Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
CLD 10603
Fluid Characteristics and Behaviors
Universiti Kuala Lumpur
Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering technology
Objectives
Student should be able to:
i. Define and determine the fluid properties
such as:
Weight, mass, density, specific gravity, specific
weight, specific volume, absolute viscosity,
kinematic viscosity.
ii. Understand the liquid behavior:
Surface tension and capillary effect.
Introduction
Any characteristic of a system is called a property.
o Familiar: pressure P, temperature T, volume V, and mass m.
o Less familiar: viscosity, thermal conductivity, surface tension.
Intensive Extensive
property property
are independent of are those whose value
the mass of the depends on the size of
system the system
Mass (m)
Weight (W)
The magnitude of the force acting on the
object due to Earth’s gravity field.
W = mg
m = mass (kg)
g = standard earth gravity
= 9.81 m /s2 or 32.174 ft/s2
Density (ρ)
The quantity of matter contained in a unit
volume of the substance.
mass m
ρ= =
volume v
Density (ρ)
Density is highly variable in gases and is a
function of the gas composition, its
temperature and its pressure.
P
ρ=
RT
P = pressure
T = temperature
R = gas constant
Example 1
• Find the mass of 250.0 mL of benzene. The density of
benzene is 0.8765 g/mL. What is the weight of
benzene?
Unit : None
Weight W
γ = =
Volume V
γ = ρg
Example 3
a) If the specific volume of a gas is 0.70 m3/kg, what is its
specific weight in N/m3?
volume 1
ν= =
mass ρ
Viscosity (μ)
Viscosity is a property
that represents the
internal resistance of a
fluid to motion.
μ = absolute viscosity
τxy = shear stress
τ du/dy = velocity /distance
μ = xy
du
( ) Unit : kg/m.s or Pa.s or N.s/m2 or lbf.s/ft2 or
dy poise
(1 poise = 0.1 Pa.s)