10MVA Dynamic

IEEMA SHORT CIRCUIT FORCE CALCULATION

RATING : 10 MVA, 22 / 11 kV Power Transformer

1.1) CALCULATION FOR FIRST PEAK VALUE OF SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT :

Isc = K 2* Iph in Amp.

ez

Isc = FIRST PEAK VALUE OF SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT

Iph = Rated phase current in amp. = 262.44 for HV winding
524.87 for LV winding
ez = P.U. Impedance = 0.07944
K 2 = Factors depands on X/R ratio = 2.55

Isc = 8424.245 for HV winding

= 16848.17 for LV winding

1.1) CALCULATION OF ASSYMMETRICAL SHORT CIRCUIT AMP-TURN.:

N x Isc
Where N = Number of turns per phase in the circuit= 561 for HV winding

N x Isc = 4726001.3 for HV winding

2.0) HOOP STRESS:

σ mean = K x Iph x Rdc

2

hw x (ez)2

Where σ mean = Hoop stress in kg/cm2

K(cu) = Factors depends on material= (K 2)2 x 0.03 = 0.03
2
(2.55)
Iph = Rated phase current in amp. = 262.44 for HV winding
524.87 for LV winding
hw = Winding height in cm. = 109
Rdc = DC resistance per phase at 75°C ohms
= 0.2614 for HV winding
= 0.0203 for LV winding

σ mean = 785.203 for HV winding

σ mean = 243.9023 for LV winding
2
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE LIMIT IS 1250kg/cm

3.0) NO. OF SUPPORTS TO BE PROVIDED IN WINDING(FLAT CONDUCTOR) :

0.5
Ns = Dmi X (12*σmean/E)
bi
Where
Dmi = Mean diameter of inside winding in cm.= 46.6
bi = Thickness of inside winding cond.in cm= 0.155
2 6
E = Modulus of elasticity of cond. kg/cm = 1.13 x 10 for cu.

Ns = 15.30078 Nos.
Provided = 20

Page 1
 10MVA Dynamic

4.0) CALCULATION OF INTERNAL AXIAL COMPRESSION :

Fc = (-) (34 x Sn) in kg.

ez x hw
Where
Fc = Internal axial compression in kg.
Sn' = Equivalent Rated kVA = 10000
A.F.= 1
Sn = Equivalent kVA = 10000
(-) = indicates the force is acting towards the centre
The percentage sharing of internal axial compression will vary for hv & lv winding
depending upon type of transformer
LV HV
a ) For Double wound transformer= 67 33
b ) For Auto transformer with = 50 50
stabilised winding

type of transformer "A"=auto,"D" Double wound = D

Fc = 39265.69 kg.

Ks x (Fc) = 12957.68 kg for HV winding

Ks x (Fc) = 26308.01 kg for LV winding

5.0) CALCUALAION OF AXIAL IMBALANCE FORCE DUE TO AXIAL ASSYMETRY

2 -7
Fa = (a/2) x (NIsc) x 10 kg.
kg

Fa = Axial imbalance force in kg.

a = Per unit axial displacement expressed as a fraction of winding length

NOTE : Fa = 0, WHEN TWO UNTAPPED WINDING ARE OF SAME AXIAL LENGTH

AND ALSO WHEN THERE IS SEPERATE TAP WINDING.

6.0) CALCULATION OF MAXIMUM COMPRESSIVE STRESS IN THE RADIAL SPACERS :

PLV = ( Fa + Ks x Fc)/ ALV in kg/cm2

PHV = ( Fa + Ks x Fc)/ AHV in kg/cm2
where
Ks = Percentage Sharing of axial compression
PLV = PLV Compressive pressure in LV radial spacer
PHV = PHV Compressive pressure in HV radial spacer
ALV = Total support area of LV radial spacer in cm2 = 364
AHV = Total support area of HV radial spacer in cm2 = 620

2
PHV = 20.89948 kg/cm for HV winding
2
PIV = 72.27475 kg/cm for LV winding
Maximum permissible limit is 500 kg/cm2 for PCB
7.0) AXIAL BENDING STRESS IN CONDUCTOR BETWEEN SPACERS :

2 2
Max. cond. fibre stress = W x L x Y in kg/cm
12 x Io
Where
W = Maximum axial bending force = ( Fa + ks x Fc) = 65.15887 for HV winding
π x Dm 179.7017 for LV winding

Page 2
 10MVA Dynamic

Dm = Mean diameter of winding in cm= 63.3 for HV winding

46.6 for LV winding
L = Span in cm = (π x Dm)/ns - bs
ns = Number of spacer = 20 for HV winding
20 for LV winding
bs = Width of spacer = 5 for HV winding
3.5 for LV winding
L = 4.943141 for HV winding
= 3.819911 for LV winding

Y = Maximum distance from neutral axis for conductor in cm.(i.e.axial width of

conductor (d) across neutral axis devided by 2 = d/2)
3
Io = Moment of Inertia of the coil = mxbxd
12
b = Radial dimension(bare) of one conductor in cm = 0.25 for HV winding
0.155 for LV winding
d = Axial dimension(bare) of one conductor in cm = 1.28 for HV winding
0.79 for LV winding
m = No. of conductor in Radial direction = 24 for HV winding
33 for LV winding

Io = 1.048576 for HV winding

0.210158 for LV winding

Max. cond. fibre stress = 80.9801 for HV winding

410.70392
410 70392 for LV winding

Maximum permissible limit is 1250 kg/cm2 for soft copper

8.0) TILTING OF CONDUCTORS (RESISTANCE TO COLLAPSE) :

The critical load at which rectangular strip conductor may tilt under the action of axial load
against twisting and friction is given by. :
F (crict.) = FT + FF
Where FT = Axial strength against twisting
FF = Axial strength against friction

FT = π * E * m * ac * d x 10 MT
3

6R
Where
2 6
E = Modulus of elasticity of cond. kg/cm = 1.13 x 10 for cu.
ac = Cross-sectional area of one conductor in sq. cm = 0.3152 for HV winding
0.1212 for LV winding
R = Mean Radius of winding in cm= 31.65 for HV winding
23.3 for LV winding
FT = 181.0134 MT for HV winding
80.23517 MT for LV winding

3
FF = ns * bs * m * c * b x 10-3 MT
6d
Where =
c = constant depanding on material of space for PCB = 25000
bs = width of radial spacer= 5 for HV winding
3.5 for LV winding

Page 3
 10MVA Dynamic

FF = 122.0703 for HV winding

45.37 for LV winding

F (crict.) = FT + FF = 303.08373 ton for HV winding Ks x (Fc) = 12.95768

125.60517 ton for LV winding Ks x (Fc) = 26.30801
criteria for safety is F (crict.) > ks x Fc hence it is safe

9.0) CALCULATION OF BENDING STRESS ON CLAMPING RING :

σ max = 6 * π * F * D kg/cm2
8 * br * t2 * n2
Where
F = Total axial force ( Fa - ksHV*Fc)= 12957.68 kg
D = Mean diameter of clamping ring = 59.5 cm
t = Thickness of clamping ring in cm= 5
n= No. of clamping points = 4
br = Width of clamping ring in cm = 18.5

σ max = 245.4842 kg/cm

2

MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE LIMIT IS 1150kg/cm2

Page 4