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Offers unique pov. on hist. & culture → understanding of ancient / recent past
Helps understand basic context of ppl living on Earth and how they lived
o Examine causes of changes that occurred in human cultures over time
o Seek explanations of patterns to explain the origins of human culture
History V.S. Archaeology
o History: Written records & documents to interpret lives and events
o Archaeology: Not restrained by written languages; glimpse lives of ppl.
thru. analyzing artifacts / sites
Only field that covers all time periods & geo. regions inhabited by humans
Helped understand big topics relating to History, Geo, Culture, and others
Inform us lives of ppl & communities that might otherwise remain invisible
Types of Archaeology
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Archaeology Brief Intro
Artifacts: Objects made / used by ppl.; analyzed to gain info about ppl. who
made & used them
o Non-portable artifacts = Features
Soil stains indicating where infra~/structures once existed
Ecofacts: Natural remains that help understand diet & subsistence patterns
Context
Relation. that artifacts have to each other + situation in which they are found.
o Every artifact on site has precisely defined location; Not recording
precise location = 0 context → 0 sci. value
Allows archaeologists to understand relationship between artifacts on the same
site, as well as how different archaeological sites are related to each other.