SIX SIGMA IN ACADEMICS: The Quality Innovation!

SIX SIGMA
IMPLEMENTATION IN ACADEMICS
FOR TQM
Dheeraj Mehrotra
NATIONAL AWARDEE
Head, TQM in Education
City Montessori School & Degree College
Lucknow (INDIA)
dheeraj_mehrotra@hotmail.com
BEST PRACTICE SCHOOLS
• MAXIMISE USE OF TECHNOLOGY TO
DRIVE INNOVATION
• CONTINOUSLY SEEK TO IMPROVE
MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES
• ENCOURAGE INPUT FROM TEACHERS,
STUDENTS AND PARENTS
• SIMPLIFY INTERNAL SYSTEMS AND
PROCESSESS WHEREEVER POSSIBLE
www.sixsigmaineducation.com
• PROMOTE HEALTH AND SAFETY AND REDUCE
NUISANCE OR HARM FROM THE ORGANISATION’S
ACTIVITIES
• ARE INVOLVED IN LOCAL COMMUNITIES, EG. IN
EDUCATION & TRAINING, THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR,
SPORT & LEISURE
• CONTRIBUTE TO THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF
RESOURCES, LIKE AIDS TO TEACHING AND
LEARNING AND ACCESS TO INTERNET.
• DEVELOP SYSTEMS TO MEASURE PERFORMANCE IN
EACH OF THE KEY AREAS OF THE ORGANISATION’S
ACTIVITIES.
• BENCHMARK PERFORMANCE INTERNALLY AND
EXTERNALLY WITHIN AND OUTSIDE THEIR SECTOR
FOR IMPROVEMENT TOWARDS RESULTS.
• LEARN FROM THE PRACTICES ADOPTED BY OTHERS.
• TAKE APPROPRIATE AND TIMELY ACTION ON
RESULTS.
Origins of Six Sigma
The concept of Six Sigma originated in the 1980's as
Motorola, in response to the threat of it's Japanese
counterpart, got excited about the concept of zero
defects. Further, the concept bloomed to Allied Signal
and General Electric (GE), and as a result it became
news in 1996 that GE had saved over $1 Billion of
cost by using the Six Sigma methodology. In
academics it is still in infancy. It is dependent on the
management gurus for implementation.
Target and Techniques
of Six Sigma
Six Sigma raises customer satisfaction by reducing

the number of defectives from a process to 3.4
defectives per million. The progress towards
the target is measured by the sigma rating. In
academics, it standardises the enhancement of the
result by percent increase.
Culture of Six Sigma
The culture of Six Sigma suggests a work

environment and quality of work life where everyone
in the company desires to achieve the Six Sigma
target, to increase customer satisfaction, to increase
efficiency, to lower costs and to improve profitability.
This culture provides an important and continuing
focus to management.
The Six Sigma quality concept penetrates --
applying to all processes within a company --
whether 'defective' means an out-of-spec time
coming off a production line, the amount of 're-
work' in a batch of a product, a document with a
misprint, or a late delivery time. The
implementation in the educational arena requires
the teachers to be considered 'employees', or the
workforce in general. The customers tend to be
the parents who pay the fees and want quality in
return of the good result of their wards.
Six Sigma is a
A Quality Philosophy. It's a philosophy
that talks about attainable short-term goals
while striving for long term objective. Our
mission to have a Total Quality Person
(TQP) with a vision that Every Child is
Potentially the Light of the World and a
Pride of the Human Race
Six Sigma is a
A process is any activity or group of
activities that takes an input, adds value to
it, and provides an output to an internal or
an external customer.
Six Sigma provides it's inputs in the form
of measurements of the company's existing
set standards, working on them to get the
desired output i.e.; less number of defects
and higher quality.
Six Sigma is a:
A Tool. Six sigma is a statistical and problem
solving tool.
A Management Strategy or a Business
Process. That allows companies to design,
operate, control and monitor everyday
processes.
A Concept or an Idea. Which has to be first
understood and then merged into the school’s
culture.
A Process. Business for excellence revolves
around processes.
Six Sigma is a:
A Measurement. Of total quality as well as the
defects that might have been overlooked till
now.
A Performance Target. that applies to CTQ's
(Critical To Quality) parameters
(Parameters that play a pivotal role in
determining the quality of any product or any
service).
Application of Six Sigma
The implementation or application of Six Sigma starts
with the recognition of a problem, and the defining of
a project to cure or alleviate that problem. The
project is undertaken by a team using DMAIC, which
stands for Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and
Control.
These are defined further as:
DMAIC
DEFINE:
This phase involves the definition of the

project/assignment, using process map, application
area, desired improvement, likely benefits, etc. The
importance lies in having the chance of a high
successful delivery of better quality and saving costs
in totality. In the context of academic strata, the
failures include identifying and defining the problem.
Projects may include real life problems such as
distractions in the classroom, for example.
DMAIC
MEASURE:
This phase involves the analysis of the process to

determine its present state and the future, as
obtained. Data collection is the main emphasis of this
phase.
DMAIC
ANALYSE:
This phase involves the data analysis for

indentification of parts of process which affect the
quality of the problem.
DMAIC
IMPROVE:
This phase adds to the process to find a permanent

solution to the problem. This may involve better
forecasting, better scheduling, better procedures or
equipment, specifying teaching techniques, work
environment for the teachers, and school campus
quality life.
DMAIC
CONTROL:
This phase involves the process of closing the

problem by putting in the right procedures and
management statistics.
COMPATIBILITY WITH DEMING
CYCLE
(PDCA)
PLAN DO
(D) (M)
DMAIC
Define, Measure,
CHECK ACT Analyze,
Improve and Control.
(IC)www.sixsigmaineducation.com
(A)
DESIGN FOR SIX SIGMA
DMADV
• Define your customers needs and requirements
• Measure your current ability to satisfy your
customers requirements
• Analyze your data
• Design a new process to meet your customers
requirements
• Verify that the process is working and monitor
it’s performance
VOC – Voice of the STUDENT
Every Six Sigma project should
satisfy the STUDENT’S needs and
requirements.
NOMENCLATURE IN
SIX SIGMA
IMPLEMENTATION
• Green Belts
• Black Belts
• Master Black Belts
• Champions or Leaders
Six Sigma Professionals
GREEN BELTS:
These represent the Six Sigma practioners,
with a thorough grounding of the approach.
The teachers and instructors of the students
act as these designatures.
BLACK BELTS:
These represent the Six Sigma experts with a
thorough grounding in the approach, in addition to
the ability to lead the projects
(which is an additional skill over the Green Belts).
A subgroup of the teachers and instructors act in
this role.
MASTER BLACK BELTS:
These represent people who spend their time
focused on Six Sigma, assist leadership for
projection and consultation. The Administration
Officer or the Vice-Principal act in this role.
CHAMPIONS or LEADERS:
They are the senior managers who ensure that
resources are available for training and projects and
also conduct reviews. The Principal acts in this role,
in collaboration of the management or school board.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SIX SIGMA
IN ACADEMIC SCENARIO
With the outcome of the implementation of this

methodology, researchers have found that
successful deployment of Six Sigma involves
focusing on a small number of high-leverage items.
Implementation of Six
Sigma
Which process is causing you and your

PARENTS the most amount of pain? Look for
the low hanging fruit.
What’s wrong with the process? Why is this

process not meeting your STUDENT’s
requirements? No solutions at this point.
Implementation of Six
Sigma
• Your STUDENT wants results and they
want them yesterday. You don’t have the
luxury of time. Make sure you can get
measurable results before you ever start a
project. You can do this by using this guide
make sure your project selection process
is as good as it can be. Nothing can
guarantee a project will be successful but
poor project selection is the main reason
why projects fail.
IN A NUTSHELL
6 Sigma is a Quality Philosophy. It's a
philosophy that talks about attainable
short-term goals while striving for
long term objective.
Thank You & Jai Jagat

SIX SIGMA IN ACADEMICS: The Quality Innovation!

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SIX SIGMA

Six Sigma raises customer satisfaction by reducing

The culture of Six Sigma suggests a work

These are defined further as:

This phase involves the definition of the

This phase involves the analysis of the process to

This phase involves the data analysis for

This phase adds to the process to find a permanent

This phase involves the process of closing the

With the outcome of the implementation of this

Which process is causing you and your

What’s wrong with the process? Why is this

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