INTERMEDIATE IIB IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 MARKS)

CIRCLE(Q.No:18)(16-04-2018)
1. a). Find the equation of the circle passing through the points (3, 4), (3, 2), (1, 4)
b). Find the equation of the circle passing through the points (1, 1), (2, -1), (3, 2)
MSJUNIOR COLLEGE
2. a) Show that the points (1, 1), (-6, 0), (- 2, 2) and (-2, -8) are concyclic.
b). Show that the four points (1, 2), (3, -4), (5, -6) and (19, 8) are concyclic and find the equation of the circle.

3. If (2, 0), (0, 1), (4, 5) and (0, c) are concyclic, then find the value of c.

4. Find the equation of the circle whose centre lies on x-axis and passing through (-2, 3) and (4, 5).
5. a).Find the equation of a circle which passes through the points (4, 1), (6, 5) and whose centre lies on 4x + 3y - 24 = 0.
b). Find the equation of a circle which passes through the points (4, 1), (6, 5) and whose centre lies on 4x + y - 16 = 0.

6. Find the equations of the circles which touch 2x - 3y + 1 = 0 at (1, 1) and having radius 13 .
7. If 1, 2 are the angles of inclination of tangents through a point P to the circle x2 + y2 = a2, then find the locus of P when
cot 1 + cot 2 = k.
8. Show that the area of the triangle formed by the two tangents through P(x1, y1) to the circle S  x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
r . S113/2
and the chord of contact of P with respect to S = 0 is where r is the radius of the circle.
S11 + r 2

CIRCLE (Q.No:19)(20-04-2018)

1. a).Show that the circles x2 + y2 - 6x - 2y + 1 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2x - 8y + 13 = 0 touch each other. Also find the point of
contact and common tangent at this point of contact.(Externally)

b).Show that the circles x2 + y2 - 4x - 6y -12 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 6x +18y + 26 = 0 touch each other. Also find the point of
contact and common tangent at this point of contact.(Externally)

b).Show that the circles x2 + y2 - 6x - 9y + 13= 0 and x2 + y2 - 2x -16y= 0 touch each other. Also find the point of contact
and common tangent at this point of contact.(Internally).

d).Show that the circles x2 + y2 - 4x - 6y -12= 0 and 5(x2 + y2 ) - 8x - 14y -32 = 0 touch each other. Also find the point of
contact and common tangent at this point of contact.(Internally).

.
2. a). Find the transverse common tangents of the circles x2 + y2 - 4x - 10y + 28 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 4x - 6y + 4 = 0.

b). Find the equations of direct common tangents of the circles x2 + y2 + 22x - 4y - 100 = 0 and x2 + y2 - 22x + 4y + 100 = 0.

c). find the equation of all possible common tangents of the circles x2 + y2 - 2x - 6y + 6= 0 and x2 + y2 =1.

3. a).find the equation of the circle which touches the circle x2 + y2 - 2x -4y - 20= 0 externally at (5, 5) with radius 5.

b). find the equation of the circle which touches the circle x2 + y2 - 4x +6y - 12= 0 internally at (-1, 1) with radius 2.

4. Find the pair of tangents drawn from (1, 3) to the circle x2 + y2 - 2x + 4y - 11 = 0 and also find the angle between them.

5. Show that the poles of the tangents to thecircle x2 + y2 = a2 with respect to the circle (x + a)2 + y2 = 2a2 lies on y2 + 4ax = 0.

6. Prove that the combined equation of pair of tangents drawn from an external point P(x1, y1) to the circle S = 0 is S12 = SS11

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 INTERMEDIATE IIB IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

PARABOLA(Q.No:20)(23-04-2018)
1 Derive the equation of the parabola y2 = 4ax in the standard form.
2 Find the coordinates of the vertex and focus, the equation of the directrix and axis of the parabola.
i) y2 + 4x + 4y - 3 = 0 ii) x2 - 2x + 4y - 3 = 0.
3 MSJUNIOR
a).Find the equation of the parabola whose axis is parallel to Y-axis and which passes through COLLEGE
the points (4, 5), (-2, 11) and (-
4, 21).
b).Find the equation of the parabola whose axis is parallel to X-axis and which passes through the points
(-2, 1), (1, 2) and (-1, 3).
4. Find the equation of the parabola whose focus is (-2, 3) and directrix is the line 2x + 3y - 4 = 0. Also find the length of
the latusrectum and the equation of the axis of the parabola.

5. a).Show that the equations of common tangents to the circle x2 + y2 = 2a2 and the parabola y2 = 8ax are y = +(x + 2a).
b).Show that the common tangents to the circle 2x2 + 2y2 = a2 and the parabola y2 = 4ax intersect at the focus of the
parabola y2 = -4ax.
6. a). If y1 , y2,, y3 are the y- coordinates the vertices of the triangle inscribed in the parabola y2 = 4ax, then show that the
1
 y 1  y 2  y 2  y 3  y 3  y1  square units.
area of the triangle is Prove that the area of the triangle formed
8a
b).by the tangents at (x 1 , y 1 ), (x 2 , y 2 ) and (x 3 , y 3 ) to the parabola y2 = 4ax (a > 0) is
1
 y1  y2   y2  y3   y3  y1  sq.units.
16a

9. i) If the coordinates of the ends of a focal chord of the parabola y2 = 4ax are (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) then prove that
x1 x2 = a2, y1 y2 = -4a2.
1 1 1
ii) For a focal chord PQ of the parabola y2 = 4ax, if SP = and SQ =   , then prove that   .
  a
10. Show that the locus of point of intersection of perpendicular tangents to the parabola y2 = 4ax is the directrix x + a = 0.

1 1 2 2

11. Show that the equation common tangent to the parabola y2 = 4ax and x2 = 4by is xa 3  yb 3  a 3 b 3  0 .

1  3a b
1/3 1/3 
12. Prove that the two parabolas y2 = 4ax and x2 = 4by intersect (other than the origin) at an angle of Tan  2/3 .
 2(a  b2/3 ) 
.
INTEGRATION(Q.No:21)(25-04-2018)

x +1 x +1
1. a). Evaluate  dx . b). Evaluate  dx .
2 2
x - x +1 x + 3x + 12
2x  5 5x
2. a). Evaluate  2
x  2x  10
dx b). Evaluate  x2

3. Evaluate  (6x + 5) 6 - 2x2 + x dx . b). Evaluate   3x  2  2x 2  x  1 dx .

1 1
4. a).Evaluate  dx
. (b). Evaluate  dx
.
1  x  3  2x  x 2  x  1 2x2  3x  1

1 1
5. a).Evaluate  1  sin x  cos x dx . b). Evaluate  3cosx  4sinx  6 dx .
dx 1
c). Evaluate  4cos x  3sinx d).Evaluate  4  5 sin x dx
dx 1
e). Evaluate  5  4 cos x f). Evaluate  5  4 cos 2x dx

9 cos x  sin x 2cos x  3 sin x

6. a). Evaluate  4 sin x  5 cos x dx b). Evaluate  4 cos x  5 sin x dx
cos x + 3 sin x + 7 2 sin x + 3 cosx +4
7.*** a). Evaluate  cos x + sin x + 1 dx b). Evaluate  3 sinx + 4 cosx+5 dx

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 INTERMEDIATE IIB IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
INTEGRATION(Q.No:22)(27-04-2018)

n-1
1. a). If In =  sinn x dx , then show that In = -sin x cos x + nn- 1 In - 2 and hence find I5, I4
n
cosn-1x sin x n - 1
b). If In =  cosnx.dx, then show that Ιn  + .Ιn-2 and hence find Ι 4
n n
MSJUNIOR COLLEGE
If In =  sec n x dx , then prove that In = n1- 1 secn - 2 x . tan x + nn -- 2  sec
5
dx .
2. a). 1 In - 2, and deduce value of

b) If In =  cosecnx dx , then prove that In = - n1- 1 cosecn - 2 x .cot x + nn -- 2

1 In - 2, and deduce value of
cosec5 dx. 
3. a). Find the reduction formula for  tann x dx and hence find  tan6 x dx , and  tan5 x dx .
4
b). Find the reduction formula for  cot n x dx and hence find  cot x dx .
1 n1
4. If Im, n =  sinm x cosn x dx then prove that Im, n = cosn - 1 x sinm + 1 x + I .
mn m  n m, n - 2
2x  3 sin x cos x
5. Solve the following a).Evaluate  (x  3)(x
2
 4)
dx . b). Evaluate  cos 2
x  3 cos x  2
dx

2
6. a). Show that  a2 - x 2 dx = x a2 - x 2 + a sin-1 x + c b). Using integration by parts, evaluate  ex cosx dx.
2 2 a

DEFINITE INTEGRALS(Q.No:23)(30-04-2018)

π/4 1
sin x + cos x log (1 + x)
1. Evaluate  9 + 16 sin 2x dx . 2. Evaluate  dx .
0 0 1 + x2

x π

3. a). Evaluate  1  sinx dx

0
b).
x sin x
Evaluate  1 + sin x dx .
0

π π
x sin x dx x sin3 x dx
4. a).Evaluate  2 . b). Evaluate  2 .
0 1 + cos x 0 1 + cos x
π/2 π/2
x π log ( 2 + 1) sin2 x
5. a). Show that  sin x + cos x dx = b). Evaluate  dx
0
2 2 cos x + sin x
0
9
7
7x dx
6. a). Evaluate  x 3
b). Evaluate   9  x  x  4 
4
3

6 b

7. c).Evaluate 
2
(x  2)(6  x) dx d). Evaluate 
a
(x  a)(b  x) dx

π
7 6
8. Find the value of  x . sin x cos x dx .
0

9. a). Find the area of the region bounded by the parabolas y2 = 4x and x2 = 4y.
b). Find the area between the curves y2 = 4ax, x2 = 4by.

10. a).Find the area enclosed between y = x2 - 5x and y = 4 - 2x

b).Find the area enclosed by the curves y = 3x and y = 6x - x2.

11. a).Find the area enclosed between y2 = 4x, y2 = 4(4 - x)

b).Find the area of the region enclosed between the curves y = 2 - x2, y = x2
c).Find the area of the region enclosed between the curves y = x2, y = x

x2 y2
12 a).Show that the area of the region bounded by 2  2  1 is ab. Also deduce the area of the circle x2 + y2 = a2..
a b
x2 y2
b).let AOB be the positive quadrant of the ellipse 2  2  1 with OA=a, OB=b. then S.T area bounded btetween the
a b
chord AB and the arc AB of the ellipse is ab/4.

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 INTERMEDIATE IIB IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS(Q.No:24)(02-0502018)

1 Solve the differential equation (2x + y + 1) dx + (4x + 2y - 1) dy = 0.

dy 2x  y  3
2. Solve the differential equation dx  2y  x  1

dy 3y  7x  7 MSJUNIOR COLLEGE
3. Solve the differential equation dx  3x  7y  3

dy 10x  8y  12
4. Solve the differential equation dx  7x  5y  9  0

5. Solve (x3 - 3xy2)dx + (3x2y - y3)dy = 0.

 y  
6. Give the solution of x sin2   dx = ydx - xdy which passes through the point  1,  .
x  4
dy
7. Find the solution of the differential equation x (x - 2) - 2 (x-1) y = x3 (x - 2) which satisfies the condition that
dx
y = 9 when x = 3.

8. Solve the differental equation dy + xsin2y = x3.cos2y. (Bernoulli’s D.E)

dx
dy 2 3
9. Solve the differential equation (x y  xy)  1. (Bernoulli’s D.E)
dx

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 MARKS)

CIRCLE(Q.No:11)(04-05-2018)
1. If the abscissae of points A, B are the roots of the equation x2 + 2ax - b2 = 0 and ordinates of A,B are the roots of
y2 + 2py - q2 = 0, then find the equation of a circle for which AB is a diameter..
2. If a point P is moving such that the lengths of tangents drawn from P to the circles x2 + y2 - 4x - 6y - 12 = 0 and
x2 + y2 + 6x + 18y + 26 = 0 are in the ratio 2 : 3, then find the equation of the locus of P.

3. a).Find the length of the chord intercepted by the circle x2 + y2 - 8x - 2y - 8 = 0 on the line x + y + 1 = 0.
b).Find the equation of the circle with centre (-2, 3) cutting a chord of length 2 units on 3x + 4y + 4 = 0.

4. a).Show that x + y + 1 = 0 touches the circle x2 + y2 - 3x + 7y + 14 = 0 and find its point of contact.
b).Show that the tangent at (-1, 2) of the circle x2 + y2 - 4x - 8y + 7 = 0 touches the circle x2 +y2 + 4x + 6y = 0,
also find its point of contact.
c). Find the midpoint of the chord intercepted by x2 + y2 - 2x - 10y + 1 = 0 on the line x - 2y+7 = 0.

5. a).Find the area of the triangle formed by the tangent drawn at (x1, y1) on the circle x2 + y2 = a2 with the coordinate
axes.
b). Find the area of the triangle formed by the Normal drawn at (3, , - 4) on the circle x2 + y2 -22x-4y+25=0 with the
coordinate axes.

6. a).Find the equations of the tangents to the circle x2 + y2 - 4x + 6y - 12 = 0 which the parallel to x + y - 8 = 0.
b).Find the equations of tangents to the circle x2 + y2 + 2x - 2y - 3 = 0 which are perpendicular to 3x - y + 4 = 0.

7. a)Find the pole of 3x + 4y - 45 = 0 with respect to x2 + y2 - 6x - 8y + 5 = 0.

b).Find the value of k if kx + 3y - 1 = 0, 2x + y + 5 = 0 are conjugate lines with respect to the circle x2 + y2 - 2x - 4y - 4 = 0.

8. Find the inverse point of (-2, 3) with respect to the circle x2 + y2 - 4x - 6y + 9 = 0.

9. Find the equation to the pair of tangents drawn from (0,0) to x2 + y2 + 10x + 10y + 40 = 0.

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 INTERMEDIATE IIB IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

SYSTEM OF CIRCLES(Q.No:12)(07-05-2018)
1. Find the equation of the circle passing through the points of the intersection of circles x2 + y2 - 8x - 6y + 21 = 0,
x2 + y2 - 2x - 15 = 0 and the point (1, 2).

2. a).If the straight line 2x + 3y = 1 intersects the circle x2 + y2 = 4 at the points A and B, then find the equation of the
circle having AB as diameter.
b).Find the equation of the circle whose diameter is the common chord of the circle MSJUNIOR
x2 + y2 + 2x + COLLEGE
3y + 1 = 0,
x + y + 4x + 3y + 2 = 0.
2 2

3. a).Show that the circles x2 + y2 - 2x - 4y - 20 = 0, x2 + y2 + 6x + 2y - 90 = 0 touch each other internally. Find their point
of contact.
b).Show that the circles x2 + y2 - 8x - 2y + 8 = 0 and x2 + y2 - 2x + 6y +6 = 0 touch each other and find the point of
contact.

1 + 1 =1
4. Show that the circles x2 + y2 + 2ax + c = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2by + c = 0 touch each other if .
a2 b2 c
5. Prove that the radical axis of the circles x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2 g x + 2 f  y + c  = 0 is the diameter
of the latter circle if 2 g (g - g ) + 2 f  (f - f  ) = c - c  .

6. If the angle between the circles x2 + y2 - 12x - 6y + 41 = 0 and x2 + y2 + kx + 6y - 59 = 0 is 450, find k.

7. a).Find the equation of the circle which passes through the point (0, - 3) and intersects the circles given by the
equations x2 + y2 - 6x + 3y + 5 = 0 and x2 + y2 - x - 7y = 0 orthogonally.
b).Find the equation of the circle which cuts the circles x2 + y2 - 4x - 6y + 11 = 0 and x2 + y2 - 10x - 4y + 21 = 0
orthogonally and has the diameter along the straight line 2x + 3y = 7.

8. a).Find the radical centre of the circles x2 + y2 - 4x - 6y + 5 = 0, x2 + y2 - 2x - 4y - 1 = 0, x2 + y2 - 6x - 2y = 0.

b).Find the equation of the circle which is orthogonal to x 2 + y2 + 2x + 17y + 4 = 0, x 2 + y2 + 7x + 6y + 11 = 0
and x 2 + y2 - x + 22y + 3 = 0.
9. Find the equation and length of the common chord of the two circles x2 + y2 + 3x + 5y + 4 = 0, x2 + y2 + 5x + 3y + 4 = 0.

ELLIPSE(Q.No:13)(09-05-2018)
1. Find the equation of the ellipse with focus at (1, -1), e = 2/3 and directrix as x + y + 2 = 0.
2. a).Find the equation of the ellipse in the standard form such that the distance between the foci is 8 and the distance
between the directrices is 32.
b).Find the equation of the ellipse in the standard form whose distance between foci is 2 and the length of latusrectum is 15/2.
c).Find the equation of the ellipse referred to its major, minor axes as the coordinate axes X,Y - respectively with latus
rectum of length 4, whose distance between foci is 4 2 . .
x2 y2
4 If P(x, y) is any point on the ellipse   1 with foci S and S then prove that SP  SP is a constant.
a2 b2
5. The distance of a point on the ellipse x2 + 3y2 = 6 from its centre is equal to 2. Find the eccentric angles .
6.
x2 y2
7. Show that the points of intersection of the perpendicular tangents to an ellipse +
= 1 lies on a circle.
a2 b2
8. Show that the locus of the feet of the perpendiculars drawn from either of the foci to any tangent to the ellipse is the
auxiliary circle.
x2 y2
9. If the normal at one end of a latus rectum of the ellipse 2 + 2 = 1 passes through one end of the minor axis, then
a b
show that e4 + e2 = 1.
x2 y2
10. Find the condition for the line x cos  + y sin  = p to be a tangent to the ellipse   1.
a 2 b2
x2 y2
11. If the line y = mx + c touches the ellipse + = 1 , prove that c2 = a2 m2 + b2.
a2 b2
a2 x b2 y
12. Prove that the equation of the normal at P(x1, y1) to the ellipse is   a 2  b2 .
x1 y1
13. The tangent nad normal to the ellipse x2 + 4y2 = 4 at a point P() on it meets the major axes in Q and R respectively.

If 0 <  < and QR = 2, then show that  = Cos-1
2
x2 y2
14. Prove that the equation of the chord joining the points  and  on the ellipse 2  2  1.
a b
x      y          
is cos 
a 2   b sin  2   cos  2 
     

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 INTERMEDIATE IIB IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

ELLIPSE(Q.No:14)(11-05-2018)
1. Find the length of major axis, minor axis, latusrectum, eccentricity, foci, equations of directrices of the ellipse
(a). 9x2 + 16y2 = 144. (b). 4x2 + y2 - 8x + 2y + 1 = 0. (c). 9x2 + 16y2 - 36x + 32y - 92 = 0.
2. Find the equations of the tangents to the ellipse 2x + y = 8 which are
2 2

a) parallel to x - 2y - 4 = 0.
b) perpendicular to x + y + 2 = 0.
(c) which are making angle 45 with x-axis. MSJUNIOR COLLEGE
3. Find the equations of tangents to 9x + 16y = 144, which makes equal intercepts on the coordinate axes.
2 2

4. Find the equations of the tangent and normal to the ellipse 9x2 + 16y2 = 144 at the end of latus rectum in the
first quadrant.
5. Find the equation of tangent and normal to the ellipse 2x2 + 3y2 = 11 at the point whose ordinate is one.
7. Find the equation of tangent and normal to the ellipse x2 + 2y2 - 4x + 12y +14 = 0. at (2, -1)
8. Find the value of k if 4x + y + k = 0 is a tangent to the ellipse x2 + 3y2 = 3.
9. Find the equation of the ellipse in the standard form passing through (-2, 2) and (3, -1).
HYPERBOLA (Q.No:15)(12-05-2018)
1. One focus of a hyperbola is (1, -3) and the corresponding directrix is y = 2. Find the equation of the hyperbola if its
3
ecentricity is .
2
2. Find the eccentricity, foci, equations of directrices, length of latus rectum of the hyperbola
a). x2 - 4y2 = 4. b). 16y2 - 9x2 = 144. c). 9x2 - 16y2 +72x-32y-16=0. d). 5x2 - 4y2 + 20x + 8y = 4.

3. a). Find the equations of tangent to the hyperbola x2 - 4y2 = 4 which are i) parallel ii) perpendicular to the line x + 2y = 0.
b).Find the equations of tangents to the hyperbola 3x2 - 4y2 = 12 which are i) parallel ii) perpendicular to the line y = x - 7

4. Find the equation of the hyperbola whose foci are (4, 2), (8, 2) and eccentricity is 2.

x2 y2 b
5. Show the angle between the two asymptotes of a hyperbola  2  1 is 2Tan-1   or 2 Sec-1(e).
a 2
b a
x2 y2
6. Show that the condition for the line x + my + n = 0 to be a tangent to the hyperbola 2
- = 1 a22 - b2m2 = n2.
a b2
x2 y2 ax by
7. Show that the equation of normal at P() to the hyperbola - = 1 is + = a2 + b2.
a 2
b 2 sec θ tan θ
DEFINITE INTEGRALS(Q.No:16)(13-05-2018)
n
i3 n  1  n  2  .......  n  n
1. (a). Evaluate nlim

 i 1 i  n
4 4 . (b). Evaluate Lim .
n 
n n
 1 1 1
Evaluate Lim   .....   .
n  n  1
(c).
 n2 6n 
 /2  /3
a sin x  b cos x sinx
2. (a). Evaluate  sin x  cos x
dx . (b). Evaluate  sinx  cos x
dx
0  /6

5
/2
cos 2 x
(c). Evaluate  5 5
dx
0
s in x  c o s x
2 2

 /2 
dx dx
3. (a). Evaluate 
0
4  5 cos x
. (b). Evaluate  3  2 cos x .
0

1 1
 2x 
Evaluate  x Tan x dx .  sin
1 1
4. 5. Evaluate  1  x 2  dx .
0 0  
/ 2 4 5

 sinn x dx . Evaluate  (16  x ) dx .

2 2
6. Obtain a reduction formula for 7.
0 0
 /2 2

 sin2 x cos4 x dx .  sin

4
8. Find 9. Find x cos6 x dx .
 /2 0

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 INTERMEDIATE IIB IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS(Q.No:17)
Linear diffrential equations in y

dy dy
1. (a).
dx
+ ytan x = sinx. (b). Solve: - y tanx = ex sec x.
dx MSJUNIOR COLLEGE
dy dy
(c). Solve: cosx + y sinx = sec2 x. (d). Solve: + y tanx = cos3 x.
dx dx

dy -1
tan x dy tan1 x.
2. (a). Solve : (1 + x2) +y= e . (b). Solve : (1 + x2) +y=
dx dx

dy dy
(c). Solve: Solve: (1 + x2) + 2xy - 4x2 = 0. (d). Solve : x log x + y = 2 log x.
dx dx

Lenear diffrential equations in x

dy
3. (a). Solve: (x + y + 1) = 1. (b). Solve: (1+y2) dx = (Tan-1 y - x) dx.
dx

Variables seprable D.E

dy
4. (a). Solve: = ex - y + x2 e-y. (b). Solve: (xy2 + x) dx + (yx2 + y)dy = 0.
dx
dy y2 + y + 1
(c). Solve : + 2 = 0. (d). Solve: (ex + 1)y dy + (y + 1)dx = 0.
dx x + x +1
dy dy dy x(2 log x + 1)
(e). Solve: y - x = 5(y2 + ). (f). Solve: = sin y + y cos y .
dx dx dx

(g). Solve: 1+x2 dx + 1+y2 dy = 0

Variables seprable D.E(substitution)

5. (a). Solve : sin-1  dydx  = x + y.. (b). Solve:

dy
dx
- x tan(y - x) = 1

dy
(c). Solve: +1 = ex +y
dx

Homogeneous D.E

dy
6. (a). Solve: (x2 - y2) dx - xy dy = 0. (b). Solve: (x2 - y2) = xy
dx
dy x-y dy xy + y
(c). Solve : = x+y (d). Solve : = xy + x
dx dx
(f). Solve (2x - y) dy = (2y - x) dx. (g). Solve: xdy = (y + x cos2 y/x) dx.

Non - Homogeneous D.E

dy 2x - y + 1 dy x-y+3
7. (a) = x + 2y - 3 (case (i)) (b). Solve: = 2x - 2y + 5 .(case (ii))
dx dx

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