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  • Conscripts of Western Civilization

    Încărcat de

    Deb Bie
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    Talal Asad Conscripts of Western Civilization

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    Talal Asad Conscripts of Western Civilization

    Drepturi de autor:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca PDF sau citiți online pe Scribd
    Indicator pentru conținut neadecvat
    537 vizualizări10 pagini

    Conscripts of Western Civilization

    Încărcat de

    Deb Bie
    Talal Asad Conscripts of Western Civilization

    Drepturi de autor:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca PDF sau citiți online pe Scribd
    Indicator pentru conținut neadecvat
    din 10
    Conscripts of Westen Civilization In fas, sectetion ha bays on ater [sora ight wap pte soil eon ‘Atcouated and weakened tha it can no longer {et fn the foundering groupe ony nt he ‘Nanded of he more pent wc in ode o treo inna Bat eae Cones ToDaAY 19 18 NOT merely “primitive eulures™ that aze shattered by more powerfal “ciation all societies that anthropologists study are being destroyed and remade bythe forces {hat were unleashed by Bropenn imperialism and indutil ep: tem. The modern world fe nw structed aa n power dome fn sich plea, esonomi, and ieolgial processes interact diet, regardless of distance, and where historical gent in vey diferent places are eblged to address aspects of dena problems. To sty this isnot to ater that the globe i socially homogeneoue, or that romEuropesn secees have lost their etal “asthenty" Sach tlsims have been made or denied by trecer, anthropologists, and polical ideologues for generations. My pointe «different one: hat focial and culearl varity everywhere inerensngy responds to, and ismanaged by categories brought into py by moders forces. If os some anthropologists now pat i cate is eras invented (ace ‘Wagner 1961) if vention always opens up the prasblies for di ference, then it should alo e clear thatthe condos of invention fare no longer what they once were, os Diamond points out (1974 204-6) More precy even f ste tht new cltral forms are bing ontnwouely invented in diferent society, these societies now live single, shared wold,» world brought into ing by Euro pean conquest? ‘ne ofthese condiions, on which mack has been writen, the emergence of «word ecnomy. We know that there ate gest ier ences in the ways European eapitelst enterprises penetrated nom: uropean countries and conte tothe eorgenzaon of thir econtmis, But we know too, tha he differences are generated wit Ine modern poiealeconomie ld in which loa and gba forces interact. Another (elated) new condones rated from the for. ‘ation of moder slaes om European patterns thoughout the orld Stems af centralized goverment of bueascrte contol of Alas rule, have existed since ancient nes in various parts of the ‘lobe. but the modern states quite disci Tee daintive not Deeaus itis ejentialy the instrament of Bourges domination —we Jeno that icin and docs exist in nonbourgess sicetes—but be casei deploys distinctive eategorien and thus conditions divine polieal practices. The state of the "yaion's economy” ("pola fconomy") atthe center of rach prices, related to concep of ineresing material welt and soc improvement progress" “The main elements ofa recogaiably modern concept ofthe tte emerged in norduwestern Earope from the lt three the ate SSxeenth centuries A historian of poll ideas has putt thus ‘The decive shift was made from the ides of he ruler “maintaining hit state’—when this simply meat xp holding his own posiion tothe iden that her i 8 Separate legal and constatonal order, which the ruler ‘ar dhe duty to maintain. One efecto hie trueforma- ‘ion was thatthe power fhe Sate not that a he eer, ame tobe envisaged asthe bars of government And this in arm enabled the State to be eoneepalized in Alstinly modern term asthe sale sour af law and lepimate fore within is cor estry. and asthe se appropriate object of es zen allegiances. (Skinner sre) Accompanying thi shift thee developed new voeabulayin which the concept was discussed Gncuing the word Sate/?Eta) ead hy means of which new palit practices were orlented. From being Alominant segment of Society the state became the dominant mode of organizing its Klein terms of the momentous new categories of “public” and “private” ‘Of courte, has never been the case even i Europe that every sidaen” scaly envisaged the state in constitutional terms or a> ways gave the loyalty demanded by its aw. The exercise af power. there te elsewhere, met with various reastancs. But the state's gent thve who speak in is name) sought o bud the eondiions by which ie dienctne powers could be defined and seared—a pro- ‘ces ot tobe confused with he exenrion af stale power (he states ‘hore then the forsal apparatus of Government but o be dened {ns reorganization, Thove who seit that process did ro wih 2 {rowing recognition that the sodal conditions of their own (stnceindhding ther relative advantages were determined ‘within the domain organized a the tte, The Lav sone of these ‘Sondiions, the condion mort responuible for making the strugles ‘tenodern police so different from thoreoccrring im premodern Sater, Tho, if only in the modern wate that we find ropes ‘within and bout various legal categorie that constitute working ‘as pits, the poe of gender, the pois of sexuality, and the pote of procreation, ‘The law was not marginal in premodern stats, Neither was it inevitably conoeptalized ne an expression of the hing’ will Med- fsa theories were not innocent of the idea tht the monarch ae hough supreme, had a duty to maintain Justice by means of the Law? For thie reason the term “consieonal tte” (der Rechts “Haat is perhape ot the best way of describing what orginal the ‘moder sate The point that ina moder tat, laws are enacted ‘ot simply to command obedience and to maintain fuse, but to ‘able er disable population. The Lave nether a transcendent rile of juice nor an overarching framework of soe. I is ‘more than mersyan instrament forthe idee ofthe Law asa means { anendis an ancien one Inthe modern tte, law is a element policel statgie-especilyrrstepes for destroying od options ‘nd creating new ones?” ‘All poptatons throughout the word ae now divided into mod ‘rm states wit early defined borders consated infra wa, Iheving comparable functions, Wherever a state doesnot hav mod ‘em forms and foncons, iti subjected to pressures~intenal and ‘xteral—to soquire them, Tam no. of course making the easly ef le dim that these state areal dene o ha hey ae all ness consitwonl democracies. tis nota mate fr serous dispute that ‘oder snes difer grea in the gee to ich they al the ‘Sera of poled hy th none and that te ies tes have someting to do with mao ln sooesonone dans sSrucare, Bt my concern ot ith the question that preciso ‘many politcal observer of th nen urpean wold of hat rely hat makes certain contemporary ser reprenve and therfore “unsucessful” Twat here snp to empuse some of the distinctive features of modern iter ht al populations how ‘are. These feateer cane mumoned ap by sayng that toders Stes deste end rebul morl end pla options in harass Se way Inthe premodern stats india ate dependents ofthe sm cigs, subordinate to hen, subject nhs powe and proton. The ere pour i ich rn | ower, ut the gabjct of spelcighs opt the sverign ton tae hese Baths treme aes Iecomes a meas fo cresting condo in whih gual esc con 0 cera things a “fe agents Th chenge ips «dees stn me pen ne inorder to transform people int modern cers ho ae lied hy modern norms ef py ond mentally esate a erie specie powers—pomers tat ar clea in operon it ‘Western indus ross, e's for this reson tha tally soci ile in such sats becomes pled ut many wom Meter Stesare today eprenve preci Eeemas thy apr toa Wester ized pla existence belore they have developed ese en sdminsteave pparataser adequate to tat extnces where ise tins equated bythe tate ar able to ring about cad ana

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