Ee1010 Electric Circuit Laboratory PDF

EE1010 - ELECTRIC CIRCUITS LABORATORY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Syllabus
2. Mapping of Student Outcomes with Instructional Objectives
3. Mapping of Program Educational Objectives with Student Outcomes
4. Session plan
5. Laboratory policies & Report format.
6. Index (for observation and record)
7. List of experiments in cycle 1
8. Each experiment is prefixed with Evaluation sheet, prelab questions with
answer key and suffixed with post lab questions with answer key.
9. List of experiments in cycle 2
10. Each experiment is prefixed with Evaluation sheet, prelab questions with
answer key and suffixed with post lab questions with answer key.
11. Internal evaluation split up for the lab course.
1
Syllabus
2
ELECTRIC CIRCUITS LABORATORY

L T P C
EE1010 Total Contact hours - 45 0 0 3 1
Prerequisite
EE1003- ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
PURPOSE
This laboratory course will give a thorough knowledge about the basics of circuit analysis.
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1. Implement and verify circuit theorems.
2. Gain knowledge about resonance and circuit transients.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Verification of Kirchhoff’s laws
2. Verification of Superposition theorem
3. Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem
4. Verification of Norton’s Theorem
5. Verification of Maximum Power Transfer theorem
6. Verification of KVL and KCL using Digital simulation
7. Verification of Superposition theorem & Thevenin’s Theorem using Digital
simulation
8. Verification of Reciprocity Theorem& Maximum Power Transfer theorem
using Digital simulation
9. Circuit Transients by Digital simulation
10. RLC Series Resonance by Digital simulation
11.Transient analysis of Series RL, RC circuits
REFERENCES:
1. Department Lab Manual

2. Sudhakar.A and Shyam Mohan.S.P, “Circuits and Networks Analysis and Synthesis”,
Fourth edition, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., NewDelhi, 2010.
3
Mapping of Student
Outcomes with Instructional
Objectives
4
Mapping of Instructional Objectives Vs Student Outcomes
Instructional objectives
Student Outcomes
Implement and Understand the Gain knowledge about
verify circuit concepts of power resonance and circuit
theorems measurements transients
a).An ability to apply

knowledge of mathematics, x x x
science, and engineering.
b).An ability to design and

conduct experiments, as x x x
well as to analyze and
interpret results.
e).An ability to identify,

formulate, and solve x x x
engineering problems
5
Mapping of Program
Educational Objectives with
Student Outcomes
6
Mapping of Program Educational Objectives Vs Student Outcomes
PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
1. Graduates are equipped with the fundamental knowledge of Mathematics, Basic sciences and Electrical and
Electronics Engineering.
2. Graduates learn and adapt themselves to the constantly evolving technology by pursuing higher studies.
3. Graduates are better employable and achieve success in their chosen areas of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering and related fields.
4. Graduates are good leaders and managers by effectively communicating at both technical and interpersonal
levels.
The student outcomes are linked with the program educational objectives as shown below.
Student Outcomes PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
(a–k OUTCOMES) 1 2 3 4
(a) an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics,

x x
science, and engineering
(b) an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well

x x
as to analyze and interpret data
(c) an ability to design a system, component, or process

to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as
economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health
and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability
(d) an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams
(e) an ability to identify, formulate, and solve

x x
(f) an understanding of professional and ethical

responsibility
(g) an ability to communicate effectively in both verbal

and written form.
(h) The broad education necessary to understand the

impact of engineering solutions in a global perspective.
(i) a recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage

in life-long learning
(j) a knowledge of contemporary issues
(k) an ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern

engineering tools necessary for engineering practice.
7
Academic Course Description

SRM University, Kattankulathur
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
COURSE: EE1010
TITLE : ELECTRIC CIRCUITS LABORATORY
CREDIT: 01
VENUE : ELCTRONICS LAB-II (ESB 209 ),Simulation lab I &II(ESB
PREREQUISITES COURSES: EE1003- ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
PREREQUISITIES BY TOPIC: Basic Electric circuits, Network Theorems
Outcomes
Students who have successfully completed this course
Instructional Objective Student Outcomes

The students will be able to:
a) An ability to apply knowledge of
1. Implement and verify circuit theorems.
mathematics, science, and engineering.
2. Gain knowledge about resonance and circuit b) An ability to design and conduct
transients.
experiments, as well as to analyze and
interpret data.
e) An ability to identify, formulates, and
solves engineering problems.
Text book(s) and/or required materials:
Web Resources:
1. www.mathworks.com
2. www.electronics-lab.com
Professional component:
General - 0%
Basic Sciences - 0%
Engineering sciences & Technical arts - 0%
Professional subject - 100%
8
SESSION PLAN:
WEEK NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT REFERNCE Instructional Student Outcomes

Objective
I Verification of Kirchhoff’s Laws
II
Verification of Superposition Theorem
III
Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem
IV (a).An ability to apply

Verification of Norton’s Theorem knowledge of mathematics,
Circuits & Implement and science, and engineering.
V Verification of Maximum Power
network Analysis verify circuit
Transfer Theory
& Synthesis theorems (b).An ability to design and
VI Circuit Transients by Digital A.Sudhakar & conduct experiments, as
simulation Shyam mohan well as to analyze and
interpret data.
Verification of KVL and KCL +
VII (e).An ability to identify,
using Digital simulation
Reference Lab formulates, and solves
Manual engineering problems
Verification of Superposition
theorem &
VIII
Thevenin’s Theorem using
Digital simulation
Verification of Reciprocity
Theorem &
IX
Maximum Power Transfer
theorem using Digital simulation
X RLC Series Resonance by Digital (a).An ability to apply

simulation knowledge of mathematics,
science, and engineering.
(b).An ability to design and
Gain knowledge conduct experiments, as
about resonance and well as to analyze and
Study - Transient analysis of circuit transients interpret data.
XI Series RL, RC circuits
(e).An ability to identify,
formulates, and solves
9
LABORATORY POLICIES AND REPORT FORMAT:
1. Lab reports should be submitted on A4 paper. Your report is a professional presentation of

your work in the lab. Neatness, organization, and completeness will be rewarded. Points will be
deducted for any part that is not clear.
2. The lab reports will be written individually. Please use the following format for your lab reports.
a. Cover Page: Include your name, Subject Code, Subject title, Name of the
university.
b. Evaluation Sheet: Gives your internal mark split –up.
c. Index Sheet: Includes the name of all the experiments.
d. Experiment documentation: It includes experiment name, date, objective,
circuit diagram, theoretical values wherever applicable and verified outputs.
e. Prelab and Post lab question should be retyped at the end of every cycle.
3. Your work must be original and prepared independently. However, if you need any guidance or
have any questions or problems, please do not hesitate to approach your staff in charge during
office hours. The students should follow the dress code in the Lab session.
4. Labs will be graded as per the following grading policy:
 Prelab Test - 5
 In lab Performance - 35
 Post lab Test - 5 Observation - 30%
 Attendance - 5
 Record - 10%
 Model Exam - 20%
 Final Exam - 40%
 Total - 100%
5. Reports Due Dates: Reports are due one week after completion of the corresponding lab. A late lab
report will have 20% of the points deducted for being one day late. If a report is 2 days late, a grade of
0 will be assigned.
6. Systems of Tests: Regular laboratory class work over the full semester will carry a weight age of
75%. The remaining 25% weightage will be given by conducting an end semester practical
examination for every individual student if possible or by conducting a 1 to 1 ½ hours duration
common written test for all students, based on all the experiment carried out in the semester.
Pre lab test is conducted at the beginning of each experiment as a written test and the post lab test
is conducted as viva-voce during the submission of observation copy. The Staff in charge will ask
pertinent questions to individual members of a team at random.
10
LAB EXPERIMENT
11
INDEX
Sl. Signature
Name of the experiment Marks (50)
No. of the staff
1 Verification of Kirchhoff’s Laws
2 Verification of Superposition Theorem
3 Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem
4 Verification of Norton’s Theorem
Verification of Maximum Power

5
Transfer Theorm
6 Circuit Transients by Digital simulation
Verification of KVL and KCL using Digital

7
simulation
Verification of Superposition theorem &

8
Thevenin’s Theorem using Digital simulation
Verification of Reciprocity Theorem &
9 Maximum Power Transfer theorem using
Digital simulation
10 RLC Series Resonance by Digital simulation
Study - Transient analysis of Series RL, RC

11
circuits
12
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
Batch 1
Ex
Name of the experiment
No
1 Verification of Kirchhoff’s Laws
2 Verification of Superposition Theorem
3 Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem
4 Verification of Norton’s Theorem
Verification of Maximum Power

5
Transfer Theorem
13
DEPT. OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

SRM UNIVERSITY, Kattankulathur – 603 203
Title of Experiment : Verification of Kirchhoff’s Laws
Name of the candidate :
Register Number :
Date of Experiment :
Sl. Marks Split up Maximum marks Marks obtained

No. (50)
1 Attendance 5
2 Pre Lab questions 5
3 Preparation of observation 10
4 Execution of experiment 15
5 Calculation / Evaluation of Result 10
6 Post Lab questions 5
Total 50
Staff Signature
14
PRE LAB QUESTIONS
1. Define energy.
2. Define power.
3. What is charge?
4. What is network?
15
Experiment No. 1 VERIFICATION OF KIRCHHOFFS LAWS

Date :
Aim:
To verify Kirchhoff’s current law and Kirchhoff’s voltage law for the given
circuit.
Apparatus Required:
Sl.No. Apparatus Range Quantity
1 RPS (regulated power supply) (0-30V) 2
2 Resistance 330, 220 1k 6
3 Ammeter (0-30mA)MC 3
4 Voltmeter (0-30V)MC 3
5 Bread Board & Wires -- Required
Statement:
KCL: The algebraic sum of the currents meeting at a node is equal to zero.
KVL: In any closed path / mesh, the algebraic sum of all the voltages is zero.
Precautions:
1. Voltage control knob should be kept at minimum position.
2. Current control knob of RPS should be kept at maximum position.
Procedure for KCL:

1. Give the connections as per the circuit diagram.
2. Set a particular value in RPS.
3. Note down the corresponding ammeter reading
4. Repeat the same for different voltages
Procedure for KVL:

1. Give the connections as per the circuit diagram.
2. Set a particular value in RPS.
3. Note all the voltage reading
4. Repeat the same for different voltages
16
Circuit - KCL
Circuit - KVL
KCL - Theoretical Values:

Sl. Voltage Current I1 = I2 + I3
No. E I1 I2 I3
Volts mA mA mA mA
1 5 5.68 3.12 2.56 5.68
2 10 11.3 6.18 5.12 11.3
3 15 17.05 9.37 7.68 17.05
4 20 22.73 12.49 10.24 22.075
5 25 28.42 15.62 12.68 28.42
KCL - Practical Values:

Sl. Voltage Current I1 = I2 + I3
No. E I1 I2 I3
Volts mA mA mA mA
1 5 5.6 3.1 2.2 5.3
2 15 17.2 9.4 7.6 17
3 25 28 15.6 12.7 28.3
17
KVL – Theoretical Values

Sl.No. RPS Voltage KVL
E1 E2 V1 V2 V3 E1 = V1 + V2
V V V V V V
1 5 5 0.58 4.41 0.583 4.99
2 10 10 1.16 8.83 1.17 9.99
3 15 15 1.75 13.2 1.75 14.95
4 20 20 2.33 17.67 2.33 20
5 25 25 2.913 22.08 2.915 24.993
KVL - Practical Values

Sl.No. RPS Voltage KVL
E1 E2 V1 V2 V3 E1 = V1 + V2
V V V V V V
1 5 5 0.6 4.4 0.56 5
2 10 10 1.13 8.83 1.19 9.96
3 15 15 1.72 13.20 1.78 14.92
Model Calculations:
Result:
Thus Kirchoff’s voltage load and Kirchoff’s current law verified both
theoretically and practically.
18
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1. Define Ohm’s law.
2. Define Kirchhoff’s current law.
3. Define Kirchhoff’s voltage law.
4. What are the applications of regulated power supply?
19

Title of Experiment : Verification of Superposition Theorem
Register Number :

No. (50)
1 Attendance 5
Total 50
Staff Signature
20
PRE LAB QUESTIONS
1. Define active and passive elements.
2. Define an ideal voltage source.
3. Define an ideal current source.
4. What is meant by source transformation?
21
Experiment No. 2 VERIFICATION OF SUPERPOSITION THEOREM

Date :
Aim:
To verify the superposition theorem for the given circuit.
Apparatus Required:
2 Ammeter (0-10mA) 1
3 Resistors 1k, 330, 220 3
4 Bread Board -- --
5 Wires -- Required
Statement:
Superposition theorem states that in a linear bilateral network containing more

than one source, the current flowing through the branch is the algebraic sum of the
current flowing through that branch when sources are considered one at a time and
replacing other sources by their respective internal resistances.
Precautions:
1. Voltage control knob should be kept at manimum position

2. current control knob of RPS should be kept at maximum position
Procedure:
1. Give the connections as per the diagram.
2. Set a particular voltage value using RPS1 and RPS2 & note down the ammeter
reading
3. Set the same voltage in circuit I using RPS1 alone and short circuit the
terminals and note the ammeter reading.
4. Set the same voltage in RPS2 alone as in circuit I and note down the ammeter
reading.
5. Verify superposition theorem.
22
CIRCUIT - 1
CIRCUIT - 2
CIRCUIT - 3
TABULAR COLUMN
Theoretical Values
RPS Ammeter Reading
1 2 (I)
mA
Circuit – 1 10 V 10 V I = 8.83
Circuit – 2 10 V 0V I’= 3.5
Circuit – 3 0V 10 V I”= 5.3
I = I’  I” = 8.83
23
Practical Values
RPS Ammeter Reading
1 2 (I)
mA
Circuit – 1 10 V 10 V I = 8.5
Circuit – 2 10 V 0V I’= 3.5
Circuit – 3 0V 10 V I”= 5
I = I’  I” = 8.5 mA
= 3.5 + 5 = 8.5 mA
Model Calculations:
Result:
Superposition theorem have been verified theoretically and practically.
24
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1. State superposition theorem.
2. What are the Steps to solve Superposition Theorem?
3. Define unilateral and bilateral elements.
4. List limitation of superposition theorem.
25

Title of Experiment : Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem
Register Number :

No. (50)
1 Attendance 5
Total 50
Staff Signature
26
PRE LAB QUESTIONS
1. Define Lumped and distributed elements.
2. What are independent source?
3. What are dependent sources?
4. Two inductors with equal value of “L” are connected in series and parallel what is the
equivalent inductance?
5. What are the different types of dependent or controlled sources?
27
Experiment No. 3 VERIFICATION OF THEVENIN’S THEOREM

Date :
Aim:
To verify Thevenin’s theorem and to find the full load current for the given
circuit.
Apparatus Required:

2 Ammeter (0-10mA) 1
3 Resistors 1K, 330 3,1
4 Bread Board -- Required
5 DRB -- 1
Statement:
Any linear bilateral, active two terminal network can be replaced by a equivalent
voltage source (VTH). Thevenin’s voltage or VOC in series with looking pack resistance
RTH.
Precautions:
1. Voltage control knob of RPS should be kept at minimum position.
2. Current control knob of RPS should be kept at maximum position
Procedure:
1. Connections are given as per the circuit diagram.
2. Set a particular value of voltage using RPS and note down the corresponding
ammeter readings.
To find VTH
3. Remove the load resistance and measure the open circuit voltage using
multimeter (VTH).
To find RTH
4. To find the Thevenin’s resistance, remove the RPS and short circuit it and find
the RTH using multimeter.
5. Give the connections for equivalent circuit and set VTH and RTH and note the
corresponding ammeter reading.
6. Verify Thevenins theorem.
Theoretical and Practical Values

E(V) VTH(V) RTH() IL (mA)
Circuit - I Equivalent Circuit
Theoretical 10 5 495 3.34 3.34
Practical 10 4.99 484 3.3 3.36
28
Circuit - 1 : To find load current
To find VTH
To find RTH
Thevenin’s Equivalent circuit:
29
Model Calculations:
Result:
Hence the Thevenin’s theorem is verified both practically and theoretically
30
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1. State Thevenin’s Theorem.
2. Draw the Thevenin’s equivalent circuit
3. What are the two quantities to be determined to apply Thevenin’s Theorem?
4. Write the steps to find RTH
5. Write the steps to find VTH
31

Title of Experiment : Verification of Norton’s Theorem
Register Number :

No. (50)
1 Attendance 5
Total 50
Staff Signature
32
PRE LAB QUESTIONS
1. Distinguish between a branch and a node of a circuit.
2. Write down the V-I relationship of circuit elements.
3. Two capacitors with equal value of “C” are connected in series and parallel. What is
the equivalent Capacitance?
4. Write down the formula to convert a star connected network into a delta network?
5. Write down the formula to convert a delta connected network into a star network?
33
Experiment No. 4 VERIFICATION OF NORTON’S THEOREM

Date :
Aim:
To verify Norton’s theorem for the given circuit.
Apparatus Required:

1 Ammeter (0-10mA) MC 1
(0-30mA) MC 1
2 Resistors 330, 1K 3,1
3 RPS (0-30V) 2
4 Bread Board -- 1
5 Wires -- Required
Statement:
Any linear, bilateral, active two terminal network can be replaced by an
equivalent current source (IN) in parallel with Norton’s resistance (RN)
Precautions:
Procedure:
1. Connections are given as per circuit diagram.
2. Set a particular value in RPS and note down the ammeter readings in the
original circuit.
To Find IN:
3. Remove the load resistance and short circuit the terminals.
4. For the same RPS voltage note down the ammeter readings.
To Find RN:
5. Remove RPS and short circuit the terminal and remove the load and note
down the resistance across the two terminals.
Equivalent Circuit:
6. Set IN and RN and note down the ammeter readings.
7. Verify Norton’s theorem.
34
To find load current in circuit 1:
To find IN
To find RN
Norton’s equivalent circuit
Constant current source

35
Theoretical and Practical Values

E IN RN IL (mA)
(volts) (mA) ()
Circuit - I Equivalent
Circuit
Theoretical 10 10.10 495 334 3.34
Values
Practical 10 10.4 485 3.4 4
Values
Model Calculations:
Result:
Norton’s was verified practically and theoretically
36
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1. State Norton’s theorem.
2. What are the Steps to solve Norton’s Theorem
3. What is the load current in a Norton’s circuit?
4. What is difference between RTH and RN?
37

Title of Experiment : Verification of Maximum Power

Transfer Theorem
Register Number :

No. (50)
1 Attendance 5
Total 50
Staff Signature
38
PRE LAB QUESTIONS
1. Give the expression for maximum power in DC circuit
2. Give the value of Load voltage of D.C circuit under maximum power transfer
condition
3. Under what condition is the power delivered to a load maximum in D.C circuit?
4. Under what condition is the power delivered to a load maximum in A.C circuit?
When ZL = ZTH*
39
Experiment No. 5 VERIFICATION OF MAXIMUM POWER TRANSFER

Date : THEOREM
Aim:
To verify maximum power transfer theorem for the given circuit
Apparatus Required:

1 RPS (0-30V) 1
2 Voltmeter (0-10V) MC 1
3 Resistor 1K, 1.3K, 3 3
4 DRB -- 1
5 Bread Board & wires -- Required
Statement:
In a linear, bilateral circuit the maximum power will be transferred to the load
when load resistance is equal to source resistance.
Precautions:
Procedure:
Circuit – I
1. Connections are given as per the diagram and set a particular voltage in RPS.
2. Vary RL and note down the corresponding ammeter and voltmeter reading.
3. Repeat the procedure for different values of R L & Tabulate it.
4. Calculate the power for each value of RL.
To find VTH:
5. Remove the load, and determine the open circuit voltage using multimeter
(VTH)
To find RTH:
6. Remove the load and short circuit the voltage source (RPS).
7. Find the looking back resistance (RTH) using multimeter.
Equivalent Circuit:
8. Set VTH using RPS and RTH using DRB and note down the ammeter reading.
9. Calculate the power delivered to the load (RL = RTH)
10. Verify maximum transfer theorem.
40
Circuit - 1
To find VTH
To find RTH
Thevenin’s Equation Circuit
41
Power VS RL
Circuit – I
Sl.No. RL () I (mA) V(V) P=VI (watts)

1 200 1.3 0.27 0.26
2 400 1.2 0.481 0.53
3 600 1.1 0.638 0.707
4 800 1 0.771 0.771
5 1200 0.80 1.083 0.866
6 1300 0.77 1.024 0.788
7 1400 0.74 0.998 0.738
8 1500 0.71 0.968 0.687
To find Thevenin’s equivalent circuit

VTH (V) RTH () IL (mA) P (milli watts)
Theoretical 2002 1320 0.758 0.759
Value
2 1306 0.77 0.77

Practical Value
42
Model Calculations:
Result:
Thus maximum power theorem was verified both practically and theoretically
43
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1. State maximum power transfer theorem.
2. Write some applications of maximum transfer theorem.
3. Draw the equivalent maximum transfer theorem
4. What are the Steps to solve Maximum power transfer Theorem?
44
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
Batch 2
Ex No Title of the experiment
6 Circuit Transients by Digital simulation
7 Verification of KVL and KCL using Digital simulation
Verification of Superposition theorem &

8
Thevenin’s Theorem using Digital simulation
Verification of Reciprocity Theorem &
9
Maximum Power Transfer theorem using Digital simulation
10 RLC Series Resonance by Digital simulation
11 Study - Transient analysis of Series RL, RC circuits
45

Title of Experiment : Verification of KVL and KCL

using Digital Simulation
Register Number :

No. (50)
1 Attendance 5
Total 50
Staff Signature
46
PRE LAB QUESTIONS
1. What is MATLAB?
2. What is SIMULINK?
3. Name the toolboxes that you are using to simulate the circuit.
4. State KCL and KVL.
47
Experiment No. 6 Verification of KVL and KCL using Digital

Date : Simulation
Aim:
To simulate the given circuit using Matlab Simulink and verify Kirchhoff’s
Voltage Law and Kirchhoff’s Current Law.
Given Circuit:
Theortical Values:
I1= 6A , I2 = -1A , I5 = 6A , I20 = 1A , I8 = 5A

V5 = 30V , V20 = -20V , V8 = 40V
48
Simulated Circuit:
Result :
The given Circuit was simulated using Matlab Simulink and KVL and KCL was verified.
49
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1) Illustrate KCL and KVL.
2) How do you print the simulated circuit in MATLAB?
3) State the applications of KCL and KVL.
50

Title of Experiment : Verification of Superposition Theorem &

Thevenin’s Theorem using Digital Simulation
Register Number :

No. (50)
1 Attendance 5
Total 50
Staff Signature
51
PRE LAB QUESTIONS
1) How do you measure the current and voltages in MATLAB?
2) When do you use Display and when do you use Scope to get the output in
MATLAB?
3) State Thevenin’s Theorem.
4) State Superposition Theorem.
52
Experiment No. 7 Verification of Superposition Theorem &

Date : Thevenin’s Theorem using Digital Simulation
Aim:
To simulate the given circuit using Matlab Simulink and verify Superposition theorem.
Given circuit:
53
Simulated Circuit:
a) Considering only 20V supply and short circuiting the other sources
b) Current in 2Ω (I1) = 6.896 amps

c) Considering only the 5V source,
Current in 2Ω (I3) = -0.1528 amps
54
d) Considering only 50V source,
current in 2Ω (I2) = -1.711 amps

Considering all sources,
Observation:
I=I1+I2+I3
I =6.896-1.1711-0.1528 = 5.032 A
Result:
The given circuit was simulated using Matlab Simulink and Superposition theorem
verified.
55
Aim:
To simulate the given circuit using Matlab Simulink and verify Thevenin’s theorem
Given Circuit
56
Simulated Circuit:
a) To find current across Load resistance
current in the branch 5 ohm is IL = 0.1946 A
b) Short circuiting the load resistance RL ,
57
Thevenin voltage Vth=2.717 V

c) Thevenin’s Equivalent Circuit
Load current, IL=0.1945 A
Result:
The given circuit was simulated using Matlab Simulink and Thevenin’s theorem was
verified.
58
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1) State the limitations of superposition Theorem.
2) Give the applications of Thevenin’s and Superposition Thoerem.
3) Name the blocks which you used to simulate the circuit?
4) How do you choose DC current source in Simulink?
59

Title of Experiment : Verification of Reciprocity Theorem & Maximum

Power Transfer theorem using Digital simulation
Register Number :

No. (50)
1 Attendance 5
Total 50
Staff Signature
60
PRE LAB QUESTIONS
1) State Reciprocity Theorem.
2) State Maximum Power Transfer.
3) What is the condition for maximum power transfer?
4) To what type of the circuit, the reciprocity theorem applicable?
5) What is load matching?
61
Experiment No. 8 Verification of Reciprocity Theorem & Maximum

Date : Power Transfer theorem using Digital simulation
Aim:
To simulate and verify the Reciprocity & Maximum power Transfer theorem for a given
circuit using Matlab/Simulink Toolbox.
Given Circuit for simulation & verification of Reciprocity theorem
Case a) Circuit with Voltage source
Case b) Circuit with Current source
Given Circuit for simulation & verification of Maximum power Transfer
62
Circuit Digital Simulation for Reciprocity Theorem:
Case (1) Circuit with Voltage source
Case (2) Circuit with Current source
Circuit Digital Simulation for Maximum Power Transfer Theorem:
Case a) When Rload < Rth
Case b) When Rload > Rth

63
Case c) When Rload = Rth
Result:
The given circuits are simulated using Matlab Simulink and Reciprocity theorem and
Maximum Power Transfer Theorem are verified.
64
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1) What is transfer resistance in reciprocity theorem?
2) What are mutually transferable in the reciprocity theorem?
3) What is the field of application of this maximum power transfer theorem?
4) When will the power extracted from a circuit is maximum?
65

Title of Experiment : Circuit Transient by Digital Simulation
Register Number :

No. (50)
1 Attendance 5
Total 50
Staff Signature
66
PRE LAB QUESTIONS
1. Write down the V-I relationship of circuit elements.
2. What is transient state?
3. What is transient time?
4. What is natural response?
5. What is transient response?
67
Experiment No. 9 Circuit Transients by Digital simulation

Date :
Aim : To determine the transient current and voltage across element through RL and RC
series circuits using PSPICE.
RL TRANSIENT
Given Circuit:
Output:
i) Current i(t) vs time(t)
68
ii) Voltage VRvs time(t)
RC TRANSIENT
Given Circuit:
69
Output:
i) Current i(t) vs time(t)
ii) Voltage VCvs time(t)
Result: The transient currents and voltage through the given RL and RC circuits were
determined by simulation using PSPICE.
70
POST LAB QUESTIONS

1. Define time constant of RL Circuit.
2. Define time constant of RC Circuit.
3. What is the time taken for the current to reach its steady state value in RL charging
circuit?
4. What is the time taken for the voltage to reach its steady state value in RC charging
circuit?
5. What is the voltage across the capacitor after 10τ sec in an RC discharging circuit?
71

Title of Experiment : RLC Series Resonance by Digital simulation
Register Number :

No. (50)
1 Attendance 5
Total 50
Staff Signature
72
PRE LAB QUESTIONS

1. What is the condition for resonance in RLC series circuit?
2. What is resonant frequency?
3. Define bandwidth.
4. Define quality factor.
5. Draw the frequency response of RLC series circuit
73
Experiment No. 10 RLC Series Resonance by Digital simulation

Date :
Aim : To determine resonant frequency of an RLC series circuit using PSPICE.
Given Circuit:
Output:
Resonant frequency = 580Hz
Result: The resonant frequency of the given RLC circuit was determined using PSPICE.
74
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1. Derive the formula for resonance frequency
2. Write the formula for quality factor.
3. Write the relation between fr, Q and band width.
4. At the time of resonance, power factor of the circuit will be
5. At the time of resonance, current in RLC series circuit will be maximum. Why?
75

Title of Experiment : Transient analysis of Series RL, RC circuits
Register Number :

No. (50)
1 Attendance 5
Total 50
Staff Signature
76
PRE LAB QUESTIONS

1) Define Transient.
2) Time constant for RL Circuit.
3) Time constant for RC Circuit.
4) How will you design the values of L & C in a transient circuit?
77
Experiment No. 11
Date : Transient analysis of Series RL, RC circuits
Aim:
To obtain the transient response and measure the time constant of a series RL and
RC circuit for DC input.
Apparatus Required:
Sl. No. Apparatus Range Quantity

1 Function Generator 800Hz 1
2 Inductor 1 nF 1
3 Resistor 4KΩ 1
4 Capacitor 1
5 Bread Board & Wires -- Required
6 CRO 1
7 CRO Probes 2
Theory
In this experiment, we apply a pulse waveform to the RL or RC circuit to analyze

the transient response of the circuit. The pulse-width relative to a circuit’s time constant
determines how it is affected by an RC or RL circuit.
Time Constant (τ): A measure of time required for certain changes in voltages and
currents in RC and RL circuits. Generally, when the elapsed time exceeds five time
constants (5τ) after switching has occurred, the currents and voltages have reached their
final value, which is also called steady-state response.
The time constant of an RC circuit is the product of equivalent capacitance and
the Thévenin resistance as viewed from the terminals of the equivalent capacitor.
τ = RC
A Pulse is a voltage or current that changes from one level to the other and back
again. If a waveform’s hight time equals its low time, as in figure, it is called a square
wave. The length of each cycle of a pulse train is termed its period (T). The pulse width
(tp) of an ideal square wave is equal to half the time period.
Procedure for RL:
1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram.

2. Choose square wave mode in signal generator
3. Using CRO, adjust the amplitude to be 2 volts peak to peak.
4. Take care of the precaution and set the input frequency.
5. Observe and plot the output waveform.
6. Calculate the time required by the output to reach 0.632 times the final value
(peak).
7. This value gives the practical time constant. Tabulate the theoretical and practical
values.
78
Model Calculation:
79
Result:
Thus the transient waveform is obtained for a series RL and RC circuit and the
time constant is computed practically and theoretically. The theoretical and practical time
constants are given by:
Theoretical Time Constant =
Practical Time Constant =
80
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1) Why is it necessary to discharge the capacitor every time you want to record another
transient voltage across the capacitor?
2) If the capacitor remains charged, what would you expect to see across the capacitor
when you re-close the switch to try to record another transient?
3) What does the derivative of a step function look like?
4) What does the integral of a step function look like?
81

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EE1010 - ELECTRIC CIRCUITS LABORATORY

ELECTRIC CIRCUITS LABORATORY

1. Department Lab Manual

Mapping of Instructional Objectives Vs Student Outcomes

a).An ability to apply

b).An ability to design and

e).An ability to identify,

Mapping of Program Educational Objectives Vs Student Outcomes

PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

Student Outcomes PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

(a) an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics,

(b) an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well

(c) an ability to design a system, component, or process

(d) an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams

(e) an ability to identify, formulate, and solve

(f) an understanding of professional and ethical

(g) an ability to communicate effectively in both verbal

(h) The broad education necessary to understand the

(i) a recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage

(j) a knowledge of contemporary issues

(k) an ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern

Academic Course Description

TITLE : ELECTRIC CIRCUITS LABORATORY

VENUE : ELCTRONICS LAB-II (ESB 209 ),Simulation lab I &II(ESB

PREREQUISITES COURSES: EE1003- ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC CIRCUITS

PREREQUISITIES BY TOPIC: Basic Electric circuits, Network Theorems

Instructional Objective Student Outcomes

Text book(s) and/or required materials:

WEEK NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT REFERNCE Instructional Student Outcomes

IV (a).An ability to apply

X RLC Series Resonance by Digital (a).An ability to apply

LABORATORY POLICIES AND REPORT FORMAT:

1. Lab reports should be submitted on A4 paper. Your report is a professional presentation of

4. Labs will be graded as per the following grading policy:

1 Verification of Kirchhoff’s Laws

2 Verification of Superposition Theorem

3 Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem

4 Verification of Norton’s Theorem

Verification of Maximum Power

6 Circuit Transients by Digital simulation

Verification of KVL and KCL using Digital

Verification of Superposition theorem &

10 RLC Series Resonance by Digital simulation

Study - Transient analysis of Series RL, RC

1 Verification of Kirchhoff’s Laws

2 Verification of Superposition Theorem

3 Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem

4 Verification of Norton’s Theorem

Verification of Maximum Power

DEPT. OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Title of Experiment : Verification of Kirchhoff’s Laws

Name of the candidate :

Sl. Marks Split up Maximum marks Marks obtained

PRE LAB QUESTIONS

Experiment No. 1 VERIFICATION OF KIRCHHOFFS LAWS

Procedure for KCL:

Procedure for KVL:

KCL - Theoretical Values:

KCL - Practical Values:

KVL – Theoretical Values

KVL - Practical Values

POST LAB QUESTIONS