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Poultry
The term poultry is applied to bird to several species fowls/chicken (Gallus domestica), ducks,
turkeys etc. that have been domesticated to reproduce and grow in captivity and rendered
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product of economic value such as egg, meat, manure etc.
Feeding: Always ensure adequate fresh feed. Birds that are without feed for six hours will
record a drop in production and a 12 hour starvation will result in moult of wing feathers.
Lighting: The duration of light should be 16 hours per day, but not beyond 17 hours. No
advantage is obtained by exceeding this limit. The amount of light given to the flock in one day
should never be less than that given the day before. A decreasing day length can prematurely
cause hens to go out to production. One 40 watt electric bulb is sufficient for 200 sq.ft. area.
Debeaking: Debeaking, is the partial removal of the beak of poultry, especially layer hens.
Poor debeaking can adversely affect egg production.
Male Female
Chicken Chick Cock Hen
PageS.No
|2 Species Incubation period Chromosome Age at sexual maturity
(days) number (pairs) (weeks)
1. Chicken 21 39 18-20
2. Duck 28 40 28-30
3. Turkey 28 40 28-30
4. Ostrich 42 40 52
2. C mg 1.6
3. Thiamine mg 0.06
4. Riboflavin mg 0.12
5. Niacin mg 6.8
© IU is an International Unit, usually used to measure fat soluble vitamins including Vitamin
A, D and E.
Bird
Chicken Turkey
Egg weight (g) 57 85
Yolk (%) 30 32
Albumen (%) 60 56
Shell (%) 10 12
Incubation:
Providing temperature and humidity for normal development of embryo in egg. It may be
artificial or natural. A machine which provide all these is called incubator.
Incubation Requirement:
Rod island red Rod island in new england Dual purpose breed,
produce 100 egg per year,
rectangular bird
Whitre leg horn Italy Highest egg production
breed in the world, Average
2oo eggs
Red cronish England Famous in America for meat
Ply mouth rock America Produce best quality meat
Aseel UP Famous for fighting sports
Kadaknath Madhya Pradesh Black colored meat
Water Consumption:
Age of birds Water amount per 100 birds
0-2 weeks 4.5 to 6.5 liter per day
10-15 weeks 18-22.5 liter per day
Laying hens 27-36 liter per day
© Hover: A canopy used on brooders to direct the heat downwards to the chickens.
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8 590
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12 850
16 1100
20 1300
24 1550
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40 1700
60 1700
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Poultry Disease
Parasitic (external) – Lice, mites, tick and fleas
Nutritional Disease
Rickets Vitamin — D Deficiency
Curled toe paralysis Vitamin B2 Deficiency
Crazy chick Vitamin - E deficiency
Perosis
Mn deficiency
Parakeratosis Zn deficiency
Skin Disease
Eye disease- B2 deficiency