THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

MASTER PLAN

1. INTRODUCTION OF CITY

Thiruvananthapuram is a place of importance in the history of region and the State of Kerala. Blessed with all
natural resources and skilled human potential, with its best health care institutions and as an international tourist
destination, it is now a city in the southernmost tip of India, which is gearing up to find a new rank in the global
arena. It requires a planned approach to make the city

2. DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

THE VISION STATEMENT: “A green city of various functional aspects with an economically and lively compact
urban form possessing global standards in basic facilities and services”

GOALS:
 Make the city function as a proud state
 Strengthen the economic base of the city through Hi-Tech
 Develop the city to be multi- functional in the fields of Tourism and Heritage, Technology, Knowledge and
Health Care.
 Develop a closely-knit urban form for the city through planned development
 Preservation of the rich blue- green environment of the city
THE OBJECTIVES:
 To equip the city to continue in its role as the State's Administrative Capital through state of the art.
 To develop the city as a land of Hi-Tech Enterprises through the expansion of Techno Park and providing
facilities such as Logistic Centre, Industrial parks, Film city etc. and make the city economically capable.
 To develop the city as a Knowledge Hub with state of the art facilities in the existing educational
institutions.
 To develop a Health Care City with State of the Art facilities in the existing health institutions and by
providing a Common Super Specialty Health facility.
 To protect the Blue - Green Network in the city through a well connected system of Green open spaces,
developing a Green Network as a protection to Blue Network and developing a Green Belt defining the city
 To achieve a closely packed urban form by development through planned activities
 To equip the city with high quality foundation features and service facilities through Traffic and
transportation Network for the city including Multi modal Mobility Hub and Multi level parking and
service facilities such as 24X7 Drinking water supply, Sewerage and Solid Waste Management facilities,
Markets, Civic amenities and improvement of living standards of the urban poor.

DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT: Based on the vision craved, goals and objectives setup and the above suggestions
the Thiruvananthapuram City Development Concept is formulated. The major features are:
 Four development zones within the City
1. Core city - Regulated development
2. Central City – Redevelopment
3. City Extension - Intensive development
4. City Periphery - Conservative development
  Higher order facilities like Court Complex, Correctional center, Common health facility etc.
 Port Town at Vizhinjam with suggested logistic center
 Kovalam - Thiruvallam Tourism Hub with a Tourism zone Film City of KINFRA
 The existing Veli - Akkulam Tourist villages made as a major Tourism destination
 International Convention Centre at Akkulam
 Water way linkage between the two tourism centres (Kovalam -Thiruvallam Tourism Hub and Veli -
Akkulam tourism destination) connected to city core by road
 Kazhakottam Techno Hub with Techno Park extension
 Strategic Zone for coastal area from Vallakadavu to Akkulam
 Monorail along NH 66
 BRTS / LTRS connecting Central City nodes
 Ring and radial road concept with Grid iron pattern and connection roads for Transportation Network with
accessibility to activity centers
 Multimodal mobility Hub at Akkulam

3. EXISTING AND PROPOSED LAND USE

EXISTING: The land use break up of Thiruvananthapuram city 1990 is shown in Chart 3.1.
Thiruvananthapuram Corporation during 1990 had a total area of around 141.74 Sq.kms. It can be seen that
in 1990 the major single land use was residential (59%) followed by paddy (10%). There was considerable
Public and Semi Public land use (9%) and 8% parks and open spaces. Roads and street covered an area of 7%
in the Corporation limit. The core of the area was having more concentration of commercial activities and the
 city had general function of vibrant core with the periphery acting as raw material center. The land use break
up of Thiruvananthapuram city in 2012 is shown in Chart 3.2.

Chart 3.1 Land use breakup of the

City: 1966 Chart 7.2 Land use breakup of the City: 1990

Chart 7.3 Land use breakup of the City: 2012

 PROPOSED: The planning area of Thiruvananthapuram Master Plan is 215.86 sq.km. As given in Article 7.2 the
analysis of existing land use shows that 55.58% of total area of Thiruvananthapuram Corporation is put to
residential land use, 12.87% is under public and semi public use, 1.17% is under commercial land use and
21.52% is under dry agriculture. The existing land use pattern is so changed to facilitate the future developments
according to the development vision, to arrive at the proposed land use plan.
Zone wise differential FAR is suggested to encourage the type of development envisaged as
mentioned above in each zone

Zone wise Priority of development

 The proposed land use so derived is grouped into three
major heads.
1. BUILT UP ZONE: These are the land use
zones where built up development is expected.
2. GREEN ZONES: The land use zones
conserved from the environment point of view are
included under green zone. Extensive built up
development is not expected in these zones.
3. SPECIAL ZONES: The land use zone
earmarked for specific development projects comes
under this category.

Land use area

4. SOCIO - ECONOMIC ASPECTS: As per 2011 data, Kerala is the most literate State in India having literacy
rate of 90.92%. Inter-district analysis of Kerala reveals that the highest literacy is recorded in Kottayam
district (95.9%) and the lowest in Palakkad district (84.3%). The literacy rate of Thiruvananthapuram district
is 89.4%, which is just below the State average. The literacy rate of Thiruvananthapuram Corporation is
83.82%, which is much below the district average of 89.4%.
The work force participation ratio (WPR) in Kerala during 2011 is 32.3%. Thiruvananthapuram district
recorded a percentage of 32.40%, which is more or less equal to the State average. The WPR of Corporation is
just below the district average recording 33%.
The Chart shows the revenue income and expenditure of Thiruvananthapuram Corporation (Budget 2011-
2012). It is seen that the income for Corporation is mainly from Tax (44%) and revenue grants (34%). 0n the
expense side, execution and maintenance are the maximum (45%) with 28% establishment expenses
5. SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE:

WATER SUPPLY Karamana River with two reservoirs at Peppara and Aruvikkara is the main surface water
source for Thiruvananthapuram water supply scheme. Raw water is also pumped from Karamana river at
Kundamankadavu, Aruvikkara, Adimadakkayam and Trikkannapuram to the respective treatment/ pumping
stations. Vellayani Lake also provides surface water to kayal pump house located at Thiruvallom.
Bore wells (ground water) are located in Karikkonam, Pallithura wards and open wells are found in Pachalloor
and Anakuzhy in Muttakad area. This scheme caters to the needs of around 8000 people.

SEWERAGE SYSTEM In Thiruvananthapuram Corporation only 30% area is covered by the underground
sewerage system. The system was installed 30 to 35 year ago. The system services a total of 75,000
connections. The households in the remaining areas depends on various on-site systems namely, septic tanks,
borehole latrine TUDP and community toilets with 8% of the population do not having access to safe sanitation
disposal.
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Thiruvananthapuram Corporation has made arrangements for door-to-door
segregated collection of waste from 81 wards (2005 Corporation area) by engaging Kudumbasree clean well
unit and few other agencies. Waste collected by them i s t r a n s p o r t e d daily by Corporation vehicles and
treated at Vilappilsala plant. There are no secondary storage collections in the SWM system. The total quantity
of solid waste generated is estimated to be 300 Metric tons, but the waste collected varies in between 230-250
Metric tons. 0ut of the 100 Wards, wastes f r o m 67 wards are collected at 4 locations for each ward.

EDUCATION Within the district, Thiruvananthapuram city has a well-established educational stream from
Pre-Primary level to College level. Being the State capital, most of the major educational institutions are located
within the Corporation. The University of Kerala is located in Palayam. Its research and higher education
centre is situated at Kariavattom in Kazhakkuttom ward. The regional headquarters of Indira Gandhi National
0pen University (IGN0U) is in Karamana. He various streams of education in Thiruvananthapuram city include
the following.
School education Vocational Higher Secondary Education Arts and Science Colleges
HEALTH The rapid decline in growth rate, highest mean age at marriage especially of families, a very high level
of acceptance and awareness of family planning methods and fertility control, a moderate decline in the mortality
rate etc., are the commendable achievements in health standards in Kerala which are almost comparable to that of
developed countries in the world. Low birth rate and death rate along with high female life expectancy, low infant
mortality with negligible gap between rural and urban areas and low levels of disability are the special
characteristics of Kerala's Health Status.
The situation is similar in Thiruvananthapuram Corporation. The major factors contributing to these health
indicators are, a wide network of health infrastructure and manpower, policies of successive state governments
and other social factors like women's education, general health awareness and clean health habits of the people.

ENVIRONMENT: Terms of two components of urban management- the physical environment per se, or the
habitat and the social environment. The former pertains to the natural features and resources including: the
elements of air and land, water (water bodies-river, lakes, estuaries, backwaters, canals, drains and ponds and
ground water) and land with reference to open spaces, green areas and other surface and sub-surface
conditions. The latter is related to the built environment and includes the environmental infrastructure like,
storm water drainage, solid waste disposal, and the transportation network.