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Gmean Gmean
Gd = Gd =
γM γM
Vibration analysis Emean Gmean Emean Gmean
Design assumptions:
• the grain parallel with the member x axis
• there is no hole or other weaking in the members
• the dominant bending plane is the x-z plane of the member (moment about y axis)
• Iy >= Iz
• in case of Glued-laminated timber (Glulam) the laminates are parallel with the y axis
• in case of Laminated veneer lumber (LVL) the laminates are parallel with the z axis
x
z
y y
Timber Design according to EC5
• kmod factor depending on the duration of load and the moisture content
• kh factor depending on the cross-section size and the reference depth size
• kvol factor depending on the apex zone volume and the reference volume
Timber Design according to EC5
• kh modification factor
Material type kh
Solid timber
(if h < 150 mm) 150 0 , 2
k h = min or 1,3
h
• kl modification factor
Material type kl
k mod ⋅ k h ⋅ f t , 0,k
f t ,0, d =
γM
Glued laminated timber k mod ⋅ k h ⋅ f m , k k mod ⋅ f k
(Glulam) f m ,d = fd =
γM γM
2
σt,0,d σm,y,d σm,z,d σc,0,d σ σ
+km + ≤1 +km m,y,d + m,z,d ≤1
ft,0,d fm,y,d fm,z,d f fm,y,d fm,z,d
c,0,d
where,
km = 0,7 for rectangular sections
km = 1,0 for other cross-sections
Timber Design according to EC5
σc,0, d σ m, y,d σ m, z, d
+ + km ≤1
kc, y ⋅ fc,0, d fm, y,d fm, z, d
σc,0, d σ m, y, d σm, z, d
+ km + ≤1
kc, z ⋅ fc,0,d fm, y, d fm, z, d
where,
km = 0,7 for rectangular sections
km = 1,0 for other cross-sections
kc,y = buckling reduction factor
kc,z = buckling reduction factor
Timber Design according to EC5
2
σm,d σc,d σmc,d
+ ≤1
k ⋅ f k ⋅ f ≤1 kcrit ⋅ fm,d
crit m,d c, z c,0,d
where, where,
kc,z is the buckling reduction factor
Md Nd
kcrit is the lateral torsional buckling σmc,d = + <0
reduction factor: Wy A
λrel,m ≤ 0,75 kcrit = 1,0
0,75 < λrel,m ≤ 1,4 kcrit = 1,56-0,75 λ rel,m
λrel,m ≤ 0,75 kcrit = 1/ l2rel,m
Timber Design according to EC5
2
τ tor, d τ
+ v , y ,d ≤1
k shape ⋅ f v , d f v, d
where,
kshape is the cross-section shape factor:
kshape = 1,2 for circular cross-section
kshape = min{1 + 0,15h / b; 2,0} for rectangular cross-sections
Timber Design according to EC5
2
τ tor,d τ
+ v , z ,d ≤1
k shape ⋅ f v,d f v ,d
where,
kshape is the cross-section shape factor:
kshape = 1,2 for circular cross-section
kshape = min{1 + 0,15h / b; 2,0} for rectangular cross-sections
Timber Design according to EC5
σ t ,90,d
≤1
k dis ⋅ kvol ⋅ f t ,90, d
where,
kdis is the stress distribution factor in apex zone factor (k dis =1,4)
kvol is the volume modifiction factor in the apex zone
Timber Design according to EC5