SUMMARY

Fire protection is a very important aspect to be considered in any building. During the talk
given by Pbt Abd. Razak Manap, a representative from the Fire and Rescue Station of Pasir Gudang,
there are 2 types of fire protection which is Active Protection and Passive Protection. It is chosen
according to the suitability, size of building and also uses of the building.

Active protection is the most common type of fire protection used in a building. Active
protection functions automatically where it automatically detects fire, sends signals and activates
the device to put out fire. It could be in any form of devices such as sprinklers, risers, hose reel,
extinguishers, fire alarm box and fire alarms. As for passive protection, it is fully dependant on the
layout design of the building.

Firstly, students were exposed to active type of fire protection. We were exposed briefly
about sprinklers. Sprinklers has its own types of head, limit of temperature to enable the sprinkler to
burst, area of control and also how it works in detecting, sending signals and putting out fire.
Different colours of liquid in the sprinkler head has different limit of temperature and being used at
different places according to its suitability. For example, building that carries out heavy industrial
works would install sprinkler heads with liquid that has higher temperature limit compared to a
building like an office.

We were also exposed to risers. Risers are another equipment of active fire protection.
There are two types of risers which is dry riser and wet riser. Dry riser contains no water and it is
usually used in a building with a height of more than 18.3 metre but less than 30 metre. It consists of
several components which is the breeching inlet, vertical pipe, landing valve and air release valve.
Installations of dry risers have its own terms and conditions and also explanation of installation.
Another type of riser exposed to students is wet riser. Wet riser contains water. It is installed
according to the Uniform Building by Law (UBBL). It consists of a tank and pump, supply pipe, valve
and return pipe. It also has its own terms and conditions of installation. It is usually installed in a
building with more than 30 metre height.

Next, students were exposed about hose reels and fire extinguishers. Hose reels are installed
according to the Schedule 10 of UBBL. The speaker mentioned about the purposes of installations,
how the system of hose reels functions and other specifications. The amount of water usually used
for hose reels is between 2275 litres to 9199 litres. It consists of a set of pump which is the duty and
standby pump. We were also introduced to the fire extinguishers. Fire extinguishers consist of gases
to put out fire. For example, the carbon dioxide extinguishers are often used at dangerous areas
such as generators, cargos and also oil tank. It is also installed in a place that is unoccupied by
people. The system works from detecting the smoke, alarm of CO2, the emergency bell and the
green light would turn red. Extinguishers consists of 4 components which is the cylinder-shaped
tank, detector, nozzle and pipe.