SDI - Composite Steel Floor Deck-Slabs C-2017

r
ßÓÛÎ×ÝßÒ ÒßÌ×ÑÒßÔ ÍÌßÒÜßÎÜÍ ×ÒÍÌ×ÌËÌÛñ ÍÌÛÛÔ ÜÛÝÕ ×ÒÍÌ×ÌËÌÛ
Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
ïò Ù »²»®¿´
ïòï Í½±°»æ
User Note:
User Note:
User Note:
User Note:
Table UN-1.1
Gage No. Design Thickness Minimum Thickness1
in. mm. in. mm.
22 0.0295 0.75 0.028 0.71
20 0.0358 0.91 0.034 0.86
18 0.0474 1.20 0.045 1.14
16 0.0598 1.52 0.057 1.44
1
Minimum delivered thickness is 95% of the design thickness.
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
User Note:
ïòî Î»º»®»²½» Ý±¼»ôÍ¬¿²¼¿®¼ô¿²¼ Ü±½«³ »²¬æ

r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Commentary
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
ïòí Ý±²¬®«½¬·±² Ü±½«³ »²¬
User Note:
îò Ð®±¼«½¬
îòï Ó¿¬»®·¿´æ
User Note:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Commentary:
User Note:
îòî Ì±´»®¿²½» ±º Ü»´·ª»®»¼ Ó¿¬»®·¿´æ
User Note:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
User Note:
îòí Ú·²·¸æ
User Note:
Commentary:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
îòì Ü»·¹²æ
User Note:
User Note:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Commentary:
Commentary:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Commentary:
User Note:
User Note:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Commentary:
Commentary:
Commentary:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Commentary:
Commentary:
Commentary:
Commentary:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Vc f c Ac
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Figure 2-1 One-Way Shear Parameters
User Note:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
User Note Figure 2-2
User Note Figure 2-3

r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
User Note:
Commentary:
Commentary:
Commentary:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Commentary:
Commentary:
User Note:
User Note:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
User Note:
Commentary:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Commentary:
Fire Resistance Directory
îòë ß½½»±®·»æ
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
íòÛ¨»½«¬·±²
íòï ×²¬¿´´¿¬·±²ñÙ »²»®¿´æ
User Note:
User Note:
User Note:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
User Note:
Commentary:
íòî É »´¼·²¹
User Note:
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
User Note:
íòí Ó»½¸¿²·½¿´Ú¿¬»²»®
User Note:
íòì ß½½»±®§ ß¬¬¿½¸³ »²¬æ
íòë Ý´»¿²·²¹ Ð®·±® ¬± Ý±²½®»¬» Ð´¿½»³ »²¬æ
íòê
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
ß°° »²¼ ·¨ ï
Ý±³ °±·¬» Ü»½µ Ý±²¬®«½¬·±² Ô±¿¼·²¹ Ü·¿¹®¿³
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
ß°° »²¼ ·¨ î
ßîòï Ù »²»®¿´
1. This Appendix provides methods for the calculation of strength of composite
steel deck-slabs. It shall be permitted to use this method if steel headed stud
anchors (studs) are not present on the beam flange supporting the composite
steel deck, or if steel headed stud anchors are present in any quantity.
2. Limitations:
A. Deck shall be limited to galvanized or uncoated steel decks with
embossments meeting the requirements for Type I, Type II, or
Type III patterns as shown in Figure A2.1, A2.2, A2.3, and A2.4.
The design embossment height, ph, shall not be less than 0.035 in
(0.89 mm) and shall not be greater than 0.105 in (2.67 mm).
Embossments shall not be less than 90% of the design
embossment depth.
B. The embossment factor, ps, shall not be less than that defined in
Table A2-1.
Table A2-1 Minimum Embossment Factor

Deck Embossment Nominal Deck Minimum ps
Type Depth
1 1.5 in 5.5
1 2.0 in 12.0
1 3.0 in 18.0
2 1.5 in 5.5
2 2.0 in 8.5
2 3.0 in 8.5
3 1.5 in 5.5
3 2.0 in 10.0
3 3.0 in 12.0
a. For Type 1 deck embossments:
ps1 = 12 (le / S) (Eq. A2-1)
b. For Type 2 deck embossments:
ps2 = 12 ( l1 + l2 ) / S (Eq. A2-2)
c. For Type 3 deck embossments:
ps1 = 12 (sum of l1 lengths within S1) / S1

(Eq. A2-3)
ps2 = 12 (sum of l2 lengths within S2) / S2

(Eq. A2-4)
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Figure A2.1 – Type 1 Embossments with length measured along centerline
Figure A2.2 – Type 2 Embossments
Figure A2.3 – Type 3 Embossments
Figure A2.4 – Embossment Section Details

r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
C.
limited to values between 55 and 90 and the webs shall have no
reentrant bends in their flat width.
D. The deck section depth, dd, shall be less than or equal to 3 in. (75 mm)
E. All sheet steel used for deck shall comply with Section 2.1 of this
Standard.
F. Concrete shall comply with Section 2.1 of this Standard.
G. The concrete thickness above the steel deck shall be equal to or
greater than 2 inches (50mm).
H. Composite deck-slabs shall be classified as under-reinforced or
over-reinforced.
a. Slabs with (c/d) less than the balanced condition ratio (c/d)b
shall be considered under-reinforced, whereas slabs with
(c/d) greater than or equal to (c/d)b shall be considered
over-reinforced. The compression depth ratio shall be
calculated as:
AsFy
cd (Eq. A2-5)
0.85f ' cdb 1
The compression depth ratio for the balanced condition
shall be calculated as:
0.003 h dd
c d b (Eq. A2-6)
Fy 0.003 d
Es
Where:
As = area of steel deck, in2/ft (mm2/m) of slab
width
b = unit width of compression face of composite
slab, 12 in.(1000 mm)
c = distance from extreme compression fiber to
composite neutral axis, in. (mm)
d = distance from extreme compression fiber to
centroid of steel deck, in. (mm)
dd = overall depth of steel deck profile, in. (mm)
Es = modulus of elasticity of steel deck, psi
(MPa)
f'c = specified compressive strength of concrete,
psi (MPa)
Fy = specified yield strength of steel deck, psi
(MPa)
h = nominal out-to-out depth of slab, in. (mm)
1 = 0.85 if f'c 4000 psi (27.58 MPa)
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
f 'c
1 1.05 0.05 0.65 if f'c 4000 psi
1000
(Eq. A2-7a) (in-lb)
1= 1.09 – 0.008f'c 0.65 if f'c 27.58 MPa

(Eq. A2-7b) (SI)
3. The strength of a composite deck-slab shall be the least of the following

strength limit states:
A. Flexural strength
B. One-way shear strength in accordance with Section 2.4.B.7
4. For load combinations that include concentrated loads, punching shear in
accordance with Section 2.4.B.8 shall be considered.
5. Cracked section properties shall be determined by Appendix 5.
ßîòî Ú´»¨«®¿´Í¬®»²¹¬¸æ This section shall be used to determine the flexural strength
of the composite deck-slab.
1. Under-Reinforced: The nominal moment capacity shall be calculated as

follows:
A. The resisting moment, Mno, of the composite section shall be

determined based on cracked section properties.
Mno = K My (Eq. A2-8)
Where:
My = Yield moment for the composite deck-slab,
considering a cracked cross section
= Fy Icr / (h-ycc) (Eq A2-9)
K = (K3/K1 (Eq. A2-10)

Fy = yield stress of steel deck, psi (MPa)
h = slab depth measured from top of concrete to bottom
of deck, in (mm)
Icr = cracked section moment of inertia, in4 (mm4)
Mno = nominal resisting moment, kip-in (N-mm)
ycc = distance from top of slab to neutral axis of cracked
section, in (mm)
K1, K3 = Coefficients of deck profile and embossment pattern
B. K3 shall be calculated as follows
K3 = 1.4
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
User Note: Using K3 = 1.4 is appropriate for typical deck applications
where the floor is multiple deck panels wide. For instances where the
floor is relatively narrow, measured perpendicular to the deck span, the
following equation may yield more accurate (conservative) results.
K3 = 0.87 + 0.0688N – 0.00222N2 (Eq. A2-11)
C. K1 shall be calculated as follows
For Type 1 Embossment Deck Panels:
K1 = 0.07 (DW)0.5 / ph (Eq. A2-12)
K1 = 15 (t) / [DW (ph)0.5 ] (Eq. A2-13)
(K11 )ps1 +(K12 )ps2

K1 =
ps1 +ps2 (Eq. A2-14)
Where:
Dw = Width of flat portion of the deck web, in.
K11 = K1 calculated for Type 1 embossments in Type 3
pattern
K12 = K1 calculated for Type 2 embossments in Type 3
pattern
N = Number of cells in a slab width
= w/R
w = Slab width, in.(mm)
R = Repeating pattern or cell spacing, in.(mm)
ph = Embossment height, in.
t = Deck thickness, in.
D. The flexural resistance (ASD) of the composite section shall be

calculated as follows.
Mno s = K My (Eq. A2-15)
s = 1.75
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
The flexural resistance (LRFD) of the composite section shall be
calculated as follows.
sMno = s K My (Eq. A2-16)
s = 0.85
2. Over-reinforced Slabs (c/d) (c/d)b

A. The flexural resistance, in positive bending, of an over-reinforced
composite slab shall be determined by:
LRFD
ro c c 1 1 s K My (Eq. A3-6a)
ASD
Mro fc ' b 1 d 1 c2 c y s (Eq. A3-6b)
Where:
2
m m
c d m (Eq. A3-7)
2 2
As
(Eq. A3-8)
bd
Es cu
m (Eq. A3-9)
fc' 1
Es = modulus of elasticity of steel deck

= 29,500,000 psi (203,000 MPa)
K = As calculated for an underreinforced slab
cu = 0.003
c = 0.65
c = 2.30
s = 0.85
s = 1.75
B. Equation A3-6 is valid only for composite slabs where no part of

the steel deck has yielded.
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
ß° ° »²¼ ·¨ í
Í¬®»²¹¬¸ Ü»¬»®³ ·²¿¬·±² ±º Ý±³ °±·¬» Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾ ¾ § Í¸»¿® Þ ±²¼ Ó»¬¸±¼
ßíòï Ù »²»®¿´
1. This Appendix provides methods for the calculation of strength of
composite steel deck-slabs by the shear bond method. It shall be permitted
to use this method if steel headed stud anchors (studs) are not present on
the beam flange supporting the composite steel deck, or if steel headed
stud anchors are present in any quantity.
2. Limitations:
A. Deck shall be limited to galvanized or top surface uncoated steel
decks.
B. All sheet steel used for deck shall comply with Section 2.1 of this
Standard.
C. Concrete shall comply with Section 2.1 of this Standard.
D. The concrete thickness above the steel deck shall be equal to or
3. The strength of a composite deck-slab shall be the least of the following
strength limit states:
A. Shear bond resistance
B. Flexural strength
C. One-way shear strength in accordance with Section 2.4.B.7
ßíòî Í¸»¿® ¾ ±²¼ Î»·¬¿²½»
1. The ultimate shear bond resistance of a composite slab section shall be

calculated using parameters determined from a testing program of full-
scale slab specimens in accordance with SDI-T-CD. The shear bond
resistance (Vr) of a composite slab shall be determined as follows:
LRFD
(Eq. A3-1a)
ASD
(Eq. A3-1b)
v
Where,
Vr = shear bond resistance, pounds/ft (N/m) of slab width,
Vt = tested shear bond resistance, pounds/ft (N/m) of slab width,
determined in accordance with SDI-T-CD,
v = 0.75
v = 2.00
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
2. The permissible uniform load for shear bond shall be:
Wr 2 Vr L (Eq. A3-2)
Where:
L = deck design span, ft. (m)
ßíòí Ú´»¨«®¿´Í¬®»²¹¬¸
1. Composite slabs subject to flexural failure shall be classified as under-
reinforced or over-reinforced slabs depending on the compression depth
ratio, (c/d). Slabs with (c/d) less than the balanced condition ratio (c/d)b
shall be considered under-reinforced, whereas slabs with (c/d) greater than
or equal to (c/d)b shall be considered over-reinforced. The compression
depth ratio shall be calculated as:
A s Fy
cd (Eq. A3-3)
0.85f ' cdb 1
The compression depth ratio for the balanced condition shall be calculated as:
0.003 h dd
c d b (Eq. A3-4)
Fy 0.003 d
Es
Where:
As = area of steel deck, in2/ft (mm2/m) of slab width
b = unit width of compression face of composite slab, 12
in.(1000 mm)
c = distance from extreme compression fiber to composite
neutral axis, in. (mm)
d = distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid of
steel deck, in. (mm)
= 29,500,000 psi (203,000 MPa)
f'c = specified compressive strength of concrete, psi (MPa)
Fy = specified yield strength of steel deck, psi (MPa)
1 = 0.85 if f'c 4000 psi (27.58 MPa)
f 'c
1 1.05 0.05 0.65 if f'c 4000 psi
1000
1= 1.09 – 0.008f'c 0.65 if f'c 27.58 MPa

r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
2. Under-reinforced Slabs (c/d)< (c/d)b
A. The moment resistance, in positive bending, of an under-reinforced
composite slab shall be taken as:
LRFD
Mr = s My (Eq. A3-5a)
ASD
Mr = My / s (Eq. A3-5b)
My = Yield moment for the composite deck-slab, considering a

cracked cross section
= Fy Icr / (h-ycc)
Where:
s = 0.85
s = 1.75
Fy = yield stress of steel deck, psi (MPa)
Icr = cracked section moment of inertia, in4 (mm4)
h = slab depth, in (mm)
ycc = distance from top of slab to neutral axis of cracked section,
in (mm)
3. Over-reinforced Slabs (c/d) (c/d)b

A. The moment resistance, in positive bending, of an over-reinforced
LRFD
Mro cf ' cb 1c d 1 c2 sMy (Eq. A3-6a)
ASD
Mro f ' cb 1c d 1 c2 c My s (Eq. A3-6b)
Where:
2
m m
c d m (Eq. A3-7)
2 2
As
(Eq. A3-8)
bd
Es cu
m (Eq. A3-9)
f 'c 1
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
= 29,500,000 psi (203,000 MPa)
cu = 0.003
c = 0.65
c = 2.30
s = 0.85
s = 1.75
B. Equation A3-6 is valid only for composite slabs where no part of

r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
ß° ° »²¼ ·¨ ì
Í¬®»²¹¬¸ Ü»¬»®³ ·²¿¬·±² ±º Ý±³ °±·¬» Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾ ¾ § Ë´¬·³ ¿¬» Í¬®»²¹¬¸ Ó»¬¸±¼
ßìòï Ù »²»®¿´
1. This Appendix provides a method for the calculation of strength of
composite steel deck-slabs by the ultimate strength method. It shall be
permitted to use this method if steel headed stud anchors (studs) are
present on the beam flange supporting the composite steel deck.
2. Limitations:
A. Deck shall be limited to galvanized or top surface uncoated steel
decks.
B. All sheet steel used for deck shall comply with Section 2.1 of this
Standard.
C. Concrete shall comply with Section 2.1 of this Standard.
D. The concrete thickness above the steel deck shall be equal to or
3. The deck shall be capable of developing composite action with the
concrete slab by mechanical means.
User Note: Mechanical means of developing composite action with the

concrete slab include, but are not limited to:
(a) indentations or embossments on the deck web, flange, or both.
(b) transverse wires or bars welded to the top flange of the deck.
(c) reentrant angle webs, referred to as keystone or dovetail
profiles.
Deck which develops composite action solely by chemical bond without
mechanical bond does not meet this requirement.
4. The strength of a composite deck slab shall be the least of the following
strength resistance limit states:
A. Flexural strength as calculated by this Appendix.
B. One-way shear strength in accordance with Section 2.4.B.7
6. Cracked section properties shall be determined in accordance with
Appendix 5.
7. The term “stud” shall refer to a steel headed stud anchor.
8. Mechanical fasteners, such as screws or power-actuated fasteners, or
welds shall not be permitted to substitute for studs for purposes of
calculation of flexural strength using this method.
9. Studs shall be either 3/4 inch (19 mm) or 7/8 inch (22 mm) in diameter.
10. Composite deck-slabs shall be classified as under-reinforced or over-
reinforced.
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
a. Slabs with (c/d) less than the balanced condition ratio (c/d)b shall
be considered under-reinforced, whereas slabs with (c/d) greater
than or equal to (c/d)b shall be considered over-reinforced. The
compression depth ratio shall be calculated as:
AsFy
c d (Eq. A4-1)
0.85 fc ' db 1
The compression depth ratio for the balanced condition
shall be calculated as:
0.003 h dd
c d b (Eq. A4-2)
Fy 0.003 d
Es
Where:
As = area of steel deck, in2/ft (mm2/m) of slab
width
b = unit width of compression face of composite
slab, 12 in.(1000 mm)
c = distance from extreme compression fiber to
composite neutral axis, in. (mm)
d = distance from extreme compression fiber to

centroid of steel deck, in. (mm)
= 29500 ksi (203,000 MPa)
fc’ = specified compressive strength of concrete,
psi (MPa)
Fy = specified yield strength of steel deck, psi
(MPa)
1 = 0.85 if fc’ 4000 psi (27.58 MPa)
fc '
1 1.05 0.05 0.65 if fc’ 4000 psi
1000
(Eq. A4-3a) (in-lb)
1= 1.09 – 0.008fc’ 0.65 if fc’ 27.58 MPa

(Eq. A4-3b) (SI)
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
ßîòî Ú´»¨«®¿´Í¬®»²¹¬¸æ This section shall be used to determine the flexural strength
of the composite deck-slab.
1. Under-Reinforced: The nominal moment capacity shall be calculated as

follows:
a. The nominal (ultimate) moment capacity with studs on beam shall

be calculated as follows:
Mnu = AsFy(d – a/2) (Eq. A4-4)
Where:
As = steel deck cross sectional area per unit width of
steel deck
a = developed depth of concrete in the compression
zone
A s Fy
= (Eq. A4-5)
0.85f c' b
b = unit width
d = distance from the top of the slab to the centroid of
the steel deck
f’c = concrete strength, ksi
Fy = yield stress of steel deck
Mnu = nominal (ultimate) moment capacity with studs on
beam
b. The minimum number of studs per unit width required to develop

the ultimate moment capacity, Mnu, shall be calculated as follows:
Nsu = minimum number of studs per unit width required

to develop the ultimate moment capacity of the
composite deck-slab
= FT / Qn (Eq. A4-6)
Where:
Abf = deck bottom flange area per unit width of steel deck
Awebs = deck web area per unit width of steel deck
Asa = cross sectional area of steel headed stud anchor
FT = required anchorage force per unit deck width to
develop the full cross section of the steel deck
A webs
= Fy A s A bf (Eq. A4-7)
2
Qn = nominal shear strength of steel headed stud anchor
= 0.5A sa f 'c E c (Eq. A4-8)
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
c. When the number of studs per unit width, Ns, installed equals or
exceeds Nsu, then:
Mn = Mnu (Eq. A4-9)
d. When the number of studs per unit width, Ns, installed is less than
Nsu, then:
Mn = Mno + (Mnu-Mno)(Ns/ Nsu) (Eq. A4-10)
Where:
Mno = nominal moment capacity of the deck-slab without

studs, calculated by either Appendix 2 or Appendix
3 or by testing in accordance with SDI T-CD
Ns = number of studs installed per unit width
e. The flexural resistance shall be taken as:
LRFD
Mr = s Mn (Eq. A4-11a)
ASD
Mr = Mn / s (Eq. A4-11b)
Where:
s = 0.85
s = 1.75
2. Over-reinforced (c/d) (c/d)b

a. The moment resistance, in positive bending, of an over-reinforced
LRFD
ro c c 1 1 sMy (Eq. A4-12a)
ASD
Mro fc' b 1 d 1 c2 c y s (Eq. A4-12b)
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Where:
2
m m
c d m (Eq. A4-13)
2 2
As
(Eq. A4-14)
bd
Es cu
m (Eq. A4-15)
fc' 1
Es = 29,500,000 psi (203000 MPa)

cu = 0.003
c = 0.65
c = 2.30
s = 0.85
s = 1.75
b. Equation A4-12 is valid only for composite slabs where no part of

ßìòí Ð´¿½»³ »²¬ ±º Í¬«¼
1. Studs shall not be installed greater than 36 inches (914 mm) on center.
2. At butted end laps, the studs shall be installed through the deck ends on
both sides of the butt joint. Studs shall be in sufficient quantity, Ns, on
both sides of the joint to develop the required strength.
3. At perimeter conditions or openings (where slabs are discontinuous) the
studs shall be welded through the deck to engage the deck end.
User Note: Figures A4.1, A4.2, and A4.3 illustrate stud installation.
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
Figure A4.1 - Studs installed not at a deck end or butt joint are
installed through the deck
Figure A4.2 - Studs at a deck end are required to anchor the deck and
must be installed through the deck
Figure A4.3 - Studs at a deck butt joint must be installed individually

through deck ends and not centered on the butt joint. The full number
of studs anchoring the deck, Ns, must be installed on each end of the
deck at both sides of the butt joint.
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
ß° ° »²¼ ·¨ ë
Í»½¬·±² Ð®±°»®¬·» ±º Ý±³ °±·¬» Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
ßëòï Ù »²»®¿´
This Appendix provides methods for the calculation of geometric cross section
properties for composite steel deck cross sections with concrete. Alternate
methods of rational analysis which consider material properties and cracked cross
section properties shall be permitted.
User Note: This method will provide conservative results for slabs with
reinforcing. The designer may choose to use alternate methods that consider the
contribution of the reinforcing steel in this case.
ßëòî Ì®¿²º±®³ »¼ Ý±³ °±·¬» Ò»«¬®¿´ß¨·

The distance ycc from the extreme compression fiber of the concrete to the neutral
axis of the transformed composite section shall be determined from Figure A5-1
and Equations A5-1 and A5-3.
Figure A5-1 – Composite Section
Note: Section shows non-cellular deck. Section shall be either cellular, a blend
of cellular and non-cellular, or non-cellular deck. Unless testing is
performed that demonstrates that the interlocking device is capable of
developing the full strength of the cross-section, only the element in
contact with the concrete shall be considered in the design.
C.G.S. = centroidal neutral axis of full, unreduced cross section of

steel deck, in. (mm)
Cs = pitch of deck ribs in. (mm)
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
N.A. = neutral axis of transformed composite section
Wr = average deck rib width in. (mm)
dd = depth of deck in. (mm)
h = overall slab depth in. (mm)
hc = depth of concrete above steel deck in. (mm)
ßëòí Ó±³ »²¬ ±º ×²»®¬·¿ ±º ¬¸» Ý®¿½µ»¼ Í»½¬·±²

For the cracked moment of inertia
2
y cc d 2 n n n hc (Eq. A5-1)
where
As
=
bd
As = area of steel deck per unit slab width in2. (mm2)
b = unit slab width (12 inches in imperial units)
d = distance from top of concrete to centroid of steel deck
E
n = modular ratio = s
Ec
= 29500 ksi (203,000 MPa)
Ec = modulus of elasticity of concrete

= wc1.5 (f’c)0.5 ,ksi ; or f'c in ksi
= wc1.5 33(f’c)0.5 ,psi ; or f'c in psi
= 57000 (f’c)0.5 ,psi ; or f'c in psi
= 0.043wc1.5 (f’c)0.5 ,MPa ; or f'c in kg/m3
= 4700 (f’c)0.5 ,MPa f'c in kg/m3
wc = concrete unit weight, pcf (kg/m3)
f'c = concrete strength, ksi or psi (MPa)
y cs d y cc where ycc shall be determined from Equation A5-1.
The cracked moment of inertia transformed to steel, Ic ,shall be calculated using

Equation A5-2.
b 3
Ic y cc A s y cs2 I sf (Eq. A5-2)
3n
where
Isf = moment of inertia of the full (unreduced) steel deck per unit
slab width. in4. (mm4)
r Ý±³ °±·¬»Í¬»»´Ú´±±®Ü»½µóÍ´¿¾
ßëòì Ó±³ »²¬ ±º ×²»®¬·¿ ±º ¬¸» Ë²½®¿½µ»¼ Í»½¬·±²
For the uncracked moment of inertia
b
0.5bh c2 nA s d Wr d d h 0.5d d
Cs
y cc (Eq. A5-3)
b
bh c nA s Wr d d
Cs
The uncracked moment of inertia transformed to steel, Iu ,shall be calculated using

Equation A5-4.
y cs d y cc where ycc shall be determined from Equation A5-3.
bh 3c bh c 2 2 Wr bd d d d2 2
Iu y cc 0.5h c I sf As y cs h y cc 0.5d d
12n n nC s 12
(Eq. A5-4)
ßëòë Ó±³ »²¬ ±º ×²»®¬·¿ ±º ¬¸» Ý±³ °±·¬» Í»½¬·±²

The moment of inertia of the composite section considered effective for deflection
computations shall be calculated by Equation A5-5.
Iu Ic
Id (Eq. A5-5)
2

SDI - Composite Steel Floor Deck-Slabs C-2017

Încărcat de

Informații document

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

SDI - Composite Steel Floor Deck-Slabs C-2017

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

r

ßÓÛÎ×ÝßÒ ÒßÌ×ÑÒßÔ ÍÌßÒÜßÎÜÍ ×ÒÍÌ×ÌËÌÛñ ÍÌÛÛÔ ÜÛÝÕ ×ÒÍÌ×ÌËÌÛ

ïòî Î»º»®»²½» Ý±¼»­ôÍ¬¿²¼¿®¼­ô¿²¼ Ü±½«³ »²¬­æ

îòî Ì±´»®¿²½» ±º Ü»´·ª»®»¼ Ó¿¬»®·¿´æ

Figure 2-1 One-Way Shear Parameters

User Note Figure 2-2

User Note Figure 2-3

Fire Resistance Directory

íòì ß½½»­­±®§ ß¬¬¿½¸³ »²¬æ

íòë Ý´»¿²·²¹ Ð®·±® ¬± Ý±²½®»¬» Ð´¿½»³ »²¬æ

Table A2-1 Minimum Embossment Factor

a. For Type 1 deck embossments:

ps1 = 12 (le / S) (Eq. A2-1)

b. For Type 2 deck embossments:

ps2 = 12 ( l1 + l2 ) / S (Eq. A2-2)

c. For Type 3 deck embossments:

ps1 = 12 (sum of l1 lengths within S1) / S1

ps2 = 12 (sum of l2 lengths within S2) / S2

Figure A2.1 – Type 1 Embossments with length measured along centerline

Figure A2.2 – Type 2 Embossments

Figure A2.3 – Type 3 Embossments

Figure A2.4 – Embossment Section Details

1= 1.09 – 0.008f'c 0.65 if f'c 27.58 MPa

3. The strength of a composite deck-slab shall be the least of the following

1. Under-Reinforced: The nominal moment capacity shall be calculated as

A. The resisting moment, Mno, of the composite section shall be

Mno = K My (Eq. A2-8)

K = (K3/K1 (Eq. A2-10)

B. K3 shall be calculated as follows

C. K1 shall be calculated as follows

For Type 1 Embossment Deck Panels:

K1 = 0.07 (DW)0.5 / ph (Eq. A2-12)

For Type 2 Embossment Deck Panels:

K1 = 15 (t) / [DW (ph)0.5 ] (Eq. A2-13)

For Type 3 Embossment Deck Panels:

(K11 )ps1 +(K12 )ps2

D. The flexural resistance (ASD) of the composite section shall be

Mno s = K My (Eq. A2-15)

sMno = s K My (Eq. A2-16)

2. Over-reinforced Slabs (c/d) (c/d)b

Es = modulus of elasticity of steel deck

B. Equation A3-6 is valid only for composite slabs where no part of

ßíòî Í¸»¿® ¾ ±²¼ Î»­·­¬¿²½»

1. The ultimate shear bond resistance of a composite slab section shall be

1= 1.09 – 0.008f'c 0.65 if f'c 27.58 MPa

My = Yield moment for the composite deck-slab, considering a

3. Over-reinforced Slabs (c/d) (c/d)b

B. Equation A3-6 is valid only for composite slabs where no part of

User Note: Mechanical means of developing composite action with the

d = distance from extreme compression fiber to

1= 1.09 – 0.008fc’ 0.65 if fc’ 27.58 MPa

1. Under-Reinforced: The nominal moment capacity shall be calculated as

a. The nominal (ultimate) moment capacity with studs on beam shall

Mnu = AsFy(d – a/2) (Eq. A4-4)

b. The minimum number of studs per unit width required to develop

Nsu = minimum number of studs per unit width required

Mn = Mnu (Eq. A4-9)

Mn = Mno + (Mnu-Mno)(Ns/ Nsu) (Eq. A4-10)

Mno = nominal moment capacity of the deck-slab without

e. The flexural resistance shall be taken as:

2. Over-reinforced (c/d) (c/d)b

Es = 29,500,000 psi (203000 MPa)

b. Equation A4-12 is valid only for composite slabs where no part of

ßìòí Ð´¿½»³ »²¬ ±º Í¬«¼­

ïòî Î»º»®»²½» Ý±¼»ôÍ¬¿²¼¿®¼ô¿²¼ Ü±½«³ »²¬æ

íòì ß½½»±®§ ß¬¬¿½¸³ »²¬æ

ßíòî Í¸»¿® ¾ ±²¼ Î»·¬¿²½»

ßìòí Ð´¿½»³ »²¬ ±º Í¬«¼

ßëòî Ì®¿²º±®³ »¼ Ý±³ °±·¬» Ò»«¬®¿´ß¨·

ßëòë Ó±³ »²¬ ±º ×²»®¬·¿ ±º ¬¸» Ý±³ °±·¬» Í»½¬·±²