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Material Ledger and Actual Costing
February 1, 2018 | 969 Views |
Sarvottam Darshan
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FIN Material Ledger
actual costingcontrolling
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Executive Summary:
From the time of Luca Pacioli, the father of accounting, till today, inventory valuation has been a
point of debate. In countries with stable inflation rate it is considered fine to have inventory valuated
at standard cost. In such countries material inventory values are normally carried by the SAP system
in one currency with raw materials valuated at moving average price and semi-finished and finished
goods valuated at standard price. In countries where currency is not stable and inflation rates are
high it is pertinent to have inventory valuated at actual costs. In such countries it might also be
required to record inventory valuation in more than one currency, usually a local currency and
another more stable reporting currency like the USD to indicate the inflationary impact on the
inventory values. SAP supports this requirement of showing inventory valuation in multiple
currencies at actual cost using the functionality of material ledger and actual costing. This
whitepaper provides an overview of material ledger, actual costing, its setup in SAP and some
known issues based on real life project experiences.
Line item display of all transitions that have happened on the material
Users can conduct a detailed material price analysis at any time as shown below:
SAP also provides a plethora of reports for business users in Actual Costing / Material Ledger
Information System.
OBYC Settings (Regular setup+ material ledger cost price difference setup etc)
Production Startup (CKMSTART): The expected results of a good material ledger production
startup is as shown below
Note: During material ledger and actual costing setup transaction code CKM9 is used as a key tool
to ensure the setup is technically fine at each step. Each element in this report should show (ok) as
a confirmation for the setup to be fine. All the checks except one are set ok once the above setups
are correctly maintained. The one check which does not come through the above setup is the
“Involved in cost obj. Controlling” setup for material ledger setup. This check automatically becomes
active the moment the first cost object (Production Order, process Order, cost collector) for the
production process is created in SAP. A section of CKM9 result is as shown below:
Material masters do not get created after material ledger is made active but not productive.
So either create it before material ledger is made active or after it is productive.
All previous material ledger periods need to be closed in production before going live. In
number of cases chances are that material ledger gets productive in one month (say
04,2012) and then business tries to execute closing after the completion of the next month
( say 05, 2012). In such cases system generates error message. Forced closing as per OSS
note number 361236.
Setting Material Ledger Unproductive in Development and Quality servers OSS note 108374
Conclusion:
SAP’s material ledger functionality provides the ability to record inventory values in more than one
currency and indicates the inventory inflationary trends. Line item wise material transactions provide
a meticulous approach to conduct actual costing at period ends. It provides detailed information to
users on the flow of actual costs and the impact due to it. The functionality needs to be activated with
caution as once activated in production environment it cannot be deactivated.
References
http://help.sap.com
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