A campus is traditionally the land on which a college or university and related institutional

buildings are situated. Usually a college campus includes libraries, lecture halls, residence halls,
student centers or dining halls, and park-like settings.
A modern campus is a collection of buildings and grounds that belong to a given institution, either
academic or non-academic.

AICTE NORMS FOR INFRASTRUCTURE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

INSTITUTES

General
These are the norms for space and buildings a technical institution offering degree or
equivalent programme has to perform. Unit norms have been evolved taking the
absolute minimum needs, which are indicated as norms.

Around the administrative building, classrooms and drawing halls there is considerable
movement of students and, therefore, there must be adequate veranda space in this
part of the college building so that the classes do not get disturbed. For this reason, the
ratio of plinth to carpet area for the normal building may be taken as 1.4, while that for
Workshop type of space this ratio will be 1.25.

12.2 Classification of Building Area

The building area required for an engineering institution can be classified as instructional
area, administrative area, amenities area and residential area. Instructional area will
include classrooms, tutorial rooms, drawing halls, laboratories, workshops, computer
center, library, instructional resource center, seminar hall etc.

Administrative area comprises Principle's room, visitors lounge, staff rooms, college office,
departmental offices, stores, conference room, confidential room, etc.

Area for amenities consists of common rooms, recreation center, hobby center, offices for
Gymkhana, N.C.C., N.S.S. and Alumni Association, Co-operative Stores, Dispensary, etc.

Residential area includes student and staff hostels, staff quarters and guesthouse.

12.3 Building Space for Instructional Area

The course structure of any technical institution degree program will include lectures,
tutorials, drawing and design work, laboratory work and seminars/colloquium. The
college must have adequate building areas for all these instructional activities.

According to the model curriculum, during different semesters, the total number of hours
per week for which the student is to have contact with the teacher will vary between 27
to 34. In view of this, for the instructional schedule, if spread over a period of 34 hours a
week, the college can work for six hours from Monday to Friday and for four hours on
Saturdays. (* In technical institution the period is envisaged to be of one hour's duration.)

The student strength in a theory class should not exceed 60. The class be divided into
smaller group of 20 in case of junior (I, II, III & IV semester) classes and 15 students for
the senior (V, VI, VII & VIII semester) and a teacher is assigned to each group. In case of
tutorial work, these smaller groups must be accommodated in separate rooms.

For drawing and design assignments, the class can have a maximum size of 60 students
but one teacher must be assigned to each group of 15 to 20 students for the junior/senior
classes as in the case of tutorial and practical classes.
The seminars/colloquium of the senior students must be conducted with the entire class
of a particular discipline.

The model curriculum lays considerable stress on undergraduate project work. It

provides 2-3 hours in the seventh semester for project work and 12-16 hours in the
eighth semester. Though the students are to work on the assigned project work
consulting the teacher-supervisor whenever required.

In the case of workshop practice classes for junior students, which emphasise the skills
component of the training, the classes will have to be divided into smaller groups and
work assigned in different shops. Considering the specific nature of training, the
workshop practice classes of Junior students can have a maximum batch strength of 20
students. However, senior class ( i.e. V, VI, VII & VIII semester) must have a batch
strength of 15 students as in the case of any other laboratory.

12.3.1 Number of Rooms for Theory Classes

The number of rooms required for the theory class can be determined by applying the
following relationship.
NL = A(TL/SL)
where
NL = Number of rooms required for the lecture classes
TL = Total number of students in the College belonging to all classes of all disciplines
attending theory classes of the given strength SL. This number depends on the
admissions to different disciplines

Class strength i.e. the number of students in the class.

A = A factor obtained on the basis of

i. lecture hours per week per class, say 15

ii. Average teaching hours per week say 30
iii. utilisation factor of lecture rooms, say 0.66

A = (15)/(30*0.66)=0.75

12.3.2 Number of Rooms for Tutorial work

The number of rooms required for the tutorial work can be determined by applying the
following relationship.

NT = B(TL/ST)
Where
NT = Number of rooms required for conducting tutorial classes.
ST = Class strength for tutorial. Tutorial must have a strength of 20 in case of 1st and
2nd year classes, whereas in the case of senior classes it should be limited to 15. Hence
an average value of 17.5 can be assumed.

TL = Total Number of students in the College belonging to all classes of all discipline who
attend tutorial classes in groups of 15 to 20.
B = A factor obtained on the basis of

i.Average number of tutorial hours per week per class, say 7.0
ii. Teaching hours per week, say 30.
iii. Utilisation factor say 0.66.
B = (7.0)/(30*0.66)=1/3.0
12.3.3 Number of Drawing Halls

One drawing hall of 175 sqm. is needed up to the intake of 240 students in first year. If
the intake exceeds 240 students per year, then two such halls be provided. It has been
worked on the basis of teaching load common for all branches. Teaching load for Drawing
of other than first year students is to be adjusted in tutorial rooms. The Computer graphic
laboratories is to be provided separately in computer Centre for Engineering & Technology
students.

12.3.4 Rooms Size for Theory Classes, Tutorial Work and Drawing Halls

The carpet area requirement of the class rooms and tutorial rooms depends upon the
number and type of seating arrangement for the students and provisions for a platform, a
table and a chair for the teacher. In an Engineering & Technology class, very frequently
students make use of a data book, a calculator and note book. As such he will require
slightly more spacious desk as compared to the requirements of classes for students of
general education. Further, as the space required for the teacher will remain the same
irrespective of the class strength, the per student requirement of carpet area will increase
with the decrease in class strength.

The drawing hall will have to be provided with drawing tables and stools for the students.
The drawing tables must be arranged with passages so that the teacher can approach the
drawing table of each student. The drawing halls will also be provided with a platform for
the teacher.

Considering the above requirements and the sizes of class room furniture and drawing
tables normally used in the institution, the following carpet area norms per student are
prescribed for class rooms of different sizes and drawing halls.

Type of Rooms Carpet Area Requirement in Sqm / student

Classification of size Minimum Desirable
Class rooms for 15-20 students 1.3 1.5
Class rooms for 30-40 students 1.2 1.4
Class rooms for 60 students 1.1 1.3
Drawing / examination halls for 60 students 2.5 2.5

12.3.5 Laboratories

The requirements of the laboratories depend upon the programmes that are being offered
by the institution and the curricula adopted for these programmes irrespective of the
students population. The norms for the carpet area of the different laboratories are given
in the Table below. Care should be taken to provide laboratories in all allied subjects to be
taught in a program. For example, if a college is running a degree program in computer
engineering only, then laboratories from group E and H both will have to be provided.

S.No. Laboratory Batch Size Norms for Carpet Area (sq.m.)

A. Core Courses

1. Physics 20 200
2. Chemistry 20 175
3. Mechanics and Kinematics 20 100
4. Materials Testing Strength of Material 20 200
*5. Electrical Science i. Electronics ii. Elect. Engg. 20 200
6. Computer Centre 200 300

B. Civil Engineering Courses

1. Structural Engg. 15 250

2. Fluid Mechanics 15 300
3. Engineering Geology 15 100
4. Geo-technical Engg. 15 200
5. Transportation Engg. 15 100
6. Environmental Engg. 15 100
7. Surveying Stores 100

C. Electrical Engineering Courses

1. Electrical Machines (Electro mechanics) 20 350

2. Power system Protection 20 150
3. Measurement & Inst. 20 150
4. Drives & Power Electronics 20 150
5. Control Systems 20 100
6. Microprocessor 20 100
7. Applied Electronics/Project 20 100

D. Mechanical Engineering Courses

1. Thermal Science
i. Stream
ii. I.C.
iii. Refrig.
iv. Heat Transfer 20 500

2. Fluid Machines 20 200

3. Measurements 20 100
4. Dynamics of Machines 20 100
5. Metrology 20 100
6. Machine Tools 20 100

E. Electronics and Communications Engg. Courses

1. Electronic Circuit 15 75
2. Switching and Digital Circuit 15 75
3. Control System 15 75
4. Microwave Devices 15 75
5. Communication System 15 75

F. Chemical Engineering Courses

1. Unit operations I Fluid/Particle Mechanics 15 100

2. Unit Operations IIHeat & Mass Transfer 15 100
3. Energy Engineering 15 50
4. Reaction Engineering and Process Dynamics and control 15 100
G. Metallurgical Engineering Courses

1. Metallography 15 50
2. Mineral Dressing 15 50
3. Extractive Metallurgy 15 50
4. Metal Forming 15 75
5. Heat Treatment 15 100
6. Corrosion 15 50

H. Computer Engineering Courses

1. Computer Software 15 50
2. Computer Hardware & Microprocessor 15 75
3. Computer Graphics 15 50
4. Computer Design 15 50

I. Production/Manufacturing Engineering

1. CAD/CAM system 15 75
2. Robotics and Automation 15 50
3. Non-Traditional Machine 15 50
4. Production Management 15 50

* This lab is not necessary if the Electrical Engineering Degree program is also running.

The above areas do not include the rooms of the teaching staff even though such staff
rooms are attached to the laboratories. However, they do include the sitting space for
the technical supporting staff and storage of laboratory consumables and instruments.

12.3.6 Workshops

The workshop of an engineering college, must have the following shops :

Carpentry including Pattern Shop
Fitting Shop
Smithy Shop
Welding Shop
Painting and Sheet metal shop
Foundry shop
Machine shop
Stores

Accordingly to the model syllabi, two courses on workshop practice are to be offered to
all branches in engineering during the 1st and 2nd semesters. During the first semester
each student has to complete about 10 to 12 exercise in Carpentry, Fitting and Smithy
shops and the total batch periods of engagement will be 45. In the 2nd semester
students all branches have to complete 10 to 12 exercises in welding, painting, sheet-
metal. Foundry and Machine shops and for this course also the batch period of
engagement will be 45. In addition, students of Mechanical Engineering program are
required to undertake in 5th and 6th semesters courses on Production Processes I and II
which are practical components to be carried out in the workshops. For each of these
courses the batch period engagement of the workshop will be 12.

To accommodate the equipment and infrastructural facilities, to organize the above

mentioned course work to provide facilities for student projects and maintenance of
equipment, the workshop of the engineering colleges must have a minimum carpet area
of 900 Sqm. Since an industrial shed is more suitable for a workshop, the plinth area will
be 1.25 times the carpet area. Thus, the norms for the plinth area of the workshop will
be 1125. sq.m.

12.3.7 Teaching Aids

Every class room should be provided by an Over Head Projector (OHP). In addition, VCR,
TV and Video Cassettes of various educational programmes should also be available.

12.3.8 Other Space in the Department

In addition to the teaching space, the norms for building requirement in a teaching
department for other purposes are as below:
Carpet Area(Sq.m.)
Head of Department 20
Departmental Office 25
Faculty norms 10 per teacher
Library (Departmental) 30
Seminar Room 30
Store 10
Drawing/Reprographic facilities 20

12.3.9 Central Library

The central library for an admission of 240 students per year will have a carpet area of
400 Sqm.

At the time of establishing a technical institution with three branches, there should be a
minimum of 4000 volumes in the Library distributed as below:

i. Each branch will have 250 titles with four multiple copies.
ii. In subjects like Mathematics, Humanities, Physics, Chemistry, etc. there should be
total of 1000 volumes.

There should be a minimum of 12 technical journals - 6 Indian and 6 International for each
branch of engineering. While this is essential for institutions offering P.G. programme, the
number of International Journals may be relaxed, though preferred for those offering only
U.G. Programmes.

Accordingly, the norms for the initial stock of books, yearly addition of books and the
number of journals to be subscribed are as given below:

1. Initial Stock of Books for three branches in Institution - 4000

2.
a. Each Branch of Engg. (A) - 1000
b. Mathematics, Applied Physics Applied Chemistry, Humanities, Social Science and
Management Science (B) - 1000

3. Yearly addition of Books (Average)

a. For (A) 1 title per student admitted to the branch
b. For (B) 0.2 title per student admitted per year
4. Number of Tech. Journals
a. For (A) 12 (6 National + 6 International)
b. For (B) 12 (6 National + 6 International)

12.4 Building Space for Administrative Offices

The Space to be provided for administrative office in technical institution/college will be as

per norms given below :
Carpet area (Sq.m)
Principal's office 30
Store Room 20
Conference Room 100
Reception Office 25
Main Office 300 (for intake of 240 per year)
Administrative office 20
Maintenance & Estate Office 40

12.5 Building Space for Amenities

Some of the developed institutions in the country provide several amenities for students
and staff. However, the minimum unavoidable requirements for such amenities for normal
functioning of the Institute are given below alongwith the norms for the Building space.

12.5.1 Student's Activity Centre

This will consist of provisions for the indoor games, gymnasium, dramatics and alumni
center etc. The norms for building are 0.25 sq.m per student

12.5.2 Open Air Theatre

The college building and the hostels will be provided with adequate number of toilet blocks
with urinals, lavatories and washbasins. It will also be necessary to provide separately one
toilet block for women in the college building.

12.5.3 Toilet Blocks

The college building and the hostels will be provided with adequate number of toilet blocks
with urinals, lavatories and washbasins. It will also be necessary to provide separately one
toilet block for women in the college building.
Education Building Hostel
10 Sq.m for each 100 student population 75 sq.m. for each unit of 120 student

12.5.4 Cycle and Scooter Stand

This will be provided as open or covered area at the rate of 15 percent of the plinth area
of the college building.

12.5.5 Play Fields

The institution must be provided with play fields so that the students can have adequate
participation in games and sports for healthy and constructive activities within the campus.
The facilities anticipated are athletics-track, cricket field, a football field a hockey field, a
volleyball court, a basket ball court, four badminton courts and a tennis court. The norms
for the above space will be a total of 25,000 sq.m.
12.5.6 Other Amenities

The norms of space (Carpet area in Sq.m.) or other miscellaneous amenities are as
given below :

Canteen 100
Cooperative Stores 100
NCC Office cum Stores 100

12.6 Building Space for Residential Area

The hostel requirements depend on the variety of factors like the location of the institution,
the region from which students are admitted, local availability of accommodation and that
of transport. Though, the requirement for residences for teachers and other employees of
the institution also depend upon these factors but at the same time it is necessary to
provide an attraction to the new teachers from far of places by providing suitable
accommodation at the campus.

12.6.1 Hostels

Location of College Hostel Strength Within 20 km. of a large city 25% of boys and 50%
of girls enrollment
Other locations 50% of boys and 100% of girls enrollment
The boy's hostel will be made as a unit for 120 students while there is not minimum for a
girls-hostel unit. The first year students will be accommodated in triple seated rooms while
others will be given single seated rooms.

The norms for the room areas will be as below :

Carpet Area (Sq.m.)

Single room 9
Triple seated room 20

The other building space needed in a hostel unit will be as per norm given below :

Carpet Area (Sq.m.)

Kitchen and Dining Hall 200 sqm
Indoor games cum Common hall 150 sqm
Medical room 50 sm(for all hostels)
Canteen 15sqm
Warden Office 18*sm
Guest Room (2 nos.) 18* sqm

(* Four addition rooms of 9 sq.m. each within the hostel blocks)

12.6.2 Staff Residences

The minimum residential accommodation that should exist in the campus should be for
the Principal, all Heads of Departments, all Warden and the essential staff including a
Caretaker, an electrician, a driver, a water supply operator and chowkidars.
The building space for residences will be as per norms given below :

Principal 140 Sq.m.

Professor 100 Sq.m.
Asst. Professor/Lecturer 80 Sq.m.
Class III staff 30 Sq.m.
Class IV staff 20 Sq.m.

12.6.3 Teachers Hostel

It will be desirable to have a hostel type accommodation for 25% strength of the teachers
with the norms of 30 sqm. carpet area per teacher inclusive of an attached toiled room.

12.6.4 Guest Houses

To meet the needs of the guests visiting the institution for official work and the parents
visiting the students it will be necessary to have a guest house.

12.7 Furniture

All laboratories, library, workshops, lecture and tutorial rooms offices hostels and Guest
house etc. should be adequately furnished. No norms for the furniture are begin laid,
however it is expected that the furniture should conform to the requirement of a dignified
institution, The Institution may equip the buildings with the furniture as available
indigenously.

12.8 Land

It will not be desirable to set the norms for the land requirements for an engineering
college because of existing high pressure on land availability and other similar factors. If
enough land is not available near a large town, the double and triple storey construction
may have to be resorted to. However, it will be desirable to have the total land area so as
all requirements of the building space are fully met as envisaged in these norms.

In addition, it will be necessary to have additional land available within the campus for
future expansion, with a norm of about 3 times the constructed area.

Keeping all these points in view it is expected that a new engineering institution located
in non-metro location will have a land of about 20 acres at its disposal before starting.

Buildings in campus should reflect the

Philosophy of the university through
its architectural expression .
Façade can be amalgamation of global
as well as cultural expressions.
Use of different materials on facade
can make buildings much vibrant and
interesting .
Canopy at the entrance will add more
warmth and make the entrance more
interactive.
 “A building is not just a frame to be
erected. It is itself a device for
cultivating communication.”
Buildings in campus should reflect the
Philosophy of the university through
its ae entrance will add more
warmth and make the entrance more
interactive. Buildings in campus should reflect
the
Philosophy of the university through
its architectural expression .
Façade can be amalgamation of global
as well as cultural expressions.
Use of different materials on facade
can make buildings much vibrant and
interesting .
Canopy at the entrance will add more
warmth and make the entrance more
interactive.
Campus Planning Principles
From the Policy on Capital Planning and Capital Projects (June 28,
2001):
To ensure excellence in campus planning and design, directives that
guide the University towards a systematic and comprehensive approach
for evaluating design alternatives for buildings and grounds are
necessary.
The general planning principles relating to campus planning, building
design, site planning and landscaped open space to assist the University
in various development proposals are loosely categorized below. This
listing incorporates the principles established in 1990 which were based
on the principles approved in 1975 and 1983 and do address
accessibility, safety and environmental issues. In addition it is important
to refer to all Master Plans for each campus to specifically delineate
those issues that are campus specific, notably parking etc.

A. Campus Planning
A1. It should be recognized that the University is set within an
established urban environment and that campus development must fall
within the parameters of the existing context and the planning of the
Cities of Toronto and Mississauga and the broader GTA.
A2. The development capacity of University of Toronto property should
be fully realized, while respecting the integrity of the campus to support
the University’s academic endeavours.
A3. The use of transit should be encouraged while co-operating with the
Cities of Toronto and Mississauga in new endeavours to examine and
rationalize parking.
A4. The architectural and visual coherence of the campus should be
sustained and enhanced by campus development.
A5. Structures and outdoor spaces of historical, architectural, or
environmental significance should be preserved.
A6. The University’s heritage and tradition should be enhanced and
emphasized.
A7. Unified academic communities should be planned with a
fundamental framework of social and environmental amenities (e.g. child
care, food services, recycling facilities etc.).
A8. The expansion of campus-wide service networks, such as utilities
and communications, should be integral to campus planning.
A9. The University campus and global environment as set out in the
Environmental Protection Policy should be maintained and enhanced.

B. Site Planning
B1. Structures, open space, and areas of historic significance should be
preserved and enhanced and an appropriate integration of new
development, renovations, or additions must be ensured.
B2. A system of continuous pedestrian routes throughout the campus
should be established which provide safe and convenient access to all
University facilities, including convenient access for the physically
disabled.
B3. The grouping of buildings with related use and technical support
facilities should be encouraged.
B4. Aesthetic aspects of public areas should be enhanced.
B5. Personal safety considerations must be paramount in building and
landscape design.

C. Landscaped Outdoor Open Space

C1. Designated funding for landscape improvements are required to be
included within the total building project budgets in accordance with the
University’s budget guidelines.
C2. Priority should be given to landscape improvements on the St.
George Campus identified in the open space master plan “Investing in
the Landscape” and on the Mississauga and Scarborough Campuses
identified in their respective master plans.
C3. Existing University open space, gardens and treed areas of
significance should be respected and enhanced when planning new
development, renovations and additions to adjacent buildings.
C4. Optimal microclimatic conditions should be promoted through site
and building design. Specifically, design must take into account that
peak use of the campus occurs in fall and winter.
C5. Streetscapes should be identifiable through distinctive paving,
lighting, signage, and outdoor furnishings.

D. Property And Land Use

D1. The use of physical resources of all kinds should aim to promote the
University’s academic goals. All University lands should be regarded as
resources to serve the University’s overall mission.
D2. No buildings or campus areas should be irrevocably assigned to or
controlled by a particular division or department.
D3. Capital improvements and the use of existing space should be
coordinated to ensure the most effective use of all resources. The
secondary ramifications of every major capital project should be
identified as part of the planning for the project.
D4. Building renovation and adaptation should be given equal
consideration with building replacement in order to maximize use of the
existing space inventory and to preserve sites for development.
D5. Where possible and desirable, the University should plan multiple
use facilities.
D6. The periphery of the campus should be planned in a consultative
fashion so as to reflect the plans of both adjacent communities and the
University.
D7. Faculties and departments that have close functional or disciplinary
relationships should be grouped whenever possible.
D8. The University should vacate leased space funded by the operating
budget whenever cost effective alternatives are presented to do so.
D9. Surface parking should be replaced wherever possible by parking
structures
D10. The university should retain oversight of design when leasing land
to a third party.

E. Considerations For Building Design

E1. All buildings should be identifiable as University facilities and
contribute to the quality and coherence of the campus.
E2. On the perimeter of the campus, the buildings should convey the
identity of the University as well as ensuring appropriate integration with
the adjacent communities.
E3. Each building project should be developed as part of an integrated
whole, consisting of built space, open space, and functional inter-
relationships.
E4. The gross area of each building should be minimized to reduce
capital and operating costs while fulfilling program requirements
according to a system of objective space standards.
E5. Building design should make efficient use of each building site taking
into account the limited availability of undeveloped campus lands.
E6. Building design should take into account impact on micro-climatic
conditions.
E7. Facilities that do not require surface locations should be built below
grade when possible.
E8. lnfill should be considered to capitalize on unused space or where it
can preserve and reinforce the historical, aesthetic, or functional
attributes of existing buildings.
E9. Accessibility for the disabled must be taken into account in building
design.
E10. Building design should provide flexibility to facilitate changes in use
and improvements in technical support facilities.
E11. All building projects should take into account the principles
described above in order to improve adjacent existing facilities whenever
possible.
E12. When making decisions about designs, processes and products
that influence resource use and other environmental impact, alternative
methods that result in good environmental practices should be
considered.
E13. All buildings are to be designed according to principles of green
building in order to minimize energy and materials demand, and to
minimize interior pollution.