Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Undergraduate Thesis
Submitted to the Faculty of the
Department Crop Science
Cavite State University
Indang, Cavite
In partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree
Bachelor of Arts in Agriculture
(Major in Crop Science)
REAGO P. FEDELIN
May 2018
INTRODUCTION
The most serious insect pest on coffee around the world is the Coffee Berry Borer (CBB),
Hypothenemus hampei, causing destruction to the economic crop for every region where
commercial coffee is produced. This cause a surmountable amount of damage to yield in terms
of coffee production, while reducing the overall quality resulting in poor productivity and quality
in cases like in Indonesia. (Anon., 2004; Vega et al., 2002) Hypothenemus is common in all
tropical and subtropical areas, most under species genera of Scolytinae (Wood, 1986). Very
small (<2 mm long), difficult to describe and distinguish. Globally distributed with the aid of
human activities. Most notably the H. hampei that consumes and live inside the berry from
inside. Both adult and larval stages feed inside coffee berries, affecting the quality and reducing
Different Integrated Pest Management (IPM) methods are applied to control the cryptic
pest such as the application of Beauvaria bassiana, sanitation harvesting of the CBB food source
left on the ground after harvest and application of other insecticide. The most effective among
the method is application of the fungi Beauvaria bassiana but in order for the control method be
effective in a commercial farm, large quantities of this is needed or sprayed in the area which
constitute to more cost for our local farmers. (S. Wiryadiputra et al, 2008)
With the introduction of Traps as a new control for CBB and the Brocap trap that this
(Dufour, 2002; 2008). In a trial in Indonesia, the brocap trap captured up to 1064 CBB/week/trap
in a span of four months the number captured reduced to lower than 20 insects per trap per week.
The study aims to measure the efficacy of different traps and attractants to aid our local
farmers to reduce loss in yield and quality and cost of our local farmers in growing coffee due to
H. hampei infestations.
Although there are other means of control, in terms of cost efficiency the use of Traps
and attractants in a longer time proves to be most efficient. The application of IPM would create
good crop protection practice for the farmers as well as increasing the yield and quality of the
coffee grown. Ultimately, this would aid our local farmers in coffee production.
This study will be conducted within Cavite State University – Indang and local farms
around Amadeo, Cavite with a span of twelve months from June to May 2019.
Insect pest that are significantly problematic to coffee growers will be included in the
computation of traps insects. All local farmers within upland Cavite are prospect for research.
The counting of insects is done in a well maintained laboratory. Security of the coffee farms are
assured to the farmers. Wet and Dry season monitoring of Traps and Attractants is accounted for.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Coffee
With the introduction of Traps as a new control for CBB and the Brocap trap that this
(Dufour, 2002; 2008). In a trial in Indonesia, the brocap trap captured up to 1064 CBB/week/trap
in a span of four months the number captured reduced to lower than 20 insects per trap per week.
To verify the occurrence of the coffee berry borer, the berries that remained in the fields
after the November 2014 harvest was evaluated. These berries were used as it has been
documented that high levels of pest infestation could be found in berries remaining post-harvest
without doubt the most studied as a result of the losses in yield and quality that it causes in
coffee plantations worldwide. Nevertheless, a recent review if the literature published on the
coffee berry borer from 1910 to 2013 (Infante et al., 2014) revealed that of 1603 papers
published on the insect, only ca. 602 were peer-reviewed, equivalent to ca. six papers per year.
Coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, most destructive coffee insect pest
throughout the world with the use of its genetic variability through Gene finger printing its
from one region to another (on seeds, on tools, on humans, by commercial trade of products),
and (2) by flying from infested berries that remain unpicked on the tree or from seeds left on the
ground post-harvest, from infested coffee beans during processing, or from infested beans left on
the ground after the renovation or pruning of old coffee crops. (Benavides, 2013)
Monitoring populations
Most important insect pest of coffee, the coffee berry borer has reduced the quality and
yield of coffee making it difficult to control its population density also due to its life cycle living
inside the berry so the application of traps are used in the study in attracting the pest.
Developing larvae feed on the seed, reducing quality and yield of coffee (Bustillo et al.
1998; Vega et al. 2009). Control is difficult because the CBB spends most of its lifecycle inside
Investigation of population dynamics of red spider mites, coffee leaf miners and coffee
berry borers of three management types of agroforestry: plant diversity increase from few shade
tree species, high-shade species and medium shade species. Showing different abundance in pest
effects of parasitoids and diseases, and by weather that affects CBB survival and behavior (e.g.,
emergence of young females from the berries). (Arcila and Jaramillo, 2003)
Monitoring of the flight activity of coffee berry borer as part of a coffee farmer training
program resulted with more information on the seasonal phenology of the pest relating to its
Field density infestation by quantifying the infestation and penetration rates inside developing
optimize both localized and area-wide integrated control strategies (Damon 2000, Jaramillo et al.
environmental variables of three major coffee pest, i.e, spider mites, berry borers and leaf miners
that potentially influence their population densities with the use of hierarchical partitioning
methods.
The berry borer is a beetle considered as the most serious coffee pest worldwide.
(Murphy and Moore, 1990). Both adult and larval stages feed inside coffee berries, affecting the
Investigation of population dynamics of red spider mites, coffee leaf miners and coffee
berry borers of three management types of agroforestry: plant diversity increase from few shade
tree species, high-shade species and medium shade species. Showing different abundance in pest
agroecosystems on arthropod population dynamics, very few studies have addressed how
specific arthropod developmental stages respond to vegetational management. (but see Harmon
et al., 2003) Arthropod developmental stages may differ in their responses to agroecosystem
Attractants
Evaluation of botanical oils, mineral oils and an insecticide that contained azadirachtin
(ICA) in controlling H. hampei with the residual effect of castor oil in relation to their abundance
Materials
Brocap trap
Plastic bottles
Attractants
Methyl: Ethanol
Isopropyl
Oil extracts
Coffee bean
Stand
Research Design
trap and attractant as control for the borer. Initially the level of infestation is determined with the
use of the 30-tree method and also to monitor the area of where the pests are present.
References
Luis F. Aristizabal, Suzanne Shriner, Robert Hollingsworth, and Steven Arthurs. July 2017.
Flight Activity and Field Infestation Relationships for Coffee Berry Borer in Commercial
Coffee Plantations in Kona and Kau Districts, Hawaii. Journal of Economic Entomology,
XX(X). Oxford University Press, pp. 1-7.
Daniel Rodriguez, Jose Ricardo Cure, Andrew Paul Gutierrez, Jose Miguel Cotes, Fernando
Cantor. 15 November 2012. A coffee agroecosystem model: II. Dynamics of coffee berry
borer. Ecological Modelling 248, Elsevier, pp. 203-214.
Benavides, Pablo. August 2013. Genetic Variability and global distribution of the coffee berry
borer, Hypothenemushampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera:Scolytidae). ProQuest Information and
Learning Company.
Fernando E. Vega, Francisco Infante, and Andrew J. Johnson. January 2015. The Genus
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