30
household activities
4.9 Responses received for time consuming household activities 30
4.10 Responses received for impact of work on family relations 31
4.11 Responses received for facilities to be provided to manage work

32
and family
4.12 Responses received for facilities to be share in society 32
4.13 Responses received for facilities remain unutilized 33

4.14 Responses received for Living in Group society 33

LIST OF TABLES
Table No. Name of table Page No.

5.1 Classification of flats according to number of family
35
members
5.2 Cost for different flats 35
5.3 Classification of children as per age group for Daycare
46
5.4 FSI calculation 50

6.1 Organizational structure of committee members of society
57
6.2 Cleaning staff management 50

7.1 Sewage treatment process selection considerations
77
7.2 Average cost per KLD for SBR technology 80

7.3 Requirements of hot water 84
7.4 Roof top area occupied by each wing 85
7.5 Number of chutes 89
7.6 Accumulation of biodegradable waste per day 91
7.7 IGBC credits earned by society 97
7.8 Levels of ratings 100
9.1 Area comparison between conventional flats and Living in
106
Group society flats
Sheet No. Name of Sheet

1 Floor plan of ‘A’ Wing Building
2 Floor plan of ‘B’ Wing Building
3 Floor plan of ‘C’ Wing Building
4 Layout- Alternative 1

LIST OF SHEETS
ABSTRACT
Modernization in India has led to growing number of nuclear families, working women
and high workload. Today, people especially dual earner couples are so busy managing
their work that they are left with no time for family members, household activities or to
celebrate the festivals. Managing personal and professional obligations creates stress
adversely affecting efficiency. To identify stress causing elements in their life and assess
their needs as well as to recognise the facilities required to plan ‘Living in Group’ society,
survey of more than 125 individuals from dual earner couples was conducted by means of
Google form. The survey findings support the innovative idea of ‘Living in Group’ society
which is co-living focused on using shared spaces and facilities to create more convenient
and fulfilling lifestyle maintaining work life balance of dual earner couples. To make the
planning of society deployable in real life, the buildings as well as the layout is in
accordance with the development control rules and regulations. The ‘Living in Group’
society proposed through the present study is a smart, sustainable and satisfying IGBC
platinum rating society highly conducive to one’s growth, where the required facilities are
provided, and everyone will live together sharing, helping each other like a big family to
reduce the workload affordably, celebrating the diverse culture together with spirit of
oneness.

1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF STUDY
1.1 Introduction
The needs of society have changed today, with transition from traditional society to
modern one; there is increase in women employment and nuclear family systems in India.
Also, there has been a tremendous growth of cities with migration from rural to urban
centres. This growth of cities during the last decade is not orderly and well planned but is
haphazardly. The civic facilities such as schools, medical centres, markets, gardens etc.
are far away from the residential area. It consumes lot of time and efforts to reach to the
facilities. The development of huge complexes, residential buildings etc. is not in
accordance with the byelaws. Thus, a well-planned society with all the required amenities
well within reach is a need. Also, there has been a remarkable rise in working women.
Today, women not only carry out household activities but also work hand in hand with
men. Both partners working help the family financially but at the same, couple faces
number of challenges in managing the household activities, looking after the children and
fulfilling family commitments. There are no other family members in a nuclear system to
help them with the household works. Furthermore, low-income single mothers or fathers
are facing increasing pressures to manage both work and home. In India, for many families
the issues of time management, long irregular working hours, lack of working time
flexibility and lack of child care facilities have been raised.
Employees today are more likely than ever to be concerned with how to balance their
work and family lives. Work-family conflict is unavoidable in modern life. Time related
stress and presence of children, increased expenditure in urban lifestyle cause
disagreements among dual earner couples and contribute to increasing number of divorce
cases in India. These problems of working couples, if left unaddressed will only increase
in coming years and achieving work-life balance will become biggest challenge. It is need
of the hour to find ways and means which will help increase the quality of life of working
couples.
To identify the problems acting as hindrances in achieving work life balance,

assess the needs of dual earner couples and to make out the facilities the couple would like
to have which will help reduce their stress and manage time efficiently to achieve work
life balance, survey of 127 individuals from dual earner couples was conducted. Thus, all

the required information for study and proper planning of ‘Living in Group’ society was
collected by means of a questionnaire consisting of self-explanatory introductory
paragraph on ‘Living in Group’ and 15 numbers of questions. A Google form was used to
circulate the questionnaire among the couples, and also to collect and store the data. The
responses were also collected from face to face surveys which were later filled on the
Google forms. Analysis of the responses made it clear that there is need to plan ‘Living in
Group’ society, as there was positive feedback for it from the working couples. Majority
of the couples found the work of sorting vegetables, cooking, washing etc. very tedious
and need help to manage the household chores as well as to look after children. The
suggestions and feedback received from survey were very useful in planning the society.
Also, to study prevailing trends as well as the merits and demerits existing residential
societies from Pune, Kolhapur and Sangli were visited.
‘Living in Group’ is an innovative idea to reform housing system to meet the

demands of dual-earner couples. It is modern urban lifestyle that values sharing and
collaboration. It is co-living focused on a genuine sense of community where everyone
will be sharing few of facilities and spaces like a cab system, a living room, guest room
etc. optimizing its use and thus economizing it. Also, all the required facilities like
laundry, day-care, mess, a mini mall, dispensary etc. will be at their disposal eliminating
major time-consuming activities. One can avail the benefits of a joint family like sharing
and division of labour in this society. It enables sustainable lifestyles through sharing and
efficient use of resources and space. Along with working couples it will give employment
for housewives working for the society as well as be an ideal society to live in for the
single parents and old couples too. Couples as well as Single parents with their families
can live together in this society, sharing various facilities and helping each other to make
their living convenient and comfortable.
Here are typical examples of how life would be in ‘Living in Group’ society.
• Father of a child has an important meeting and thus cannot take leave from office
and his spouse is also engaged with her office work, but the child has a holiday. In
such a situation this family can keep the child in the society's 'Day care centre'
itself and go to office without any worries. Even some unemployed mothers or
grandmothers of ‘Living in Group’ society only can take care of the children in
Day-care who will be paid for this service in return.

• Couple has got back home from days’ work’ all tired from the job and hungry. The
combined kitchen cum canteen of the society will provide them with tasty and
healthy homemade food which will eliminate the tedious and time-consuming job
of cooking and they can spend quality time with family and enjoy the dinner.
And there would be many more instances where this concept will be useful.
Increasing women employment, nuclear families and stress arising from work
family conflict are major factors that portray the need for ‘Living in Group’ society. Other
than this issues like security in urban areas due to isolated living and trend of admitting
old parents to old age homes as there is no one to take care and carry out their
responsibility will be resolved by ‘Living in Group’ society. Also, it will help eliminate
secluded behaviour of children and loneliness of old parents as there will be many other
of their age in the society itself. Also, a lot Spaces like Hall and Kitchen are rarely used
by these Dual Career couples because their work schedule do not permit them to do so.
Hence owning spacious apartment in urban areas is inefficient and costly affair due to
improper utilisation of spaces which become just a part of showpiece. Thus, sharing of
these spaces will reduce the rates of flat and optimize use of space.
To make ‘Living in Group’ eco-friendly, sustainable and smart techniques like

Solid waste management, Rain water harvesting, Green Roof, Solar water heaters, Smart
control system, Smart application etc. have been adopted. By adopting housing facility
under ‘Living in Group’ concept, majority problems of working couples can be addressed
appropriately.
1.2 Scope of Work
1. Dual earner couples and single parent
The ‘Living in Group’ is primarily planned to solve the issues of dual earner couples and
help them maintain work life in their busy and challenging schedule. Also, it will be very
useful to single parents as household work and children will be looked after in the society.
2. Income groups of residents
‘Living in Group’ caters to a large section of people ranging from low income who can
afford flats from 15 to high as 100 lakhs. Also, flats will be available on rental basis for
those who cannot afford to buy or have jobs which demand transfer and thus change the
cities in few years.

3. Indian metropolitan cities
Increasing population, number of working women and nuclear family system are
characteristics of metropolitan cities. The growing demand for accommodation on limited
land resource has increased the land rates by manifolds in cities. Thus, to make living in
cities affordable ‘Living in Group’ is best suited in metropolitan and other growing cities.
1.3 Objectives
1. To study prevailing scenario and identify the problems faced by dual earner
couples.
2. To review the literature on prevailing Indian scenario and needs of dual earner
couples as well as green and smart ways of living.
3. Collecting and analysing data through various surveys.
4. Need assessment of the dual earner couples
5. To visit prevailing modern societies, townships and facilities like Day care and
Green building.
6. To find the solution of the problems faced by working couples through Civil
Engineering Approach.
7. To plan and develop appropriately in accordance with the Development Control
and Promotion Regulations.
8. To develop organization structure for managing the ‘Living in Group’ society.
9. To make ‘Living in Group’ society energy efficient, green and cost-effective
society maintaining work life balance of couples.
10. To Compare ‘Living in Group’ society with conventional societies and flats with
respect to benefits
1.4 What is Work Life Balance?
1. Every individual has many roles to play: employee, boss, subordinate, spouse,
parent, child, sibling, friend, and community member. Each of these roles
imposes demands on us that require time, energy and commitment to fulfil.
2. Work-family or work-life conflict occurs when the cumulative demands of
these many work and non-work life roles are incompatible in some respect so
that participation in one role is made more difficult by participation in the other
role.

3. This report conceptualizes work-life conflict to include role overload (RO)

(having too much to do and too little time to do it in) as well as role interference
(when incompatible demands make it difficult, if not impossible, for
employees to perform all their roles well).
4. Role interference, in turn, can be divided into two factors: family to work
interference (FTW) and work to family interference (WTF). In the first case,
interference occurs when family-role responsibilities hinder performance at
work (i.e., a child’s illness prevents attendance at work; conflict at home makes
concentration at work difficult). In the second case, interference arises when
work demands make it harder for an employee to fulfil their family
responsibilities (i.e., long hours in paid work prevent attendance at a child’s
sporting event, preoccupation with the work role prevents an active enjoyment
of family life, work stresses spill over into the home environment and increases
conflict with the family).
5. In this sense, then, work-life conflict can be seen to have two major
components: the practical aspects associated with time crunches and
scheduling conflicts (i.e., an employee cannot be in two different places at the
same time), and the perceptual aspect of feeling overwhelmed, overloaded or
stressed by the pressures of multiple roles.
6. Work life balance is about people having a measure of control over when,
where and how they work. It is achieved when an individual's right to a fulfilled
life inside and outside paid work is accepted and respected as the norm, to the
mutual benefit of the individual, business and society.

2 LITERATURE REVIEW
Present study includes explanatory research on the concerned areas relating to the
need assessment of dual earner or career couple and the work life balance. It also includes
the study on planning aspect, green and smart building etc.
2.1 Studies on Need Assessment of Dual Earner Couples:
Doble N. & Supriya V. (2010) addresses work-life balance across genders. The work
life balance can be achieved by providing the facilities such as child care in work place.
The other factors like flexibility in work such as work from home, flexibility in time by
providing with shift and helpful working environment can help dual earner couples to
maintain work life balance. Such initiative will lead to increase the efficiency and
productivity of organization because working mothers will focus more on work than
children [1]. Many of the developing countries have policies to support work family by
providing care related leaves by providing flexibility in time and alternative work
arrangement so they can provide childcare support [2].
Panda U. (2011) explores issues pertaining to role conflicts between the dual-couples
related to childcare, domestic work and profession work. In dual career families the
traditional gender roles such as childcare, housekeeping and kitchen works of women have
been significantly changing due to inadequacy of time [3]. Maini J., Sharma S., & Sidana
S. (2016) explained the challenges faced by working women in an organization have an
impact on their life beyond work too. The some of the common factors such as job timing,
work load, spouse and less supportive family which leads to increase in stress level and
imbalance in work-family. This imbalance in work and family life creates conflict at
workplace and home. It is found that due to imbalance in work family adversely affects
organizational obligation, productivity and stress related problems [4].
The influence of Work-Family Conflict (WFC) and Work Stress (WS) perceived
from married working women mainly from educational institutions, hospitals and
Information Technology (IT) industry in public and private sectors. Authors find out the
Correlation co-efficient to know the relationship between Work-Family Conflict and
Work Stress. This coefficient clearly indicates that work family conflict is directly
proportional to each other. It is found that women with high job position in professional
face more work-family conflict and work stress [5].

Tiwari A. (2016) highlights the need of dual earner couple and challenging
problems. Most of the studies focus on the cost for childcare [6]. The high cost for
childcare negatively effect on low earning women while it is not a problem for high
earning women [7]. With cost another important parameter is the quality of utility service
of childcare facility. The low quality of childcare facility which makes parent to more
concerned about their child result to less productive while at workplace [8].
However, no studies emphasizing solutions for effective management of domestic

tasks through mutual support by ‘Living in Group’ are available for citation.
2.2 Studies on Planning for Society:
The different rules and regulations are provided for planning and development of
new or existing infrastructure to stop the haphazard growth of building. The Development
control and promotion regulations (DCPR) provision is done for the planning of various
building construction based on land use classification and its permissible use. It gives
necessity guideline regarding the general building requirement such as setback, marginal
distance etc. It provides general ideas such as special provision should be done for
installation of solar assisted water heating system, roof top photovoltaic system, rain water
harvesting, solid waste management etc. depending upon area [9].
Resourceful design approaches, strategies and policies employed in the planning

of sustainable communities and the redevelopment of existing areas, will ultimately lead
to well managed and protected, healthier, safer, greener, economic sustainable and
liveable ‘Living in Group’ society. Varied use of activities and facilities such as
employment centres, residential neighbourhoods, natural areas, parks and public places
can lead to a physical connection to create authentic neighbourhoods. Sustainable
communities tend to have lower transportation costs, less traffic, are more economic in
terms of housing and market demands, decreasing costs in terms of infrastructure, reduced
air pollution and the ability to create a safer environment. Public participation therefore
plays an essential role in determining the basic needs of the community and must be
included as a fundamental building block in the planning process [10].
2.3 Studies on Green and Smart Buildings:
Green building is one of measure been put forward to mitigate significant impacts
of the building on the environment, society and economy. A number of assessment tools

have been developed to assist the green building developments. The leading green
building assessment tools include: Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
(LEED, United States), BRE Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM, United
Kingdom). In the construction context, social sustainability mainly covers the quality of
living, occupational health, safety and future professional development opportunities.
Utilization of renewable energy technological innovations has been pivotal for achieving
green building objectives and accreditation [11]. India is witnessing tremendous growth
in infrastructure and construction development. As the sector is growing rapidly,
preserving the environment poses a host of challenges. The Council encourages, builders,
developers, owners, architects and consultants to design & construct green buildings,
thereby enhancing the economic and environmental performance of buildings. The
Council’s activities have enabled a market transformation with regard to green building
materials and technologies. IGBC continuously works to provide tools that facilitate the
adoption of green building practices in India [12].
The behavioural and cultural factors are also crucial for green building
developments [13]. One of key elements of sustainable building design is to reduce the
consumption of resources and to improve the resource utilization efficiency [14, 15]. One
of common approaches is to reduce, recycle and reuse or construction and demolition
waste [16, 17]. One of the challenge faces by construction practitioners during early
project stages is that of selecting appropriate construction method. Prefabrication is one
such method in which the structural member is manufactured in factory (i.e. in controlled
environment) with required quality, easily mix, and cure till achieved good quantity with
desired strength. There are various benefits of prefabrication technology such as shortened
construction time, improved quality, enhance durability, better architectural appearance,
enhance occupational health and safety, material conservation, less construction site
waste, less environmental emission, reduction of energy and water consumption. These
advantages provide opportunities for prefabrication to better serve sustainable building
projects [18].The growth of Indian construction is going to become a fast to fulfil the need
of future generation, time effective and achieving advance technique. Time of any
construction is directly varied with cost of construction [19].
It is worth noting that all leading green building assessment tools are designed
according to local climatic and geographic conditions. The bench- marking study needs to
take this into consideration when comparing the effectiveness of these green building

rating tools. The extensive literature review shows that most of green building studies
focus on environmental aspects of sustainability such as energy consumption, water
efficiency and greenhouse gas emission together with the technical solutions. It points out
to the benefits of green construction as well as the incentives from govt. and municipal
bodies for GRIHA certified green building [20].
At company level, the implementation of environmental management system

(EMS) help to save 90% of energy consumption, reduce 63% of C&D waste; reduce 70%
of water consumption, lower 20% of accident rate and 80% of quality complaints [21]. In
addition, the cost predictability is enhanced which in turn eases the cost management
pressure. The commitments from top management are essential for the planning of green
building developments. Such attitude and behaviour of end users play a critical role in
promoting green buildings. Therefore, some education or even government campaign
could be an effective approach to raise residents' awareness of sustainability issues and
willingness to pay for green building features [22]. Their extensive modelling exercises
showed that even conventional energy efficiency measures help to reduce at least 20% of
energy consumption and16% of carbon emissions. This saving can then be translated in
to cost savings which could be even more significant due to the rocket high electricity
price. Similarly, life cycle assessment (LCA) has been used to provide inputs for green
material/product labelling system and consequently helps to optimize the building design
[23].
A smart building is one that provides a productive and cost-effective environment

through optimization of its four basic elements - structure, systems, services and
management - and the interrelationships between them. It helps business owners, property
managers and occupants to realize their goals in the areas of cost, comfort, convenience,
safety, long-term flexibility and marketability. Energy-effective systems balance a
building's electric light, daylight and mechanical systems for maximum benefit. Some of
the advantages of smart building such as intelligent building has following advantages:
Higher level of security and safety, simplified operation for users and administrators,
reduced administration costs etc. Intelligent buildings are designed for long-term
sustainability and minimal environmental impact through the selection of recycled and
recyclable materials, construction, maintenance and operations procedures [24]. The study
shows that smart building concept requires higher initial cost but produces lower

operational and maintenance costs. Furthermore, it also confirms that benefit-cost ratio on
the smart building was much higher than a conventional building [25].
One of the important factors is disposal of solid waste. Organic or inorganic waste
materials produced out of household or commercial activities, that have lost their value in
the eyes of the first owner, but which may be of great value to somebody else. (Robinson,
W.D.1986). Almost all the components of solid waste have some potential if it is
converted or treated in a scientific manner. The quantum of waste generated in Indian
towns and cities is increasing day-by-day on account of its increasing population and
increased GDP. Wastes need to be increasingly sorted at the source, to separate materials
that can be recycled and to reduce the amount of wastes requiring collection and disposal.
Public participation is necessary for a proper waste management system. Changes in the
habits of segregation, littering, can change the approach towards wastes. This means
consuming fewer resources, reusing whatever we can and finally recycling what cannot
be reused. This process greatly reduces the garbage [26].
One of the most crucial aspects of a building's safety is firefighting. An important

precondition is that its fire safety facilities enable independent and adequate fire response
performances by the building's occupants. Consequently, understanding how individuals
behave in the case of fire and fire evacuation is essential if we are to bring fire safety
measures into line with occupants needs during an incident. [27]. This part of the Code
deals with safety from fire. The Code recognizes that safety of life is more than a matter
of means of exits and accordingly deals with various matters which are considered
essential to the safety of life. The requirements of this Code should, therefore, be taken as
a guide and an engineering design approach should be adopted for ensuring a fire safe
design for buildings. It would also be necessary for this purpose to associate qualified and
trained fire protection engineers with the planning of buildings, so that adequate fire
protection measures could be incorporated in the building design right from the beginning
[28].

3 VISIT REPORTS
Site visits provide great way to observe the operations of a society/ building as well as
learn about their functioning. It develops greater understanding of management they
adopt. More of it gives valuable insight into different group living societies/ buildings.
The main reason behind visiting was to know the deviations while planning. It was an
opportunity to learn about their strategies, new innovations they have adopted. The
different cities chosen were Kolhapur, Sangli and Pune as they were well familiar and
easily accessible. Effective grouping was done in different societies, how society was
maintained daily by having a proper organisation was known. With the different city,
different society the experience was different. Every society in the city had its own
advantages and lacunae. As per the city there was difference in living standard of people
which ultimately shown the difference in their choices about amenities to have. So, it was
helpful as ‘Living in Group’ society consists of people of different classes. It was
necessary to bring the needs of people who differ in thinking and have different class in
one society to make them think one, and live in harmony together, caring and sharing for
each. Visits helped us understand, which amenities to be provided with proper grouping
along with recognition of organization. The following report shows the overall review of
the visit done in different cities and the detailed study about different societies visited.
3.1 Purpose of Visit
1. To understand the integrated management, environment and social life at

traditional societies.
2. To know the various aspects of green building.
3. To study arrangement, need for natural light and ventilation in the school.
4. To know the planning and functioning of day- care.
Highlights of Visits -
3.2 Residential Societies
Name of Society - Eiffel City, Chakan Chowk, Chakan, Maharashtra.

Date of visit – 05/03/2018
Eiffel City is one of the biggest society which is a newly emerging town, Chakan. It is a
dwelling of more than 500 families. This society has spacious parking spaces, well-built
internal roads, basic amenities and sufficient recreational space. Security of the residents

is given prime importance by providing security booth at entrance and residents have
individual security cards to avoid entry of outsiders. Recreational spaces include garden,
children play area, open air theatre, basketball court and temple. Spacious common gym
is provided but was left unused. Similarly, provision of small club house which remained
unutilised. Grocery store or mini market in the neighbourhood of the society was absent.
In all, it was one of the ideal affordable societies if some of its drawbacks are ignored.
Name of society - Amanora park township, Hadapsar.

Date of visit- 25/02/2018
Reputed educational institutions, up-to-date healthcare facilities, myriad shopping
avenues, entertainment malls, gardens and get-together hubs, and much more, come
together to create a holistic and fulfilled lifestyle. To be in sync with the developing
standards of living, Amanora comes with thoughtful provisions for many upscale facilities
and convenience to residents while still being environment friendly. Amanora has been
built with a vision to serve as a benchmark for comfortable yet affordable living. There is
also separate high security to access the all facilities inside township with smart card. For
fire safety purpose, one fire station with two fire extinguisher vehicles is at the centre of
residential area. There is ecologically designed waste water management, rain water
harvesting and recycling of solid waste management within township itself.
Name of society- Elixa park, Waterfront and Bhakti Pooja Nagar Kolhapur
Elixa Park city visited was specially designed for premium class of society. The best part
was grouping with commercial complex facing the road and the residential building wings
A, B, C wings were in C shape behind and the high-class D wing was a separate one
behind this three. A parking area for 500 cars was provided at 3 floors below the ground
level. Ground as well as first floor of A, B, C Wings were completely dedicated for
common amenities and there was connectivity till the first floor only between the three
buildings. Common amenities of the society include swimming pool, gym, open to sky
children playground, open to sky gardens, spa, home theatre with a capacity of 60 people,
convenient shopping facility, billiards table, table tennis and a multi-purpose hall with
capacity of 315 people.

Waterfront was a residential/commercial type of building with the road side front
of building used for commercial shops and an open to sky garden on 4th floor. Bhakti Pooja
Nagar is a Jain society constructed 16 years ago. Amenities included were 4 small gardens,
gym, swimming pool, and children play area with swings, slides etc. and two big temples.
Name of Society: Ayodhya Park, Kolhapur

Ayodhya Park is a society located in Tarabai park, Kolhapur. It is a society with 171 flats
and 28 row bungalows. There are 8 wings from A to H. There is a lift surrounded by
staircase along with emergency exit for each wing. The building consists of 2 and 3 BHK
flats with extra provision of store room and pooja room. There are some extra facilities
provided in the society like Gym, park and swimming pool. The Gym is common for
ladies and gents and one trainer is there. The Gym is open whole day. There are different
timings of swimming for ladies and gents. There is municipal connection to society for
water supply along with 3 bore wells. A park is provided for children. The maintenance
for each facility is compulsory. There is pool/ bridge on alternate floors connecting two
wings which is useful during off light hours, such as if there is no light in A Wing a person
in the corresponding building can use the lift of B Wing and through the pool can come to
destination which adds up to its pick point. There are many drawbacks like absence of
community hall, fire extinguishers.
Name of society - Vrindavan villas, Vishrambag, Sangli.
The main reason behind the site visit was to understand different aspects such as planning
of society, financial management, organisational breakdown structure and social issues.
The chairman gave information regarding various facilities provided in society and some
basic problems faced by society members. During the visit it was observed that facilities
like Community hall, Filtration plant, Sewage system, Park, Playground for children,
Temple, etc. were provided. The society had its own water treatment plant. There were
some lacunae such as less space and less facility provided for recreational activities like
gym, yoga, parks, jogging track, inappropriate fire safety provisions etc.
The society had its own financial management system which is describe as follows:

For the maintenance of all the provided facilities, a fixed charge was taken from the owner
of flat or house at the beginning of purchase and the society had its own account in a bank
which was managed by committee. The accumulated interest on this amount was used to
pay salaries of maintenance worker and other requirements of the society. Besides this,
annual maintenance charge was taken from each family of society to pay water charges
and electricity charges of street light.
From this visit it is found that such kind of financial management system can be
implemented in ‘Living in Group’ society. Also, health care system can be effective to
manage each resident medical record.
3.3 Kidzee Daycare
Visited place- Kidzee daycare, Sangli
Date of visit - 22/02/2018
Kidzee is a school where kids of varying ages are taken care off. They promote health,
safety and development of kids in its care. There was well organized program for
development and growth of kids. They circulate the diet chart and upcoming event chart
to parents. According to diet chart, kids have to bring their tiffin. There were personal
attention and less exposure to illness. If there is any emergency about health of kid, then
they call to family doctor of that kid which is written in the admission form by their
parents. There is provision of activity room which help every kid to get valuable
socialization with other kids of same age. In that day care, space for play area is quite less
so all kids are unable to play joyfully. There is not enough care taker for kids hence they
unable to give proper attention on every kid.
3.4 Greenergy English Medium School
Rajput English Medium Greenergy School, Sangli
Date of visit -04/04/2018
• The planning and design of the school was made to avail the benefits of natural
light and ventilation as shown in fig.3.1. The capturing feature was no single light
was used during day time as white paint was given to all classrooms which was
good reflector of light.

• Sewage treatment plant- There is provision of STP in the premises to treat the raw
water that is generated from school. It has capacity of 10,000 lit per day. It is still
under process and currently not working.
• Compost plant – Compost plant is having capacity of 1 ton per kg producing
fertilizer in minimum 30 days and maximum time taken can be 45 days to 2
months. It costs about 10 lacks and annually about 15 to 70 thousand are required
to run the plant. The plant is not working currently testing is going on with raw
materials on working of plant. The compost will be brought from outside too and
fertilizer will be sold outside.
• Rain water harvesting plant- Rain water harvesting plant is being planned here.
The water will be used for ground water recharge and gardening
Fig. 3.1: Play area with large windows at Greenergy School, Sangli.
Fig. 3.2: Temple at Bhakti Pooja Nagar, Kolhapur.

Fig. 3.3: Community hall at Vrindavan society, Sangli.
Fig. 3.4: Sewage treatment plant at Greenergy School, Sangli.
Fig. 3.5: At Kidzee Day-Care, Sangli

Conclusion –
Some of the aspects of green building were identified from the visit. It was clear from the
visit that the green building not only includes idea of green materials rather consists of use
of building planning and orientation. Also, it gave an idea of how to reduce use of
electricity.
Based on the observation made during visits, attractive features to be incorporated were
decided, which are as follows -
1. Amanora Society -
Fire safety, visitors parking and layout were noticeable features during visit.
2. Vrindavan -
• Management used for maintenance is considerable. A sum of Rs.60, 000 is deposited
in the beginning by every resident in bank. A principle amount adds up which is used
for maintenance.
• Software development like health card to manage medical record.
3. Bhakti pooja Nagar –

The glorious temple was worth noticing which was the symbol of tradition.
4. Elixa park -
Grouping and separation of commercial and residential building was done effectively.

4 METHODOLOGY
Now-a-days women are no longer only housewife, but they are working with men
hand in hand to fulfil needs of family. This gives rise to their self-esteem, increase their
status in society, personal growth, gender equality, increase family income leading to
better living standard etc. The life of working couple is never been simple. The effect of
this includes high level of stress, unable to manage time etc. They further face difficulties
in managing dual roles (housewife and working women) and possibly reduced career
progress and performance for both partners. All these aspects can be discussed with
respect to root cause of stress i.e. Problems faced by them in managing things and
providing solution over them.
Problems faced by dual earner couples were discussed in group which was affecting
their relationships causing stress. So better solutions were found for the problems faced
by Dual Earner couples i.e. ‘Living in Group’ society and also helping them to co-ordinate
or maintain their work- life and reduced stress levels. The main difference between other
societies and ‘Living in Group’ society will be sharing many facilities together in families
that will help to teach them manners and morals which is lacking in modern world. There
may be conflicts between residents which can be prevented by rules, regulations and
mutual understanding.
On the basis of discussion, a list of questions was prepared to conduct a survey. In

the first phase of project the survey was conducted on working couples and unmarried
students above age 18 to understand the actual problems faced by working couples. The
motive of taking the students responses as a sample was to make them understand the
concept and get the innovative solution on the problems faced by working couples. Two
separate forms were prepared for working couples and students. The working couples
were asked to answer the question based on their daily experience, while the students were
asked to imagine the future scenario, i.e. when they will get married, and answer the
questions. In second phase of project some questions from working couples form was
modified.
The survey was conducted in different cities including Kolhapur, Sangli and Pune
with considerable number of responses from each. Face to face interactions also carried
out to have informal discussions and the couple shared experiences and information apart

from the questions in survey. On the other hand, general review on Quora app was also
taken. This helped to have the real-life scenario and gather information beyond the survey
questions which assured that the ‘Living in Group’ concept will definitely help them
reduce their problems. Thus, face to face interaction with couples were more effective to
know, what various time-consuming activities are and which facilities they would like to
share in ‘Living in Group’ society. The Google forms were prepared and responses from
both working couples and students were recorded online and analysed.
4.1 Survey for Unmarried Students (Above age 18)
Only in first phase of project following questionnaire was circulated and 160
responses were received. The questionnaire for the students and their responses are as
follows.
4.1.1 Questionnaire
Q.1) Name & Age
Q.2) College and Academic Year
Q.3) Isn’t managing your office work as well as household activities a tedious job?
a) Yes, it is. b) No
Q.4) What are the most time-consuming household activities which are difficult to
manage?
a) Cooking
b) Household Cleaning Activities
c) Washing clothes and utensils
d) Looking after Children
e) Commuting (Travel to work place)
f) Errands (Vegetable or Grocery buying)
g) Any other (Mention them below)
Q.5) What impact your work has on family relations? (Multiple Answers)
a) Quarrel between husband and wife

b) Less time for children and grandparents

c) Unable to attend guests

d) Misunderstandings in family members
e) Any other (Mention them below)
Q.6) What facilities when provided you will be able to manage work and family
comfortably? (Multiple Answers)
a) Day-care
b) Old age home
c) Dispensary and Medical Store
d) Function hall
e) Laundry
f) Gym
g) Any other (Mention them below)
Q.7) Will this society lead to conflict between the families?

a) Yes
b) No
c) Maybe
Q.8) Which things would you like to share in your society? (Multiple Answers)
a) Living room
b) Kitchen
c) Locker room
d) Car (cab) system
e) Guest room
f) Study room
g) Any Other (Mention below)
Q.9) Would you like to live in our “Group Living” society?

a) Yes
b) No
c) Maybe
Q.10) Do you have any more ideas or suggestions for this group living society?

4.1.2 Results and Outcomes
Chart 4.1 - Responses received for managing office work as well as household activities
Can’t
say
Near about 58.8 % people answered that it was tedious job to manage office work
as well as household activities and 23.1% said no.
Chart 4.2 - Responses received for time consuming household activities
Most people think that household cleaning activities (49.4%), washing clothes (49.4%),

cooking (47.5%), looking after children (33.8%), commuting (33.1%), errands (20.6%)
etc. were most time-consuming activities.
Chart 4.3 - Responses received for impact of work on family relations
50% people think that misunderstanding was caused due to their work in family
relations. Other major impacts were quarrel between husband and wife (28.1%), less time
for children (49.4%), unable to attend guest (33.1%) etc.
Chart 4.4 - Responses received for facilities to be provided to manage work and family

Day-care (51.2%), old age home (20.6%), dispensary and medical store (38.1%),
function hall (28.1%), laundry (45.6%), gym (38.1%) etc. were the most opted facilities
by the people in society.
Chart 4.5 - Responses received for facilities to be share in society
People were ready to share utilities such as living room (23.8%), kitchen (26.3%),
Locker room (14.4%), car (cab) system (48.8%), guest room (48.8%), and study room
(48.1%) etc.
Chart 4.6 - Responses received for conflicts between families
160 responses

55.5% said there may be conflict between the families, 27.7% said no and 16.8% said yes.
Chart 4.7 - Responses received for ‘Living in Group’ society.
Most people (66.9%) said they would like to live in such society and some (25%)
were unable to decide.
Outcomes
From above survey it is found that managing household activities and office work
is a tedious job (76.9%), household cleaning (49.4%), washing clothes (49.4%) and
cooking (47.5%) are the most time-consuming activities. Due to excessive workload there
will be misunderstanding between family members (50%) and less time for children and
grandparents (49.4%). If day care (51.2%), dispensary and medical (45.6%), gym (38.1%)
and function hall (38.1%) are provided then they will be able to manage work and family
comfortably. Many people are ready to share guest room (49.4%), car (cab) system
(48.8%) and study room (48.1%). Most of the people said that there may be chances of
conflict in families (55.5%) due to sharing of some facilities. Most of the people (66.9%)
are willing to live in ‘Living in Group’ society.
4.1.3 Suggestions by students

● Society should be affordable for a working couple.

● Need of financial management for the facilities provided which is the main cause
of conflicts.
● Smart electricity and water supply consumption should be included within it
(Recharge System).
● Security in such societies should be of prime importance; hence security provisions
should be advanced and better.
● There should be a proper authority to solve the issues between two families.
● Provide parks and playgrounds for children which is lacking now a day.
● Focus mainly on senior citizen and Children.
● It is difficult to execute this group living idea in our society, but it can be worked
out if people sharing same culture or profession to live together.
● A special provision of getting together and having some interesting, stress
relieving activities on weekends for working women should be there in the society.
● Adequate privacy should be maintained while sharing common utilities.
● Use IOT based Systems for monitoring.
4.2 Survey for Working Couples
Following questions are prepared for working couples, so as to get their feedback
on ‘Living in Group’ society concept. As per the responses to the questions, it will be easy
to give the preferences for facilities which will be provided in society. During the first
phase of project 76 responses were received and in the second phase 51 responses were
received.
4.2.1 Questionnaire
Q.1) Email address
Q.2) Name
Q.3) Gender
a) Mail
b) Female
Q.4) Age

Q.5) Occupation
Q.6) Work hours per day
a) Below 6 hours
b) 6 to 8 hours
c) 8 to 10 hours
d) Above 10 hours
Q.7) Is your work limited to office only?
a) Yes
b) No
Q.8) Income per annum
a) Below 3 lakhs
b) 3 lakhs to 6 lakhs
c) 6 lakhs to 10 lakhs
d) Above 10 lakhs
Q.9) Type of family
a) Joint family
b) Nuclear family
Q.10) Total no of family members
Q.11) Children age group
a) Below 7 years
b) 7 to 14 years
c) Above 14 years
Q.12) Isn’t managing your office work and household activities a tedious job?
a) Yes, it is
b) No

Q.13) What are the most time-consuming household activities which are difficult to
manage? (Multiple answers)
a) Cooking
b) Household cleaning activities
c) Washing clothes and utensils
d) Looking after children
e) Commuting travel to workplace
f) Errands vegetable or grocery buying
g) Any other mention them below
h) Other
Q.14) What impact your work has on family and vice versa? (Multiple answers)
a) Quarrel between husband and wife

b) Unable to reach at workplace one time
c) Unable to attend guests
d) Misunderstanding in family members
e) Less time for children and grandparents
f) Reduced work efficiency
g) Leaving a post or position for family concern
h) Other
Q.15) Which facilities when provided will make your life more comfortable and suited?
(Multiple answers)
a) Day-care
b) Old age home
c) Dispensary and Medical Store
d) Laundry
e) Gym and yoga
f) Entertainment Mini theatre
g) Mini Bazar
h) Any other mentioned below
i) Other

Q.16) Which things would you like to share in your society? (Multiple answers)
a) Living room
b) Kitchen
c) Car cab system
d) Study or computer room
e) Guest room
f) Any other mentioned below
g) Other
Q.17) Which facilities remain unutilized most of the times? (Multiple answers)
a) Living room
b) Kitchen
c) Guest room
d) Store room
e) Gym
f) Cars
g) Any other mentioned below
h) Other
Q.18) Would you like to live in our ‘Group Living’ society?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Maybe
Q.19) If yes then how would you prefer living?
a) Own it
b) Rent it
Q.20) Do you have any ideas or suggestion for this group living society?
4.2.2 Results and Outcomes

Chart 4.8 - Responses received for managing office work as well as household activities)
Isn't managing your office work as well as household

activities a tedious job?
25%
75%
Yes No
About 75% people said that managing office works as well as household activities
were a tedious job and 25% said no.
Chart 4.9 - Responses received for time consuming household activities
What are the most time-consuming household

activities which are difficult to manage? (Multiple
answers)
Any other 6.30

Errands (Vegetable or Grocery buying) 29.13
Commuting (Travel to work place) 29.13
Looking after Children 40.16
Washing clothes and utensils 29.92
Household Cleaning Activities 55.12
Cooking 44.09
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00

%
Household cleaning (55.12%), cooking (44.09%), looking after Children

(40.16%), washing clothes and utensils (29.92%), commuting (travel to work place)

(29.13%), errands (vegetable or grocery buying) (29.13%) etc. were the most time-
consuming activities.
Chart 4.10 - Responses received for impact of work on family relations and vice versa
What impact your work has on family and vice-

versa?(Multiple answers)
Any other 16.54
Leaving a post or position for family concern 7.84
Reduced work efficiency 25.49
Misunderstandings in family members 22.05
Unable to attend guests 45.67
Less time for children and grandparents 48.03
Unable to reach at workplace on time 25.49
Quarrel between husband and wife 13.39
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00

%
Most people said that impact of work on family was less time for children and
grandparents (48.03%), unable to attend guests (45.67%), unable to reach at workplace on
time (25.49%), reduced work efficiency (25.49%), misunderstandings in family members
(22.05%), quarrel between husband and wife (13.39%), leaving a post or position for
family concern (7.84%) etc.

Chart 4.11 - Responses received for facilities to be provided to manage work and family
Which facilities when provided will make your life

more comfortable and suited? (Multiple answers)
Any other 16.54
Mini bazaar 41.18
Entertainment (Mini theatre) 29.41
Gym & Yoga 43.31
Function hall 28.95
Laundry 34.65
Dispensary and Medical Store 31.50
Old age home 15.75
Daycare 34.65
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00
%
The facilities like gym & yoga (43.31%), mini bazaar (41.18%), day-care (34.65),
laundry (34.65%), dispensary and medical Store (34.5%), entertainment (mini theatre)
(29.41%), function hall (28.95%), old age home (15.75%) etc., if provided then people
said that it would make their life more comfortable and suited.
Chart 4.12 - Responses received for facilities to be share in society
Which things would you like to share in your society?

(Multiple answers)
Any Other 7.09
Study room or Computer room 34.65
Car (cab) system 50.39
Guest room 36.22
Locker room 13.39
Kitchen 26.77
Living room 31.50
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00

%

People said that they would like to share car (cab) system (50.39%), guest room (36.22%),
study room or computer room (34.65%), living room (31.5%), kitchen (26.77%), locker
room (13.39%) etc.
Chart 4.13 - Responses received for facilities remain unutilised mostly
Which facilities remain unutilized most of the times?

(Multiple answers)
Any other 1.96
Cars 29.41
Gym 37.25
Storeroom 23.53
Guestroom 29.41
kitchen 9.80
Living room 19.61
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00

%
People opined that the facilities remain unutilized most of the time were gym
(37.25%), cars (29.41%), guestroom (29.41%), storeroom (23.53%), living room
(19.61%), kitchen (9.8%) etc.
Chart 4.14 - Responses received for ‘Living in Group’ society
Would you like to live in our “Group Living” society?
21%
9%
70%
Yes No Maybe

Nearly 70 % people said that they would like to live in group living society and
21% were unable to decide.
From above survey it is found that it is difficult to manage office work as well as
household activities (75%). Household Cleaning (55.12%), cooking (44.09%), looking
after children (40.16%) are the most time-consuming household activities. The impact of
work on family and vice versa is less time for children and grandparents (48.03%), unable
to attend guests (45.67%). The facilities which make the life of working couple more
comfortable and suited are gym & yoga (43.31%), mini bazaar (41.18%), day-care
(34.65), laundry (34.65%). The things which can be shared in society are car (cab) system
(50.39%), guest room (36.22%), study room or computer room (34.65%). The facilities
remain unutilized most of the time are gym (37.25%), cars (29.41%), guestroom (29.41%).
About 70% people would like to live in our ‘Living in Group’ society.
4.2.3 Suggestions by Working Couples
● Make it as if living in a hotel but comfort of home.

● All things like food, washing, cleaning, paying of the bills should be taken care
of by someone in the society and take deposit for it. Home delivery should be
provided.
● Separate houses for maids who will work only for society. They should look after
the needs of society 24/7 and also do work like taking small children, old people
to hospitals.
● Teach various courses to housewives like fashion designing, cooking courses etc.
● Parents whose children are abroad do something for them too like keep a caretaker
for them.
● Security, maintenance facility should be provided
● Privacy should not get disturbed
● Thought should be given to economics feasibility, if the project is to be practically
implemented
● Health card for children, mobile kitchen for working couples.

4.2.4 Suggestions by Professionals -
Pravin Pise (Structural Engineer)
According to him, the concept of co-living is good as it is todays requirement. Some

changes plan of apartments was suggested and pointed out issues of privacy for high
income group residents as these people do not wish to have any common unit in sharing.
Pravin Prabhakar Mali (Architect)
He liked the concept of co-living but suggested some changes in plan such as proper
orientation of windows and door for green building concept instead of using specific green
materials. He pointed out wastage of space in non-usable area like common passages and
correction were made afterword as per his suggestions.

5 PLANNING
5.1 Introduction
‘Living in Group’ society is flourished with new concept and ideas wherein sharing the
spaces like living room is of prime importance to make the housing in metropolitan areas
economical. This idea looks pretty fancy on paper but to enforce this idea of co-living
amongst the people living in traditional society, proper planning a ‘Living in Group’
society was important. Grouping of rooms, achieving economy through sharing and at the
same maintaining privacy was a major challenge. “Plan from Whole to Part” was our moto
and it helped us in effective planning of society.
5.2 Plot Details
• Plot Location - Hinjewadi, Pune, Maharashtra.

• Plot No - 52
• Survey No - 1121/3
• Plot Type - Corner Rectangular Plot
• Proposed Built-up area - 46440 sqm
• FSI Consumed - 2.05
5.3 Requirements
Survey conducted from unmarried students as well as working couples, made it easy to
understand the lacunae of the existing traditional societies and the facilities which the
residents are in need of to reduce the work load and help them manage work-life balance.
Provision of day care in a society is of utmost importance to provide safety, security and
education to the resident’s children when they are at their workplaces. Similarly, Car -
Cab system was also considered necessary for the people to commute to their workplaces
as well as arrange their private tours. Furthermore, Mega Kitchen for the residents will
ensure home-made healthy food ready to serve without any efforts. Recreational spaces
like garden, jogging track and temple is the need of an hour. Along with these, facilities
like laundry, gym, swimming pool, medical facility, grocery shop, ATM, multi-purpose
hall etc. are also vital.

5.4 Facilities Provided and Their Working
1. Laundry
In dual earner couples the scenario today is that people are so busy
managing their work that they don’t have time for family members and household
activities. Most of dual earner couples find washing clothes a time-consuming
housing activity. So, there is a need to provide facility like laundry in housing
society which addresses one of the major problem of working couples. Also due
to this laundry facility, dual earner couples can easily manage the workload of
household activities and this enables the them to continue work efficiently at their
workplace. In hopes of saving time and energy of couples while doing household
activities laundry is one of convenience service.
Laundry processes are often done in a room reserved for that purpose.
Laundry processes include washing, agitation, rinsing, drying, pressing, and
folding. Hence if there will be provision of laundry facility in housing society it
will help to reduce above mentioned workload.
Usually in India in most of the apartments and buildings dual earner

couples have their own washing machines and dryers, still due to lack of time they
are unable to manage all the activities like drying, pressing and folding. There are
other laundries outside, but it takes time and efforts to always give clothes. The
rates are also not reasonable for everyone to afford. In order to find a solution,
concept of sharing laundry system introduced in ‘Living in Group’ society.
There is one common laundry in society in the mall and allotted staff will
manage the smooth working of the facility. As it is a society, the numbers of
residents are more and there will be scheduling to manage it efficiently. In order
to mention about management, residents have to put their clothes in bins which
will be provided floor wise. There will be staff member who will collect the clothes
of residents and after completing all the process from washing till folding, washer
man will return clothes in same way as mentioned above. The frequency of
colleting clothes will be once in two days.

2. Car-Cab System
‘Living in Group’ society satisfies the purpose of providing low cost

housing for dual-earners in urban area as well as reducing their daily hustle to lead
them to happy and better living. Better house in locality which is in the vicinity of
workplace plays a vital role in overall reduction of stress to some extent. Moreover,
dual-earners residing at places away from workplace face major challenge of
commuting to their workplaces which results in tiresome and stressful daily
schedule. In such cases, people with better income prefer private cars or bikes but
lower income group are left with no other option than public transport. Thinking
about the society as a whole some people own more than two cars, some own
single car and rest prefer public transport or bikes. Taking into consideration such
families who own a car but don’t prefer it for commuting to their work place and
theses vehicles remain unused except its use for some recreational weekend plans.
To make the commuting easier and less hectic our society has introduced an
efficient system named ‘Car-Cab System’ to utilise unused cars of society for the
group of needy commuting to workplaces in same area if and only if the owner is
willing to share his or her private vehicle.
Execution of this system will begin with an initial survey of the entire
society to know the percentage of willing owners of private four-wheelers who are
ready to share their rides or vehicles. Furthermore, survey will also highlight
percentage of residents who are in need of proper means of transport service to
their workplace and also the major areas where workplaces are dominant. This will
help the management committee to distribute the cars according to need on daily
basis. Drivers will be hired by committee itself and maintenance of cars as well as
some pre-fixed amount in form of rent will be granted to these car owners. In case
some families are willing to use these cars for short trips or any other activities,
they will get to avail this facility upon availability of cars and on the basis of first
cum serve basis. An app for pre-booking a vehicle at mentioned rates and specified
conditions will be made available to the residents. In the same manner residents
using this facility for daily commuting have to pay the charges as mentioned and
have to follow the rules emphasised by the Car-cab System Committee. Main
purpose of forming a committee is to ensure strict control and smooth functioning
of the system which in the end will be of utmost use to residents and reduce their

daily hustle in commuting and lead to a stress-free environment at home and

workplace.
3. Gym
People are so busy in their work life that they don’t have enough time for
their personal life. The change in their lifestyle has led to increase in sitting hours
and no physical movement. This has led to increase in health issues and obesity.
The increase in number of working woman has led to neglecting towards the
physical fitness of family members as it is difficult to manage the office work and
home simultaneously. Hence it is necessary to provide a facility that will help the
working couple to maintain their physical fitness.
As the dual earner couples don’t have enough time from their busy
schedule, there comes a need to provide gym in the society. So that they can save
their time and go to Gym whenever they wish.
There are two gyms one for the members of C Wing within their building
and other in amenity building common for other people. Residents of A and B
wing can pay and use the C Wing gym. The gym is common for ladies and gents.
A gym trainer will be there to guide about fitness. The gym will be open from
morning 6 am to evening 10 pm so that the couple can come here as per their
convenience after completion of their work.
4. Guest room
Now-a-days working couples are unable to attend their guest because of

their excessive workload and overtime work. Also, guest visits rarely on some
special occasions like marriages, birthdays and festivals, etc. Guest need proper
attention and if they are not attended properly or taken care of their
accommodation it may lead to affect family relations. Dual-earner couples are too
busy in managing their stressful life, so they are unable to take care about
hospitality of their guests. This is disrespectful and may create bad impression
among guests.
Generally, in housing societies like apartments - living room is mostly used

for accommodating guests. In case of bungalow, there can be provision of separate
guestroom. But today as space for housing societies is limited in cities and

economy is also an important factor, so it is better to provide a common guestroom

sharing among some families to optimize space utilization.
For ‘Living in Group’ society space optimization is considered primarily.

As Living room is provided in common between two families it can be utilized as
guestroom. When guests are more in number then Function hall or Meeting hall is
more flexible for accommodating guests. Bedrooms can also be utilized as Living
room by providing folding type furniture, such as in night time a bedroom is useful
for sleeping purpose and during day time furniture can be folded and utilized as
living room which will be useful to increase space for guests. In ‘Living in Group’
society the couples who are sharing a common guest room should share charges
of maintenance. In case of folding type furniture, a bed can be folded as sofa.
5. Medical facility
A health facility is in general, any location where healthcare is provided.

It ranges from small clinics to urgent care centres and large hospitals
with emergency rooms and trauma centres. Provision of health facilities with help
of a clinic which is easily accessible for society members and outsider is made in
the ground floor of the mall. Each family of society will have their own ‘Health
card’. The health card will have the required basic information. A separate first
aid facility is provided for gym, day care and kitchen.
6. ATM
ATM is provided at the mini mall to cater need of customer (of mini mall) as well
as residents of our society.
7. Mini mall
India is nation where the retail sector is highly fragmented but barely
organised. In order to get two different things, one has to make a run for two
different stores. The main objective behind providing Mini Mall is ‘To provide
much needed affordable community facilities and space where a wide variety of
people can gather to utility of service’. To promote the individual and collective
wellbeing, health and happiness of people living in communities, particularly
those suffering from social exclusion. Mini mall is provided within the society
and which is accessible for residents of society as well as outside people.

Mall will present themselves as a one stop shop for all needs of the
consumer in the most pleasurable and economic way. Mall will not only be a
shopping place but a place to rejuvenate, socialize and entertain. All the items
which are required for day to day life like fruits, dairy products, vegetables etc.
will be made available. There is provision of sufficient parking for outsider.
8. Day-care
As dual earner couples have to spend much of the time at their workplace,
the working couples having children face difficulty to look after their children as
there is no one at home after both of them leave for workplace. The working
couples having high work load are unable to complete the responsibilities related
with children effectively which may have adverse impact on the future of the child.
Due to insufficient time spent on the upbringing of child, the parents fail to give
proper rites and values to make the child well brought up. So, there is need of child
care facility in housing society to not only take care of the child and provide them
with required facilities but also give them proper set of values and important life
lessons. The proper child care facility will enable the couples to maintain healthy
relations with reduced fights regarding the child related works as they will be free
from the its responsibility during work time which allows them to continue work
efficiently without any interruptions. This facility is very useful for single working
mother or father who along with work have to single-handedly take care of their
children. On other hand, this child care facility creates employment for housewives
and grandparents within the society for the job of care taker or teacher or nannies.
The first few years of a child's life are important to form a basis for
good education, morality, self-discipline and social integration. Child care or day-
care is for caring and supervision of children, usually ranging from age six weeks
to age thirteen in which care taker or teacher focuses on the physical and mental
developments of children to improve children moral and incidental learning. Child
care facility within society should be such which creates inviting spaces for
children and fulfil the requirement of working couple.
The ‘Living in Group’ society’s day care is for children from 1 years of
age to 12 years. A preschool or kindergarten will be there for 2 to 3 years of
children. It is designed for a capacity of 400 children.

Day-care Provisions - The ‘Living in Group’ society’s Day-care will be designed

appropriately taking into considerations all the requirements. The Day care centre
will be licensed and in accordance with the laws, rules and regulations of the Child
Welfare Services. It will be in accordance with the Early childhood care and
education (ECCE) policies with facilities including safe drinking water, child-
friendly toilets, caregiver-student ratio of 1:20 for children between 3-6 years and
1:10 for those younger than three.
The Day-care shall include
1. Classroom
2. Staff Room
3. Quiet Area
4. Open Activity Area
5. Age Specific Areas
6. Playschool or Kindergarten.
7. Sand pit with swings and slides
9. Mega Kitchen cum Dining
The main function of the kitchen is to prepare food for the whole society.
It is a mega kitchen which will be accompanied by a store room. A large dining
room is provided at ground and first floor where the families can enjoy food for
each building separately. The kitchen has two compartments one for vegetarians
and non-vegetarians. They also have separate cooking utensils and separate
working staff. Morning breakfast, lunch and dinner will be provided to the
residents. Evening snacks will also be there on pay and eat basis. There will be
buffet system for proper management in peak hours. The large dining is divided
into two compartments (i.e. vegetarian and non-vegetarian). This is done because,
some of the families which belongs to some particular caste or religion may have
‘zero tolerance’ to the non-veg food. Therefore, this thing has been taken into
consideration. The kitchen also has parcel facility for old and needy people. Tiffin
facility will also be there for working people and school going children.

The main purpose of providing kitchen on the ground floor of each

building is to ensure easy access for the residents as well as to reduce difficulties
in carrying the kitchen stuff to the upper floors. To manage this mega kitchen, a
committee will be formed which will mostly include housewives. Their duty will
be to look after the kitchen requirement, staff and managing its finance. They will
also prepare the monthly menu which will be decided through meetings. These
committees will be paid some amount from the budget allocated to kitchen for this
work.
10. Club House/ Multi-Purpose Hall

A multi-purpose hall will be used by all the residents as for their various
functions and also to conduct meetings. The hall will be allotted to the residents
to use for their family functions on first cum first basis. People can watch and
enjoy together cricket and football matches. Multi-purpose room has flexibility
of utilizing it as Indoor games. This room will be specially dedicated to Indoor
games like chess, carom, table tennis and badminton. This facility will be very
useful to children as well as old people. The Club house is provided in the
Recreational open space of the society.
11. Workers accommodation

A one room accommodation is provided for the workers of society. This
will make the workers available 24 x 7. The nominal rent of accommodation will
be deducted from their salary. Accommodation for 50% of workers will be in the
society itself.
12. Computer/ LAN room and study room

A quite place to comfortably sit and read, study or work is provided on the
third floor of the day-care. Children as well as their parents can come here to study
or work when there are any disturbances at their place.
13. Recreational open space

A large centrally placed garden with temple, club house and benches are
provided for small children to play and to sit and relax for the old people. Old
people can very well sit under a tree reading newspaper or just chatting with others.

People can enjoy yoga sessions in the garden as well as an evening or morning
walk on the jogging track.
5.5 Layout Planning and Assumptions
A trapezoidal corner plot located at Hinjewadi, Pune was assumed for planning
a layout. Area of plot was assumed between 2 to 2.5 Hectares. Based upon above
assumption three different layouts were prepared as per DC rules and regulations.
Results were totally different with different area. So, in order to select the best layout
as per proper grouping of buildings and facilities, general voting of Final year
Architect students of BKPS Abhinav Kala Mahavidyalaya was taken. They opted
out the Plan A with total layout area of 22,600 square meters which was least
amongst the three and grouping was also satisfactory. Plan B was grouped properly
but the garden wasn’t centrally placed, and area was 25509 Sq.m which was
comparatively higher than Plan A. Plan C was almost of same area as that of Plan B
but grouping wasn’t up to the mark and hence the latter two were rejected.
Plan A consumed the total FSI of 2.05 which fits in 6 Residential buildings which
will be an eco-friendly dwelling of 504 families wherein people of all standard and
class will reside together. Flats ranging from 10 lakhs to 70 lakhs will be made
available for sale wherein people can choose their house based on their requirement,
comfort and economy. Building and flat classification is as follows
Number of working couple per family = 1
Based on number of family members:

Table 5.1 - Classification of flats according to number of family members
Sr. Flat type No. of family No. of Information

No. members Working couples
One working
P 2 1
1 couple.
One working
Q 2+1 1 couple & their
child.
One working
couple & their 2
R 2+2 1
children.
One working
couple, their
2 S 2+2+2 1
children and
parents.
Flat type P, Q, R consist of one or two bedrooms and flat type S consist of three
bedrooms.
Table 5.2 - Cost for different flats
Cost of a flat (in Building No. of bldg. No of floors Total No of

lakhs) Wings flats
15-25 A1, A2 2 20 216
35-55 B1, B2, B3 3 20 216
70-100 C1 1 20 72
TOTAL 6 bldgs. 504 flats
Every building will have Mess and Dining Facility on Ground floor and first floor.
Assuming appropriate rate per square feet in Hinjewadi Area.
As per census 2011, an average Indian family consists of 5 members.

Therefore, our society will be a shelter for 2520 individuals. Furthermore, we have

assumed 2 children per family which states that out of 2520 individuals 1000 are
children from age group of below 21yrs.
• Based upon survey classification of children as per age group is as follows-
Table 5.3 - Classification of children as per age group for Day-care
Age Group (in yrs.) Assumed percentage No of Children
Below 7 25% 250
7-14 25% 250
Above 14 50% 500
TOTAL 100% 1000
Day-care facility is the back bone of this society wherein dual-earners can hand
over kids to Society’s Day-care and enjoy a peaceful and tension free environment at their
work places. Children from age group 1-12 years will enjoy the day-care facility which
counts for 400 children based upon the assumed percentage as mentioned in the table
above.
Children and Grand Parents are the non-working or dependent personnel of the
society. According to the survey almost 50% families are joint families hence
grandparents or old people are of same importance as children. Therefore, 500 families
will consist of 250 old people approximately, because single person per family is
assumption. Interested retired old people those who are capable and willing to work will
be employed in the management committee of the society.
Features of Layout Plan A -
1. For the assumed Corner Plot, a two floor Mini-mall is provided at the corner which
has two access one from society and other from exterior roads. Mini-mall has
sufficient parking surrounding it.
2. Security Booth ensures security and prohibits entry of outsiders into the society.
3. Worker’s Residence is provided at bottom east corner of the plot having separate
entrance which ensures convenient commute for the workers and prohibits the
entry of other family members not working for society.

4. Low cost Building Wings A1 and A2 is placed at south of the plot and near the
entrance, whereas average cost Building wings B1, B2, B3 are placed at the north
side of the plot enjoying privacy and peaceful environment. Furthermore, High
Cost building wing C1 is placed at west direction of the plot having its own
swimming pool and gym. It is placed away from chaos and enjoys serene
environment.
5. Day-care of the society is a four-storey building located at east direction of the plot
which is well within the outer walls as well as from internal roads of the society to
ensure safety and security to the children. Day-care building is accompanied with
sand pit and play equipment’s for children. It’s third that is the topmost floor is
study and computer room.
6. Centrally provided Recreational open space of 2750 square meter consists of Club
house and temple. Club house is a two storied building with badminton court,
restroom and society office on ground floor and common gym on first floor. This
space is surrounded by 230m length jogging track.
7. Sports are given prime importance by providing a basketball court and two
volleyball courts wherein residents of any age group can spend their leisure time
playing.
8. Sufficient visitors and two-wheelers parking are provided on the periphery of the
plot. Whereas Residents enjoy the facility of underground parking.
9. Sewage Treatment Plant of 340 square meter area is provided at upper Northwest
corner of the plot away from residential buildings covered by trees and bushes to
avoid any foul smell in the society.
5.6 Floor Planning
“A” Wing Building -
The Wing A with two building A1 and A2 of the society are with minimum area
to make the society affordable to low income groups. Each building is of 20 floors and
has kitchen cum dining facility at the ground and first floor and provision of parking in
the basement. Every other floor will have 6 flats amongst which four flats are one bedroom
and remaining two are two-bedroom flats. In cities like Pune there is more demand for
1BHK flats from the lower middle-class people and hence more one-bedroom flats are

made available. Provision of two staircases and three lifts is made in building for vertical
movement along with access to firefighting pipe and garbage chute in every lobby.
In the A wing two bedrooms and one-bedroom flat are sharing a common living
room and such two provisions are made. Also, two one-bedroom flats share a living room
in common thus a floor will have 6 flats but only three living room. A common entrance
for members of both the is provided through the shared living room. Moreover, a separate
entrance through the lobby to passages of every flat ensures privacy and an exclusive
access to their private places. All the flats have a separate balcony, water closet and bath
and a pantry.
“B” Wing Building -
In ‘Living in Group’ society, three class B type apartments are provided, and each
apartment has 20 floors. On each floor total four flats are there which has two 3 bed and
two 2 bed flats. Each floor accommodates four families. Total two staircases and three
lifts are provided for each apartment. In the lobby one court-yard is provided for
ventilation purpose. Each floor has access to firefighting pipe and garbage chute. At the
ground floor and first floor of apartment one common mess and dinning is provided
respectively. Parking is provided at the basement.
In class B type flats, 2 bed and 3 bed flats are sharing one common living room;
such two provisions are made to maintain symmetry in planning. In case of 3 bed flats one
master bed is provided with attached toilet. Another Bed room and Kids room shares
common WC and Bath. A common balcony is provided for Kids room and Master bed
room and Bed room has a separate balcony provision. In case of 2 bed flats one Bed room
and one Kids room is provided. Both have common WC and bath and also two separate
balconies. All flats have separate access through lobby so as to maintain privacy and a
common access through living room. The common living room consists of the two
separate pantries.
“C” Wing Building –
C Wing Building consists of single building having 20 floors and kitchen cum
dining facility at the ground and first floor and provision of parking in the basement. Every
other floor will have 4 flats amongst which 2 flats are two bedrooms and remaining two
are three-bedroom luxurious flats. Provision of two staircases and three lifts is made in

building for vertical movement along with access to firefighting pipe and garbage chute
in every lobby.
Two and Three Bedroom Luxurious Apartments are planned taken into
consideration privacy, safety and comfort. Two bedrooms flat has one master bed with
balcony and one kids bed room. Common living room between 2 two bedrooms flat and
2 three-bedroom flats is provided. Each flat has its own private entrance and one common
entrance from living room. Apartments have separate WC and bath and balconies.
Provision for gym and spa is made in building itself.
5.7 Development Control and Promotion Rules
5.7.1 Layout Planning
The planning of layout is done according to the Development Control and

promotions Regulations for Pune Municipal Corporation (DCPR-2017) as the society is
assumed to be developed in Hinjewadi area which is under jurisdiction of Pune Municipal
Corporation.
Important Regulations of DCPR applicable and followed to plan the layout of society
along with the regulation number is as follows-
1. The layout of society is prepared as it is obligatory to submit the same when there
is more than one building. (15.1)
2. An internal road connectivity by 7.5m wide road as required for housing societies
is provided. (15.2 (C))
3. A minimum of 10% recreational open space is mandatory. ‘Living in Group’ has
a 12.2% recreational open space area at one place well accessible to all the
residents. (15.3.1)
4. A Temple, club house and gymnasium are provided in the open space as they are
amongst the structures permitted in recreational open spaces. Also, the structure is
two storied club house with 240 sqm ground floor area which is less than 10% of
recreational area as permitted. The first floor will be 170 sq. making the total built
up less than 15% of the open space as per the provision. (15.3.7)
5. Provision of suitable site for electric substation 5mx5m is made. (15.5)
6. ‘Living in Group’ society has consumed F.S.I of 2.05 as a basic F.S.I of 2 is
available in Pune for residential building with mix use. (17.1.1(a) Table no. 5) But

as the building is planned and designed for Platinum recognition, it is entitled for
incentive F.S.I of 7% on basic F.S.I making the allowable F.S.I as 2.14. (37.0)
F.S.I Calculations
Built up area calculation
Built-up area excluding: Porches, staircase lift, duct area
Table 5.4 - F.S.I Calculations
Area of single No. of No. of Total area

Sr. No Type of building
floor in Sq.m. buildings floor in Sq.m.
1 Higher class 507 1 20 10140

building
2 Middle class 346 3 20 20760
building
3 Lower class 303 2 20 12120
building
4 Worker building 341 1 5 1705
5 Day-care 285 1 3 855
Study & 100 1 1 100
computer room
6 Mini mall 380 1 2 760
TOTAL BUILT-UP AREA FOR FSI CALCULATION 46440
Plot area = 22600 sq.m.

FSI consumed = Built up area/ Net plot area
= 46440 / 22600
= 2.05
7. The mall proposed has front marginal distance of 12m on main road of 24m and
marginal distance of 6m from another road. (17.2.2)
8. The front margin 16m is provided from the residential buildings which is greater
than 14m that is required for height of building above 70m up to 100m. (17.2.3(a))
9. Side margins and distance between two buildings is maintained as 16m which is
one fourth of the height of buildings for sufficient light and ventilation. (17.2.3)

10. A minimum distance of 3m is maintained from internal roads to the buildings.

(17.2.3)
11. A society office of 20 sqm is provided in the club house itself to co-ordinate and
manage the works of society. (18.19)
12. Also, special provisions for differently abled as well as solar water heating,
rainwater harvesting, sewage treatment plant and solid waste management are
made in the society. (32.0)
13. According to DC for layout approval a separate space of 340 sqm is provided for
sewage treatment plant. (35.3.1 C-i)
14. 3. A Solid Waste Management system is provided as it is mandatory. (36.0)
5.7.2 Building Planning

All the six residential buildings as well as worker’s accommodation is also planned
in accordance with the requirements of parts of building.
1. The size, height of habitable rooms, pantry, water closet, bath, lifts and staircase
are more than the minimum requirements of buildings. (18.0)
2. The water supply requirements are made by providing sufficient overhead and
underground water tanks. (29.0)
Water supply provisions:
• Water tank design-
Population of society = 2520
Per capita water consumption = 175 lit
Total water required = 2520 x 175
= 441000 litres
= 441cubic metre
• Building wise water requirement -
‘A’ Building -
Number of residents per building = 108 x 5 = 540
Water required = 540 x 175

= 94500 lit
= 94.5 cu.m.
10 % extra (demand fluctuation) = 1.1 x 94.5 = 104 cu.m.
Area of headroom roof = 2.5 x 4.5 = 11.25 Sq m.
Size of overhead water tank = 4.5 m x 2.5 m x 3 m
Size of underground water tank = 5m x 5m x 2.8 m
‘B’ Building -
= 63000 lit
= 63 Cu.m.
10 % extra (demand fluctuation) = 1.1 x 63= 69.3 Cu.m.
Area of headroom roof = 2.5 x 4.5 = 11.25 Sq m.
Size of underground water tank =4mx3mx3m
‘C’ Building -
= 63000 lit
= 63 cu.m.
10 % extra (demand fluctuation) = 1.1 x 63
= 69.3 cu.m.

Area of headroom roof = 2.5 x 4.5
= 11.25 sq m.
Size of underground water tank =4mx3mx3m
3. All the buildings are planned and designed to ensure fire safety according to part 4
of Fire Protection of National Building Code of India. (19.0) The provisions made
for fire safety according to NBC are as follows.
Fire safety
According to Maharashtra Fire Prevention and Life Safety Measures Act 2006, it is
mandatory for all residential societies to carry out a fire audit with the help of a
licensed agency. The rules under section 3 of the Maharashtra Fire Prevention and
Life Safety Measures Act clearly states that it is mandatory that the builder or the
society or the residents have to take cognizance of the rules and keep a check on the
firefighting equipment installed in buildings. It has to be checked from a licensed
agency and a copy has to be given to the fire department. Hence it is mandatory to
provide fire prevention and safety measures in ‘Living in Group’ society.
The design of any building and the type of materials used in its construction are
important factors in making the building resistant to a complete burn-out and in
preventing the rapid spread of fire, smoke or fumes, which may otherwise
contribute to the loss of lives and property. ‘Living in Group’ society is also
designed to resist against fire by using some fire-resistant materials.
Fire resisting materials
Aerated concrete blocks are used in the construction of all 6 buildings in the
society. 75 mm should be minimum thickness of aerated concrete blocks without
finish for fire resistance of 3 hours. Minimum dimensions of reinforced concrete
columns and beams are decided to resist fire for 1 to 4 hours.
The finishing materials used for various surfaces and decor in the flats shall be
such that it shall not generate toxic smoke/fumes. Based on the rate of spread of
flame, surfacing material shall be considered.
Fire escape

Every building in the ‘Living in Group’ society shall be so constructed,

equipped, maintained and operated as to avoid undue danger to the l ife and
safety of the occupants from fire, smoke, fumes or panic during the time period
necessary for escape.
Exits like doorway, corridor, passageway to an internal staircase, to a veranda

are provided in each building for easy escape during fire hazard. There are sufficient
exits to permit safe escape of occupants, in case of fire or another emergency. All
exits are clearly marked, and signs posted to guide the occupants of the floor
concerned.
Ac c or di n g t o N BC ( pa rt 4 ), The minimum width of tread without nosing

shall be 250 mm and 1 m width of staircase for internal staircase of residential
buildings. In ‘Living in Group’ society, each building consists of 2 dog-legged
staircases having 250 mm of width of tread and 1.5 m width of staircase.
Separate circuit is provided for staircase lighting and corridor lighting and it is
independently connected, so that it could be operated by one switch installation
on the ground floor easily accessible to firefighting staff.
Staircase and corridor lighting is connected to alternative supply. The

alternative source of supply may be provided by battery.
Fire Detection and Warning
In all the buildings in the society, automatic fire detection and alarm
facilities a r e provided, where necessary to warn occupants early of the
existence of fire, so that they may escape and to facilitate the orderly conduct
of fire exit drills.
Fire protection
The firef ighting equipment and accessories to be installed in buildings for use in
firefighting is in accordance with the accepted standards (NBC part 4) contained
in and shall be maintained periodically so as to ensure their perfect serviceability
at all times. As all the buildings in the society are of height greater than 60 m., so
wet riser, first-aid hose reels are installed on all the floors of buildings and shall be
in accordance with accepted standards. The first-aid, hose reel is connected directly

to the riser main and diameter of the hose reel shall not be less than 19 mm.
Automatic sprinklers shall be installed in basements which will be used as car
parks.
Static Water Storage Tanks for Firefighting
A satisfactory supply of water for the purpose of firefighting is always be

available in the form of underground/terrace level static storage tank with
capacity specified for each building. Arrangement is made to underground static
tank which is replenished by mains of alternative source of supply at the rate
of 1 000 l/min for.
Capacity of Underground water tank = 1,00,000 lit.
Capacity of overhead water tank = 25,000 lit.

6 ORGANISATIONAL BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE
The society can function well only when there is a proper management in the
society. Improper management may lead to conflicts within the residents of the society
and dis-functioning of the facilities and therefore, the objectives of the society may
not be accomplished. The proper management requires well organized management
committee. Therefore, for the group living society, the organizational breakdown is
given below with its vision, mission and objectives.
6.1 Vision
To provide distinctive, integrated, affordable housing and support services through co-
living for fulfilling lifestyle and to inspire and empower our committee and residents
to create a better, stronger and self-sustainable community.
6.2 Mission
1. To provide a convenient and affordable housing through shared spaces and

facilities.
2. To make a positive difference to people’s lives and our communities.
3. To provide more people with a roof over their head so they can make a home.
4. To create awareness among residents and inculcate green, sustainable and smart
building techniques in the society.
5. Committed to developing, managing and maintaining a range of affordable, quality
housing in sustainable communities.
6.3 Objectives
1. Providing secure, affordable housing.

2. Begin building a database of information on mutual self-help and co‑operative
housing models and systems throughout the world;
3. Take steps to make membership in Co-operative Housing accessible and attractive;
4. Organize one or more thematic seminars or conferences for members each year;
5. Seek appropriate support for co‑operative housing development.
6. Co-operate with other regional and international bodies whose mandate is to
promote sustainable human settlements;

7. Test our members’ satisfaction regularly and change our working methods as
needed to earn our members’ continuing loyalty;
8. Ask our members to meet their financial commitments to Co-operative Housing.
9. Provide simple, easy to use services for all our customers.
10. Defeat financial constraints with creative thinking and imagination.
11. High quality services, continuous improvement and investment in its people.
12. Mutual respect and trust between customers, staff and managers.
13. Activity is socially, financially and environmentally sustainable.
14. Provide well maintained and valued homes that are adaptable as people’s needs
change.
15. Improve the range of housing within our communities.
16. Seek continuous improvement in our service delivery and customer satisfaction.
17. Support our customers to sustain their homes and be active participants in their
communities.
18. Develop and help our people to fulfil their potential.
6.4 Members and Their Duties
Table 6.1 - Organization structure of committee members of the society
Sr. Term of
Designation Availability Paid/Unpaid Selection
No. Service
1. Chairman 3 years As per need Unpaid Elected
2. Vice chairman 3 years As per need Unpaid Elected
3. Treasurer 3 years As per need Unpaid Elected
4. Conflict 3 years As per need Unpaid Elected
resolving head
5. Secretory 3 years As per need Unpaid Elected
6. Maintenance 3 years As per need Unpaid Elected
head
7. Finance - Full Time Paid Appointed by
manager committee
8. Legal advisor - As per need Paid Appointed by
committee
9. Conflict 3 years As per need Unpaid Appointed by
resolving committee
committee (6
members)

10. Vice secretory 3 years As per need Unpaid Appointed by

(3) committee
11. Supervisors - Full Time Paid Appointed by
(18) committee
Note – Some elected personnel can hold the same position for maximum two times.
Table 6.2 - Cleaning staff management
Working hrs.
Units No (each worker Working area
spends daily)
Building A - 1 8 Common space,
flats & kitchen
Building B – 1 8 Common space,
flats & kitchen
flats & kitchen
10(1)
flats & kitchen
Building C – 1 8 Common space,
flats & kitchen
Building C – 2 8 Common space,
flats & kitchen
Car cab 2 Parking space
Laundry 2 Laundry room
Sport 2 Indoor game room,
Gym
Daycare 2(2) 4 All rooms, outer
space
Garden 2
Temple 2
Community hall 2
Open spaces in 8
2
society
Note – (1) 10 workers clean 2 apartments daily
(2) Maximum 8 working hours per worker is considered


Chairman: (3-year term):
The chairman is the highest officer of the society and its committee. The chairman is
appointed by holding elections in the society. The chairman is responsible for assessing
whether the committee is achieving the society’s current objectives. The chairman
organizes and conducts the monthly meeting for the management committee and drafts
an agenda and policy in consultation with the members of Management Committee.
Besides, he/she also act as a mediator between Municipal authority and the society.
Vice-Chairman (3-year term):
The role of vice chairman is to assist Chairman and take a role in organization of
monthly meeting. He handles the duties of Chairman in his absence. The vice chairman
directs ethical issues, including the development and maintenance of the society's ethics
codes. The vice-chairman is elected by conducting elections in the society.
Treasurer (3-year term):
The treasurer is responsible for receiving the society's finance, managing dues and
disbursing funds. Treasurer also keeps all the financial records. The treasurer reports
to the Management Committee during monthly meetings and project financial situation
of the society. It is his/her duty to implement innovative ideas to use the funds to help
growth of the society. If society lacks funds, then his/her duty is to suggest creative
ideas to increase the funds for the society in order to meet the financial requirements.
Financial manager:
Financial manager is a professional person appointed by management committee to

assist treasurer.
Conflict resolving system:
Any conflicts that may occur in the society on any issue is addressed by conflict
resolving system of the society. The role of conflict resolving system is to form rules
and regulations for the society and pass judgement based on it. It is their duty to update
the rules and regulations. The members of conflict resolving system consist of conflict
resolving head, a legal advisor and six members committee.

Conflict resolving head (3 years term):
In case of any dispute among the residents of the society, the duty of conflict resolving
head is to organize and conduct meetings of the members of conflict resolution system
and take trials. The judgement will be passed based on rules and regulations in
consultation with other members of the system. Conflict resolving head is appointed
by conducting elections within the society.
Legal advisor:
In case of major conflicts, a legal advisor might be consulted. The legal advisor is the
professional person having all necessary information and qualification in the subject of
law. The duty of legal advisor is to give truthful advice that takes into consideration
moral, economic, social and political factors that might affect society's problems. Legal
advisor will be paid appropriate charges as per requirement.
6-member committee (3 years term):
A 6-member committee is appointed by the management committee of the society from

each apartment after every 3 years. The committee will act as an advisory to help the
conflict resolving head to solve any disputes in the society.
Secretary (3 years term):
Secretary organizes and conducts meetings with the vice-secretaries and keeps the
minutes of the meeting. Secretary takes the reports from vice-secretaries and keep
record of requirements of the society. Secretary reports to the management committee
and project his report to help improvement of those facilities. Secretary considers any
problem informed by the vice secretary and redirect it to the respective managing body.
The secretary is an elected person from the society.
Vice- secretary (3 years term):
Duty of vice-secretary is to handle all the supervisor appointed to the respective

facilities and take the reports from them which consists current situation of the facilities
and requirements for its improvement. He/she keeps the records of all the documents
related to the facilities. Final report is submitted by vice secretary to the secretary who
will then convey it to the management committee. It is also his/ her duty to consider
any problem related to the functioning of facilities or any other issue related to

maintenance or disputes within the society and then convey it to the appropriate
managing body. The/ major issues should be conveyed to the secretary when vice
secretary is unable to address it.
To have convenient management, vice-secretaries are categorized into three:
1) Vice-secretary (A): He/she manages supervisors of kitchen of each section of

apartment, car cab and laundry.
2) Vice-secretary (B): He/she manages any issues related to residential building and
its residents.
3) Vice-secretary (C): He/she manages supervisors of recreational facilities.
Supervisors:
The role of supervisors is to manage the functioning of facilities and take care of its
finance, requirements, staff, new recruitments, distribution of salaries, etc. It is their
duty to keep the records of expenditures, bills, documents and convey the situation or
any problem of the facilities to the Vice-secretary. Supervisors are appointed by
Management Committee.
Maintenance head:
Duty of Maintenance head is to take care of any maintenance issue that arises in the
society. Maintenance head manages the maintenance staff which is categorized into
three groups, i.e. cleaning staff, technical staff and security staff. Maintenance head
will take complaints and convey it to the respective staff based on type of complaint.
He/she will take care of new recruitments, distribution of salaries, keeping the
maintenance documents, records in the safe place, etc. The Maintenance head is an
elected person from the society.
6.5 Financial Management:
Financial management is done in following way:
Maintenance charges are required to be levied from the expenses on repairs and
maintenance of the buildings, service charges (housekeeping, security, common area
electricity, equipment’s, etc.), expenses on repairs and maintenance of the lift including
its running charges, parking charges, taxes, water charges, interest on defaulted
charges, expenses on the repairs and maintenance of various common facilities

provided (Mega kitchen, gym, swimming pool, STP, day-care, function hall, etc.)and
its services, etc.
Some of these expenses fluctuates due to some external reasons while other remains
fixed throughout the year. Therefore, the total maintenance cost to be levied is divided
into two parts:
Fixed charges and Running charges.
a) Fixed charges:
Fixed deposit is the extra money levied per flat which is then deposited in a bank
account of the society. The interest accumulated on this money is used for the
maintenance of common facilities and its services, expenses on repair and maintenance
of the buildings, expenses on repair and maintenance of lift, etc. This money can be
levied while selling the flat itself in terms of percentage on the total cost of flats (for
e.g. 2% for higher class flats, 2.5 % for middle class flats and 3% for low class flats).
This fixed deposit is compulsory and is used for maintenance and repair of all the
common facilities provided in the society regardless of their use by the residents.
Initially, when the flats or unoccupied, this fixed deposit for flat is paid by builder itself
and deposit it into bank account of the society. For residents living on rental basis, it is
still paid by builder itself until all the flats are sold out. The Builder may then recover
it after selling the flats. The bank account is transferred to the Management Committee
of the society after its formation.
b) Running charges:
It is the money that is levied from the residents per month for variable expenditures
like service charges (housekeeping, security, common area electricity, equipment’s,
etc.), Mega kitchen, water charges, running charges of lift, taxes, etc. The monthly
charges to be levied from the residents is decided by the management committee for
different classes of apartment.
A financial manager is required to keep the track of financial flow for all 6 Apartments
by categorizing them differently. This will help to allocate the budget proportionally to
each apartment according to the amount of money levied from each apartment.

7 GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE APPROACH
The building sector in India is growing at a rapid pace and contributing immensely to
the growth of the economy. This augurs well for the country and now there is an imminent
need to introduce green concepts and techniques in this sector, which can aid growth in a
sustainable manner.
The green concepts and techniques in the building sector can help address national
issues like water efficiency, energy efficiency, reduction in fossil fuel use for commuting,
handling of consumer waste and conserving natural resources. Most importantly, these
concepts can enhance occupant health, productivity and well-being.
“‘Living in Group’ Society” has been designed with reference to the Indian Green
Building Council’s (IGBC) ‘IGBC Green Residential Societies rating system’ to apply
green concepts and reduce environmental impacts that are measurable.
The methodology used to make ‘Living in Group’ society green in accordance with
the IGBC guidelines is as under
7.1 Green Techniques Adopted
Following green techniques are adopted-

7.1.1 Sustainable Integrated Design Approach
The project will involve team members from multi-disciplinary fields for effective
decision-making and enhanced building performance, right from conceptual stage till
completion of the project. Also, it will be ensured that the project involves the following
project team members, as applicable, at each stage of the project: Architect,
Commissioning Authority, Energy Modeller, Facility Managers, General Contractor,
Green Building Consultant, Interior Designer, Landscape Architect, MEP Consultant,
Project Management Consultant, Structural Consultant, and other project team members
having thorough knowledge in their subject.
7.1.2 Facility Management

a) No Smoking in Common Areas
Minimization to exposure of non-smokers to the adverse health impacts arising
due to passive smoking in the ‘Living in Group’ society.
Measures that will be adopted

• Declaration letter from the Resident’s association describing the “No

Smoking” policy in common areas
• Provide descriptive measures for non-smoking policy in the green guidelines
document.
• Display ‘no smoking zone’ signage boards in all common areas in the
project.
Informative signage to educate users about adverse effects due to smoking.
Benefits:
Reduces health hazards caused due to passive smoking.
Improves air quality thereby improving health of community as in whole.
b) Maintenance of Facility
Verification that the building equipment & systems are sustained to achieve
performance as envisaged at the design stage. Demonstration that the residential
site has a contract with an agency which provides efficient building management
practices. Some persons from Organization set up of the society are completed
dedicated to look after the maintenance of the society. Also, the society will have
in place some operation and maintenance personnel for the following systems
• Electrical
• Plumbing
• Landscaping
• Housekeeping
Benefits-
• Reduced energy consumption.
• Improved lifespan of equipment used in the building.
c) Basic Amenities
Ensure access to basic amenities to reduce negative impacts caused to the

environment from automobile use.
The site has access to basic house-hold amenities, within a distance of 1 km from
the building entrance
List of Basic Amenities:

• ATM
• Clinic / Hospital
• Crèche
• Grocery store / Supermarket
• Laundry / Dry cleaners
• Park / Garden
• Pharmacy
• Sports club / Fitness centre / Gym
Benefits-
• Minimises the negative environmental impacts resulting from the use of

automobiles
• Saving of fuel used in commuting
• Encourages people to walk or cycle, thereby improving health
• Promotes community level interaction and better quality of life
d) Green Education for Occupants
Occupants will be provided with descriptive guidelines that educate and help them
implement and maintain green design features. Green guidelines / brochure to help
residents implement the green features will be published.
Benefits-
• Educates the residents about the green building features.

• Enables better maintenance throughout the building’s lifespan.
e) Minimise Heat Exposure – Roof
Reduction in heat islands to minimize impact on micro climate, human and local
biodiversity. At least 30% of exposed areas (roof) must be covered with (or) in
combination of White coloured china mosaic tiles or Painted white or Vegetation.
The society exposed roof of A class and B class buildings will be painted white
and the C class building will have green roof for at least 60%.
Green Roof Description:
Increasing population growth and the zones covered with buildings in urban areas
created less comfortable living, lower quality of life for people in cities and on the

larger scale affected the climate change, natural disasters and decreasing
sustainability .As one of the ways for the modern society to overcome these
problems ,in wider picture of the sustainable development ,the modern concept of
green building created which differs in many ways from construction trend that
has been present for years .As responding to the energy consumption , the demand
of green roof technology as passive cooling technique has been recognized
worldwide. Generally, by greening the rooftops in urban areas, the impact of urban
climate as well as indoor climate of building beneath them will be reduced.
Fig 7.1: Green Roof

(Source:https://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-science/green-
rooftop.htm)
Green roof is a roof of a building that is partially or completely covered with
vegetation and growing medium, planted over a water proofing membrane. It may
also include additional layers such as root barrier and drainage and irrigation.
Green roof serves several purposes for a building, such as absorbing rainwater,
providing insulation, creating a habitat for wildlife, and helping to lower urban air
temperatures and mitigate the heat island effect. There are two types of green roofs
namely intensive roofs and extensive roofs. Intensive roofs are thicker with
minimum depth of 12.8cm and can support a wider variety of plants but are heavier
and require more maintenance and extensive roofs are shallow ranging in depth
from 2 cm to 12.7 cm lighter than intensive green roofs and require minimal
maintenance.

Disadvantages of green roof
• Main disadvantage of green roof is that initial cost of installing a green roof is
doubles that of normal roof.
• Depending on what kind of green roof it is, the maintenance cost could be
higher, but some types of green roof have little or ongoing cost.
• Another disadvantage is that the wildlife that they attract may include pest
insects which could easily infiltrate a residential building through open window.
• Green roof requires significantly more maintenance and more energy compared
to standard roof
As the issue of increasing energy consumption in the building is due to the

increasing outdoor temperature and its related environmental issues such as global
warming and heat island. Mostly the one way of reducing the impact of global
warming and heat transfer into the building is by implementing green roof
technology. In order to provide solution for increasing energy consumption, there
will be provision of green roof in ‘Living in Group’ society. As per above
mentioned points initial cost of green roof is high so it will not be affordable for
all the types of proposed buildings in ‘Living in Group’ society. Although the
addition of green roof to a building can be relatively expensive the benefits given
by green roof should result in financial savings in future, for example by lowering
energy bills and roof maintenance costs. So as per consideration of affordability of
residents, there will be provision of green roof on building having comparatively
spacious flats and higher area. Total roof area of building type C is approximately
540 m2 Out of that about 280 m2 areas will be used for solar water heating system
and remaining i.e. about 260 m2 will be available for green roof.
The type of green roof that will be used is extensive green roof which has
comparatively less thickness with minimal maintenance cost. Approximately
installation cost of green roof is varying from Rs.1650 to Rs. 6500 per square foot
that means normally doubles that of the normal roof.
Economical as well as environmental benefits of green roofs-
• Economic benefits through the reduction of energy costs-saving money for the
energy that is consumed in cooling system in summer and winter heating system.

• Increased value of property.

• Creating a new natural habitat for flora and fauna.
• Reduced amount of rainwater returning to the process of water circulation in
nature
• Reduced impact of extreme temperature values and urban heat islands.
• Absorbing negative radiations which improve the microclimate.
• Absorbing the harmful effects of pollutants along with this green roof have
the ability to sequester carbon.
• Improving the quality of life.
• Helps to insulate a building for sound; the soil blocks lower frequencies and
the plants block higher frequencies.
• Increase agricultural space.
• Green roof not only retain rainwater, but also moderate the temperature of the
water and act as natural filters for any of the water that happens to run off.
Costs and financial benefits-
• Initial cost of installing a green roof is high in spite of this financial benefit
that accompanies green roofing.
• Green roofing can extend the lifespan of roof by covering the waterproofing
membrane with growing medium and vegetation that shields the membrane
from ultraviolet radiation and physical damages.
• The installation of a green roof could increase the real estate value.
• Reduction in energy use is an important property of green roofing. By
improving the thermal performance of roof, green roofing allows building to
be better retaining their heat during the cooler winter months and reflecting
and absorbing solar radiations during hotter summer months allowing
buildings to remain cooler.
• Depending on the region in which green roof is installed; incentives may be
available in the form of storm water tax reduction, grants, or rebates.
f) Design for Differently Abled

The building caters to differently abled and senior citizens thereby enhancing the
quality of life.

Following provisions for differently abled people are incorporated

• Uniform flooring
• Non-slippery ramps with hand rails on at least one side at all entrances wherever
required
• Braille and audio assistance in lifts for visually impaired people
g) Facilities for Health & Wellbeing

Promotion of occupant well-being facilities so as to enhance physical, emotional
and spiritual well-being.
Society has recreational facilities such as:
• Gymnasium
• Yoga / Meditation Centre
• Indoor games
• Swimming Pool
• Outdoor Sports
7.1.3 Sustainable Water Practices
a) Rain Water Harvesting

Enhancing the ground water table and reduce municipal water demand through
effective rainwater management. Provision of rainwater harvesting system to capture
run-off volumes from roof and non-roof areas.
Description of Rainwater Harvesting - Rainwater harvesting is an innovative

technique utilized to harvest rainwater from roofs and other above surfaces to be
stored for later use. Rain harvested in the society water can be used for garden,
laundry, and flushing toilets. It can be also used for ground water recharge. However,
you cannot use harvested rainwater for showering, bathroom sink or kitchen use
because it’s not really fit for consumption. In a normal scenario the rainwater is
collected from roof buildings and then stored inside of a special tank. Rainwater
harvesting systems are designed after assessing site conditions that include rainfall
pattern, incident rainfall, subsurface strata and their storage characteristics. Collection
of rainwater and harvesting it for everyday use has an ample number of exciting
benefits.

Need -
i. To overcome the inadequacy of surface water to meet our demands in the society.
To arrest decline in ground water levels.
ii. To enhance availability of ground water at specific place and time and utilize rain
water for sustainable development.
iii. To increase infiltration of rain water in the subsoil this has decreased drastically
in urban areas due to paving of open area.
iv. To improve ground water quality by dilution.
v. To increase agriculture production.
vi. To improve ecology of the area by increase in vegetation cover etc.
The New Delhi-based Centre for Science and Environment estimates that merely
capturing the rain water and run off on 2 per cent of India’s land area could supply
26 gallons of water per person.
Benefits-
• Provides backup source of water
There are many uncertainties in water supply systems. Droughts may lead to shortage
of water. Destruction of water supply systems may occur. Major repairs and
maintenance in water companies happen sporadically. All these variables lead to
unavailability of water in the society. So, installing rainwater harvesting system is the
best course of action to continue enjoying water supply in case any of the above
variables occur.
• Ecological benefit
The ecological benefits of rainwater harvesting are immense. An activity like flushing
the toilet, for instance, attributes to about 35% of home water usage. Add up the
amount of water used to irrigate the lawn, do laundry, wash cars and the total amount
water used is simply astronomical. The ecological benefit rainwater harvesting
systems bring is that there will be a significant reduction in the amount of water used
in the society from the mains. This, ideally, means that water companies will not have
to artificially pump in water from rivers and lakes. This will help minimize the
possibility of rivers drying up. Another great ecological benefit of rainwater
harvesting systems is that they help reduced the load placed upon drainage systems,

minimizing the impacts of flooding by funnelling the runoff water into large tanks for
recycling.
• Easy to maintain
Rainwater harvesting systems are considerably easy to maintain since they are not
utilized for drinking, cooking or other sensitive uses. This means that they will not
need installation of purification systems, which are usually expensive. Rainwater
harvesting systems are cost effective, provide high quality water, and reduce
dependence on wells. The surplus rainwater can also be used to recharge ground water
aquifer in society through artificial recharge techniques.
• Reduces erosion and flooding around society
The rainwater harvesting system will have a built-in catchment area on top of the roof,
which is capable of collecting vast amounts of water in case of rain storms. It will
help to reduce soil erosion as by capturing rainwater, the flow of storm water is
reduced which can also prevent flooding. If the water were not collected efficiently,
it could have resulted in serious soil erosion and flooding around the house.
Roof Top Rainwater Harvesting through Recharge Pit:
The surplus rain water after storage may be recharged in to ground through
percolation pits or trenches or combination of pits and trenches. Depending on the
geo-morphological and topographical conditions, the pits may be of the size of 1.2m
width X 1.2 m length X 2 m to 2.5 m depth. The trenches can be of 0.6 m width X 2
to 6 m length X 1.5 to 2 m depth. Terrace water shall be channelled to pits or trenches.
Such pits or trenches shall be back filled with filter media comprising the following
materials.
1. 40 mm stone aggregate as bottom layer up to 50% of the depth.

2. 20 mm stone aggregate as lower middle layer up to 20% of depth.
3. Coarse sand as upper middle layer up to 20 % of the depth.
4. A thin layer of fine sand as top layer.
5. Top 10 % of the pits will be empty and a splash is to be provided in this portion in
such a way that roof top water falls on the splash pad.
6. Brick masonry wall is to be constructed on the exposed surface of pits and cement
mortar plastered. The depth of wall below ground shall be such that the walls

prevents lose soil entering into pits. The projection of the wall above ground shall
at least be 15 cm.
7. Perforated concrete slabs shall be provided on the pits.
8. The terrace shall be connected to the recharge pit by means of hdpe/ PVC pipes
through filter media. The mouth of all pipes and opening shall be covered with
insect proof wire net. For the efficient discharge of rain water, there shall be at
least two rain water pipes of 100 mm dia. for roof of 100 sq.m.
Design of rainwater harvesting system for society:
An annual Rainfall of 741 mm occurs in Pune
Roof areas are as follows-
1. 283.955 Sq.m. – 2 buildings
2. 355.56 Sq.m.- 3 buildings
Design of building having an area of 283.955 Sq.m.
• Volume of water collected on roof per year –
283.95 x 741= 2, 10, 406 lit
Assuming 5% collected from impervious pavement and ground
Therefore, total water collected=
2,10,406 x 1.05=220927.29
Assuming 10 % losses
20 % of water to bore well
10 % to gardening
And 60 % of water for ground water recharge
Hence designing a pit for ground water recharge
Volume of water to be discharged to pit:
220927.29 x 0.6 =132556.37
Assuming rate of percolation 1500 lit/ m3/ day

Therefore, total volume of pit required
132556.37/ 1500 =88.37m3
Assuming dimension of pit as 2.5 x2.5 x 2.5 m
Total number of pits required 88.37/ 2.53 = 6
Design of building having an area of 355.56 Sq.m.
Volume of water collected on roof per year –
355.56x 741= 2, 63,469 lit
Assuming 5% collected from impervious pavement and ground
Therefore, total water collected = 263469.96x 1.05 = 276643.45
Assuming 10 % losses
20% of water to bore well
10 % to gardening
And 60 % of water for ground water recharge
Hence designing a pit for ground water recharge
Volume of water to be discharged to pit-
276643.45 x 0.6 =165986.07
Assuming rate of percolation 1500 lit/ m3/ day
Therefore, total volume of pit required
165986.07/ 1500 =110.65 m3
Assuming dimension of pit as 2.5 x2.5 x 2.5 m
Total number of pits required 110.65/ 2.53 = 7
Therefore, in total number of pits in the society
6+6+ 7+7+7 = 33
Design of pipes carrying rainwater

There should be at least two pipes of 100 mm dia. per 100 sq.m.of roof area. Hence
providing 3 pipes of 200 mm dia. for low class building having roof area of 283.95
sq.m. to carry rain water and 4 pipes of 200 mm dia. for medium class building
having roof area of 355.56 sq. m.
• Surface drains
Adequate number of surface drains will be provided at equal intervals for effective
discharge of rain water for the rain water flowing on the surfaces like pavements
and parking.
• Requires low upfront capital investment
Installation of rainwater harvesting system is not that expensive, plus it’s a one-time
installation, and that’s it. The only routine maintenance required is cleaning out the
tank. There will be an expert technician to install the system. A reduced amount of
water consumption in the home will be observed, thus all utility bills will greatly
shrink in size.
Fig.7.2: Roof top rain water harvesting through recharge pit

(Source: http://greenhomegroup.in/rain-water-harvesting/)
b) Water Sub Metering
Encouraging continuous monitoring to enhance water performance of the residential

society, thereby save potable water by providing water meters or a system in place to
measure Water Consumption from Municipal, Bore, Tanker water, Treated waste
water and any other sources.

Benefit -
• Water meters can help measure any deviations that can always be diagnosed and
corrected thereby reducing additional water costs.
Fig.7.3: Water sub metering

(Source: http://dev2.guardianwp.com/pages/services/water_submetering.aspx)
c) Water Efficient Fixtures
Enhancing efficiency of water fixtures, thereby minimizing potable water use.
Retrofit in Individual dwelling unit rest rooms
• Aerators for taps

• Shower heads with aerators
• Water closets with dual flush
Description
Installing green plumbing fixture in ‘Living in Group’ society is a crucial step towards
preventing excess water waste.
1) Efficiency Faucets-
These items can be installed on all the faucets in the flat in under an hour. They
provide the incredible benefit of decreasing water flow and boosting efficiency. It is
estimated that a good Water Sense efficiency faucet can reduce a sink flow by more
than 30 percent. That is an average decrease of 2.2 gallons per minute.
2) Low flush toilets-
Installing a Water Sense efficiency low flush toilet will cut that down to nearly one
gallon. That is an 80 percent savings that will decrease flushed water to just 20 gallons

a day. single-flush toilets also consume significantly more water than their
alternatives, making them more harmful on the environment and costly for water bill.
Dual-flush toilets, by comparison, use much less water and are considered to be
environmentally friendly. Using one can lead to lower water bills, saving your
household money over time. Modern dual flush toilets use only 3/6 litres of water per
flush. This is up to 9 litters less than single flush toilets. Also, aerators for shower
heads and taps will be installed.
The Financial Benefits of These Fixtures-
Hence all buildings in the society will have these water efficient green plumbing
fixtures.
3) Washing Machines (Front loading) –
In general, front loading washing machines are much more water efficient than top-
loading machines. Society laundry will consist of front loading washing machines.
Benefits
• Ensures 20-30% water saving by installing low flow fixtures

• Less dependency on potable water for flushing requirements by using treated waste
water
• Reduces the load on the wastewater treatment facilities and the need for
wastewater treatment infrastructure
d) On-Site STP
Waste water generated on-site will be treated, so as to avoid polluting the receiving
streams by safe disposal and reduce the burden on centralised municipal water
treatment plants. Therefore, provision of an on-site treatment system to treat waste
water generated in the site.
Description of Sewage treatment plant: Untreated sewage is one of the major sources
of pollution. Current practice of sewage treatment which involves long distance
conveyance, requires substantial expenditure. Therefore, as a good practice, many
decentralized sewage treatment plants of small capacity rather than a very few of large
capacity are advisable. All new developments must build in water recycling and zero
liquid discharge system.

Selection of appropriate sewage treatment technology:
Selecting a proper sewage treatment plant is an important task which should take
following points into consideration:
Table 7.1
(Sewage Treatment Process Selection Considerations)
Consideration Goal
Quality of Treated Production of treated water of stipulated quality

Sewage without interruption
Power requirement Reduce energy consumption
Land required Minimize land requirement
Capital Cost of Plant Optimum utilization of capital
Operation & Lower recurring expenditure
Maintenance costs
Maintenance requirement Simple and reliable
Operator attention Easy to understand procedures
Reliability Consistent delivery of treated sewage
Resource Recovery Production of quality water and manure
Load Fluctuations Withstand variations in organic and hydraulic loads
SBR technology is provided in the residential society, details of which are given
below:
Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) technology consists fill-and-draw process which

incorporates all the features of activated sludge treatment plant. It is a fill-and-draw batch
aerobic suspended growth (activated sludge) process.
Process Description
Primary Treatment:
1) Screen Chamber:
Screen chamber helps to remove floating particles from sewage. Screens with clear
openings retains floating materials such as waste paper, plastic bags, etc. from entering

the aeration tank. After passing through the screen chamber, effluent shall be collected
in equalization tank.
2) Equalization tank:
Raw sewage gets collected into equalization tank. The purpose of the equalization tank
is to equalize, collect the raw sewage and to counter the effect of peak load.
Secondary Treatment:
2) SBR Reactor:
The complete process of sewage treatment takes in a single reactor.The complete
biological operation is divided into cycles. Each cycle is of 3 – 5 hrs duration, during
which all treatment steps take place. Two modules are provided to ensure continuous
treatment. Following operations are involved in SBR reactor:
⚫ Anoxic Filling
⚫ Aeration
⚫ Sedimentation/clarification
⚫ Decantation
⚫ Sludge withdrawal
Fig. 7.4: Schematic Diagram of a Sequencing Batch Reactor -

A Continuous Process “In Batch”
Tertiary Treatment:
1) Pressure Sand Filter:
From SBR, sewage passes through pressure sand filter. The residual suspended matter
left in the treated sewage are removed in the sand filter by passing through layers of
graded sand present in the sand filter. This may help removal of suspended particles
contributing colour and odour.
2) Activated Carbon Filter:

From pressure sand filter, the treated sewage passes through the activated carbon filter
which contains granular carbon which adsorbs the residual organic matter i.e. residual
colour and odour.
3) Chlorine dosing:
The sewage after filtration is given proper chlorine dosing to prevent disease causing
organisms commonly found in waste water.
4) Treated water tank: Treated water is stored in this tank.

5) Sludge Handling System:
The liquid sludge is dewatered in a filter press by solid-liquid separation. The filtrate
from centrifuge is recycled back to equalization tank and the thick sludge can be used
as fertilizer. The treated water can be used for irrigation, gardening, floor washing,
machine washing, toilet flushing, firefighting etc., which in turn reduces cost of intake
water.
Fig. 7.5:SBR process flow chart
Advantages:
1. Excellent effluent quality.
2. Optimization of energy through control of metabolism.
3. Biological nutrient (N&P) removal.
4. Ability to withstand high organic and hydraulic shock loads.
5. It acquires less space compared to conventional sewage treatment plants.
6. High degree of coliform removal.

7. No return activated sludge stream required.

8. Cost effective.
Disadvantages:
1. Comparatively high energy consumption.
2. Skilled operators needed.
3. No energy production.
4. Requires uninterrupted power to run.
Cost and area calculation:
One-time cost of installation is bifurcated into civil and electromechanical. Effective

life of plants is considered 20 years for calculation of the present investment requirement
to meet the O & M. The maintenance cost is further trifurcated into electricity cost; cost
of manpower and cost of maintenance is given in cost definition section.
Table 7.2
(Average cost per KLD for SBR technology)

Cost per KLD(INR) SBR
Civil 10714
Electro-Mechanical 13044
Electricity 15126
Manpower 31107
Maintenance 8864
Total Investment Cost 78856
• Total number of people in the society 2900(Including 100 staff workers)

• Average per capita water consumption 150 lpcd
• Total sewage generated 2900*150*0.8= 348 kld
• Type of sewage treatment plant SBR
• Average area required 350-400 m2 (approx.)
• Average capital cost Rs.1 crore
• Total annual O&M cost Rs.1 lakh 50 thousand
Benefits

• Avoids aquifer contamination problems

• Brings self-sufficiency with respect to water needs.
• The local aquifer is conserved as a water resource for future generations.
e) Automatic water level controllers:
Encouraging continuous monitoring to conserve water consumption, thereby
reducing associated adverse environmental impacts by installing Water Level
Controllers on the overhead tanks
Benefit - Reduction in water & energy consumption
Fig.7.6: Automatic Water Level Controllers for Over Head Tanks
(Source -https://www.tradeindia.com/fp3622536/Automatic-Water-Level-
Controllers.html)
7.1.4 Energy Conservation
a) CFC Free Appliances

Avoid use of ozone depleting refrigerants and gases which have negative impact
on the environment by zero use of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) refrigerants in
Heating, Ventilation & Air-conditioning (HVAC) equipment and Unitary Air-
Conditioners installed in the building(s) And Use of minimum BEE 3 star rated
Air Conditioners in Common Areas Viz., Club House, Gym, Community Hall or
other appropriate areas
Benefits:
• Reduces adverse health impacts

• Protects the ozone layer from further depletion

b) Efficient Lighting Fixtures

Optimise energy consumption, to reduce negative environmental impacts from
excessive energy use as CFLs/ LEDs/ T5s will be used for at least 25% of all street
& common area lighting
Description
LEDs don’t heat up like incandescent, and they last longer and are more
energy efficient than both traditional bulbs and CFLs. Cost pays itself back within
five years of installation, if not sooner, for LED fixtures and bulbs can last for ten
years, if not more. An LED light bulb can reduce energy consumption by 80-90%
and last around 100,000 hours. They even light up faster than regular bulbs
Natural light through well-placed windows, skylights and translucent wall panels.
Even without skylights and bay windows, architects can make light reflect deep
into an interior space through strategic design and placement of windows. If we
all had proper sources of natural light, we would spend a lot less on our energy
bills.
Benefits-
• Reduced energy bills.

• Energy cost savings with payback time of 1-2 years.
• Reduced environmental impacts.
c) Solar Power for Street/common Area Lighting

Promotion of self-sufficiency in energy through renewable technologies, to
minimise the environmental impacts associated with the use of fossil fuel energy.
Centralized or Local Solar PV system to cater at least 70% of street/common area
lighting will be installed.
Description - All the exterior lighting including lighting for parks, interior roads,
walkways will be powered by solar energy through Stand Alone Solar-PV Street
Lights

Fig. 7.7: Stand Alone Solar-PV Street Lights

(Source-http://www.vorks.com/solarstreetlight.htm)
Benefits-
• Reduced energy bills.

• Energy cost savings with payback time of 1-2 years.
• Reduced environmental impacts.
d) Energy Metering
Encouraging sub-metering and continuous monitoring to identify improvement
opportunities in building’s energy performance. Provision of energy meters for the
following, as applicable
• Street lighting
• Measuring power consumption in Club house
Benefit - Reduction in energy consumption, thereby reducing associated adverse

environmental impacts.
e) Solar Water Heating Systems

Encouraging use of alternative sources of energy for water heating applications, to
minimize the environmental impacts of using fossil fuels. In the ‘Living in Group’
society solar water heating (SWH) system to cater hot water requirements for
domestic usage will be provided.
Description - Solar energy is not only an energy, and a renewable energy. It is rich
in resources, because of not only it’s free use, but also it needn’t to be transported,
and it produces no pollution to environment. The early solar building just passed
light and heat of the sun in order to light and heat the building. But now, green

building obtains solar energy by adopting “active”. Active solar energy is the
technology used to directly convert solar energy into another form of useful
energy, such as electricity or heat conversion. ‘Living in Group’ society will
consist of Solar Water Heating and Roof Top Photovoltaic System as a part of
active solar. Solar water heating system will be installed on the roof of every
building. Hot water at 60-80°C could be obtained using solar water heater.
Hundred-litre capacity solar water heating can replace an electric geyser for
residential use and saves 1500 units of electricity annually. Use of 1000 SWH’s of
hundred litres capacity each can contribute to a peak load saving of 1 MW.
Estimates of requirements of hot water - some useful thumb rules
Table 7.3 - Requirements of hot water
Application Typical Requirement of Hot Water at

60oC.
Household bathing using buckets 10-20 litres per person per bath.
Household bathing using shower with a 20-30 litres for 10-15-minute bath
mixing tap
Shaving, while a tap runs 7-10 litres
Household bathing in bathtub (one filling) 50-75 litres
Wash basin with a mixing tap (hand wash, 3-5 litres per person per day.
brushing of teeth, etc.)
Kitchen washing 2-3 litres per person per day.
Dishwasher 40-50 litres per wash cycle
Clothes washing machine 40-50litres per cycle
Fig. 7.8: Centralized Solar Hot Water System

(Source-https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/solar-water-heating-system-
14153859373.html)
Taking into consideration the above thumb rules a family of 5 person requires
an average of 175-250 litres of hot water daily. Typically, for an Indian make system
with single BIS approved flat plate collector of 2 sq. m area will capacity of 100 litres,
the current market costs are reported to be in the range of Rs. 15,000-20,000, excluding
the distribution piping. However, this range is indicative, and could vary from
manufacturer to manufacturer.
An average middle-class family of 5 person consumes 175 litres of hot water

daily. So, a building with 72 families will require 12600 litres of hot water daily. It is
always recommended to provide a SWH system of less capacity than required. Hence,
each building will be provided with a SWH system which will heat 12000 litres of
water daily. C wing building will have capacity of heating 14000 litres of water.
Table 7.4 - Roof top area occupied by each wing
Roof Top Area Area occupied by solar

Wing
(SQ.M) (SQ.M)
A 283.95 240
B 355.56 240
C 537.66 280
‘Living in Group’ Society uses Passive solar technologies by taking advantage of

the sun’s light and heat without the use of any mechanical or electrical devices. Also
termed ‘daylighting,’. Walls, windows and floors of buildings to collect the sun’s energy
during winter months and reject it during the summer months.
Key aspects of passive solar design in society include
1. Appropriate Window placement,

2. Use of thermal mass, and (Thermal mass is a solid or liquid material that will store
warmth and coolness until it is needed within a space. Thermal masses include
water, brick, tile, concrete, clay and adobe.)
3. Appropriate solar orientation. Examples are listed below:
• Large, south-facing windows which allow for maximum sun exposure

• Open interior spaces which allow sunlight to travel within an interior

• Correct building orientation as well as window placement and summer rooftop
shading can allow for more or less sunlight to enter into a space depending on
the specific season
Benefits-
• Helps in substantially reducing energy bills and mitigating carbon emissions.

• SWH’s save electricity and thus money, Electricity is becoming more and more
expensive and its availability is becoming unreliable.
• Solar water heaters are non-polluting.
• Solar water heaters are safer than electric geezers as they are located on the roof.
• Domestic solar water heating system does not need significant maintenance
requirements.
• Occasional leakages in the plumbing could be easily repaired by common
plumbers.
• Solar Water Heater, since it stores hot water in an insulated tank, provides water
all the time when required
7.1.5 Waste Management

a. Waste Segregation
Facilitate segregation of waste at source to encourage reuse or recycling of materials,
thereby avoiding waste being sent to land-fills. The society will have system to collect
dry waste and wet waste (organic waste) in each dwelling unit separately. Also, the
society will provide a separate bin for medical waste in the common area.
Description - Solid waste management for ‘Living in Group’ society consists of a refuse
chute for collecting solid waste and composter for composting bio-degradable material.
Following table shows how to handle the solid waste at its source of generation. In our
society provision will be made to handle only biodegradable waste.
Types of solid wastes –
There are two types of solid wastes known as Wet waste and Dry waste.
Wet waste (Biodegradable) includes the following:

• Kitchen waste including food waste of all kinds, cooked and uncooked, including
eggshells and bones
• Flower and fruit waste including juice peels and house-plant waste
• Garden sweeping or yard waste consisting of green/dry leaves
• Sanitary wastes
• Green waste from vegetable & fruit vendors/shops
• Waste from food & tea stalls/shops etc.
Dry waste (Non-biodegradable) includes the following:
• Paper and plastic, all kinds

• Cardboard and cartons
• Containers of all kinds excluding those containing hazardous material
• Packaging of all kinds
• Glass of all kinds
• Metals of all kinds
• Rags, rubber and discarded clothing, furniture and equipment
• House sweeping (dust etc.)
• Ashes
• Foils, wrappings, pouches, sachets and tetra packs (rinsed)
• Discarded electronic items from offices, colonies viz. cassettes,
• computer diskettes, printer cartridges and electronic parts.
Fig 7.9: Flow chart of SWM

Following are the components of solid waste management system in society.
1) Segregated Garbage Chute

Product Details:
• Approx. cost : Rs 24,000 / Piece

• Brand : Ecotech
• Material : Stainless Steel
• Application : In society, industries
Ecotech chutes represents an innovative solution to waste disposal and management
issues in office and apartment buildings, hospital, malls, hotels, restaurants and other
multipurpose complexes.
Fig. 7.10: Refuse Chute Fig. 7.11: Opening

(Sources- https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/standard-garbage-chute-
9812661197.html and http://www.elephantsfoot.com.au/products/chutes/waste-and-
recycling-diverter)
Garbage chute provides a way efficient method for handling garbage in all types of
buildings. Garbage from all the floors gets collected at a single point at ground floor.
Thus, saving the cost of manpower.
New Government regulations require us to collect and dispose of dry waste

(recyclable waste) and wet waste (biodegradable waste) separately. Segregated
Garbage Chutes enables handling and segregation of Dry and Wet garbage using
one chute. Hence saving space and cost of installing two chutes. It can easily be
installed in any duct, common lobby, landing, staircase, mid landing, utility duct,
dry balcony and kitchen. It provides single point collection

Features of Segregated Garbage Chute:
• Easy to use selection panels on each door/floor.

• Dry and Wet garbage gets collected in separate trollies in collection room on
ground floor.
• Heavy gauge stainless steel used throughout.
• Self-closing bottom hinged intake doors
• Door interlocking enables only one user at a time thus increasing safety.
• Quick response time when changing positions
• Standard Electric Components
• Full function control station located at collection room.
• Automatic Cleaning system to clean the chute from inside.
• Timer operated exhaust system to keep chute odour free.
• Modular Design
One chute will be provided for each building for collecting Dry and Wet waste
separately. Opening will be provided at each floor to receive waste.
Cost estimation –
Table 7.5 - Number of chutes
Building No. of chutes

C-1 1
B-1 1
B-2 1
B-3 1
A-1 1
A-2 1
Total 6
Calculation -
Approx. cost: Rs 24,000 / Piece

No of pieces = Tot. Ht./ ht. of one piece = 70/3 = 24 Nos
Cost = Cost per piece x no. of pieces x no. of bldg. = 24000 x 24 x 6 = Rs.34, 56,000/-

Benefits-
• Reduces the burden on landfills

• Encourages the manufacturing industry to re-utilize waste materials
• Facilitates local municipal corporations to generate power from waste.
b. Organic Waste Management

The society will ensure effective organic waste management, so as to prevent such
waste being sent to land-fills.
Description - Organic Waste Composter Eco 25
Product Details:
• Approx. Price : Rs 2 Lakh / Unit
• Brand : Ecotech
• Capacity (Kg/day) : 25 to 1250
• Grade : Fully-Automatic
• Material : SS
• Type of Waste : Food waste disposer
• Temperature display : Digital
• Application : In industries, society
Ecotech's "Eco Composter" provides an efficient solution for composting of Wet
waste/Organic waste in societies, Canteens, Resorts, Restaurants etc. It is available in
various capacities from 25 kg to 1250 kg waste per day.
Fig. 7.12: Composter
(Source-https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/food-waste-composter-for-housing-
societies-14097184312.html)

Ecotech’s Organic Waste Composter is designed to make composting easy and

convenient. It’s fully automatic and has very compact and aesthetic design. Ecotech’s
OWC is equipped with intuitive technology which maintains the right temperature,
air flow and moisture. A special bacterium which is heat, salt and acid resistant is
used. Once the bacteria are introduced into the machine they reproduce at a rapid pace
under ideal internal condition.
When organic waste is filled in the composter, increase in moisture level is detected
by a sensor which starts the heating system. As the temperature increases, it activates
the bacteria which breaks down organic waste into compost. At the same time,
moisture in waste is converted into water vapour which is vented through blower into
the drain. This results in nearly 85% volume reduction in compost formed. The
temperature is our composter is high enough that even dairy, fish and meat are easily
composted. The constant temperature and air flow prevent odour and pest problem.
The Composter needs to be emptied only once a week and the compost can be used
in the garden or can be sold.
Cost estimation –
Table 7.6 - Accumulation of biodegradable waste per day
No. of flats / Biodegradable

Wing No. of occupants
families waste (kg/day)
C-1 72 360(1) 85
B-1,2,3 216 1080 253
A-1,2 216 1080 253
Total 591
Note - 5 number of occupant per family is considered
Calculation -
Pune city
Population - 31.2lakh (2011 census) > 20, 00,000
Total waste generation - 0.55kg/cap/day
Biodegradable - 42.51%

Eco composter has capacity of 1000kg/day

Daily waste generated - 591kg say 600kg
No of composter - Waste generated/capacity = 600/1000-0.6 say 1
So, 1 composter is required for society
Cost = Cost per unit x no. of composter = 2 x 1 = Rs.2 lakhs.
Total cost of solid waste management = Cost of chutes + Cost of Eco composter
= 34,56,000 + 2,00,000
= Rs.36,56,000/-
Benefits-
• Reduces the requirement for fertilizers

• Minimizes transportation of such waste to long distance landfill sites
7.1.6 Other Innovative Practices
a) Green building materials

Utilizing Green Building Materials make for wonderful Green Building Concepts and
‘Living in Group’ society incredibly eco-friendly. According to IGBC, this society
can gain some points due to use of local materials, recycled materials and low VOC
paints under innovative practices
Following green building materials can be used in ‘Living in Group’ society-
1. Autoclaved Aerated Concrete blocks

AAC blocks are extremely resource efficient and environment friendly.
Advantages of AAC blocks-
• Fire resistant- they offer fire resistance from 2 hours upto 6 hours.
• Pest resistant- it consists of inorganic materials that helps preventing termites,
damages/losses.
• Sound proof- the porous structure of the AAC blocks results into enhanced
sound absorption.
• Earthquake resistant- lightweight property results into higher steadiness of
AAC blocks in the structure of building

Fig 7.13: Benefits of AAC block

1. Faster construction- AAC blocks come with larger size and fewer joints and they
are easy to handle.
2. Long lasting- they are manufactured from non-biodegradable materials hence
more durable and highly superior in terms of strength.
3. Non-toxic
4. Thermal insulation- it helps maintaining the inner temperature to be warm during
the winters and cool during the summers which ultimately leads to savings in air
conditioning load and consequently enhanced energy efficiency.
5. Moisture resistance
During the manufacturing process, waste from the cutting process is recycled
back with raw materials and used again. AAC uses about 60 to 75 % fly ash which is
waste product. Energy consumed in production process is less than 1/3 times energy
compared to conventional bricks. The manufacturing process emits no pollutants.
Cost - Rs.3000 per cubic meters.
The reduced dead weight of AAC block results into reduction of the use of
cement and steel which helps great in cost savings. According to comparative study
of AAC block masonry and conventional brick masonry, 40% cost can be saved in
overall project cost.
2. Tiles-
Vitrified tiles are preferred because of their local availability and economical
compared to other tiles. Hence vitrified tiles can be used in low and medium class

buildings. Leather tiles and wooden tiles are environment friendly but very costly
compared to vitrified tiles. Hence these tiles can be used in medium high-class
buildings.
3. Eco-friendly paints-
Lead-free, non-toxic, protective coating paints for interiors and exteriors of
the buildings in ‘Living in Group’ society are used to improve air circulation,
ventilation and longevity. Hence low VOC paints will be preferred in this society.
VOC’s stands for organic volatile compounds, which are chemical compounds
emitted from most paints and can affect human health. Low VOC paints are usually
odourless and have no chemical solvents, so they will greatly improve indoor air
quality.
Water based acrylics are durable and non-toxic. Asian paint is now providing
high quality interior / exterior water-based paints. water based Asian paints like
Royale lustre which is extremely durable, odourless paint, stain resistance, highly
washable, anti-fungal, quick drying paint can be used in interior of the buildings in
‘‘Living in Group’ society’. Cement paints are environment friendly, has very low
VOC, is easy to apply, while being highly economic. It also has a good covering
capacity, easy mixing character, better resistance to crazing, map cracking and
microbial growth. These paints are locally available.
Cost- Rs.280 / lit (oil-based paints), Rs.270 / lit (water-based paints).
3.6% cost is saved. Low class and medium class buildings can be painted by
Asian water-based paints. Nerolac paints offers Eco-paints which are costly
compared to Asian water-based paints. But they are highly durable and environment
friendly. Medium high-class building can be painted by Nerolac Eco-paints. Cost-
Rs.450 /lit.
b) Prefabricated material:
Environmental pollution is a challenge being faced by us. We attempt to solve
these problems in order to improve the environmental sustainability of green
building projects by using different construction methods. Prefabricated
construction is one of the environmental sustainability method. In building design

and construction, both green building and standard construction techniques are
considered for many building projects.
The use of precast members has been implied to have numerous compensations
over the conventional methods. A few patterns of such kind could be reduction in
resource deployment, material wastage, less volume of materials to be used, which
intern creates the environmental and site cleanliness over the safety, time of
completion of the project, which are the core management observations. All these
factors discussed indicate and denote that the use of precast is much more
economical, safe compared to that of conventional system.
One important aspect of this perspective is the influence of prefabrication on
construction waste reduction and the subsequent waste handling activities, including
waste sorting, reuse, recycle, and disposal. So we are using prefabricated material
for construction of slab only.
Some of the advantages of prefabricated materials are as follows:
a) Eco-Friendly:
Traditional construction methods require extra materials that lead to
increased waste. This is a considerable improvement over sending waste directly
to a landfill from a traditional construction site. Also, the controlled environment
of a factory allows for more accurate construction, tighter joints and better air
filtration, which in turn allows for better wall insulation and an increase in energy
efficiency.
b) Financial Savings:
One of the greatest advantages of prefabricated construction would be
financial savings. Studies report savings associated with green building including
gains in employee productivity, reduction in health and safety costs, and savings
from energy, maintenance, and operational costs. Additionally, the reduction in
construction time can significantly save on construction financing costs.
Maintenance and energy savings are some other potential benefits of green
buildings. (Fowler, 2004).
c) Flexibility:
Prefabricated construction can be easily be disassembled and relocated to
different sites. This significantly reduces the demand for raw materials, minimizes
expended energy and decreases time overall. Also, prefabricated construction

allows for flexibility in the design of the structure allowing for a limitless number
of opportunities.
d) Consistent Quality:
Since prefabricated construction occurs in a controlled manufacturing
environment and follows specified standards, the sub-assemblies of the structure
will be built to a uniform quality. Construction site-built structures are dependent
upon varying skill levels and the schedules of independent contractors. These all
contribute to the craftsmanship and overall quality of given structure.
e) Shorter Construction Time:
Portable construction takes significantly less time to build than on-site
construction. In many instances, prefabrication takes less than half the time when
compared to traditional construction. This is due to better upfront planning,
elimination of on-site weather factors, subcontractor scheduling delays and
quicker fabrication as multiple pieces can be constructed simultaneously. Precast
construction technique enhanced the quality of work, save time, reduced the cost
of construction required for maintenance of work.
f) Precast concrete is healthy:
Indoor air quality is a concern for all of us. Precast concrete is stable
throughout its life and does not need chemical treatment to protect it against rot
and insect attack: this means that there are no emissions in the internal
environment.
g) Precast concrete is safe
Everybody knows that concrete does not burn! Not only is the structural
stability maintained for longer periods, but concrete construction prevents the
spread of the fire from one building to another. It is sufficiently strong to resist
impacts, blasts and natural catastrophes like earthquakes, tornadoes and floods.
h) Precast concrete is versatile:
Factory production allows a wide choice of surface finishing, color range
and special shapes. Precast concrete has another advantage: its mould ability which
entails designers to copy classical details like keystones and capitals or match the
finish of materials like weathered stones. The precast concrete industry can source
a wide range of aggregates locally and offer a tremendous variety of colours and
visual effects. So, the prefabricated material for slab is used in our construction.

7.2 National Benefits
Green Residential Societies can also result in substantial National benefits which are:
• Water Conservation
• Handling of House -hold Waste
• Energy Efficiency
• Reduced Use of Fossil Fuels
• Reduced Dependency on Virgin Materials
7.3 IGBC Rating System
7.3.1 Checklist
IGBC Green Residential Societies Rating System – CHECKLIST
Table 7.7 - IGBC credits earned by society
Credit Code Credits Total

Credits Points Earned credits
by
Society
Facility Management (FM)
FM Credit 1 No Smoking in Common Areas 3 3
FM Credit 1 Maintenance of Facility 4 4
FM Credit 3 Basic Amenities 2 2
FM Credit 4 Green Housekeeping in common areas 0 1
FM Credit 5 Green Education for Occupants 1 1
FM Credit 6 Minimize Heat Exposure – Roof: 30, 40, …… 4 (60%) 6
80%
FM Credit 7 Covered External Lighting Fixtures: 50, 75, 0 (0%) 3
95%
FM Credit 8 Design for Differently Abled 3 3
FM Credit 9 Facilities for Health & Wellbeing 2 2
TOTAL 25 19 25

Sustainable Water Practices (SWP)

SWP Credit 1 Rain Water Harvesting: 10, 20, ……100% 7 (70%) 10
SWP Credit 2 Landscape Areas: 20, 25, …… 40% 0 5
SWP Credit 3 Water Sub Metering 4 4
SWP Credit 4 Water Efficient Fixtures: 40, 50, ……, 90% 5 (80%) 6
SWP Credit 5 On-Site STP: 50, 75, 95% 3(90%) 3
SWP Credit 6 Automatic water level controllers 1 1
TOTAL 29 19 29
Energy Conservation (EC)
EC Credit 1 CFC Free Appliances 3 3
EC Credit 2 Efficient Lighting Fixtures: 25, 50, 75, 95% 1 (25%) 4
EC Credit 3 Solar power for street & Common Area 6 (70%) 7
Lighting: 20, 30 ……. 80%
EC Credit 4 Energy metering 2 2
EC Credit 5 Solar Water Heating Systems: 20, 30. …… 6 (70%) 6
70%
TOTAL 22 18 22
Waste Management (WM)
WM Credit 1 Waste Segregation 4 4
WM Credit 2 Organic Waste Management - 20, 40, 60, 80, 5 (90%) 5
90%
WM Credit 3 E-waste Management 0 1
TOTAL 10 9 10
Innovative Practices (IP)
IP Credit 1 Exceptional Green Practices
IP Credit 1.1 Water Meters for Dwelling units (50, 75, 0 3
100%)
IP Credit 1.2 Reuse of treated waste water for landscaping 0 1
IP Credit 1.3 Fresh water treatment plant 0 1
IP Credit 1.4 Electric charging points for vehicles in 0 2
common areas (2.5%, 5%)

IP Credit 1.5 LPG/CNG Gas geysers for water heating (20, 0 2

40%)
IP Credit 1.6 Day-Light / Motion Sensors in common areas 0 1
IP Credit 2 IGBC Accredited Professional 0 1

IP Credit 3 Other Innovative practices 2 3
TOTAL 14 2 14
Credits earned 67 100
Fig 7.14: Credit distribution
7.3.2 Benefits of Green Residential Societies Rating System
• 20-30% reduction in Energy cost
• 30-50% reduction in Water requirement

• Improved health & wellbeing of occupants
7.4 Green Building Recognition
The threshold criteria for certification levels are as under:

• Certification Level Points Recognition
• Different levels of green building certification are awarded based
on the total credits earned.
The various levels of rating awarded are:
Table 7.8 - Levels of ratings
Certified 30 – 39 Best Practices

Silver 40 – 49 Outstanding Performance
Gold 50 – 64 National Excellence
Platinum 65 & above Global Leadership
Thus, the ‘Living in Group’ society with 69 credits will get Platinum rating with
recognition of Global Leadership.

8 Smart Building
8.1 Need for Smart Building
The following attributes indicates the need for various technology and management
systems in ‘Living in Group’ society. The successful integration of these systems will
produce three dimensions of building intelligence.
1. Building should know what is happening inside and immediately outside.
2. Building should decide the most effective way of providing a convenient,
comfortable and productive environment for its occupants.
3. Building should respond as quickly as possible to the occupant’s requests.
Se
Fig 8.1: Major aspects of smart building
8.2 Major Aspects of Smart Building-
8.2.1 Smart Application
There will be an app for smart phone users which will be developed for the members of
society. All the details of medical records of residents will be noted in the app. Also birth
of new born baby will be noted which will remind about vaccination of baby through
notifications on their cell phones. If someone is having a health issue, the app will remind
about medication, when to have it and at what time/ day it was taken previously. The app
will also remind to pay off bills and through app one can easily pay electricity bills, mess

charges, maintenance charges, laundry charges etc. Booking of function hall and car cab
system will be done through the app on first cum first basis.
8.2.2 Security
As this society is specially for dual earner couples, the security of their children and
grandparents is major issue. Hence following systems are adopted for security in the
society. The security system includes controlling access, surveillance and communication.
1. Access control
Access control restricts how and when people enter and/or exit an area. For example,
low class building people cannot enter in high class building without permission.
Access Control Systems allow people or vehicles into a restricted area of a building
via identification through a supervisor. Systems can be programmed to allow certain
users to enter the gym and swimming pool facility only at certain times. All the
residents are allowed to enter locations like club House, park, track, temple, grounds
at all times.
2. Swipe Card Access System
Swipe Card Access System allows entrance to a secured area, through the "swiping"
of a pre-programmed card with magnetic strip through a reader. All people in this
society will be use swipe card keys for their flat to ensure more security purpose.
8.2.3 Life Safety and Surveillance
This consists of the use of high technology to maximize the performance of fire alarm and
security systems while at the same time minimizing costs. Life safety factors involved in
all 6 buildings include:
• Reduced manpower dependence,
• Closed-circuit television(CCTV),
• Card access control,
• Smoke detection,
• Intrusion alarms,
• Emergency control of lift,
• Uninterruptible power supplies.
Many Building Automation System have alarm capabilities. If an alarm is detected, it can
be programmed to notify all members in this society. Notification will be given through
an audible alarm. Security systems can be interlocked to a building automation system.

8.2.4 Fire Safety

This system deals with the Fire Alarm System, the Emergency Lighting and the Smoke
Evacuation System. As the all buildings are of 20 floors, it is very necessary to take into
account of fire protection system. Fire protection system pumps water to the areas where
the fire occurs, so as to douse it automatically through sprinkler bulbs and also manually
through the fire brigade. Sufficient water pressure should be maintained throughout. Early
warning systems like smoke detection systems, detects the fire at a very early stage and
pinpoint to the caretaker where exactly it is occurring, so that there are adequate fire
extinguishers provided on each floor.
8.2.5 Cabling
Separate cabling within a building is typically provided for each system requiring
communications interaction, i.e., separate cables are provided for telephones, local area
networks, building automation, fire systems and elevator controls, depending on the
systems in the structure. In the ‘Living in Group’ Society, individual cables will not be
needed because the communications systems will be integrated use the same type of
cabling wherever possible, so applications and cables are interchangeable over the lifetime
of the building.
8.2.6 Consolidated Communications
The concept of consolidated communications addresses the provision of a single
communications backbone throughout a building that uses smart building technologies. With
a single backbone, all communications requirements for the needs of the users and of the
building can be co-located. The resulting single communications path will be smaller and
much less costly than the aggregate of individual paths that would otherwise be needed and
ensures that spare capacity can be consolidated between all applications. This single,
consolidated communications infrastructure will also use a limited number of different cable
types. The need for specialized wiring types is applicable only to special applications. If all
systems use the same wiring, spare capacity can be shared among all systems.
8.2.7 Electrical Demand Control
No energy management program can be effective unless critical energy consuming areas
are monitored individually and allow the energy management program the required
intervention
capabilities such as turning lifts on/off or limiting its capacity where possible through
electrical load shedding or load stabilization routines.

8.2.8 Program Scheduling

The ability to schedule operation of any significant energy consuming equipment on the
basis of season, occupancy load, time of day, statutory holidays, daytime natural light
visibility, etc. is possibly the most significant energy saving feature to incorporate in the
building.
8.3 Advantages of Smart Building concept adopted in ‘Living in Group’ society-
1. Higher level of security and safety

2. Simplified operation for users and administrators
3. Simpler staff tracking
4. Reduced administration costs
5. Smartcards-single card for security and cash transactions
6. Reduced system costs by sharing infrastructure
7. Information can be delivered to all the interested parties in the manner they need
8.4 Environmental Benefits of ‘Living in Group’ society-
A Smart building starts with an environmentally friendly design. It creates a project

that is environmentally friendly and energy efficient ties in closely with many of the
intelligent attributes. Smart buildings are designed for long-term sustainability and
minimal environmental impact through the selection of recycled and recyclable materials,
construction, maintenance and operations procedures. Providing the ability to integrate
building controls, optimize operations, and enterprise level management results in a
significant enhancement in energy efficiency, lowering both cost and energy usage
compared to non-intelligent projects.

9 SOCIO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
Socio – economics feasibility in ‘Living in Group’ society is related to both social

and economic impacts and it involves the relationship between social and economic
factors within the society. These are the factors that influence how a particular group or
socio-economic class acts within the society including their actions as consumers. Study
of socio- economic feasibility of ‘Living in Group’ society includes what opportunities
are available or not available, as well as beliefs regarding the direction individual’s life
should go. Study of socio –economic feasibility of ‘Living in Group’ society includes the
social and economic benefits that can be achieved in ‘Living in Group’ society.
9.1 Benefits of ‘Living in Group’ Society-
Now a day in the metropolitan cities scarcity of space is one of the big problem
which directly effects on increased inflation rate of flats in apartments. So ‘Living in
Group’ concept suggests solution to this problem by providing common room which is
remain unutilized most of time in working couple’s family. A successful economic
development strategy must focus on improving the skills of the provision of appropriate
area for living comfortable life with reduction of cost to complete thrive in today’s global
economy. So, to have more economical benefits concept of ‘Living in Group’ concept is
introduced. Along with the social benefits there are economic benefits too which are
discussed as follows:
In proposed ‘Living in Group’ society there is provision of 3 types of building

classified according to areas per flat. For the purpose of comparison, dimensions of
combined facilities such as living room and kitchen are taken into consideration.
Dimensions of these rooms are considered according to the wide analysis of sizes of rooms
in regular apartment system particularly in Pune area. Economic benefits are discussed on
the basis percentage area reduction per flats which ultimately leads to reduction in cost of
flat too.

Table 9.1 - Area comparison between conventional flats and LIG flats
Sum of area
of combined
Dimensions Sum of area Area
of kitchen kitchen,
No. of of rooms in reduc
Buildi & living living room
bedroo Combine tion
ng ms Convention room in & pantry in
al d flats in
type conventiona ‘Living in
in flat apartment l apartment perce
Group’
(ft.) (sq. ft.) ntage
society (sq.
ft.)
Living room
12’ X 14’
1BHK
1 Kitchen &1BHK 459.84 330.02 28.23
8.2’X7.5’
A
Living room.
14’X15’ 1BHK&2B
2 Kitchen- HK 513.3 365 28.9
9’X8.2’
Living room
16’X14’
2 Kitchen
10’X9.5’ 2BHK
Living room &3BHK
B 727
16’X18’
454.88 37.43
3 Kitchen
10’X12’
Living room
18’X20’ 2BHK
2 Kitchen &2BHK 940 589.21 37.34
10’X11’
Living room
18’X24’ 3BHK
C
3 Kitchen &3BHK 1150 648.41 43.61
11’X13’

9.2 Intangible Benefits due to Provided Facilities-
Dual earner couples have to spend much of time in office places and have to do
day’s hectic work. This type of lifestyle increases their stress level and also due to their
busy schedule they unable to find time to spend with other people which results create gap
between people. The ‘Living in Group’ society can give some intangible benefits which
help to reduce their stress level and binding relationship among other people which
improve their social quality of life.
Following are some intangible benefits due to provided facilities-
1. Kitchen-
In ‘Living in Group’ society there is provision of common kitchen and dining for
working couples and their family members. In society, each building comprises mega
kitchen and common dining facility which is situated at ground floor and 1st floor.
The main objective of providing this facility is to eliminate tedious and time-
consuming job of cooking for dual earner couple so due to this resident can spend
quality time with their family and maintain peaceful living in family and also can
enjoy healthy homemade food which helpful for maintaining their health.
This type of facility minimizes workload of household activity and also creates
some considerable economic benefits. In families, if couples are working then it will
become difficult for them to cook food for their family because of their high work
load. Also, for middle class family it will not be affordable to have a maid
individually. In this situation, they prefer food parcel stuffs from hotels and
restaurants which finds unhygienic and costly. Most of the times, they prefer mess for
food wherever it is available. So, the common kitchen facility in the society gives a
solution to this problem by providing hygienic food within affordable price. Also,
they would not have to go for longer distance which means indirectly there is a
reduction in transportation cost as common kitchen is available in the society itself.
This helps to step forward in economic development.
Other indirect benefit of this facility will be the residents in society share the
common dining hall therefore it can create opportunities for mixing with other
residents which can help to relief stressful life some extend. Also, this helps to
maintain good attachment to other people, good mental health and increasing

neighbouring relationship which create residential satisfaction, community

identification, civic participation.
2. Car cab system-
In ‘Living in Group’ society Car cab system is introduced to make the commuting to
workplace easier. Execution of this system can ultimately lead to long lasting
impacts on the economy. Direct benefits for travellers are:
1. Travel time savings
Faster travel and reduced waiting due to more frequent service helps in time savings
which increases productivity of individual’s work and flow of income.
2. Travel cost savings
Execution of this system helps to reduce transportation cost (including travel time,
consumption of fuel, vehicle operating cost, accidents and pollution damages).
Reduction in traffic congestion for those travelling by their own individual’s car,
leading to further direct travel cost saving for households.
3. Travelling safety improvement costs
Provision of car cab system may enhance safety by reducing collisions and associated
insurance cost, personal losses and emergency response cost.
Other economic benefits-
Because of this facility employment in society increases. In addition to that

provided car cab facility increases property value which has benefits in future.
Provision of facilities like day-care, gym, swimming pool, laundry in ‘Living in

Group’ society helps to reduce workload of working couples. Also, it will be helpful
to them in direct travel cost saving for household as it available in the society itself.
3. Day-care-
As dual earner couples have to spend much of time in their workplace and if
these couples have children then it is difficult to look those children after going to
their workplace. Some workings couple has a high work load thus they unable to
complete this responsibility effectively which may cause a huge impact on the future

successes of their children and also fails to give proper rites and ritual. So, child care
facility in housing society reduces above problems and help to maintain healthy
relationship between couple as they are free from their children responsibility during
work time and hence this enables the working couple to do continue work normally
without being interruption. This facility also useful for those single working mother
or father who have to work outside the home and need to care taker for their children
for full day time. On other hand this child care facility creates employment within
society as care taker or teacher or nannies required for taking care of children. The
first few years of a Childs life are important to form a basis for
good education, morality, self-discipline and social integration and these can achieve
by providing this facility.
4. Functional hall and temple (Festival and cultural program)
In society, residents are from different places and also from different religions
and community having their own cultures and festivals. Every people eager to
celebrate their own festivals but today’s world, people are too busy in their schedule
to have time for others. In our society function hall and temple gives flexibility to
celebrate different types of festivals and cultural program which give a reason to
enjoy, to mingle and to live a peaceful moment, away from stress and worries among
residents and helps to binds the people with different religion and community.
Festivals mend the broken hearts and bind the relationship. People have a fresh start,
leaving mistakes, worries behind, with new hope people look forward towards life. A
meaningful celebration can fill a person life with joy and love. Festivals are important
to give a meaningful boost to our lives, removing negativity and pressure, festivals
fill it with joy and peace. Every religion has different festivals and may be the reason
to celebrate them are different, but goal is same-to celebrate life.
Places where people can display their culture and identities and learn awareness of
diversity and difference which give opportunities for children and young people to
meet, play or simply ‘hang out’. All they will get important benefits and help to create
local attachments, which are at the heart of a sense of community.
5. First aid & medical facilities

In our society if any person suffering a sudden illness or injury, provided
first aid and medical facility help to preserve life, prevent the condition from

worsening, or to promote recovery. It includes initial intervention in a serious

condition prior to professional medical help being available.
6. Building for workers and their employment
As we know it is difficult to find shelter affordably in urban area for low income
group which work on daily basis. For those people our society provides
accommodation facility and giving employments which help to increase their living
standard results in great future for their children. By providing accommodation for
these people we can indirectly reduce slum development rate which help to improve
quality of their life, health, physical environment (for example the water supply,
sanitation, waste collection, electricity, drainage) and social wellbeing.
9.3 Benefits of Recreation Facility
In group living society with enough space for recreational facility like gym,
parks etc. can be source of improvement of physical as well as mental health of
residents. Old age people in urban area feels loneliness because they hardly find the
people with same age around them so by giving some recreational facility these old
people gather together and can take away their loneliness. Recreation facility in a
society is a place which can provide opportunities for social interaction, social mixing
and social inclusion, results in exchange of ideas, friendships, skills, help to
neighbourhood’s relation, cultural and economic exchanges occur and can facilitate
the development of community ties.
Neighbourhood
Residents in society share their living room with neighbour which results in
initiates for maintaining the neighbourhood relations. This neighbourhood relation
can increase the feeling of safety and security and can also give family support by
becoming the source of help and good advice which create satisfactory environment
among residents.
9.4 Intangible Benefits of Green Building-
Green new buildings can have tremendous benefits, both tangible and intangible,
includes a reduction in energy cost and potentially a healthier, more productive work
force. Sustainable design offers significant advantages in the areas of energy and
water use reduction, air quality improvement, and increased material efficiency.

Nonetheless, justifying green on cost analysis a complex process to be sure. There are
number of economic advantages to sustainable building, including such as immediate
savings in the area of utility cost.
In ‘Living in Group’ society some of the technology related to green buildings

such as green roof, rain water harvesting, green materials, solar system are proposed,
and economic benefits of these technologies are discussed as follows:
Green roof
Study of green roof concept shows that lifecycle cost of green roofs can be
retrieved in most of the markets around the world. Average initial costs are shorter
than lifespan of green roof. Provisions of some incentives, tax abatements, direct cash
rebate, low interest loans are made by government for construction of green roof.
Along with that there are some economic benefits through the reduction of energy
costs; it helps in saving money for the energy that is consumed in cooling system in
summer and winter heating system. Construction of green roof increases property
value also.
Rain water harvesting-

Installation of rain water harvesting system in ‘Living in Group’ society can reduce
water bill along with environmental impacts. Reusing filtered water from these
sources lead to noticeable reduction in cost and municipal water use.
Green construction materials
Proper use of green construction techniques in ‘Living in Group’ society will help
to maximize efficiency and minimize the use of resources; it will experience lower
utility cost, maintenance and operating cost and makes the building more durable.
Buildings with efficient layouts can reduce the cost of building materials and
construction waste. Additionally, by utilizing efficient heating, ventilating, and air
conditioning (HVAC) equipment, the building relies more on passive strategies for
heating and cooling, thereby cutting the cost of equipment. Financial incentives from
local utility companies are also possible for buildings that utilize sustainable design
strategies.

10 CONCLUSION
Role conflicts, stress and strain arise in managing the professional and personal
obligations among dual careers which affect their career and goals. To solve their
problems, meet their demands and help them maintain work life balance ‘Living in Group’
Society was planned. The society will bring the community together focusing on co-living.
10.1 Literature Review
After studying the various papers on dual earning couples, it was ascertain that all
over the world the life working couples is challenging and there is a need to bring about
change to help them maintain work life balance. In India also, the situation is no different
as the papers depict high level of stress in dual earner couples while managing work and
family.
10.2 Survey
The extensive survey of the individuals from working couples helped to identify their
struggles and requirements. It portrayed the need to modify the lifestyle to make it
convenient and fulfilling through ‘Living in Group’ society. Need assessment was the
main objective of survey. After analysing the responses, the requirements of various
facilities like day-care, a kitchen cum dinning facility, laundry, mini mall, gym where
recognized. Also, the various suggestions to give special attention to privacy, security and
financial management were included. The survey finding were vital in planning the
society.
10.3 Planning
Planning of society was done in accordance with the Development Control and
Promotion Regulations for Pune Municipal Corporation (DCPR-2017). Optimising space
by providing common spaces and adopting flexibility principle along with maintaining
privacy of occupants was achieved through proper planning. The society is planned to
accommodate 504 families from various income groups. The 22600 sqm layout
encompasses six residential buildings, a mini mall, day-care, club house, gym, swimming
pool, basketball, volleyball court and a large recreational open space with temple and a
jogging track. The facilities required were provided ensuring convenient life in ‘Living in

Group’ society. The planning was done adopting green, sustainable and smart techniques
based on Building and Planning Principles.
10.4 Socio-Economic
The ‘Living in Group’ society has both tangible as well as intangible benefits over
conventional societies. Justifying the tangible benefits is a complex process and hence the
various intangible benefits like reduced efforts and time consumed in maintaining homes,
reduction in stress levels, transportation cost, neighbourhood, increased security and sense
of community etc. are elaborated in the socio-economic feasibility chapter. The area
reduction achieved through sharing of spaces in the ‘Living in Group’ society compared
to conventional ones demonstrates that ‘Living in Group’ concept optimises space making
it affordable.
10.5 Green and Smart Building
The society is planned to satisfy the IGBC Platinum rating which gives it
recognition of Global Leadership. It avails various National Benefits as well as incentive
F.S.I due to this recognition. The various green methods like the solar panels for water
heating, rainwater harvesting, solid waste segregation, organic waste management and
sewage waste treatment are designed considering 2520 residents. Smart techniques
adopted ensures better security, quality of living as well simplified operation for users and
administrators.
‘Living in Group’ focuses on creating a convenient home and has both tangible and
intangible benefits including reduction in energy cost and potentially a healthier, more
productive work force. Sharing of spaces and facilities ensures affordable and sustainable
living. It will provide dual earner couples fast and effective service along with simplified
operations and management providing them a better, stress free and secure environment
with improved sense of community. It is an attempt to redefine the housing system and
lifestyle of people for fulfilling and contented life.

11 REFERENCES
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11.2 Websites
https://goo.gl/forms/7mXZxWXelVcEjkzZ2 - Students Form
https://goo.gl/forms/JLzaH36qzqCjWqBk2 - Working Couples Form
(http://www.catalyst.org/knowledge/women-labour-force-india)
(http://irjbm.org/irjbm2013/Oct2014/Paper6.pdf)
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3122548/)

(http://irjbm.org/irjbm2013/Oct2014/Paper6.pdf)
(https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/supplemented-nuclear-families-make-16-of-indian-
households/articleshow/59449874.cms)
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3122548/)
(http://www.isec.ac.in/)
(http://journals.sagepub.com/home/jfi)
(https://www.ashwinarchitects.com/green-building-materials-india/)
(https://nerolac.com/decorative-paint-products/interior-paints/impressions-ecoclean)
(https://www.thisoldhouse.com/ideas/best-new-green-materials-your-interior)
(https://www.slideshare.net/refquest/eco-friendly-interior-materials)
(https://www.poplarnetwork.com/news/payback-period-low-flow-toilets-cost-offset-water-
savings)
(https://aapkapainter.com/paints)
(http://www.greenroofs.org)
(http://www.greenroofs.com/Greenroofs101/industry support.htm)
(http://www.moef.nic.in/sites/default/files/ngrba/003_EQP_S&R_02.pdf)
(http://hnbc.in/pdf/sewage-treatment/sbr/sbr-technical-note.pdf)
(http://enzotech.co.in/SBR-process.aspx)
(http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/41040/3/JSIR%2076%284%29%20249-
254.pdf)
11.3 YouTube links
https://youtu.be/QwGRh_kUaok
https://youtu.be/9kQefp1m49E
https://youtu.be/B6GSUQAYTm8

ANNEXURE A – Google Form for Working Couples

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“Planning for ‘Living in Group’ for Dual-Earner Couples”

Submitted to Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli

Sonal J. Mohite Nikita M. Phadatare Sangram R. Pawar

Ankita S. Hujare Pranav K. Borgaonkar Gaurav S. Kale

Pradip S. Kshirsagar Sanobar S. Memon Amit S. Shirgaonkar

Dr. V.D. SALKAR

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

WALCHAND COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SANGLI - 416 415

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 2

Place: WCE, Sangli

Sonal J. Mohite Nikita M. Phadatare Sangram R. Pawar

Ankita S. Hujare Pranav K. Borgaonkar Gaurav S. Kale

Pradip S. Kshirsagar Sanobar S. Memon Amit S. Shirgaonkar

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 3

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 4

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 5

4.2.3 Suggestions by Working Couples .............................................................. 45

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 6

8.2.2 Security .................................................................................................... 114

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 7

AAC Autoclaved Aerated Concrete

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 8

Fig. No. Name of Figure Page No.

3.1 Play area with large window 16

3.2 Temple at Bhakti Pooja Nagar 16

3.3 Community hall 17

3.4 STP plant 17

3.5 Kidzee Daycare 17

7.1 Green roof 66

7.2 Roof top rainwater harvesting through recharge pit 74

7.3 Water submetering 75

7.5 SBR process flowchart 79

7.6 Automatic water level controller for overhead tank 81

7.7 Standalone solar PV street lights 83

7.8 Centralized solar hot water system 84

7.9 Flowchart of WSM 87

7.10 Refuse chute 88

7.13 Benefits of AAC blocks 93

7.14 Credit distribution 94

8.1 Major aspects of smart building 101

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 9

4.3 Responses received for impact of work on family relations 23

4.4 Responses received for facilities to be provided to manage work

4.6 Responses received for conflict between families 24

4.10 Responses received for impact of work on family relations 31

4.11 Responses received for facilities to be provided to manage work

4.13 Responses received for facilities remain unutilized 33

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 10

Table No. Name of table Page No.

5.4 FSI calculation 50

6.2 Cleaning staff management 50

7.2 Average cost per KLD for SBR technology 80

Sheet No. Name of Sheet

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 11

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 12

1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF STUDY

To identify the problems acting as hindrances in achieving work life balance,

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 13

‘Living in Group’ is an innovative idea to reform housing system to meet the

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli 14

To make ‘Living in Group’ eco-friendly, sustainable and smart techniques like

1.2 Scope of Work

1. Dual earner couples and single parent

2. Income groups of residents