ARTIFICIAL SKIN FOR ROBOTS Mohab Sameh Abdallah

Youssef Amr Fayad

USING THIN FILM Seif Yasser Gaballah

RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE Omar Amr Abd El-Metaal

Seif Maged Sakr
DETECTOR
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Ahmed El Selouky
1
 OVERVIEW ON RTD SENSOR
A platinum resistance temperature detector.
It has a resistance of 100 Ohm at 0 Celsius degrees.
It consists of a thin film of platinum on a plastic film, where the resistance varies with
the temperature.
It measures up to 850 Celsius degrees
When current passes across through RTD, a resultant potential drop is generated. The
resultant voltage is used in determining the resistance and thus the temperature.
The relationship between the temperature and the resistance is linear.
They have been used for many years to measure temperature in laboratory and
industrial processes, and have developed a reputation for accuracy, repeatability,
and stability.

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THIN-FILM RTD STRUCTURE

Note: We may use the thin film, incorporated into an electrically

conductive layer (for ex: CNT injected polymers) for use in the
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 MODELLING EQUATIONS

Our sensor is sensitive to change in Temperature from its nominal To.

Since Ro is calibrated at To = 0 degrees Celsius. We can remove it from
the equation, so that it seems to be sensitive to temperature (in Celsius)
instead of Temperature change. The first order equation is described
by:
𝑡
−
∆𝑅= 𝑇𝐿 −𝑇𝐿 𝑒 𝜏 𝛼𝑅0
𝑡
∆𝑅 −
= 1−𝑒 𝜏 𝛼𝑅0
𝑇𝐿
This is derived from the general equation for a thermometer:
𝑡
−𝜏
𝑇𝑅𝑇𝐷= 𝑇𝐿 1 − 𝑒
𝑇𝐿 : Applied Temperature, ∆𝑅: R-Ro, t: time, tau: time constant of the system. 4
RESPONSE DELAY
The following equation describes the RTD resistance
response to temperature, it is to be noted that it has no
delay constant.
𝑅 - 𝑅0 =𝑇𝑡ℎ 𝛼𝑅0
However, there is a time constant for this system, as shown
in the previous slide, which is dependent on the time it
takes for the RTD to reach thermal equilibrium with the
object of contact.
𝑚𝑐
𝜏=
ℎ𝐴
m: mass, c: heat capacity, A: Area, h: convection coefficient

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SENSITIVITY AND RESOLUTION STUDIES

Static sensitivity of 0.3 Ω/°C

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LAGRANGE ENERGY METHOD

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LAGRANGE ENERGY METHOD

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CALIBRATION CURVE
A linear behavior between input and output is shown. The RTD can be
approximated as linear in the range we use it in.

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RESPONSE UNDER STEP INPUT

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RESPONSE UNDER RAMP INPUT

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RESPONSE UNDER HARMONIC INPUT

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BODE PLOT

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DYNAMIC ERRORS

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AUTOCORRELATION

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READOUT CIRCUIT
The change in resistance could be read as a rise in the differential
voltage (Delta V) across a balanced Wheatstone bridge at temperature
To (in our case 0 degrees Celsius):

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REFERENCES
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistance_thermometer
2. Jacob Fraden, Handbook of Modern Sensors Physics, Designs, and
Applications p. 13.
3. http://www.itsirl.com/admin/pdfmanual/1399021951CalVan.pdf
4. http://www.site.uottawa.ca/~rhabash/ELG4152L10.pdf

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