Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
INDIAN HIGHWAYS
Volume: 44 Number: 7 JULY, 2016 ISSN 0376-2756
Contents...
4. From the Editor’s Desk
The Union Minister for Road Transport & Highways and Shipping,
Shri Nitin Gadkari launching the Annual Report of the Transport
Research Wing on Road Accidents in India 2015, in New Delhi on June 5. News Box
09, 2016. The Secretary, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways,
Shri Sanjay Mitra is also seen.
7. Important Announcement – New Membership Fee/
Form
Technical Papers
Headquarter: Secretary General, Indian Roads Congress, Sector-6, R K Puram, Kama Koti Marg, New Delhi-110 022.
Phone: 91 11 26185303, Fax: 91 11 26183669.
Printed at: I G Printers Pvt. Ltd., 104, DSIDC Complex, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-I, New Delhi-110020.
No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without prior written
permission from the Secretary General, IRC.
The responsibilty of the contents and the opinions expressed in Indian Highways is exclusively of the
author/s concerned. IRC and the Editor disclaim responsibility and liability for any statements or opinion,
originality of contents and of any copyright violations by the authors. The opinions expressed in the papers
and contents published in the Indian Highways do not necessarily represent the views of the Editor or IRC.
From the Editor’s Desk
YOGA,
An Invaluable Gift of India to the World in
Turn to Warrant Sound Body and Mind,
thus Safe Mobility
The Minister of Road Transport & Highways and • Now a days lots of young citizens are to use the
Shipping Shri Nitin Gadkari on 14.06.2016 has two wheelers for commuting to local places especially
reiterated his commitment to bring down the number schools, other institutions etc. As 50 CC vehicles are
of accidents and related fatalities. 726 black spots no longer available and further with the mass
have been identified and work is on to rectify these at availability of 100 CC vehicles it is proposed to allow
the cost of Rs11,000 crore and Crash barriers are going licence after 16 years for gearless scooters below 100cc
to be installed in hilly terrains like Himachal Pradesh, 7 Do away with the dress code for the drivers (truck
he said. The Minister also informed that 10 % of the drivers)
CRF funds given to each state is to be used for • Now a days the drivers especially of trucks and
identifying black spots on state and other highways. buses are many times harassed by the authorities for
He called upon state governments to send proposals not wearing the prescribed dress.
for the same. He also said that NGOs have also been 8 Allow registration of vehicles at Dealer’s end
roped in to create awareness. • With the availability of Vehicle Data from the
The GoM (Group of Ministers) constituted by the Original Equipment Manufacturers because of
MoRTHto recommend measures to make road travel VAHAN database of NIC availability with the dealers
in the country safe, convenient and seamless held its and with a lot of time wasted by the Citizens having
third meeting in Dharamshala on 12.06.2016. Headed their vehicles physically inspected with the RTO’s
by Rajasthan Transport Minister Shri Yoonus Khan, office the Dealer may have the registration done and
the GoM has met earlier in New Delhi on 29th of April be made responsible.
and in Bengaluru on 20 th of May this year. The 9 Create National Road Safety and Traffic Management
recommendations made by the GoM in the three Board
meetings held so far are as follows : • To provide for a lead agency for implementing
the road safety strategy, advisory body having
Sn. Recommendations necessary expertise and resources is proposed to be
1st Interim Report dated 29th April, 2016 created.
1 Road Transport and Safety Bill, 2015 requires 10 Include accidental insurance for drivers in third
detailed deliberations and subsequent modification. party insurance
Hence may take long time. In the meantime • Presently the drivers of the transport vehicles
amendments may be carried in the MV Act and Rules do not have any financial support available in case of
to address urgent issues. an unfortunate incident of accident and requiring
2 Rules of Road Regulations to be notified- medical treatment and are left at the mercy of the
• The Rules of Road Regulation 1989 have become owners.
outdated and there is a need to issue fresh regulations 11 First fitness renewal be after three years. Review
in line with the present day requirements periodicity of fitness renewals to 2 years upto the life
3 Include Good Samaritan Guidelines under the MV of eight years
Act • With improved vehicle and road technology the
• The guidelines issued by the Ministry of Road periodicity of vehicle inspection need to be increased
Transport and Highways for the protection of good 12 Review periodicity of driving license renewals
Samaritans has been approved by the Hon’ble • The life expectancy and physical well being of
Supreme Court. However to give a statutory backing the individuals have now a days increased. The
there is a need for its inclusion in the MV Act. renewal process sometimes causes harassment and is
4 Simplification of forms under CMVR time consuming for the individuals. This may be
• In order to make the old forms Citizen friendly increased with check and stringent mechanism in place
and easy to use and to be filled online the forms under for the driving licence issuance.
the Central Motor Vehicle Rules are required to be 13 Automated fitness centres for fitness test
modified • In order to have an objective mechanism for the
5 Online issue of Learning License and stricter vehicle fitness testing and saving the drivers / owners
evaluation at the time of grant of permanent license of the transport vehicles from harassment and time
• To make the issue of Learning License citizen loss automated fitness centres is the need of time.
friendly and make the process transparent it is 14 Automated equipment for driving license issuance
proposed to have the application and issue of test
Learner’s licence online. However to ensure safety • To have an objective mechanism for testing the
and proper skills for the driver, stricter evaluation at driving skills of the individuals and to save the
the time of issuance of Permanent Licence. harassment of citizens, the automated equipments for
6 Allow License after 16 years for gearless scooters driving license are proposed.
below 100 cc
2 Table 7.1 Table 7.1 Resilient Modulus of Bituminous Mixes, MPa Table 7.1 Resilient Modulus of Bituminous Mixes, MPa
in
reference Mix type Temperature 0C Mix type Temperature 0C
to clause 20 25 30 35 40 20 25 30 35 40
7.4 BC and DBM for VG10 bitumen 2300 2000 1450 1000 800 BC and DBM for VG10 2300 2000 1450 1000 800
(Page BC and DBM for VG30 bitumen 3500 3000 2500 1700 1250 bitumen
22-23) BC and DBM for VG40 bitumen 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 BC and DBM for VG30 3500 3000 2500 1700 1250
BC and DBM for Modified Bitu- 5700 3800 2400 1650 1300 bitumen
men (IRC:SP:53-2010) BC and DBM for 6000* 5000* 4000* 3000* 2000*
0
BM with VG 10 bitumen 500 MPa at 35 C VG40 bitumen
BM with VG 30 bitumen 700 MPa at 35 0C BC and DBM for Modi- 5700 3800 2400 1650 1300
WMM/RAP treated with 3 per 600 MPa at 35 0C (laboratory values fied Bitumen
cent bitumen emulsion/foamed vary from 600 to 1200 MPa for (IRC:SP:53-2010)
bitumen (2 per cent residual water saturated samples BM with VG 10 bitumen 500 MPa at 35 0C
bitumen and 1 per cent cemen- BM with VG 30 bitumen 700 MPa at 35 0C
tatious WMM/RAP treated with 600 MPa at 35 0C (laboratory values
material 3 per cent bitumen vary from 600 to 1200 MPa for water
emulsion/foamed saturated samples.
bitumen (2 per cent
residual bitumen and
1 per cent cementatious * 9.8% permissible variation
material
4 11.2 On new roads, the aim should be to construct the pavement as far On new roads, the aim should be to construct the pavement as
(Page 43) above the water table as economically practicable. The difference far above the water table as economically practicable. The
between the bottom of subgrade level and the level of water table/high difference between the bottom of subgrade level and
flood level should, generally, not be less than 1.0 m or 0.6 m in case of the level of water table/high flood level (i) for non-flood
existing roads which have no history of being overtopped. In water zones-should not be less than 0.6 m (ii) for flood zones-
logged areas, where the subgrade is within the zone of capillary should not be less than 1.0m and (iii) for water logged
saturation, consideration should be given to the installation of suitable zones-should not be less than 1.5m.
capillary cut-off as per IRC:34 at appropriate level underneath the
pavement.
9
Important Announcement –
Revision of Advertisement Tariff/Subscription Charges
Guidelines for Life/Individual Associate/Student Membership & New Membership Fee Structure
(approved by the IRC Council in its 206th Meeting held at Srinagar, J&K on 25th/26th June, 2015)
‘
1. For Life Membership: Graduate Engineer or equivalent (AMIE) or Diploma with 10 years experience
or engineers/scientists having experience in relevant field for more than 10 years.
2. For Individual Associate Membership: All professionals other than eligible for Life Membership
3. For Student Membership: Any engineering student.
4. FEE (Inclusive of Service Tax) TO BE PAID ALONGWITH APPLICATION FORM:
India & SAARC Countries
*E-Life Membership Rs5000/-
**Non E-Life Membership Rs10000/- (upto age of 45 years)
Rs7500/- (above age of 45 years)
Foreign Countries
*E-Life Membership US$ 150
**Non E-Life Membership US$ 500
Individual Associate E-Membership
*E-Life Membership Rs5000/-
**Non E-Life Membership Rs15000/-
E-Student Membership
Rs 500/- per annum
* For e-membership periodical materials and correspondence by e-mail only
** For non e-membership periodical materials and correspondence by post
Table 1 Nonlinear constant K1 and K2 for granular materials as reported by Huang, 2004
Fig.3(a) Disastrous Flood in Malda District in Fig. 3(b) Devastation brought about by river
West Bengal after Breach of Left Marginal Kosi due to change of its course on August
Embankment Upstream of Farakka Barrage, 18 th, 2008 due to Breach in its left
in the year 1998 Embankment about 12 km upstream of Kosi
Barrage
Actually, every river has its training measures depend on An embankment (also called
individual and unique its valley setting. Broadly, all levees and dykes) is
characteristics. The objective river training works are constructed almost parallel to
of river training and measures engineering measures adopted river bank and sometimes
to control it will , therefore, vary to guide and stabilize the river normal to the bank, (as in case
from river to river. It is in its own course without of approach embankments in
essential to make an in depth causing harm / damage to life wide khadir, connecting
study of the river behavior and properties by controlling hydraulic structures e.g.
before deciding the necessity flow of water and sediments bridges and barrages) for the
and type of river training with a view to make best use purpose of protecting adjacent
measures to be adopted. of the river and river water. lands and habitats from
4.0 DIFFERENT TYPES Different types of river training flooding due to overtopping and
works in common use are spilling of banks by flood water.
OF RIVER TRAINING
briefly discussed in the following They help in channelising the
MEASURES subsections: river in a given course with
As already discussed under adequate flow depth for
4.1 Embankments/
section -1, types of river navigation and reclamation of
Levees/ Dykes
land. Further details about
embankments / levees and
their planning, layout and
design criteria are given in IRC-
89 (1989) & IS- 12094(2000)
4.2 Revetments /
Pitching / Rip-Rap /
Mattressing
The most popular measure to
prevent river bank erosion
against high velocity of flow is
to pave the river side banks /
embankments with artificial
revetments/ mattresses made
of either loose and crated stone
pitching laid over graded filters
Anabranching of River Mahananda Upstream of Bridge on (or geosynthetic textiles) to
NH-31 prevent erosion of bed and
Fig.10 Washed Out Head of An Impervious Fig.11 Porcupines used for Protection Left
1upstream of Farraka barrage Embankment Spur in Farakka Barrage
Construction of Bridges
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O
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ne of the dictionary meanings of the word syzygy is “any two related things, either alike or opposite”. For
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any structure, design and construction,if complement each other, more so for bridges then a smooth,
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hassle free execution follows.If not, then it leads to avoidable delays, changes in proposal&method of
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construction, extra costs and last but not the least, contractual
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problems, that add further to complications in substantial manner.
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The paper is an attempt to highlight these aspects with some
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actual works. The study is with some executed structures and one
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contemplated. It covers likely scenarios; ensuring syzygy during
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concept stage, required due to unfortunate situations beyond
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control faced during execution as well as concepts developed
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without any syzygy but realized at nick of the time salvaging the
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Dhananjay A Bhide
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situation leading to a successful (Chartered Engineer) completion of project in time.
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Study also includes a project that E-Mail: bhideda@yahoo.co.in was a really a complex proposal but
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bhideda@yahoo.co.in
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had to be abandoned due to various reasons. However, the
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details were reviewed from these considerations and some of the observed lacunae along with the remedial
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measures are presented. Itamply highlights the fact that for complex proposals the requirement of the syzygy
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assumes an utmost importance. From the details, readers may realize the severity of the consequences, if left
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unattended and the implications on project.
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Fig 12: Showing the curved alignment and launching of trough girders