FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

SHREE SARASWATI EDUCATION SANSTHAN’S GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

Questions Bank

Subject:- Design Of Machinery (161901)

PART A
1. What is meant by balancing of rotating masses?
2. Why rotating masses are to be dynamically balanced?
3. Define static balancing and dynamic balancing.
4. State the conditions for complete balance of several masses revolving in different planes
of a shaft.
5. Why complete balancing is not possible in reciprocating engine?
6. Can a single cylinder engine be fully balanced? Why?
7. Define swaying couple.
8. Why are the cranks of a locomotive, with two cylinders, placed at 90° to each other
9. Define hammer blow with respect to locomotives.
10. What are the effects of hammer blow and swaying couple?

PART B
1. A shaft is rotating at a uniform angular speed. Four masses of m1, m2, m3 and m4 of
magnitudes 300kg, 450kg, 360kg, 390kg respectively are attached rigidly to the shaft.
The masses are rotating in the same plane. The corresponding radii of rotation are
200mm, 150mm, 250mmand 300mm respectively. The angle made by these masses
with horizontal are 0°.45°, 120°and 255°respectively. Find, (i) the magnitude of
balancing mass (ii) the position of balancing mass if its radius of rotation is 200mm.
2. Four masses M1, M2, M3, and M4 are 200k g, 300kg, 240kg and 260kg respectively.
The corresponding radii of rotation are 0.2m, 0.15m, 0.25m and 0.3m respectively
and the angle between successive masses 45°, 75°, and135°.Find the position and
 magnitude of balance mass required if its radius of rotation is 0.25m.
3. Four masses A, B, C, and D are completely balanced mas ses C and D makes
angles of 90° and 195°
respectively with B in the same sense. The rotating masses have the following
properties:
mA =25k g rA=150mm rc = 100mm
mB =40k g rB=200mm
rD =180mm
Planes B and C are 250mm apart. Determine (i) the mass A and its angular position
(ii) the position of planes A and D.
4. A four cylinder vertical engine has cranks 150mm long. The plane of rotation of
the first, second and fourth cranks are 400mm,200mm and 200mm respectively
from that of the third crank and their reciprocating masses are 50kg,60kg and 50kg
respectively. Find the mass of the reciprocating parts for the third cylinder and relative
angular position of the cranks in order that the engine may be in complete balance
5. A shaft caries four rotating masses A, B, C and D which are completely balanced. The
masses B, C and Dare 50kg, 80kg and 70kg respectively. The masses C and D make
angles of 90° and 195° respectively with mass B in the same sense. The masses A,B,C
and D are concentrated at radius 75mm,100mm,50mm and 90mmrespectively.The
plane of rotation of masses B and C are 250mm apart. Determine
(i) the magnitude of mass A and its angular position
(ii) the position of planes A and D.
6. A rotating shaft carries four unbalanced masses m 1, m2, m3And m4 of magnitudes 20kg,
15kg,17kg, and 14kg revolving at radii 60mm, 80mm, 100mm, and 60mm respectively .
The masses m2, m3, and m4 revolve in planes 100mm, 180mm and 300mm respectively
form the plane of m 1 and are angularity located at 65̊ , 145̊ , and 270̊ respectively ,
measured in anticlockwise direction from the mass m1 looking from the mass end of the
shaft. The shaft is to be dynamically balanced by two masses , both located 70mm radii
and revolving in plane midway between those of masses m1 and m2 and midway
between those of masses m3 and m4. Determine the magnitudes of the balancing masses
and their respectively angular position by analytical and graphical method.
7. An air compressor has four in line cylinders at 90̊ intervals. The crank radius is 140mm,
while the connecting rod is 560mm long for each cylinder. The mass of reciprocating
parts is 20kg for each cylinders and speed of rotation is 600r.p.m. The cylinders are
300mm apart. Show that there are no out of balance primary and secondary forces and
determine the corresponding magnitudes of primary and secondary planes.
8. A three cylinder radial engine running at 15000r.p.m. is having its axes at 120̊ to each
other. The stroke is 120mm and each connecting rod is 215mm long. The mass of
reciprocating parts is 3kg per cylinder. Determine the primary and secondary
unbalanced force acting on the engines.
9. A twin cylinder V -engine has the cylinder axes at 90̊ and the connecting rods operate a
common crank. The reciprocating masses per cylinder 2kg and the crank radius is 80
mm. The length of connecting rods is 320 mm. Show that the engine may be balanced
for primary forces by means of a revolving balance mass. If the engine speed is 600
r.p.m., what is the value of the maximum resultant secondary force?
10. A two locomotive engine has the following specifications:
Reciprocating masses/cylinder=300kg crank radius=90mm
Angle between crank =90̊ Driving wheel diagram =1780mm
Distance between cylinder centers=640mm
Distance between driving wheel planes=1530mm
Determine
(1) The fraction of reciprocating masses to be balanced if the hammer blow is not to
exceed 45kN at 95 Km/hr speed.
(2) The variation in the tractive effort.
(3) The magnitude of swaying couple.
Subject:- Internal Combustion Engine (161902)

Chapter no:-1:-
1. Explain the working of 4-stroke petrol and 4-stroke diesel engine with its p-v diagrams.
2. Draw and explain the working condition of 4-stroke petrol with its valve timing
diagrams.
3. Write the stroke and condition of inlet and outlet valve and port for the 4-stroke diesel
engine.
4. Valve and port timing diagram for four stroke gas engine.
5. Draw and explain the port timing diagram for 2-stroke petrol and 2-stroke diesel engine.
6. Explain the working of 2-stroke cycle engine.
7. Give the difference between S.I and C.I engine.

Chapter no:-02:-
1. What is variable specific heat? Give the reason for it.
2. Derive the equation for change in internal energy and enthalpy during variable specific
heat.
3. What is the heat transfer in expansion and compression process if it polytropic.
4. Explain the change of entropy during a process with variable heat.
𝑎 𝑘
𝑃
5. Derive the equation𝑅 𝑉 𝑏 . 𝑒 𝑏 = 𝐶, where c is constant.

6. Explain the effect on variable specific heats on efficiency of air-std cycle for Otto as well
as for diesel cycle.

Chapter no:-03:-
1. Give the assumption of fuel-air cycle analysis. Also which parameter takes into account?
2. Explain the factor affecting on air standard cycle.
3. What is dissociation? Explain it briefly.
4. Explain the effect of operating variable on cycle analysis.
Chapter 04:-

1. What are the advantages of alcohol used as fuel in I.C engine?

2. Explain octane and cetane rating in I.C engine.
3. Short notes: - vegetable oil, biogas and hydrogen as IC engine fuel.

Chapter 05:-
1. What is the function of carburetors in an SI engine? State the different types of
carburetors and explain any one of them.
2. Explain the different types of carburetors and explain any one of them.
3. Prove that Air fuel Ratio for Simple Carburetor if air is assumed to be incompressible is
𝐶𝑑 𝑎 𝐴𝑎 2𝜌 𝑎 (𝛥𝑝)
equal to A.F. Ratio = 𝐶𝑑
𝑓 𝐴 𝑓 2𝜌 𝑓 (𝛥𝑝−𝑧𝑔 𝜌 𝑓 )

4. Describe with suitable sketches the following systems of carburetors.

1. Main metering system
2. Ideling system
3. Acceleration pump system
5. Explain with neat sketch with zenith carburetor.

Chapter no:-07:-
1. Explain the working of battery ignition system with neat sketch.
2. Explain the working of magneto ignition system with neat sketch.
3. List the various governing systems and explain any one in detail.
4. Explain the hit and miss governing system with neat sketch.
5. Explain the Quality and Quantity governing system.
6. With neat sketch, explain different scavenging methods.
7. Explain cross flow and loop scavenging methods.
Subject:- Computer Aided Design (161903)

(1) Prepare the detailed specifications for a typical CAD workstation with latest
hardware.
(2) List and explain the important parameters to be considered while selecting CAD
systems. List the different application of CAD in mechanical engineering.
(3) State the different CAD software commercial available and explain the features Of
CAD software in detail. (any two software.)
(4) Write down differences between Raster Scan and Vector Scan Displays
(5) A triangle ABC having coordinates A(15, 15), B(25, 25) and C(15, 35) is rotated by
300 clockwise about the vertex B. Determine the new vertex positions after rotation.
(6) A triangle ABC with vertices A(0,0), B(4,0) and C(2,3). Perform the following
operations for it. (i) Translation through 4 and 2 units along X and Y directions
respectively. (ii) Rotation through 900 in counterclockwise direction about the new
position of point C.
(7) The coordinates of the triangle are P(50,20),Q(110,20) and R(80,60).Determine the
coordinates of the vertices for the new reflected triangle, if it is to be reflected about
: (i) X-axis and (ii) line y=x
(8) Explain DDA algorithm for generation of line.
(9) Identify the pixel locations that will be chosen by the DDA algorithm while scan
converting a line from screen coordinate (10, 30) to (19, 36).
(10) A rectangle ABCD having vertices A(10,15), B(25, 15), C(25, 25) and D(10, 25) is
to be reflected about a line passing through points P(25, 20) and Q(10, 30).
Determine the vertices of the reflected rectangle.
(11) Describe the structure of an IGES file and compare IGES and PDES.
(12) Why graphic standard plays important roles in CAD. Enlist various graphic
standards with full name.
(13) What is geometric modeling? Explain wire frame modeling with advantage and
disadvantage.
(14) What is parametric representation? Explain parametric representation in Cartesian
and parametric spaces.
(15) Write about limitation of hermit cubic curve and describe the characteristics of
Bezier curve.
(16) List advantage of B-spline curves.
Subject:- Alternate Energy Sources (161904)

1 Which are the non- conventional energy sources? State the merits and demerits of
Solar energy.
2 Define the following terms with necessary sketch.
1. Solar declination angle 2.Hour angle 3.solar Zenith angle
4. Solar incident angle.
3 Explain briefly construction and working of sun shine recorder.
4 Which instruments are used for Solar radiation measurements? Explain construction
and working of Pyranometer
5 Write short notes on classification of energy resources. Also explain which type of
Alternate Energy Source is the best suitable for rural and agricultural applications and
why?
6 Describe the construction and working of a passive space heating system with a
schematic diagram
7 Write note on Solar photovoltaic cells.
8 Describe with neat sketch ‘solar water heater
9 What is Solar still? Explain solar still with neat sketch.
10 Classify wind mills and explain horizontal and vertical axis wind mill.
11 Derive an expression for maximum power, maximum torque and maximum axial
Thrust available from a wind turbine from basic principles.
12 Explain construction and working of forced convection solar dryer with figure.
13 Explain the different heat losses in Flat plate Collector.
14 List different types of concentrating collector. Explain any one with figure.
15 Write difference between porous and non-porous materials.
16 Explain various parameters affected on performance of flat plat collector
Subject: - control engineering (161905)

1. Obtain the transfer function of mechanical network shown in Fig.

2. Write the differential equations governing the system shown in Figure and draw the
Force-voltage analogous electrical network.

3. Describe force-voltage analogy and force- current analogy as applied to electrical

analogies for mechanical systems.

4. Write Requirements of a good control system. Critically compare Open loop and Closed
loop systems. Is an automatic electric iron an open loop or closed loop control system?
5. i) Draw a general block diagram of an automatic control system.
ii) Linear time invariant Vs Linear time varying systems.
6. Write down major advantages and disadvantages of open loop control systems.
7. Define transfer function of a linear, time invariant, differential equation systems.
Write down general mathematical model for the above system and general
mathematical expression for its transfer function.

8. Explain the following:

(1)Translational mechanical and Rotational mechanical systems.
(2) An Automatic control system. (3) Proportional lag and Controlled
lag. (4) Linear time invariant and Linear time varying systems.

9. Define following terminologies in reference to transient response specifications of

second order system using neat sketch: (1) Peak time, (2) Rise time,(3) Delay time,
(4) Settling time, (5) Maximum overshoot, (6) Steady state error.

10. Obtain the mathematical equation and sketch the time response of a second
order control system for a unit step input (for damping factor = ζ < 1).
Subject: - Heat and Mass Transfer (161906)

Chapter:-1 Conduction

1. Derive general equation heat conduction equation in Cartesian,cylindrical and spherical

co-ordinates.also deuce the equation for
 Steady state conduction
 No heat source
 No heat source and steady state condition
 One dimensional heat conduction equation without heat generation under steady
state
2. Derive the one dimensional steady state heat conduction through plane wall,hollow
cylinder and spherical without heat generation.
3. Explain critical thickness of insulation.and also derive heat transfer problem for
composite wall having resistance in parallel and series.
4. A furnace wall is made up of three layers of thickness 250 mm,100 mm,& 150 mm with
thermal conductivity of 1.65,k,& 9.2 w/mo c respectively.The inside is exposed to gases
at 1250oC with a convection coefficient of 25 W/m2 oC and the inside surface is at
1100oC,the outside surface is exposed to air at 25oC with convection coefficient of 12
W/m2 oC. Determine
 The unknown thermal conductivity k
 The overall heat transfer coefficient
 All surface temperatures
5. What are Fourier and Biot Number? What is the physical significance of these number?
6. A cold storage room has walls made of 200 mm of brick on the outside, 80 mm of plastic
foam, and finally 20 mm of wood on the inside. The outside and inside air temperatures
are 25 o C and -3 o C respectively. If the outside and inside convective heat transfer
coefficients are respectively 10 and 30 W/m2 o C, 07 2 and the thermal conductivities of
brick, foam and wood are 1.0, 0.02 and 0.17 W/ m o C respectively. Determine:
 overall heat transfer coefficient
 the rate of heat removed by refrigeration if the total wall area is 100 m2
  outside and inside surface temperatures and mid-plane temperatures of composite
wall.
7. A hot gas at 330o C with convection coefficient 222 W/m2 K is following through a steel
tube of outside diameter 8 cm and thickness 1.3 cm. It is covered with an insulating
material of thickness 2 cm, having conductivity of 0.2 W/mK. The outer surface of
insulation is exposed to ambient air at 25o C with convection coefficient of 55 W/m2 K.
Calculate:
 Heat loss to air from 5 m long tube.
 The temperature drop due to thermal resistance of the hot gases, steel tube, the
insulation layer and the outside air. Take conductivity of steel = 50 W/m2 K.
8. A 240 mm dia. steam pipe, 200 meter long is covered with 50mm of high temperature
insulation of thermal conductivity 0.092 W/m0C and 50mm of low temperature
insulation of thermal conductivity 0.062 W/m0C. The inner and outer surface
temperatures are maintained at 3400C and 350C respectively. Calculate: (i) The total heat
loss per hour (ii) The heat loss per m2 of pipe surface (iii) The heat loss per m2 of outer
surface (iv) The temperature between interfaces of two layers of insulation. Neglect heat
conduction through pipe material.

Chapter:-2 Convection

1. Define and discuss velocity boundary layer and thermal boundary layer over a flat plate.
Show the thickness of these layers for different Prandtl numbers.
2. Explain the significance of Reynolds numbers, Grashof number, Prandtl number, Nusselt
number and Stanton number. Explain convection heat transfer coefficient variation along
the flow direction for the horizontal flow over a thin parallel isothermal plate.
3. By dimensional analysis show that for natural convection heat transfer the Nusselt
number can be expressed as a function of Grashof number and Prandtl number.
4. State Buckingham’s 𝜋 theoram. Derive the relation between nusselt no. Prandtl no.and
Reynolds no. For forced convection using this theorem.
5. A hot plate of 400 mm × 400 mm at 100°C is exposed to air at 20°C. Calculate heat loss
from both the surfaces of the plate if (a) the plate is kept vertical (b) plate is kept
 horizontal. Air properties at mean temperature are ρ = 1.06 kg/m3 , k = 0.028 W/m K, cp
= 1.008 kJ/kg K, and ν = 18.97 × 10-6 m 2 /s Use following correlations. Nu = 0.125 (Gr
Pr)0.33 for vertical plate Nu = 0.72 (Gr Pr)0.25 for upper surface Nu = 0.35 (Gr Pr)0.25
for lower surfaces.

Chapter:-3 Heat Exchanger

1. Define effectiveness of heat exchanger. Derive equation for effectiveness of a parallel

flow heat exchanger.
2. Derive the relationship between the effectiveness and number of transfer units for a
counter flow heat exchangers.
3. Sketch a shell and tube type heat exchanger.Discuss the importance of heat exchangers
for industrial use.
4. Derive an expression for LMTD for counterflow heat exchanger.
5. Derive equation of logarithmic mean temperature difference for parallel flow Heat-
exchanger.
6. In a counter flow heat double pipe heat exchanger ,water is heated from 250C to 650C by
oil with specific heat of 1.45 kJ/kg K and mass flow rate of 0.9 kf/s. The oil is cooled
from 2300C to 1600C. If overall Heat transfer coefficient is 420 W/m2 0C. calculate
following (i) The rate of heat transfer (ii) The mass flow rate of water , and (iii) The
surface area of heat exchanger
7. A parallel flow heat exchanger has its tubes of 5 cm internal and 6 cm external diameter.
The air flows inside the tubes and receives heat from hot gases circulated in the annular
space of the tube at the rate of 100 kW. Inside and outside heat transfer coefficients are
250 W/m2 K and 400 W/m2 K respectively. Inlet temperature of hot gases is 500 o C,
outlet temperature of hot gases is 300 o C, inlet temperature of air 50o C, Exit
temperature of air 140 o C. Calculate : (1) Overall heat transfer coefficient based on outer
surface area (2) Length of the tube required to affect the heat transfer rates. Neglect the
thermal resistance of the tube. (3) If each tube is 3 m length find the number of tubes
required.
Chapter:- 4 Mass Transfer
1. State the modes of mass transfer with suitable examples. Explain Fick’s law of diffusion
mass transfer.
2. Define convective mass transfer coefficient and what are its unit.Express Fick’s law in
terms of partial pressures of gases.
Subject: - Industrial Engineering (161907)

1. Which are the major factors affecting plant location?

2. Define Plant layout: Discuss following types of plant layout:
a. Process layout
b. Group technology
c. Fixed position layout
3. Differentiate between Product layout and Process layout by taking suitable example.
4. List the factors which should be considered for selection of site for automobile industry.
5. Write briefly on:
a. Flow process chart
b. Operation process chart OR Travel chart
6. Write down the Types of wage incentive plan:
a. Wage based on time of work
b. Piece-rate of piece work system.
7. Define the following term:
a. Nominal wage
b. Living wage
c. Fair wage
8. Define Incentive.
9. Incentive are necessary for smooth and the effective running of the manufacturing
organization . Discuss giving suitable example.
10. Write down the various name of methods of job evaluation. & Explain any two of these.
11. Write down the comparison of job evaluation Methods.
12. Define Entrepreneur and Entrepreneurship.
13. State various government incentives to entrepreneur.
14. Discuess in brief: Factor affecting entrepreneurial growth.
15. Define Job Evaluation . and write down the name of the procedure for that.