TOP DRUGS

A
1. ACETAMINOPHEN (Tylenol)
 EFFECTS:
 Analgesic (mild to moderate pain)
 Antipyretic
 NO anti-inflammatory action
NO platelet action
 THERAPEUTIC LEVEL: 10 – 30 mg/dL
 ANTIDOTE: Acetlycysteine (Mucomyst)
 ADVERSE EFFECTS: hepatotoxic

2. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
 STREPTOMYCIN/ GENTAMYCIN
 Obtain Peak and trough level
o Peak level – 30 minutes after taking the drug
o Trough level – 30 minutes before the next dose
 Adverse effects:
 Neurotoxic
 Ototoxic  therapeutic to Meniere’s disease to relieve from vertigo (but this is the last resort because it will lead to
permanent deafness)
 Nephrotoxic  Monitor BUN

3. ANESTHESIA
 Epidural anesthesia  Spinal headache
 Spinal anesthesia  Hypotension

4. ANTICOAGULANTS AND THROMBOLYTICS

WARFARIN SODIUM HEPARIN
(Coumadin) (Hepalean)
Action Blocks prothrombin synthesis Blocks conversionof prothrombin to thrombin
Onset 2 to 5 days 30 seconds to 1 minute
Use  Thrombosis and embolism  Thrombosis and embolism
 Atrial fibrillation with embolization  Prevention of clotting in heparin lock sets, blood samples and
 Adjunct in treatment of coronary during dialysis
occlusion  Treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation
Route Oral SQ, IV
(DO NOT give IM, may lead to hematoma and pain)
Expressed in Milligrams Units
Antidote Vitamin K/ Phytonadione (AquaMEPHYTON) Protamine sulfate
Laboratory Prothrombin time (PT) Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)
Test Normal value:11 to 13 seconds Normal value: 60 to 70 seconds; 2 to 2.5 times the control
Activated Partial thromboplastin time (APTT)
Normal value: 30 to 45 seconds; 1.5 to 2 times the control
Usage Long term therapy Short term therapy
Effect Slow Quick

 Coumadin and Heparin CAN BE GIVEN together

 WHAT ARE THE DRUGS THAT ENHANCE THE EFFECTS OF ANTICOAGULANTS?

4A – Aspirin, Antihistamines, Alcohol, Antibiotics
5G – Ginseng, Garlic, Ginger, Ginko biloba, Guiafenesin

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  ANTICOGULANT – prevents clot formation
 THROMBOLYTICS – dissolves clot
 USE: pulmonary embolism, coronary artery thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, MI
 SIDE EFFECT: bleeding
 Start therapy as soon as possible after thrombus appears as thrombi older than 7 days react poorly to streptokinase
 Heparin is discontinued before streptokinase is started
 IM injections are contraindicated
 ANTIDIOTE: aminocaproic acid (Amicar)
 Examples: streptokinase (Streptase) – PROTOTYPE; alteplase (Activase), urokinase (Abbokinase), reteplase
(Retavase), tenecteplase (TNKase), anistreplase (Eminase)

5. ANTIDEPRESSANTS
 2 weeks interval in shifting from one type of anti-depressant to another
 Antidepressant effect: 2 – 4 weeks
 Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA) – increases norepinephrine and/or serotonin in CNS by blocking the reuptake of
norepinephrine by presynaptic neurons
1. Imipramine (Tofranil)
2. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
 SIDE EFFECTS: hypotension, arrhythmias, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention, dry mouth
 NURSING CONSIDERATIONS:
 Check BP and PR
 Give drug at BEDTIME
 Changing from TCA to MAOI, patient must discontinue TCA for 14 days
 2 to 4 weeks needed before the full therapeutic effect happens
 TCA OVERDOSE (anticholinergic toxicity):
o Coma, convulsion
o Ataxia, agitation
o Stupor, sedation

 Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI)  inhibits CNS neuron uptake of serotonin, but not of norepinephrine
1. Fluoxetine (Prozac)
2. Sertraline (Zoloft)
 SIDE EFFECTS: hypotension, headaches, arrhythmias, insomnia, dry mouth, weight loss, sexual dysfunction
 NURSING CONSIDERATIONS:
o Give drug in the MORNING
o Takes 4 weeks for full effect
o Changing from MAOI to SSRI, patient must discontinue MAOI for 2 weeks
Changing from SSRI to MAOI, patient must discontinue SSRI for 5 weeks
o Monitor for weight
o Provide oral hygiene

 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) – acts as a psychomotor stimulator or psychic energizers; blocks oxidative
deamination of naturally occurring monoamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, serotonin) causing CNS stimulation
1. tranylcypromine (Parnate)
2. isocarboxazid (Marplan)
3. phenelzine (Nardil)

 SIDE EFFECTS: Hypertensive crisis – happens if the drug is taken with tyramine-containing foods
o Sweating Constipation
o Headache, HPN Orthostatic hypotension
o Urinary retention Photophobia, dilated pupils
o Nausea, Neck stiffness Agranulocytosis
o Tachycardia

 AVOID tyramine or tryptophan containing foods:

o Aged meat, avocado
o Banana, beans
o Chocolates, coffee, cheese (cheddar, aged, swiss), chicken and beef liver

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 o Drinks that are fermented (wine, beer)
o Smoked fish, soy sauce, sour cream, sausage
o Pickled foods (herring)
o Overripe foods
o Raisins
o Tea
o Yogurt, yeast

 ALLOW: cottage and cream cheese

 Monitor BP
 Therapeutic effect are achieved within 10 days to 4 weeks

6. ANTI-GOUT
 COLCHICINE (Novocolchine)  anti-inflammatory
o SIDE EFFECTS; diarrhea, abdominal cramps
o NURSING CONSIDERATIONS:
 DO NOT give IM or SQ, this may lead to irritation
 Administer drug after meals
 No more than 12 tablets should be given in a 24 hour period

 ALLOPURINOL (Zyloprim)  prevent production of uric acid by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidose
o USE: prophylactic for attacks of gout; clients with calcium oxalate calculi
o SIDE EFFECTS: hepatotoxic

 PROBENECID (Benemid)/ SULFINPYRAZONE (Anturane) – uricosuric agents: reduces uric acid in the blood by
increasing its renal excretion

7. ANTI-PARKINSONS
 Dopaminergic Drugs (increase dopamine)
1. Amantadine (Symmetrel)
2. Levodopa (L-dopa)
3. Levodopa-Carbidopa (Sinemet)

 Anticholinergic Drugs (decrease Acetylcholine)

1. Akineton
2. Cogentin
3. Artane
4. Benadryl

8. ANTI-PSYCHOTIC (MAJOR TRANQUILIZERS)

 USE: Schizophrenia
1. Haloperidol (Haldol)
2. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
 SIDE EFFECTS:
 HYPOtension
 leukopenia (sore throat)
 NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME (HYPERthermia/ diaphoresis, HYPERtension)
 pink-red urine (normal: thorazine)

9. ASPIRIN/ SALICYLATES/ ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID

 EFFECTS:
 Antiplatelets  reduce risk of myocardial infarction and transient ischemic attack
 Anti-inflammatory  rheumatic fever, Kawasaki disease, rheumatoid arthritis
 Antipyretic  fever
 Analgesic  mild to moderate pain

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  Aspirin toxicity
 Tinnitus – early sign of salicylism
 Metabolic acidosis – late sign of salicylism
 Epistaxis, nephrotoxic
 ANTIDOTE: activated charcoal (can also give Ipecac syrup to induce vomiting of aspirin)
 Give the drug with full stomach after meals
 Aspirin is ulcerogenic
 Monitor CBC, Prothrombin time, renal and liver functions
 DO NOT give with any anticoagulant (Coumadin, Heparin). It may cause additive effect, high risk for bleeding
 AVOID Aspirin in patients with viral infection to prevent Reye’s Syndrome
 AVOID Aspirin with OHA  causes hypoglycemia

10. ATROPINE SULFATE (Atropair, AtroPen)

 block neurotransmitter acetylcholine and inhibits parasympathetic actions
 USE: pre-op medication to reduce secretions and bradycardia; produces mydriasis
 CONTRAINDICATED in acute glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy

B
11. BETABLOCKERS
 Example: propanolol (Inderal), timolol (Blocadren), pinolol (Visken), nadolol (Corgard), metoprolol (Lopressor), timolol
maleate (Timoptic)
 MODE OF ACTION: inhibit sympathetic stimulation of beta receptors in the –
 HEART – decreasing myocardial oxygen consumption and demand by:
 decreases heart rate and ***
 decreases force of myocardial contraction
 EYES – decreases intraocular pressure (IOP) by
 decreasing aqueous humor formation and increases aqueous humor outflow
 Change of position gradually
 Take pulse before taking drug***

12. BRONCHODILATOR
 USE: bronchospasms, asthma
 EXAMPLES:
 BETA-ADRENERGIC: abuterol (Proventil, Ventolin), metaproterenol (Alupent)
 XANTHINES: theophylline (Theo-Dur) – PROTOTYPE, aminophylline (Truphylline)
 THERAPEUTIC LEVEL OF THEOPHYLLINE: 10 – 20 mcg/ml (mg/dl)
 SIGN OF THEOPHYLLINE TOXICITY:
 Tachycardia
 nausea and vomiting
 FOODS TO BE AVOID
 ICE TEA – caffeine and caffeine containing foods because Theophylline is a xanthine derivative which has same effect
with caffeine

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13. DIAZEPAM (Valium)
 USE: Drug of choice for status epilepticus
 EFFECTS:
 Anxiolytic
 Anti-convulsant
 Muscle relaxant
 DO NOT MIX with other drugs
 DO NOT withdraw abruptly
 AVOID alcohol, smoking, activities that requires alertness
 May cause physical dependence
 Oral form should be given BEFORE MEALS
 Examples: alprazolam (Xanax), clorazepate (Tranxene), flurazepam (Dalmane), midazolam (Versed), triazolam (Halcion),
chlordiazepoxide (Librium), clonazepam (Klonopin), lorazepam (Ativan)

14. DIGOXIN (Lanoxin)

 Effects:
o (+) inotropic – increases FORCE OF CONTRATION  increase cardiac output
o (-) chronotropic – decreases HEART RATE  decrease oxygen demand of the heart muscles

 Digoxin toxicity – nausea, yellow color vision, arrhythmia, sign of hypokalemia (weakness, muscle cramps)
 Antidote: Digibind

15. DIURETICS
CLASSIFICATIONS SITE OF EXAMPLES INDICATIONS SPECIAL NURSING
ACTION INTERVENTIONS
Carbonic Anhydrase Proximal Acetazolamide (Diamox) Meniere’s disease,
Inhibitors tubule OPEN glaucoma
Loop Diuretics Loop of Furosemide (Lasix) Potent diuretic
Henle Bumetanide (Bumex)
Osmotic Diuretics Glomerulus Mannitol Increased ICP Warm solution to avoid
Osmitrol crystallization
Glycerin
Urea
Potassium Sparing Distal Spironolactone (Aldactone) Mild diuretic, CHF, HPN Avoid potassium-rich foods
tubule Amiloride (Modiuretic, Midamor) (banana, potatoes, spinach,
Triamterene (Dyrenium) broccoli, nuts, prunes,
tomatoes. Oranges, peaches)
Thiazide and Thiazide- Proximal Hydrochlorothiazide HPN (Not effective for
like tubule Chlorothiazide (Diuril) immediate dieresis)
Metolazone

 K-sparing: Spironolactone, Amiloride, Triamterene

 K-wasting: CAI, Loop, Osmotic Thiazides

NURSING INTERVENTION
1. Monitor blood pressure (first/ before) and weight (second/ after)
2. Administer in the MORNING
3. Administer with FOOD

EVALUATION: for effectiveness of therapy

 Weight loss
 Increased urine output
 Resolution of edema
 Decreased congestion
 Normal BP

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 H
16. HERBAL DRUGS that causs BLEEDING
 GINKO BILOBA
 GINGER
 GARLIC
 GINSENG

I
17. IMCI DRUGS: IRON
 1 dose daily x 14 days
AGE or WEIGHT TABLET SYRUP DROPS
Ferrous sulphate 200mg + 250 mcg Folate Ferrous sulphate 150 mg per 5 ml Ferrous sulphate 25
(60 mg elemental iron) (6 mg elemental iron per ml) (25 mg elemental iron per ml)
2 to 4 months THY 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) 0.6 ml
(4 to <6 kg)
4 to 12 months 4 ml (3/4 tsp) 1 ml
(6 to <10 kg)
1 to 3 years ½ tablet 5 ml (1 tsp) 1.5 ml
(10 to <14 kg)
3 to 5 years 1 tab 7.5 ml (1.5tsp) 2 ml
(14 to <19 kg)

18. IMCI DRUG: VITAMIN A

VITAMIN A CAPSULES
AGE
100,000 IU 200,000 IU
6 months to 12 months 1 ½ capsule
12 months to 5 years 2 capsules 1 capsules

19. IMCI DRUG: MEBENDAZOLE/ ALBENDAZOLE

AGE or WEIGHT Albendazole 400 mg tablet Mebendazole 500 mg tablet
12 months to 24 months ½ or 200 mg tablet 1
24 months to 59 months 1 1

20. INSULIN
 MODE OF ACTION: decreases blood sugar by –
 Increasing glucose transport across cell membranes
 Enhancing conversion of glucose to glycogen

TYPE DESCRIPTION ONSET PEAK DURATION

RAPID-ACTING: Color: Clear 30 min – 1 2 – 4 hrs 6 – 8 hrs
Regular, Humulin R Route: IV, SQ hr
INTERMEDIATE-ACTING: Color: Cloudy 1 – 2 hrs 6 – 8 hrs 18 – 24 hrs
NPH/ Neutral Protamine Hagedorn Route: SQ
(Insulin Isophane Suspension),
Humulin N
LONG-ACTING: Color: Cloudy 3 – 4 hrs 16 – 20 30 to 36 hrs
Ultralente (extended insulin zinc suspension) Route: SQ hrs
Humulin U

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  PEAK TIME – time of hypoglycemic episodes
 1ml of tuberculin = 100 units of insulin
 U100 insulin syringe is – 100 units
 Administer insulin in room temperature
 ROUTE: SQ
 Administer insulin at either 45 degree (for skinny patient) or 90 degrees (for fat patients)
 Area:
 Abdomen – fastest absorption
 Deltoid
 thigh
 buttocks
 AVOID:
 massage and apply compression (increase absorption)
 aspirate after injection
 shake. Gently roll vial in between palms
 Cold insulin  lipodystrophy
 STORAGE:
 In room temperature – last for 1 month
 Refrigerated once opened – last for 3 months
 ADJUSMENT OF DOSE:
 increase insulin requirement  Infection, Stress, Illness
 decrease insulin requirement  Breast feeding (Antidiabetic effect)
 Mixing of insulin: (Aspirate 1st – clear, Inject air 1st – cloudy)
(1) Inject air to NPH
(2) Inject air to Regular
(3) Aspirate Regular
(4) Aspirate NPH

 Most common used: U100 (1)

U40 (2)

21. IRON SUPPLEMENTS

 SIDE EFFECTS: dark stools (tarry stool), constipation, abdominal cramps
 Tablet: give with citrus juice (orange, tomato)
Liquid: give with citrus juice (orange, tomato) and straw
IM: Z-track method; DO NOT massage
 BEST given with empty stomach
 Citrus juice is AVOIDED with iron elixir preparation

L
22. LACTULOSE (DUPHALAC, CEPHULAC)
 Laxative
 SIDE EFFECT: ammonia binder (therapeutic to patient with hepatic encephalopathy)

23. LITHIUM
 Anti-mania
 Therapeutic Level: 0.5 – 1.5 mEq/L
 Lithium toxicity (n/c, anorexia, abdominal cramps, diarrhea)
 PREPARATIONS:
o Tablets: 300, and 450mg.

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 o Capsules: 150, 300, and 600 mg.
o Syrup: 300 mg/5 ml
 Maintain:
o increase fluid (3L/day)
o Increase Na (3 gm/day)

M
24. MAGNESIUM SULFATE
 tocolytic agent
 USE: premature labor, anticonvulsants in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH)
 Check:
o deep tendon reflex (DTR) – FIRST reflex lost with CNS toxicity
o Check RR (at least >12 breaths/ min
o Check urine output (at least 30 mL/ hr)
 ANTIDOTE: calcium gluconate

25. METRONIDAZOLE (FLAGYL)

 Anti-amoeba
 AVOID alcohol (Metronidazole + Alcohol = Disulfiram-like effect)

26. MORPHINE SULFATE (Duramorph)

 EFFECT: induce sedation, analgesia and euphoria
 INDICATION: moderate to severe pain, pain relief in myocardial infarction
 DECREASES preload and afterload
 DECREASES workload
 SIDE EFFECTS of Morphine SO4
 Miosis
 Orthostatic hypotension
 Respiratory depression
 Produces tolerance and dependence
 Hyperglycemia
 Increase urinary retention/ constipation,
 Nausea and vomiting
 Euphoria
 Sedation/ dizziness
 Assess client’s pain before giving medication
 Check before and after the respiration
 May lead to tolerance
 FIRST SIGN of tolerance is decrease duration of effect of the analgesic
 AVOID activities that require alertness, alcoholic beverages, smoking, CNS depressants, sedatives, muscle relaxants
 Change position gradually

N
27. NITRATES AND NITROGLYCERINE (Nitro-bid, Nitrodur, Nitrostat IV)
 MODE OF ACTION: vasodilator
 USE: angina pectoris and hypertension
 SIDE EFFECTS OF NITRATES: headache, flushing, orthostatic hypotension, dizziness
 Other Related drugs: isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil), isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur)
 SUBLINGUAL form: 0.15 – 0.6 mg

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  No more than 3 tablets should be taken in a 15 minute period (one tablet every 5 minutes); if pain not relieved after
15 minutes and 3 tablets, notify physician immediately
 SIGN OF POTENCY: burning sensation under tongue
 Drink water first BEFORE taking drug
 OINTMENT
 applied to a hairless or clipped/ shaved area
 new site should be used with each new dose
 use ruled applicator paper that comes with ointment to measure dose
 wear gloves during application
 leave applicator on site and cover it with plastic wrap and secure it with tape
 TRANSDERMAL PATCH
 Apply a patch once a day only
 Rotate site
 Place patch in non-hairy area
 Determine a base region and remove the old patch
 Wear gloves during application
 IV form: 5 mcg/ min
 dilute IV nitroglycerine in 5% dextrose or 0.9% sodium chloride and titrate every 3 to 5 minutes
 STORAGE:
 store in original dark glass container in a cool, dry place.
 date bottle when opening
 discard after 6 months
 NURSING CONSIDERATIONS:
 Change position gradually to prevent dizziness
 HEADACHE is a sign that the drug is taking effect. It will discontinue with long term use.
 AVOID alcohol, hot baths
 Carry drug at all times
 DO NOT administer nitrates with sildenafil (Viagra), both drugs are vosadilator which may lead to HYPOTENSON

28. NONI JUICE

 Morinda citrifolia
 High in fibers

O
29. OCTREOTIDE (SANDOSTATIN)
 Inhibits GROWTH HORMONE, GLUCAGON, INSULIN
 2 formulations
 Sandostatin®is a short acting version
 Sandostatin LAR®is a long acting version.
 Sandostatin® is given by subcutaneous injection  It may be necessary to take the shot several times a day. The
injection sites should be rotated regularly. This medication may also be given intravenously.
 Sandostatin LAR® is given by intramuscular injection. This medication is generally given once every 4 weeks. The
preferred site for injection is the hip, because it is painful given into the arm.
 Sandostatin LAR® should NOT be given by S.C. or IV routes.
 COMMON SIDE EFFECT: constipation

30. OXYTOCIN (Pitocin)

 stimulate uterine contraction
 USE: postpartum bleeding, labor induction
 ADVERSE EFFECTS: uterine hyperstimulation, arrhythmias, tachycardia, hypertension
 Given IM or IV; IV via piggyback and delivered with an infusion pump
 Observe fetal hypoxia or distress

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31. PANCREATIC ENZYMES
 USE: aid in digestion; cystic fibrosis
 Give WITH MEALS***
 Expected outcome of the drug is absence of steatorrhea
 EXAMPLES: pancreatin (Dizymes), pancrelipase (Cotazym)

32. PHENYTOIN (Dilantin)

 USE: seizure
 SIDE EFFECT: gingival hyperplasia, may turn urine pink, red, or red-brown
 ADVERSE EFFECTS: hepatotoxic, Steven-Johnson’s syndrome
 DO NOT administer IM
 Give drug with NSS BEFORE AND AFTER (flushing) drug administration
 Provide oral hygiene, Use soft, bristled toothbrush
 Takes 7 to 10 days to achieve therapeutic serum level
 Therapeutic level: 10 – 20 mg/ dl

S
33. STEROIDS
 EFFECTS:
 Anti-inflammatory
 Hormonal replacement
 USE: USE: bronchial asthma, Addison’s disease, allergies
 Examples: hydrocortisone (Cortisol), prednisone (Strap red), dexamethasone (Decadron), methylprednisone (Solu-
medrol), betamethasone (Celestone)
 SIDE EFFECTS:
 Cushing’s syndrome
 Immunosuppression  therapeutic to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES 9 like nephrotic syndrome, SLE, multiple sclerosis,
Rheumatoid arthritis, for organ transplant, hyperthyroidism, allergies)
 causes GI irritation and ulceration
 Long term: Adrenal insufficiency***, osteoporosis
 Short term: Immunosuppresant, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, edema
 Give with food
 Watch out for infection
 Taper the dose (abrupt withdrawal may lead to acute adrenal crisis)
 Parenteral form: Give IM avoid SQ
Oral form: Give it WITH food or milk, may cause gastric irritation
Topical creams: DO NOT apply in broken skin and near eyes
 Administer in the morning (before 9 am); Take medication with breakfast (corresponds to biorhythms and reduces gastric
irritation)
 Wear medic alert bracelet
 Isolation precaution
 AVOID sunlight, people with infections or crowded place
AVOID immobility to prevent osteoporosis
AVOID crowd
 DIET: Restrict sodium, alcohol and caffeine; high potassium foods
 Carry extra medication during travel.
 Adjust medications during periods of acute or chronic stress such as pregnancy or infections; contact health care
provider.

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34. SYMPATHETIC AND PARSYMPATHETIC

SYMPATHETIC PARASYMPATHETIC
SNS (Adrenergic) PNS (Cholinergic)
Dumping Syndrome, MG Glaucoma, GERD
Atropine Prostigmine
Cholinesterase Anticholinesterase
“fight or flight” response “Sleep and digest” response
(BIOAMINE THEORY) Acetylcholine – slowly release but long acting
Epinephrine (Adrenaline) – faster release but short acting
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
Serotonin
(Increase) HR, RR, BP (Decrease) HR, RR, BP
(Decrease) peristalsis, UO, secretions (Increase) peristalsis, UO, secretions
Pupil dilation (mydriasis) Pupil constriction (miosis)
Bronchodilation Bronchoconstriction
Hyperglycemia
Diarrhea
Urinary frequency
Miosis (constriction)
Bradycardia
Bronchoconstriction
Erection/ emesis
L
Salivation

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35. THYROID AND ANTI-THYROID DRUGS
 THYROID AGONISTS – used to increase blood thyroid hormones
 LEVOTHYROXINE (Synthroid)
 USE: hypothyroidism (myxedema), cretinism (congenital hypothyroidism)
 SIDE EFFECTS: insomnia, tachycardia, diarrhea
 Taper the dose
 Monitor vital signs (temperature, BP, PR)
 Give the drug in the morning (due to insomnia side effect)
 CONTRAINDICATIONS:
 Cabbage, Cauliflower
 Peaches, Peas, Pears
 Raddish, turnips
 Spinach

 THYROID ANTAGONISTS – used to decrease blood thyroid hormones

A. ANTITHYROID DRUGS – inhibit synthesis of thyroid hormones
Examples: propylthiouracil (PTU, Propacil, Propyl-Thyracil), methimazole (Tapazole)
B. IODIDES – inhibit secretion/ release of thyroid hormone; decrease vascularity of the thyroid gland (for
thyroidectomy preparation)
Examples: Potassium Iodide Saturated Solution (Lugol’s solution)
 Give at least 10 day before surgery

 SIDE EFFECTS:
o agranulocytosis (sore throat)
o paresthesias
o bleeding (inhibits vitamin K)
 Taper the dose

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 Monitor vital signs (temperature, BP, PR)
 AVOID iodine, iodine containing foods and sea foods
 ORAL form: dilute with water or juice (to improve taste) and use straw (to prevent discoloration)

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