Virtaul Media Gateway & MSC Pool Concept

MGW (ZXUN iMG)
(GSM&UMTS)
Product Description (V4)
MGW (ZXUN iMG) (GSM&UMTS) Product Description (V4)
MGW (ZXUN iMG) (GSM&UMTS)

Product Description (V4)
Version Date Author Reviewer Notes
© 2016 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

ZTE CONFIDENTIAL: This document contains proprietary information of ZTE and is not to be disclosed or used
without the prior written permission of ZTE.
Due to update and improvement of ZTE products and technologies, information in this document is subjected to
change without notice.
ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 6
1.1 Location and Functions of ZXUN iMG in Network ................................................ 6
1.2 External Interfaces of ZXUN iMG in Network ....................................................... 8
2 Product Features ............................................................................................. 10

2.1 Unified ETCA Platform ....................................................................................... 10
2.2 Strong Cascade Ability ....................................................................................... 10
2.3 Rich Physical Interfaces ..................................................................................... 13
2.4 Intelligent Energy-saving and Pollutants-reduction ............................................. 14
2.5 Smooth Upgrading and Expansion Ability .......................................................... 14
2.6 Excellent Reliability ............................................................................................ 15
2.7 Manageability and Maintainability ...................................................................... 16
3 Service Functions ........................................................................................... 17

3.1 Basic Functions ................................................................................................. 17
3.1.1 Signaling Processing ......................................................................................... 17
3.1.2 User Plane Processing....................................................................................... 19
3.1.3 Media Resource Processing .............................................................................. 20
3.2 Featured Services .............................................................................................. 20
3.2.1 IPv6 ................................................................................................................... 20
3.2.2 AMR-WB............................................................................................................ 21
3.2.3 BFD ................................................................................................................... 21
3.2.4 MSC Pool Function ............................................................................................ 21
3.2.5 IuCS/A over IP ................................................................................................... 22
3.2.6 Virtual Gateway Technology .............................................................................. 22
3.2.7 VoIP Voice Quality Guarantee Technology ........................................................ 23
4 System Architecture........................................................................................ 25
4.1 Product Appearance .......................................................................................... 25
4.2 ZXUN iMG Internal Shelf Structure .................................................................... 26
4.2.1 ZXUN iMG Cabinet Structure ............................................................................. 26
4.2.2 Internal Structure of ZXUN iMG Shelf ................................................................ 28
4.3 ZXUN iMG system logical structure.................................................................... 30
4.4 Software Architecture ......................................................................................... 32
5 Operation and Maintenance............................................................................ 34

5.1 Configuration Management System ................................................................... 34
5.2 Alarm Management System ............................................................................... 34
5.3 Performance Management System .................................................................... 35
2 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

5.4 Diagnosis Test System ...................................................................................... 35

5.5 Signaling Tracing System .................................................................................. 35
5.6 Failure Observation System ............................................................................... 35
5.7 Security Management System ........................................................................... 36
5.8 Log Management System .................................................................................. 36
6 Networking Application .................................................................................. 37

6.1 VMGW ............................................................................................................... 37
6.2 GMGW ............................................................................................................... 38
6.3 Combined VMGW and GMGW .......................................................................... 38
6.4 TMGW ............................................................................................................... 39
6.5 Dual Homing Networking ................................................................................... 40
6.6 MSC Pool Networking ........................................................................................ 41
7 Technical Indices and Specifications ............................................................ 43

7.1 Size and Weight ................................................................................................. 43
7.2 Capacity ............................................................................................................. 43
7.3 Clock and Time Synchronization Performance ................................................... 45
7.4 Power Supply..................................................................................................... 45
7.4.1 Power Supply System Range............................................................................. 45
7.4.2 Power Consumption........................................................................................... 46
7.5 Transmission ..................................................................................................... 46
7.6 Working Environment ......................................................................................... 47
7.6.1 Temperature and Humidity................................................................................. 47
7.6.2 Cleanness .......................................................................................................... 47
7.6.3 Air Pollution........................................................................................................ 47
7.7 Reliability ........................................................................................................... 47
8 Abbreviations .................................................................................................. 48

FIGURES
Figure 1-1 Location of ZXUN iMG in GSM/UMTS Mobile Softswitch Network ..................... 6
Figure 1-2 External Interfaces of ZXUN iMG in GSM/UMTS Network ................................. 8
Figure 2-1 ZXUN iMG Fabric Plane Multi-shelves Cascade ...............................................11
Figure 2-2 ZXUN iMG Base Plane Multi-shelves Cacade...................................................11
Figure 2-3 ZXUN iMG TDM Three-shelf Interconnection ....................................................12
Figure 3-1 Virtual MGW .....................................................................................................22
Figure 4-1 ZXUN iMG Cabinet Appearance .......................................................................25
Figure 4-2 Service Plug-in Box Appearance ......................................................................26
Figure 4-3 Internal Structure of ZXUN Cabinet...................................................................26
Figure 6-1 VMGW Application ............................................................................................37
Figure 6-2 GMGW Application ...........................................................................................38
Figure 6-3 Combined VMGW and GMGW .........................................................................38
Figure 6-4 TMGW Application ............................................................................................39
TABLES
Table 1-1 Interfaces Supported by ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) ............................................. 9

Table 2-1 ZXUN iMG (GSM&UMTS)Hardware Interface ....................................................13
Table 4-1 ZXUN iMG Cabinet Parameters .........................................................................28
Table 7-1 E8280 Cabinet Parameter ..................................................................................43
Table 7-2 ZXUN iMG (GSM&UMTS)Capacity Indices ........................................................43
Table 7-3 ZXUN iMG (GSM&UMTS)Reference Traffic Model ............................................44
Table 7-4 ZXUN iMG (GSM&UMTS)Clock and Time Synchronization Performance Indices
.............................................................................................................................................45
Table 7-5 Standards Used by ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) Interface and Supported Cable Types
.............................................................................................................................................46
Table 7-6 ZXUN iMG Temperature and Humidity ...............................................................47

Table 7-7 ZXUN iMG Reliability Indices .............................................................................47

1 Overview
1.1 Location and Functions of ZXUN iMG in Network
ZXUN iMG works as ZTE integrated-services media gateway, in Mobile Softswitch and
IMS networks, implements media access, IMS network interworking and MRFP media
resources functions, mainly to complete a variety of voice, video, data format conversion
and interworking between the mobile network and PSTN network, IMS network. ZXUN
iMG works as the carrier-class media gateway, providing the carrier-class voice quality,
management and operation. Meanwhile, it is featured with high reliability, high availability
and easy maintenance. This document provides the product description of ZXUN iMG
work as media gateway in GSM and UMTS network.
ZXUN iMG supports service bearer function of VMSC, TMSC, and GMSC in GSM/UMTS
network, which helps smoothly update to IM-MGW/MRFP.
ZXUN iMG has built-in signaling gateway (SGW) /STP to implement the networking
through various signaling bearing connection modes, or set independent SGW/STP in
the actual networking.
The location of ZXUN iMG in GSM/UMTS network is shown in following figure.
Figure 1-1 Location of ZXUN iMG in GSM/UMTS Mobile Softswitch Network

The functions of ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) in the network are shown as follows:
 Bearer access and switch
MGW supports three kinds of media traffic bearer modes: TDM bearer, IP bearer and
ATM bearer. It also supports the traffic interworking under the three bearer modes.
 Bearer control
With IP bearer and ATM bearer, the communication among MGW media traffic is
asynchronous. MGW supports bearer control under this situation, including bearer
establishing, release and modification of bearer attributes.
 Inbuilt SGW
As the MGW accesses ATM bearer in Iu interface or accesses TDM bearer in A interface,
Mc interface usually uses IP bearer, under this situation, MGW is featured with SGW
function to realize traditional No.7 signaling network conversion to IP signaling network.
 Interworking
MGW interworks with traditional No.7 network, associated network, IP network and
PSTN network.

 Resource library
MGW plays call service tone and intelligent tone, plays and detects DTMF tone and MFC
tone. For MSC Server, MGW is a voice resource library.
 Voice processing
MGW is featured with various voice coding&decoding functions, including PCM-A, PCM-
μ, AMR-NB, AMR-WB, FR-AMR, HR-AMR, GSM-FR, GSM-HR, GSM-EFR, G.723,
G.729, etc. It also supports TrFO function.
 Data service
MGW supports multiple data services in CS domain:
 Non-transparent data service with speed rate of 14.4kbit/s, 28.8kbit/s, 57.6kbit/s.
 Transparent data service with speed rate of 28.8kbit/s,32kbit/s,33.6kbit/s.
 GSM transparent and synchronous CSD service, transparent asynchronous CSD

service, and G3 fax service.
 3G-324M video service.
 OMC function.
It includes configuration management, dynamic management, signaling trace and

performance management, etc.
1.2 External Interfaces of ZXUN iMG in Network
The external interfaces of ZXUN iMG in GSM/UMTS network are shown below:
Figure 1-2 External Interfaces of ZXUN iMG in GSM/UMTS Network

The interfaces supported by ZXUN iMG (GSM&UMTS)are listed in following table:
Table 1-1 Interfaces Supported by ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS)

Interworking NE Interface Bearer Interface Functions
Mode
MGW~RNC Iu-CS IP/ATM Support UMTS/TD RNC user plane

access
MGW~BSC A TDM/IP Support GSM BSC user plane access
MGW~MSC Mc IP MSC Server realizes media control of
Server MGW via Mc, controls media plane
traffic format conversion and
transmission among different
interfaces.
MGW~MGW Nb TDM/IP User plane interface among MGWs,
/ATM realize media traffic transmission.
MGW~PSTN/IS Ai TDM Work as the GMGW to realize voice

DN interworking between CS network
and PSTN/ISDN voice.

2 Product Features
2.1 Unified ETCA Platform
ZXUN iMG uses ETCA hardware platform. ZTE Enhanced Telecommunications

Computing Architecture (ETCA) is a universal and open telecom service platform based
on ATCA technology. It meets operator’s service application requirements for high
performance, high reliability, high expansibility and high maintainability. This platform is
the unified platform for ZTE’s next-generation network.
ZTE ETCA platform is widely applied in various NEs, including IMS, Mobile Softswitch,
HLR, etc, which helps guarantee stability and reliability of the unified platform. ZTE ETCA
hardware platform has the following features:
 Open: it follows ATCA design specifications, PICMG3.0 R2.0 standards and IPMI
1.5 standards.
 Modular and slot design: the boards, power modules and fan plug-in shelf are
inserted in the unified ETCA shelf.
 Good expansibility: performance, I/O, storage ability expansion to realize smooth

system expansion.
 Save installation space, transmission resources, power consumption, reduces

equipment and maintenance cost effectively.
 Carrier-class availability: high expansibility, reliability and maintainability.
2.2 Strong Cascade Ability
The single ZXUN iMG cabinet provides TDM switch network, control plane IP switch
network, media plane switch network, with strong cascade and interconnect ability. The
single cabinet has the advanced capacity in the industry, which effectively reduce initial
construction cost and later maintenance cost for operators.

ZXUN iMG realizes inter-shelf cascade of TDM, media plane packet data, control plane
service via rear boards TSW, FSW, BSW respectively. TSW board is used for TDM
cascade and interconnection; FSW board is used for Fabric plane (media plane) packet
cascade; BSW board is used for Base plane (control plane) cascade.
Fabric plane cascade, shown in figure below, each shelf is configured with one pair of
FSW boards, and each board provides two 10GE cascade port to realize multi-shelves
cascade.
Figure 2-1 ZXUN iMG Fabric Plane Multi-shelves Cascade
Base plane cascade, shown in figure below, each shelf is configured with one pair of
BSW boards, and each board provides four GE cascade port to realize multi-shelves
cascade.
Figure 2-2 ZXUN iMG Base Plane Multi-shelves Cacade

TDM cascade: each shelf’s TSW board external 64K cascade ability is used for
inter-shelf TDM cascade, to realize multi-shelves interconnection, and meet the large
capacity networking requirements of TDM. The following figure shows three-shelves
interconnection.
Figure 2-3 ZXUN iMG TDM Three-shelf Interconnection

2.3 Rich Physical Interfaces
ZXUN iMG provides open and standard interfaces, supporting GSM and UMTS
networking requirements, which is easy for smooth evolution to LTE and equipment
expansion.
ZXUN iMG system supports IP, TDM, ATM, etc transmission simultaneously, and
existing NE interfaces and protocols, which is convenient for interworking with any
existing network.
ZXUN iMG provides rich hardware interfaces for networking requirements under various
environments, listed in following table:
Table 2-1 ZXUN iMG (GSM&UMTS)Hardware Interface
Physical Interface Description

Interface
E1,T1 Interconnect with PSTN, BSC, MSC and the opposite MGW.
STM-1,OC-3 Interconnect with PSTN, BSC, MSC and the opposite MGW,
support single-mode and multimode optical interfaces

Physical Interface Description

Interface
GE(OMM) Connect with OMC equipment
GE(bearer) Adaptive port, for IP bearer voice and CS data service
connection, for Iu over IP, Nb over IP, A over IP connection.
GE(control) For control plane connection among Mc, as well as SIGTRAN IP
signaling connection.
8kHz clock Extract 8kHz clock from TDM trunk interface board.
Bits clock Extract clock from BITS equipment, including 2.048MHz and
2.048Mbit/s.
2.4 Intelligent Energy-saving and Pollutants-reduction
ZXUN iMG uses high-efficient energy-saving strategy, which is helpful to energy-saving

and pollutants reduction:
 ETCA shelf is configured with high-efficient power supply modules; the output
efficiency reaches 99.5%.
 Select advanced multi-core processing devices with low power consumption.
 The latest DDR3 memory technology reduces 30% power consumption of DDR2
memory.
 Realize board power-off function by cooperation between IPMI and shelf, which
effectively solves the energy wasting as a result of tidal effect.
 Automatic adjustment of fan speed according to shelf temperature, which effectively

reduces fan consumption.
 Unique high-density design saves equipment room space.
2.5 Smooth Upgrading and Expansion Ability
ZXUN iMG uses modular and distributed design, performs capacity configuration
according to customer requirements. When equipment needs expansion, it adds
corresponding board configuration without stopping services. When service needs
upgrading, it upgrades software or adds new boards without stopping services. It realizes

smooth expansion and upgrading without awareness, which helps enhance user
satisfaction.
2.6 Excellent Reliability
ZXUN iMG provides excellent reliability guarantee mechanism, avoids single-point fault,
and increases system reliability.
 System reliability
 Distributed design, dual power supply. System supports flexible backup mode
including 1+1 backup, load sharing and resources pool, etc.
 Automatic changeover of boards and interfaces, which guarantee non-stop system

running.
 The service processing unit uses load sharing mode, when one node fails, the load
is automatically transferred to other nodes.
 The separation of control traffic and media traffic with no interruption.
 Hardware reliability
 The hardware equipment reliability is verified after high-temperature aging

experiment, the whole production procedure is strictly controlled.
 The external interface of board uses protective design, which reduces influences
brought by external attack.
 Board power-up has self-detection function, which locates and localizes problems
timely.
 OMM provides hardware diagnosis and test ability.
 Boards support hot-swappable, the swapping is secured and reliable.
 Software reliability
 Modular design, software engineering design concept and loose coupling among
modules reduce software failure.

 Support user mode system, independent process space, the single process’s fault
has no direct influence on other processes. The multi-level protection of software
and data has self-detection and automatic recovery function.
 Multi-level overload control and alarm mechanism further guarantees system

reliability: discard some services under high load, to prevent system from high-load
attack.
 Support lossless upgrading, data can be changed back quickly, when upgrading is
unsuccessful.
2.7 Manageability and Maintainability
ZXUN iMG has complete operation, management and maintenance system, with the
following features:
 B/S structure ensures system with good networking ability and expansibility.
 OMM server directly uses blade on the rack, which is convenient for deployment,
reduces cost and saves equipment room space.
 OMM client provides friendly interface with easy, convenient and reliable operations,
it also provides remote and near access modes, with both local and remote
operation and maintenance.
 High security with multi-level rights protection
 Performance measurement, traffic statistics, security management, service

observation, user(equipment) tracing, signaling tracing, data configuration, version
upgrading, alarm, load, data backup and transmission, etc functions. ZXUN iMG
provides multiple correct and reliable O&M ways, and adds corresponding functions
according to actual network running.

3 Service Functions
3.1 Basic Functions
ZXUN iMG fulfills media traffic format conversion IP/ATM/TDM bearer, cooperates with
ZTE MSC Server to provide rich 2G/3G services.
ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) provides following basic services:
 Signaling processing:
Include narrowband No.7 signaling, broadband No.7 signaling, SIGTRAN signaling,

gateway control signaling, bearer control signaling and associated signaling.
 User plane processing:
Include transmission network layer processing and user plane application layer
processing.
 Media resources processing:
Include tone playback, DTMF, MFC and mix processing of media traffic.
3.1.1 Signaling Processing
3.1.1.1 Narrowband No.7 Signaling Processing
It realizes No.7 signaling on TDM bearer:
 Provide 64K, N*64K, 2M MTP2 link function, and MTP3 network layer function.
3.1.1.2 Broadband SS7 Processing Function
 SAAL, includes SSCOP, SSCF and LM, realizes broadband SS7 link-level
functions.

 MTP3B, implements broadband SS7 messages processing and routing, provides

message transmission for upper layer users such as H.248 and ALCAP.
3.1.1.3 SIGTRAN Protocol Set Processing
It realizes SS7 signaling function in IP bearer:
 SCTP, the IP-based flow control transmission protocol, provides service for
traditional SS7 transmission in IP domain.
 M3UA provides support for network address translation and mapping, routing
keywords management, SCTP connection management, AS and ASP status
maintenance.
 Signaling adaptation and conversion protocols for M2UA, M2PA ,SUA and IUA, and
support various SGW networking modes.
3.1.1.4 H.248 Protocol Processing
 Gateway control protocol includes call-related and agnostic processing.
 Call agnostic processing: MGW registers in MSC Server, only MGW registered in
MSC Server can process calls, and only normal TDM resource in MGW TDM status
reporting can be assigned to some call.
 Call-related processing: MSC Server controls MGW bearer resources, media

resources, and connection among resources by commands, packet, and SDP
description regulated in H.248 protocols.
3.1.1.5 Bearer Control Signaling Processing
 ALCAP： When ATM is the bearer, ALCAP controls AAL2 connection setup,
release, and operate AAL2 resource.
 IPBCP is used to transfer bearer media flow attributes between MGWs, such as IP
address, RTP/RTCP port number, IP bearer setup and modification.

3.1.1.6 Associated Signaling Processing
 Support China NO.1 signaling and R2 signaling, for interconnection among offices
by associated mode.
3.1.2 User Plane Processing
3.1.2.1 Access and Termination Processing
 Fulfill A over IP, Iu over IP, Nb over IP, Mb data access.
 When transmission bearer is ATM, it fulfills AAL2 termination.
 When transmission bearer is IP, it fulfills RTP/RTCP/UDP/IP termination.
 Process IuUP and NbUP protocol, realize transparent mode and support mode of
UP layer.
3.1.2.2 User Plane Application Layer Processing
 It supports various coding&decoding types needed in 3G and 2G services,

including: PCM-A, PCM-μ, AMR-NB, AMR-WB, FR-AMR, HR-AMR, GSM-FR,
GSM-HR, GSM-EFR, G.723, G.729, etc, and supports inter-conversion among
above-mentioned types.
 Circuit type data service function:
 Support transparent synchronization/asynchronization mode with speed lower than

64kbps: including 28.8 kbps, 56 kbps, 64 kbps.
 Support non-transparent synchronization/asynchronization access with speed rate

lower than 64kbps: including 0.3kbps, 1.2kbps, 2.4 kbps, 4.8 kbps, 9.6 kbps, 14.4
kbps, 28.8 kbps;
 Support multimedia service by using transparent modes, with speed rate in

28.8kbps, 32kbps, 33.6kbps, 56kpbs, and 64kbps.

 TrFO functions: These are new functions in R4. TrFO is used for communication
inside the 3G system. When TrFO’s out-of-band negotiation is successful, user
plane data is sent to the opposite Iu/NbUP from IuUP, according to control plane
indications.
 EC functions: When the call between the PSTN hone and mobile phone , because
of mobile phones need to send the voice with compression and decompression,
decode and encode processing, at the fixed telephone may occur a larger echo and
delay. The MGW can configure the echo cancellation card in the sub-interface to
PSTN ,these cards can eliminate the echo or delay.
3.1.3 Media Resource Processing
 Support loading various basic tone, intelligent tone, etc, when it needs to play the
tone to users, it needs apply, activate and connect tone resource to bearer
resources.
 Support DTMF number receiving, DTMF number sending.
 Support mixed processing of media traffic, for conference and multi-party call
services.
3.2 Featured Services
3.2.1 IPv6
IPv6 is the next generation Internet protocol, for solving the shortage of IPv4 address.
3GPP selects IPv6 as one of the basic functions of R5 IMS.
ZXUN iMG supports IPv6; it connects with IPv6 bearer network via IPv6. IPv6 over IPv4
and IPv4 over IPv6 tunnel technologies are also supported.
Supporting IPv6 brings more convenience to network operators for network construction,
such as abundant IP address resource, better security, etc.

3.2.2 AMR-WB
Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband Codec Types provide higher voice quality and need more
bandwidth. AMR-WB includes four types: FR AMR-WB, UMTS AMR-WB, OFR AMR-WB,
OHR AMR-WB.
AMR-WB provides higher voice quality.
FR AMR-WB is used in GERAN-GMSK. OFR AMR-WB and OHR AMR-WB are used in
GERAN-8PSK. UMTS AMR-WB is used in UTRAN.
3.2.3 BFD
Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) protocol is a simple hello protocol that detects
failures in a network. BFD provides the fastest network failure detection.
BFD helps decrease the time of failure detection in IP network to ms level. Operators use
BFD to enhance network availability, to satisfy the transmission requirements of real time
service.
ZXUN iMG supports both static and dynamic route of BFD. BFD runs in physical port and
some logical link, such as virtual connection, VLAN, and GRE tunnel. It also runs in
multi-next-hop router. The BFD protocol packets send configurable timer, which detects
path failure quickly.
3.2.4 MSC Pool Function
MSC Pool’s NNSF function is realized by BSC/RNC in 3GPP standards.
When the existing network evolves to MSC Pool networking, as existing BSC is
diversified, and they almost do not support A/Iu-Flex function, as well as each vendor has
different planning in A/Iu -Flex function, it is difficult to upgrade existing BSC to support
A/Iu -Flex function.
ZXUN iMG supports A/Iu interface circuit management, which solves when BSC
accesses to MSC Pool, circuit is shared by multiple MSC Pools. The existing BSC needs
no upgrading to realize MSC Pool disaster redundancy.

3.2.5 IuCS/A over IP
There are two bearer access modes for Iu-CS interface:
 ATM access.
 IP access.
There are two bearer access modes for A interface:
 TDM access.
 IP access.
The advantages of the “Iu-CS/A over IP” are described as follows:
 The operator deploys a uniform IP network.
 It saves bandwidth and has flexible networking, compared with TDM access mode.
3.2.6 Virtual Gateway Technology
A physical media gateway is divided into multiple virtual logic gateways; each virtual
MGW is distinguished by virtual media gateway, and managed by different MSC Servers.
The virtual gateway technology helps realize MSC POOL network, and integrated GMSC,
thus reduces gateway quantity and saves equipment investment for multi-services
operators.
Figure 3-1 Virtual MGW

3.2.7 VoIP Voice Quality Guarantee Technology
ZXUN iMG supports multiple voice quality guarantee technology, including:
 Jitter buffer technology
The gateway RTP media accepts some buffer area, performs sequencing of
corresponding RTP media packet, packet loss algorithm to prevent voice influences
caused by network jitter.
 Packet loss technology
If the receiving end finds there is packet loss in input stream, the coding&decoding
algorithm makes up for the voice quality.
 VAD,DTX,CNG technology
When one party does not speak in the conversation, in order to reduce transmission
bandwidth, the sending end needs to perform mute‘s voice activity detection (VAD), there
is no voice transmission in mute, it transmits necessary key values to the opposite end,
to save transmission.
If the sending end uses VAD&DTX technology, the receiving end insert comfortable tone
to listeners during mute period, to enhance user hearing experience.
 NR technology

Reduce speaker’s background noise and enhance the opposite end’s voice level, making
both parties receive correct, understandable, clear and comfortable voice.
 EC technology
Eliminate echo caused by reflection, which enhances user experience.
 AGC technology
Automatic gain control (AGC) provides voice level adjustment, which only amplifies voice,
but not amplify any low level background noise or echo.

4 System Architecture
4.1 Product Appearance
 Cabinet Appearance
ZXUN iMG adopts 19-inch cabinet, with size of 2200mm*600mm*800mm. The

appearance of cabinet is shown in following figure:
Figure 4-1 ZXUN iMG Cabinet Appearance

The front and rear has wire routing areas, to meet different requirements of engineering
wiring. Air intakes are set in the bottom and panel, as well as the dustproof device.
 Service plug-in box appearance
It is 19-inch wide, and consists of shelf, front boards (full configuration of 14 pieces), rear
boards (full configuration of 14 pieces) and backplane.
Figure 4-2 Service Plug-in Box Appearance
Front Shelf Back Shelf
4.2 ZXUN iMG Internal Shelf Structure
4.2.1 ZXUN iMG Cabinet Structure
ETCA-based ZXUN iMG uses 19-inch standard cabinet, each cabinet is configured with
3 E8280 shelves maximally. The internal structure of cabinet is shown in following figure
Figure 4-3 Internal Structure of ZXUN Cabinet

ZXUN iMG cabinet consists of rack, shelf, power distribution plug-in box, in-air shelf, and
cables, etc physically.
 The cabinet uses 2200mm cabinet, with the size of 2200mm*

600mm*800mm(H*W*D);
 The power distribution plug-in box uses unified PDU, with 3U high. It provides
power supply, including 2 groups of -48V input, 10 groups of -48V output.
Additionally, it has embedded power monitor board, over-voltage and over-pressure
protector, etc.
 The shelf includes front and rear boards, and each shelf has 14 slots.
 System heat elimination uses straight duct, with rear-out and front-inlet mechanism.
The cabinet parameters are listed in the following table:

Table 4-1 ZXUN iMG Cabinet Parameters

Design standard PICMG3.0 standard
Appearance size 2200mm high,600mm wide,800mm deep

Capacity Effective space47U(1U=44.45mm),full configuration of 3
E8280 shelves
Structure and wiring Front and rear doors, up&bottom wiring
Cabling Cabling from rear
Heat elimination Air intakes are in both bottom and panel, with dust screen
device.
Power supply -57V DC~-40V DC or -72V DC~-50V DC
4.2.2 Internal Structure of ZXUN iMG Shelf
ZXUN iMG only supports E8280 shelf, which includes front slot and rear slot, and each
has 14 slots.
E8280 shelf front slots are all used for service processing.
Rear slot of E8280 shelf provides switching and access function. The switching part
includes Base plane switch (BSW), Fabric plane switch (FSW) and TDM switch (TSW),
the switch takes 5~10 slots. Other rear slots are access slots, to realize various MGW
signaling and media interfaces.
The internal structure and parameters of ZXUN iMG E8280 are shown in following figure
and table.
Figure 4-4 Internal Structure of ZXUN iMG E8280 Shelf

MPB: Media Service processing blade;
GPB: Control Service processing blade;
SDI: Sonet Digital trunk Interface;
IPI: IP Processing Interface.
Service processing blade: include media plane processing blade and control plane
processing blade, they are all front blades.
BSW/FSW/TSW: Switch network board, to realize control plane /media plane packet
switch/TDM switch; include rear blades.
Interface unit: provide various physical interfaces and link processing of external
IP/ATM/TDM networking, they are all rear blades.
Table 4-2 ZXUN iMG E8280 Parameters

Design standard PICMG3.0 standard
Appearance size 11U

Capacity Standard configuration: 14 front slots and 14 rear slots
Structure and wiring Backplane in middle, front and rear boards are inserted
oppositely.
Cabling Cabling from rear

Heat elimination The shelf top is configured with fan box, front/side intake,
rear outlet, the whole shelf meets the heat elimination
requirements: each front board(250W), each rear
board(150W)
Power supply -57V DC~-40V DC or -72V DC~-50V DC
4.3 ZXUN iMG system logical structure
ZXUN iMG system logical structure is shown in the following figure. It is divided into:
control plane service processing module, packet interface module, TDM interface
module and media plane service processing module.
Figure 4-5 ZXUN iMG (GSM&UMTS)System Logical Structure
1. Control Plane Service Processing Module
Control plane processing unit
GPB mainly fulfills control plane processing, upper-level signaling processing, call control
processing, resources management, operation and maintenance.

Control plane switch unit BSW
It provides switch processing of control plane data, and cascades port to other shelves.
2. Packet Interfaces Module
IP/ATM Interface unit IPI/API
Interfaces: Provide ATM STM-1/E1, IP FE/GE, etc interfaces.
Switch unit
Control plane unit provides signaling traffic, commands and parameter channel for
system to control, configure, maintain and manage each board, and fulfills ATM/IP
broadband signaling access processing,. The processed signaling data packet is sent to
control plane service processing module.
Media plane packet switch unit FSW mainly switches service traffic processed by
resource board, fulfills AAL2/ATM or IP media plane receiving, the processed media
packet is sent to media service processing unit.
3. TDM Interface Module
Trunk interface unit DTI/SDI
Interfaces: access E1, T1, STM-1/4, etc circuit/optical interface, and convert internal HW
signal to T network switch unit.
Switch unit
Circuit switch unit TSW: For TDM circuit switching.
4. Media Plane Service Processing Module
Service processing unit MPB

The service processing unit MPB provides RTP session processing, IuUP/NbUP protocol
processing, coding&decoding conversion, play TONE, DTMF number receiving&sending,
MFC processing, mixed tone processing. It also provides IWF, IP fax T38, etc media
plane service processing.
4.4 Software Architecture
ZXUN iMG software system uses hierarchical and modular design. The software is
divided into four layers: hardware drive layer, operation system layer, middle layer and
MGW application layer.
Figure 4-6 ZXUN iMG Software Layer Structure
 Driver layer
SODA middleware: include system guide BOOT subsystem, provide BSP and drive to
detailed hardware, hardware resource description and operation detection
encapsulation.
 OS layer
Linux, etc commercial operation system.
 Middleware layer
It shields operation system, provides system management and control ability, memory
database, narrowband&broadband signaling processing, high-performance message
forwarding processing.
 MGW application layer

It includes control layer and media layer. The control player processes gateway control
signaling, manages gateway call resources, and performs call control of gateway; media
layer processes inward&outward media messages, and coding&decoding conversion,
tone playing, number receiving&sending, mixed tone, and data service processing.
The above-mentioned system architecture introduces software middleware in driver and

middleware layer. The middleware software technology with high availability not only
shields bottom hardware details for application software and upper-layer middleware, but
also connects with application software and provides verified high-availability service.

5 Operation and Maintenance

Operation Management System (OMS) system includes two systems according running
scenes and management ability: Local Management Terminal (LMT) and Element
Management System (EMS).
LMT is made up of server and operation terminal. The server uses ETCA blade, which is
in the same shelf of service board, and reduces space. The operation terminal uses Web
mode, without installation.
OMS provides complete security management strategy, including authentication visit

control, data link encryption, to ensure data security of the whole system.
The whole architecture of gateway system follows TMN structure.
OMS includes the following modules in terms of function: configuration management,

Alarm Management, performance management, diagnosis test, signaling tracing, failure
observation, Security Management, Log Management.etc.
5.1 Configuration Management System
Configuration management system uses a direct and friendly interface, to realize various
network resources configuration and management. It provides centralized configuration
and management function of MGW NE, like the configuration and management of
physical equipment, exchange, and signaling, as well as tools for data transmission, data
backup and recovery, data reports browsing, data consistency comparison, batch
processing commands, batch data import&export, etc tools.
5.2 Alarm Management System
It is made up of two parts: real-time presentation of existing alarm and related operations.
It presents various alarms in the interface, gives alarms and provides detailed

information of each alarm. It adjusts alarm parameter, processes alarm information

manually and query alarm information.
5.3 Performance Management System
The performance management system provides statistic data about some performance
parameters and traffic data of the mobile system, for the reference by operation
departments.
The maintenance terminal defines performance measurement tasks flexibly. It supports

define the monitor task, monitor key indices of content, when the indices reach preset
threshold, it automatically generates alarm information and notifies maintainer timely,
and recovers alarm after the indices become normal. The maintenance terminal supports
flexible query of performance data, and provides data backup and printing.
5.4 Diagnosis Test System
The diagnosis test system, a part of fault management, provides routine test and instant
test for devices of the core network, to ensure normal and stable operation of the entire
system.
5.5 Signaling Tracing System
The signaling trace system is used to trace signaling data of network running, and
analyze the service running. It includes the whole signaling procedure tracing, standard
interface signaling tracing.
5.6 Failure Observation System
As a part of the operation and maintenance system, failure observation system provides
failure information tracing during NE service running, which is convenient for failure
localization and analysis.

5.7 Security Management System
OMS has independent user and right management system, it creates users and
authorize them different rights, perform authentication for system log-in and session
establishing, and for operation by rights to users, which avoids illegal access and
override visit.
OMS provides an integrated user management mode; EMS creates and maintains user
information uniformly, which is more convenient for user management.
OMS provide internal control function, it monitors account password, reminds updating
password, which helps reducing risks.
5.8 Log Management System
OMS provides three kinds of log information recording:
 Operation log
Any operations causing system changes will be recorded into the operation log, which
cannot be modified, it also records operator user name, operation time, operation content,
etc, and support log query, which is easy for trace back.
 Security log
Any operations related to security will be recorded in the security log, such as user login
and logoff.
 System log
The automatically-generated operation time will be recorded in system log, for history
trace back. The log information supports local storage, regular maintenance and backup.

6 Networking Application
ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) cooperates with ZTE MSC Server to support complicated
networking applications, Following are some introduction to the networking scenes:
 Work as VMGW
 Work as GMGW
 Work as combined VMSC and GMSC gateway.
 Work as TMGW.
 Dual homing networking
 MSC Pool networking
6.1 VMGW
ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) works as VMGW, as shown in following figure:
Figure 6-1 VMGW Application

ZXUN iMG supports Mc, A, Iu-CS, and Nb interfaces in VMGW applications.
6.2 GMGW
ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) works as GMGW, as shown in following figure:
Figure 6-2 GMGW Application
ZXUN iMG supports Mc, Ai and Nb interfaces in GMGW applications.
6.3 Combined VMGW and GMGW
ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) work as combined VMGW and GMGW, as shown in following

figure:
Figure 6-3 Combined VMGW and GMGW

In the combined VMGW and GMGW application, ZXUN iMG supports Mc, Ai, Nb, Iu-CS,
and A interfaces.
6.4 TMGW
ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) works as TMGW, as shown in following figure:
Figure 6-4 TMGW Application

Working as TMSC, ZXUN iMG supports the interfaces, including Mc (connecting

TMSCS), Nb (connecting TMSC in other region), Ai (connecting 2G MSC), and Nb
(connecting subordinate gateway in local region).
6.5 Dual Homing Networking
ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) is used for dual homing networking, as shown in following

figure:
Figure 6-5 Dual Homing Networking

In the networking model with separation of bearer and control, MSC Server only
processes service signaling, thus MSC Server capacity can be huge, and the reliability
requirements on MSC Server become important. Dual homing networking is one disaster
redundancy mode of MSC Server.
In the dual homing networking, one MSC Server works as the master, to activate and
process services, the other works as the slave. When master MSC Server fails, slave
MSC Server takes over the service, and after master MSC Server recovers, the service is
changed back.
MGW needs to establish link with both MSC Servers, but there is only one activated MSC
Server in one moment.
6.6 MSC Pool Networking
In the traditional networking, one BSC/RNC only connects with one MSC Server. The
MSC Pool network enables one BSC/RNC to connect with multiple MSC Servers. This
MSC Server comprises one resource pool, which provides service processing ability to
connected BSC/RNC.
Under the MSC Pool network model, all MSC Servers in Pool provides service to all
BSC/RNC. BSC/RNC distributes signaling to MSC Server via multiple MGWs, as shown
in figure 6-7, or distributes signaling to MSC Server in Pool by one MGW, as shown in
figure 6-6.
Figure 6-6 MSC Pool Networking Example1

Figure 6-7 MSC Pool Networking Example2

7 Technical Indices and Specifications
7.1 Size and Weight
Table 7-1 E8280 Cabinet Parameter
Item Parameter
Hardware platform ETCA platform
cabinet standard 19-inch
Rack Size Width 600 mm
Length 800 mm
Height 2200mm
Available height 47U (1 U = 44.45 mm)

Weight (single rack with full configuration 350kg
Ground weight ≥420kg/m2
7.2 Capacity
ZXUN iMG capacity indices are listed in following table.
Table 7-2 ZXUN iMG (GSM&UMTS)Capacity Indices

Technical Features Parameter Detailed indices
Maximum trunk TDM MGW TDM:170K

capacity IP/TDM MGW TDM:100K TDM trunk;
IP:100K equivalent IP trunk
ATM/IP MGW ATM(Iu-CS)<->IP(Nb)
ATM:81K equivalent trunk
IP:75K equivalent trunk
IP/IP MGW IP:300K equivalent trunk
Maximum traffic TDM MGW 68 KErl
IP/TDM MGW 100KErl

Technical Features Parameter Detailed indices
ATM/IP MGW 75KErl

IP/IP MGW 150KErl
Switch network IP switch capacity 144G
capacity TDM switch capacity 384K*384K
Signaling indices Narrowband 64Kbps 5760
link quantity
Narrowband 2Mbps 384
link quantity
Broadband SCTP link 4096
quantity
Multi-signaling point 256
coding quantity
Office capacity Office number 2048
Supported BSC 256
quantity
Supported RNC 256
quantity
Interface indices TDM MGW 704 E1 or 88 pairs STM-1
IP/TDM MGW 704 E1 or 64 pairs STM-1
32GE
ATM/IP MGW 36 STM-1
24 GE
IP/IP MGW 96 GE
ZXUN iMG reference traffic model is listed in following table:
Table 7-3 ZXUN iMG (GSM&UMTS)Reference Traffic Model

Parameter Specific Figures
Busy hour average traffic of mobile 0.025 Erl

subscribers
Busy hour call attempt 1.5 times/subscriber
Busy hour average traffic of trunk 0.8 Erl
Busy hour average call attempt times of 42/busy hour/incoming call circuit
trunk

7.3 Clock and Time Synchronization Performance
Table 7-4 ZXUN iMG (GSM&UMTS)Clock and Time Synchronization Performance

Indices
Clock grade Grade 2 clock A
“ External clock
synchronous”,
Clock synchronous mode “extract from
service bit stream”,
Internal clock”
2MBITS 2
Clock synchronous
2MHz 2
Clock synchronous interface
performance 8K 2
Minimum clock accuracy ±4×10-7
Pull-in scope ±4×10-7
maximum frequency deviation 10~9/day
maximum initial frequency deviation 5×10-10
Snap, tracking,
Clock mode hold-over,
free-run
protocol NTP/SNTP
Time synchronous Time synchronous precision 100ms

performance Time synchronous interface FE
interface number 1
7.4 Power Supply
7.4.1 Power Supply System Range
ZXUN iMG E8280 shelf can support -48VDC or -60VDC power supply.
When supplied with a rated working voltage of -48VDC, the maximum working voltage is
-57V, the minimum is -40V. Within this voltage range, the equipment runs normally.

When supplied with a rated working voltage of -60VDC, the maximum working voltage is
-72V, the minimum is -50V. Within this voltage range, the equipment runs normally.
7.4.2 Power Consumption
Based on 70% derating and possible maximum power consumption configuration of each
shelf, the maximum power consumption requirement of ZXUN iMG in three shelves with
maximum configuration is 7KW.
7.5 Transmission
Supported cable types and standards used by ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) are listed in
following table.
Table 7-5 Standards Used by ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) Interface and Supported Cable
Types
Interface Type Physical Standard Type of Cables

Mc 10/100/1000Mbps Cat-5E twisted pair
self-adaptive Fiber jumper LC/PC-LC/PC
1000Base-X
Nb 10/100/1000Mbps Cat-5E twisted pair
1000Base-X
IuCS 10/100/1000Mbps Cat-5E twisted pair
1000Base-X Fiber jumper LC/PC-LC/PC
STM-1
A E1 Coaxial cable
STM-1 Fiber jumper LC/PC-LC/PC
Ai E1 Coaxial cable
STM-1 Fiber jumper LC/PC-LC/PC

7.6 Working Environment
7.6.1 Temperature and Humidity
Table 7-6 ZXUN iMG Temperature and Humidity

Temperature Relative Humidity
Equipment Long-term Short-term Long-term Short-term
Type Working Working Working Working
Condition Condition Condition Condition
ZXUN iMG +5℃ ~ +40℃ -5℃ ~ +50℃ 5% ~ 85% 5% ~ 90%
Note 1: The temperature and humidity of the operating environment inside the equipment
room are measured at the spot that is 1.5 m above the floor and 0.4 m in front of the rack
when there is no protective plate in front or back of the equipment rack.
Note 2: The short-term working condition means that the continuous operation period is
no more than 96 hours and the accumulated operation period in a year should be no
more than 15 days.
7.6.2 Cleanness
The concentration of the dust particle, whose diameter is larger than 5 µm, should be 
3*104 particles/m3.
7.6.3 Air Pollution
The equipment room should be free of explosive, conductive, magnetic-conductive or

corrosive dust. In addition, there should be no corrosive metal or gases that are
detrimental to the insulation in the equipment room.
7.7 Reliability
ZXUN iMG reliability indices are listed in following table:
Table 7-7 ZXUN iMG Reliability Indices

Parameter Specific Indices

Basic failure rate (λmin) < 0.000002/hour
Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) > 55 years
Mean Time To Recovery (MTTR) <1 hour
System availability (A) >99.9998%
Average interruption duration per year <2 minute
8 Abbreviations
Abbreviations Description
3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
AAL ATM Adaption Layer
AGC Automatic gain control
ALCAP Access Link Control Application Part
AMR Adaptive Multi Rate
API ATM Processing Interface
ATCA Advanced Telecom computing Architecture
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
BFD Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
BSC Base Station Controller
BSP Board Support Packet
BSW Basic Switch
CNG Comfortable noise
CS Circuit Switch
CSD Circuit Switched Data
DDR Double data rate dynamic access memory
DTI Digital Trunk Interface
DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency
DTX Discontinuous transmission
EC Echo Cancellation
EFR Enhanced Full Rate
EMS Element Management System

ETCA Enhanced Telecommunication Computing Architecture
FR Full Rate
FSW Fabric Switch
GE Gigabit Ethernet
GPB General Processing Blade
GPS Global Positioning System
GSM Global System for Mobile communications
HR Half Rate
IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
IPBCP IP Bearer Control Protocol
IPI IP Processing Interface
IWF Interworking Function
LM Layer Management
LMT Local Maintenance Terminal
LTE Long Term Evolution
MFC Multi-frequency Code
MGW Media Gateway
MPB Media Processing Blade
MRFP Multimedia Resource Function Processor
MSC Mobile Switch Center
MSC Server Mobile Switch Center Server
MTBF Mean Time Between Failures
MTP Media Transfer Protocol
MTTR Mean Time To Recovery
M2PA MTP2-User Peer-to-Peer Adaptation Layer
M2UA MTP Level 2 (MTP2) User Adaptation Layer
M3UA MTP Level 3 (MTP3) User Adaptation Layer
NR Noise Reduction
NS Noise Suppress
PCM Pulse-code modulation
PICMG PCI Industrial Computer Manufactures Group

PLMN Public land mobile network
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
RTP Real time Transport Protocol
RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol
R4 WCDMA Release 4
R5 WCDMA Release 5
R6 WCDMA Release 6
R7 WCDMA Release 7
R99 WCDMA Release 99
RNC Radio Network Controller
SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol
SDI Sonet Digital trunk Interface
SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
SGW Signaling Gateway
SSCF Service Specific Coordination Function
SSCOP Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol
SUA SCCP User Adaptation
TDM Time-division multiplexing
TMN Telecom Management Network
TrFO Transcoder Free Operation
TSW TDM Switch
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
VAD Voice activity detection
WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access

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© 2016 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 1

2 Product Features ............................................................................................. 10

3 Service Functions ........................................................................................... 17

5 Operation and Maintenance............................................................................ 34

2 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

5.4 Diagnosis Test System ...................................................................................... 35

6 Networking Application .................................................................................. 37

7 Technical Indices and Specifications ............................................................ 43

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 3

Table 1-1 Interfaces Supported by ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) ............................................. 9

4 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

Table 7-7 ZXUN iMG Reliability Indices .............................................................................47

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 5

1.1 Location and Functions of ZXUN iMG in Network

The location of ZXUN iMG in GSM/UMTS network is shown in following figure.

Figure 1-1 Location of ZXUN iMG in GSM/UMTS Mobile Softswitch Network

6 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

The functions of ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS) in the network are shown as follows:

 Bearer access and switch

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 7

MGW supports multiple data services in CS domain:

 Non-transparent data service with speed rate of 14.4kbit/s, 28.8kbit/s, 57.6kbit/s.

 Transparent data service with speed rate of 28.8kbit/s,32kbit/s,33.6kbit/s.

 GSM transparent and synchronous CSD service, transparent asynchronous CSD

 3G-324M video service.

It includes configuration management, dynamic management, signaling trace and

1.2 External Interfaces of ZXUN iMG in Network

Figure 1-2 External Interfaces of ZXUN iMG in GSM/UMTS Network

8 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

The interfaces supported by ZXUN iMG (GSM&UMTS)are listed in following table:

Table 1-1 Interfaces Supported by ZXUN iMG(GSM&UMTS)

MGW~RNC Iu-CS IP/ATM Support UMTS/TD RNC user plane

MGW~PSTN/IS Ai TDM Work as the GMGW to realize voice

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 9

2.1 Unified ETCA Platform

ZXUN iMG uses ETCA hardware platform. ZTE Enhanced Telecommunications

 Good expansibility: performance, I/O, storage ability expansion to realize smooth

 Save installation space, transmission resources, power consumption, reduces

 Carrier-class availability: high expansibility, reliability and maintainability.

2.2 Strong Cascade Ability

10 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

Figure 2-1 ZXUN iMG Fabric Plane Multi-shelves Cascade

Figure 2-2 ZXUN iMG Base Plane Multi-shelves Cacade

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 11

Figure 2-3 ZXUN iMG TDM Three-shelf Interconnection

12 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

2.3 Rich Physical Interfaces

Table 2-1 ZXUN iMG (GSM&UMTS)Hardware Interface

Physical Interface Description

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 13

Physical Interface Description

2.4 Intelligent Energy-saving and Pollutants-reduction

ZXUN iMG uses high-efficient energy-saving strategy, which is helpful to energy-saving

 Select advanced multi-core processing devices with low power consumption.

 Automatic adjustment of fan speed according to shelf temperature, which effectively

 Unique high-density design saves equipment room space.

2.5 Smooth Upgrading and Expansion Ability

14 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

2.6 Excellent Reliability

 Automatic changeover of boards and interfaces, which guarantee non-stop system

ZXUN iMG adopts 19-inch cabinet, with size of 2200mm600mm800mm. The