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HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE OUTLINE

AISYAH FATHIAH BEL492-PRESENTATION


SKILL
BINTI
OTHMAN(20104382
58)
CSB3KA

HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

Acer
[Pick the date]
HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

1. Introduction

a. Did you ever experience headache, dizziness, shortness of breath,


or maybe some blurred vision.

b. For those who had experienced this symptoms, you may had a high
blood pressure.

c. There are things you need to know about high blood pressure are,
what they are, and their symptoms, what causes them, and how
sufferers deal with them on a daily basis.

2. Body

a. A high blood pressure affect more then just your vision

i. The presence of symptoms can be a good thing in that they


can prompt people to consult a doctor for treatment and
make them more compliant in taking their medications.
Often, however, a person's first contact with a physician may
be after significant damage to the end-organs has occurred.
In many cases, a person visits or is brought to the doctor or
an emergency room with a heart attack, stroke, kidney
failure, or impaired vision (due to damage to the back part of
the retina).

ii. There are 2 types of high blood pressure

A. The first type is called Essential (primary) hypertension

a. The main form of high blood pressure – accounts


for around 90–95% of cases
b. Has no single identifiable cause
c. Potential causes include genetic and
environmental factors
B. The second type of high blood pressure is secondary
hypertension
a. Rare forms of high blood pressure
b. Caused by another medical condition or
treatment
c. Causes include kidney problems (renovascular
hypertension), adrenal gland tumors, thyroid
disease, and narrowing of the aorta (the main
artery that takes blood from the heart to the
rest of the body)
b. How is the high blood pressure measured
i. The blood pressure usually is measured with a small, portable
instrument called a blood pressure cuff
(sphygmomanometer). (Sphygmo is Greek for pulse, and a
manometer measures pressure.) The blood pressure cuff
consists of an air pump, a pressure gauge, and a rubber cuff.
The instrument measures the blood pressure in units called
millimeters of mercury (mm Hg)
ii. The cuff is placed around the upper arm and inflated with an
air pump to a pressure that blocks the flow of blood in the
main artery (brachial artery) that travels through the arm.
The arm is then extended at the side of the body at the level
of the heart, and the pressure of the cuff on the arm and
artery is gradually released. As the pressure in the cuff
decreases, a health practitioner listens with a stethoscope
over the artery at the front of the elbow. The pressure at
which the practitioner first hears a pulsation from the artery
is the systolic pressure (the top number). As the cuff pressure
decreases further, the pressure at which the pulsation finally
stops is the diastolic pressure (the bottom number).
c. How high blood pressure is treated
i. The treatment goal is blood pressure below 140/90 and
lower for people with other conditions, such as diabetes and
kidney disease. Adopting healthy lifestyle habits is an
effective first step in both preventing and controlling high
blood pressure. If lifestyle changes alone are not effective in
keeping your pressure controlled, it may be necessary to add
blood pressure medications.
ii. We should also follow a healthy eating pattern. Research has
shown that following a healthy eating plan can both reduce
the risk of developing high blood pressure and lower an
already elevated blood pressure.
iii. We should also reducing salt and sodium in our diet. For
someone with high blood pressure, the doctor may advise
eating less salt and sodium, as recent research has shown
that people consuming diets of 1,500 mg of sodium had even
better blood pressure lowering benefits. These lower-sodium
diets also can keep blood pressure from rising and help blood
pressure medicines work well.
iv. Maintaining a healthy weight is also a treatment for high
blood pressure. For someone with high blood pressure, the
doctor may advise eating less salt and sodium, as recent
research has shown that people consuming diets of 1,500 mg
of sodium had even better blood pressure lowering benefits.
These lower-sodium diets also can keep blood pressure from
rising and help blood pressure medicines work better.
3. Conclution
a. High blood pressure occur in most people. It is also called
hypertension.
b. It was previously thought that rises in diastolic blood pressure were
a more important risk factor than systolic elevations, but it is now
known that in people 50 years or older systolic hypertension
represents a greater risk.

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