Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Escuela Superior de Computo

Practice N. 7: “Voltage Splitter"

Members:

-López Salazar Victor Manuel

- Hernández Rivera Ángel Edmundo

Group: 1CV7

Team: 11

Fundamental Circuit Analysis

Raúl Santillán Luna

Date: 18/05/18
 Index

1. Index…………………………………………………………………………………...2

2. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………2

3. Development: measurements and simulated……………………………………3-5

4. Questionaire………………………………………………………………………..6

5. Conclusions………………………………………………………………………....6

Introduction

It is one of the most used basic circuits in electronics. It is used for various
purposes, but in digital electronics it is very useful when adjusting voltages
between components.
The voltage divider is a very important basic circuit, and the calculation of the
above calculation with several values can give you knowledge about a large
number of practical circuit applications. A practical consideration is that a large
value of R2 compared to R1 will give you a higher output voltage. But if your load
resistance RL is smaller than R2, the output voltage will decrease and you will
need a higher current and total power from the power supply. In the exploration,
you will find that for a certain set of values of the voltage divider (R1 and R2), you
will get more power for the load if the load resistance RL decreases, but that is, at
the expense of a higher current and power coming from the power source.
 Development
Calculated

VS=10V R3= 560Ω

R1= 1KΩ R4= 1KΩ

R2= 470Ω

V1: RTEQ = 1829.97

VS = V1 = 10V V3:

VS RT1
I= 𝑉3 = (𝑉𝑆)( )
1𝐾 + 470 + 358.47 𝑅𝑇𝐸𝑄
10 358.97
I= 𝑉3 = (10)( )
1828.47 1828.10
𝐼 = 0.0054675 V3 = 1.96 V
V2: 𝑅1 1000
VR1 = (𝑅𝑇)(𝑉𝑆) = (1828.97) (10) =
V2 = (R2 + R3) I 5.46𝑉

1 𝑅2 470
VR2 = (𝑅𝑇)(𝑉𝑆) = (1828.97) (10) =
RT1 = = 358.97Ω
1 1
+ 2.56𝑉
560 1000
𝑅𝑇1 358.97
V2 = (R2 + RT1) I VR3 = ( 𝑅𝑇 )(𝑉𝑆) = (1828.97) (10) =
V2 = (470 + 358.97) (0.0054875) 1.96𝑉

V2 = 4.53V 1.96
𝐼𝑅3 = ( ) = 3.5 𝑚𝐴
560
RTEQ = R1+R2+RT1
1.96
𝐼𝑅4 = ( ) = 1.96 𝑚𝐴
RTEQ = 1000+470+358.97 1000
 Development of the practice
Voltage divider

1. On the connection board and without energizing the source, build the circuit
shown in figure 3.

2. Turn on the source and adjust to 10V to perform voltage measurements

VR1, VR2, VR3, V1, V2, V3, as shown in Figure 2 and record the results s
in the table.

Theoric Measured Simulated

Measurements Error= ΔV
value value value
V1 10 V 9.97 V 10 V 0.03
V2 4.53 V 4.54 V 4.53 V 0.01
V3 1.96 V 1.94 V 1.95 V 0.02
VR1 5.46 V 5.42 V 5.47 V 0.04
VR2 2.56 V 2.59 V 2.57 V 0.03
09VR3-4 1.96 V 1.94 V 1.96 V 0.02
IR3 3.5 mA 3.53 mA 3.5 mA 0.03
IR4 1.96 mA 1.98 mA 1.96 mA 0.02
Total

3. From figure 2, if R1 = 1KΩ and R2 = 2.2KΩ that value of R3 is necessary to

have a voltage of V3 = 5V if VS = 10V, build the circuit and if necessary
make a resistor array or use a potentiometer and check
R= 0.948 KΩ
Simulated circuits table 3
 QUESTIONARY

1- What is the existence of the error or deviation of the measured value from the
calculated value?
Experimental errors are inescapable and basically depend on the chosen procedure
and on the available technology to perform the measurement.
2- What is the utility of the "voltage divider" for the analysis of electrical circuits?
It is a circuit that divides the input voltage in the circuit into two different and
smaller output. In electronics and electricity it is used to power (provide supply
voltage) to an appliance, with a voltage smaller than that provided by the available
batteries or batteries.
3- Can the voltage divider circuit be extended to a larger number of resistors?
Yes, this analysis is for n resistive elements, but each circuit must maintain its
characteristics (connected in parallel in series)
4- If the voltages in each node were required with predefined specific values, what
should be done to obtain said values?
What would be done is to start proposing combinations of different values of the
resistances, which, after performing the calculations so that in the end the result
we expect will be reached.

Conclusions
Hernández Rivera Ángel Edmundo: With the theme of "voltage divider" problem
solving became much easier and simpler, avoiding the systems of equations to find
the values of each unknown. The practice was simple and fast on this occasion,
and we continue to arrive only to the Direct Current section with the help of the
voltmeter and the ammeter, as well as the current sources, with the Alternating
Current part excluded to solve it in another practical session.

López Salazar Victor Manuel: This practice was very simple, as we move forward
in the classes the teacher is giving us new tools for the resolution of circuits, in
particular, this makes me the easiest, since the formulas only involve using the law
of ohm, which is something very easy. The only thing that was difficult in this
practice, was the fact of calculating the value of the resistance, since we did not
have in specific with the required material, but making some adjustments and
connecting resistors in series we managed to add the 2200k of the required
resistance and With the help of the potentiometer, we were able to solve that part
of the practice. I enjoy doing this practice a lot, since it did not have great
complexity and I even had fun in its preparation.