he Summer of the Beautiful White Horse” is narrated by nine-year-old Aram

Garoghlanian, a member of an Armenian community living among the lush

fruit orchards and vineyards of California. One morning Aram is awakened
before dawn by his older cousin Mourad, who everyone thinks is crazy. Aram
is astonished to see that Mourad is sitting on a beautiful white horse. Aram
has always wanted to ride a horse, but his family is too poor to afford one.
However, the Garoghlanian family is noted not only for its poverty but also for
its honesty, so it is unthinkable that Mourad could have stolen the horse.

Nevertheless, Aram asks Mourad if he has stolen the horse, and Mourad
invites him to jump out the window if he wants to go for a ride. Now Aram is
sure that Mourad has stolen the horse, but he jumps up behind Mourad, and
the two of them begin to ride out of the little town in which they live.

As they ride, Mourad begins to sing. Everybody in the family thinks that
Mourad has inherited his crazy behavior from Uncle Khosrove, a huge man
who can stop all discussions and arguments by bellowing at the top of his loud
voice, “It is no harm; pay no attention to it.” Khosrove once said this when told
that his house was on fire. Although Mourad is not Khosrove’s son, this fact
does not matter to the Armenians. They think that it is Khosrove’s spirit that
Mourad has inherited, not his flesh.

When they reach the open country, Aram wants to ride the horse by himself,
but Mourad reminds him that it is up to the horse. Mourad can ride because,
he says, “I have a way with a horse.” When Aram tries to ride the horse, he
cannot control the animal, and it throws him. The two boys find the runaway
horse, hide him in an abandoned barn, and go home.

That afternoon, Uncle Khosrove comes to Aram’s house to smoke cigarettes

and drink coffee....

The philosophers like Socrates,Aristotle and plato were of the opinion that physical training is
must for youth. physical education is the sum of those experiences which come to the individual
through their movements.

The aim of physical education is the wholesome development of an individuals. physical

education is an integral part of total education process. It has various aims and objectives to
understand.

Physical development: It helps us to development of our organic system such as circulatory

systems, respiratory system, nervous system, muscular system etc. During physical activities,
the body demands more and more from various systems and organs, which in turn have to
function optimally to cope with stress of activity.
 Mental development: needs alertness of mind, deep concentration and calculated
movements. moreover it should be called the indispensable requirement of various physical
activities.

Social development: It provides ample opportunities to its participants to interact with other
individuals and groups. This gives wholesome experience to learn social norms.

Neuro-muscular coordination: It helps us to concern with better co-ordination between

nervous system and muscular system. It helps us to keep of fatigue during vigorous activities. It
is also known as psycho motor development.

Emotional development: It helps us to aims at emotional stability which helps in facing any
type of situation. It teaches to accept success and failure gracefully, which is also helpful
through out the life time.

Development of health: This helps health related habits through health education prevention of
communicable diseases. It helps to reduce anxiety, stress and tension up to a large extent, so
that the health of individuals could be promoted.

Sports authority of India

1. It was established in 1984 aims of sports authority of India.

2. Promotion of sports.
3. Exploration of sports talent in young age.
4. Organizing sports competitions.
5. Providing facilities to sports persons.
6. To utilize and maintain the stadiums.

Careers in physical education

There are various career option in sports like health clubs, sports goods manufacturing
companies and in areas of marketing also.

 some of the courses offered in physical education like:

1. Certificate course offered in physical education.
2. Diploma in physical education.
3. Bachelor in physical education.
4. Master in physical education.

 Jobs offered in physical education:

1. Teaching career like: elementary school, middle school, high school, senior secondary high
school, college and universities.
2. Coaching career like: To work as a coach you will teach your players the skills and techniques
necessary to improve their chances for victory. You may work for an extracurricular organization
or a school or you may work as a private coach.

 Administration related careers:

1. Department of physical education.
2. Sports department.
3. Industrial recreation.
4. Sports facilities management.

 Careers in communication media:

1. Sports journalism.
2. Book writing.
3. Sports photography.
4. Book publishing.
5. Sports broadcasting.
6. Marketing.
7. Sports industry.
The philosophers like Socrates,Aristotle and plato were of the opinion that physical training is
must for youth. physical education is the sum of those experiences which come to the individual
through their movements.

The aim of physical education is the wholesome development of an individuals. physical

education is an integral part of total education process. It has various aims and objectives to
understand.

Physical development: It helps us to development of our organic system such as circulatory

systems, respiratory system, nervous system, muscular system etc. During physical activities,
the body demands more and more from various systems and organs, which in turn have to
function optimally to cope with stress of activity.

Mental development: needs alertness of mind, deep concentration and calculated

movements. moreover it should be called the indispensable requirement of various physical
activities.

Social development: It provides ample opportunities to its participants to interact with other
individuals and groups. This gives wholesome experience to learn social norms.

Neuro-muscular coordination: It helps us to concern with better co-ordination between

nervous system and muscular system. It helps us to keep of fatigue during vigorous activities. It
is also known as psycho motor development.

Emotional development: It helps us to aims at emotional stability which helps in facing any
type of situation. It teaches to accept success and failure gracefully, which is also helpful
through out the life time.

Development of health: This helps health related habits through health education prevention of
communicable diseases. It helps to reduce anxiety, stress and tension up to a large extent, so
that the health of individuals could be promoted.

Sports authority of India

1. It was established in 1984 aims of sports authority of India.

2. Promotion of sports.
3. Exploration of sports talent in young age.
4. Organizing sports competitions.
 5. Providing facilities to sports persons.
6. To utilize and maintain the stadiums.

Careers in physical education

There are various career option in sports like health clubs, sports goods manufacturing
companies and in areas of marketing also.

 some of the courses offered in physical education like:

1. Certificate course offered in physical education.
2. Diploma in physical education.
3. Bachelor in physical education.
4. Master in physical education.

 Jobs offered in physical education:

1. Teaching career like: elementary school, middle school, high school, senior secondary high
school, college and universities.
2. Coaching career like: To work as a coach you will teach your players the skills and techniques
necessary to improve their chances for victory. You may work for an extracurricular organization
or a school or you may work as a private coach.

 Administration related careers:

1. Department of physical education.
2. Sports department.
3. Industrial recreation.
4. Sports facilities management.

 Careers in communication media:

1. Sports journalism.
2. Book writing.
3. Sports photography.
4. Book publishing.
5. Sports broadcasting.
6. Marketing.
7. Sports industry.

Very Important Questions.

Q1. How did the grandmother spend her whole day?

Ans. The grandmother spent her whole day by getting her grandson ready for the school, making
chapattis for him and dropping him to school. Besides, she always remained busy in reciting prayers
and telling the beads of her rosary.
Q2. Why was the grandmother so disturbed when the narrator started going to the city
school?
Ans. The grandmother was a religious lady who loved to read scriptures and tell the beads of the
rosary. When her grandson told her about the subjects being taught at school, she felt offended and
reacted strangely. According to her, music was a monopoly of harlots and beggars.

Q3. How did the sparrows express their sorrow when the author’s grandmother died?
Ans. Author’s grandmother was very fond of feeding sparrows with bread crumbs. When the
grandmother died, the sparrows did not take notice of bread crumbs and flew away without eating
them. In this way, they expressed their sorrow at her death.

Q4. How did the author’s grandmother behave just before her death?
Ans. The author’s grandmother had got a fair enough idea about her upcoming death. Therefore, she
decided not to waste even a single second while talking to her relatives but reciting the prayers and
telling the beads of her rosary. She gave a clear signal to her family that she was no longer interested
in talking to them.

Q5. Would you agree that grandmother was a lady strong in character?
Ans. undoubtedly, the grandmother was a very strong lady in character. She struggled a lot
throughout her life but never gave up. She brought the narrator up with even though she was alone
and old and looked after her with proper love and care. Besides, nothing made her emotional
whether it was departure of author to university or abroad or his homecoming after 5 years. All this
clearly signifies that she was a strong woman.

Q6. Write a brief character sketch of the author’s grandmother.

Ans. Author’s grandmother was a very religious and independent woman. Her energy to walk with a
hand on her waist and agility to perform all the tasks made her exuberant. She had a firm belief in
God therefore she always remained busy in telling the beads of her rosary and reciting the prayers.
Besides, she had a strong will power and ability to overcome her emotions at all the stages of her
life. She was a philanthropist as well as an altruist who made stale chapattis every day for the stray
dogs. She was a social butterfly who shared her joys and sorrows with all the neighbourhood women
of the society. In nutshell, she was an impeccable woman with a lot of devotion and selfless attitude.